This document specifies requirements for the design, fabrication, inspection and testing of static vacuum-insulated cryogenic vessels designed for a maximum allowable pressure of more than 0,5 bar. This document applies to static vacuum-insulated cryogenic vessels for fluids and does not apply to vessels designed for toxic fluids. This document also gives guidance for static vacuum-insulated cryogenic vessels designed for a maximum allowable pressure of not more than 0,5 bar.

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This document specifies the minimum requirements for the protection of helium cryostats against excessive pressure rise, including the specific risks associated with cryostats for superconducting magnets and cryostats for superconducting radio-frequency cavities, coldboxes of helium refrigerators and liquefiers as well as helium distribution systems including valve boxes. It includes information on risk assessment, protection concepts, dimensioning of pressure relief devices, types of pressure relief devices, substance release and operation of helium cryostats.
In order to fulfil the aim of this document, the characteristics of pressure relief devices are taken into account.

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This document specifies the minimum requirements for the protection of helium cryostats against excessive pressure, including the specific risks associated with cryostats for superconducting magnets and cryostats for superconducting radio-frequency cavities, coldboxes of helium refrigerators and liquefiers as well as helium distribution systems including valve boxes. It includes risk assessment, protection concepts, dimensioning of pressure relief devices, types of pressure relief devices, substance release and operation of helium cryostats.
In order to fulfil the aim of this document, the characteristics of pressure relief devices are taken into account.

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This part of ISO 20088 describes a method for determining the resistance to cryogenic spray on Cryogenic Spillage Protection (CSP) systems. It is applicable where CSP systems are installed on carbon steel and will be in contact with cryogenic fluids. Liquid jet release is potentially formed at high pressure LNG handling section in LNG liquefaction unit, e.g., around 40 - 60 bar operating pressure. Due to high velocity discharge, it may cause severe condition for cryogenic protection coating by large momentum with extreme cryogenic temperature. Liquid nitrogen is used as the cryogenic medium since it has a lower boiling point than liquid natural gas or liquid oxygen and it is not flammable. Additionally, it can be safely used for experiment.

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This document defines practical methods for determining the heat-leak performance of cryogenic vessels. The methods include measurement on both open and closed systems. This document neither specifies the requirement levels for insulation performance nor when the defined methods are applied.

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ISO 23208:2017 specifies the minimum requirements for the cleanliness of all surfaces of cryogenic vessels and associated accessories that are in contact with the cryogenic fluid at any expected operating conditions.
ISO 23208:2017 defines the acceptable level of surface and particle contamination to minimize the risk of malfunction of equipment and ensure safety against ignition when in contact with oxygen or oxidizing fluids (see ISO 10156).

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ISO 21012:2018 specifies design, construction, type and production testing, and marking requirements for non-insulated cryogenic flexible hoses used for the transfer of cryogenic fluids within the following range of operating conditions:
-      working temperature: from −270 °C to +65 °C;
-      nominal size (DN): from 10 to 100.
End fittings for mounting of any couplings are within the scope of this document, but the couplings are subject to other standards.
ISO 21012:2018 is intended that the hose be designed and tested to satisfy the generally accepted rated pressure i.e. at least PR 40. Hoses may be then selected with a PR equal to or greater than the maximum allowable pressure (PS) of the equipment to which it is to be used.

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This document specifies requirements for the design, fabrication, inspection and testing of large transportable vacuum-insulated cryogenic vessels of more than 450 l volume, which are permanently (fixed tanks) or not permanently (demountable tanks and portable tanks) attached to a means of transport, for one or more modes of transport. This document applies to large transportable vacuum-insulated cryogenic vessels for fluids specified in 3.1 and does not apply to vessels designed for toxic fluids. This document does not include the general vehicle requirements, e.g. running gear, brakes, lighting, etc. NOTE 1 This document does not cover specific requirements for refillable liquid-hydrogen tanks that are primarily dedicated as fuel tanks in vehicles. For fuel tanks used in land vehicles, see ISO 13985. NOTE 2 This document does not cover specific requirements for refillable liquid hydrogen and LNG tanks that are primarily dedicated as fuel tanks in vehicles. For fuel tanks used in vehicles, see ISO 13985.

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This document specifies the minimum requirements for the cleanliness of all surfaces of cryogenic vessels and associated accessories that are in contact with the cryogenic fluid at any expected operating conditions.
This document defines the acceptable level of surface and particle contamination to minimize the risk of malfunction of equipment and ensure safety against ignition when in contact with oxygen or oxidizing fluids (see EN ISO 10156).

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This standard gives design, construction, type and production testing, and marking requirements for non insulated cryogenic flexible hose used for the transfer of cryogenic fluids within the following range of operating conditions : - working temperature: from - 270 °C to + 65 °C ; - maximum nominal pressure: 80 bar ; - nominal size (DN): from 10 to 100. End fittings for mounting of any couplings are within the scope of this standard, but the couplings are subject to other standards. It is intended that the hose be designed and tested to satisfy the generally accepted nominal pressure e.g. PN 40. Hoses may then be selected with a PN equal to or greater than the maximum allowable pressure (PS) of the equipment to which it is to be used.

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ISO 21028-2:2018 specifies the toughness requirements of metallic materials for use at temperatures between −20 °C and −80 °C to ensure their suitability for cryogenic vessels. This document is applicable to fine-grain and low-alloyed steels with specified yield strength ≤460 N/mm2, aluminium and aluminium alloys, copper and copper alloys and austenitic stainless steels.
NOTE       For steel materials listed in EN 13445‑2 or EN 13480‑2 or for steel materials and weldings complying with the same fundamental safety requirements, the requirements for prevention of brittle fracture at low temperatures according to EN 13445‑2:2014, Annex B, method 2, or EN 13480‑2:2012, Annex B, method 2 can be applied.

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This European Standard specifies the toughness requirements of the metallic materials for use at a temperature between - 80 °C and - 20 °C ensuring suitability for use for the cryogenic vessels. Fine grain and low alloyed steels with specified yield strength <= 460 N/mm², aluminium and aluminium alloys, copper and copper alloys and austenitic stainless steels are covered by this standard.

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ISO 21028-2:2018 specifies the toughness requirements of metallic materials for use at temperatures between −20 °C and −80 °C to ensure their suitability for cryogenic vessels. This document is applicable to fine-grain and low-alloyed steels with specified yield strength ≤460 N/mm2, aluminium and aluminium alloys, copper and copper alloys and austenitic stainless steels. NOTE For steel materials listed in EN 13445‑2 or EN 13480‑2 or for steel materials and weldings complying with the same fundamental safety requirements, the requirements for prevention of brittle fracture at low temperatures according to EN 13445‑2:2014, Annex B, method 2, or EN 13480‑2:2012, Annex B, method 2 can be applied.

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ISO 21012:2018 specifies design, construction, type and production testing, and marking requirements for non-insulated cryogenic flexible hoses used for the transfer of cryogenic fluids within the following range of operating conditions: - working temperature: from −270 °C to +65 °C; - nominal size (DN): from 10 to 100. End fittings for mounting of any couplings are within the scope of this document, but the couplings are subject to other standards. ISO 21012:2018 is intended that the hose be designed and tested to satisfy the generally accepted rated pressure i.e. at least PR 40. Hoses may be then selected with a PR equal to or greater than the maximum allowable pressure (PS) of the equipment to which it is to be used.

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ISO 21029-1:2018 specifies requirements for the design, fabrication, type test and initial inspection and test of transportable vacuum-insulated cryogenic pressure vessels of not more than 1 000 l volume. This document applies to transportable vacuum-insulated cryogenic vessels for fluids as specified in 3.1 and Table 1 and does not apply to such vessels designed for toxic fluids. NOTE 1 This document does not cover specific requirements for refillable liquid hydrogen and LNG tanks that are primarily dedicated as fuel tanks in vehicles. For fuel tanks used in land and marine vehicles, see ISO 13985. NOTE 2 Specific requirements for open top dewards are not covered by this document.

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ISO 21010:2017 specifies gas/material compatibility requirements (such as chemical resistance) for cryogenic vessels, but it does not cover mechanical properties (e.g. for low-temperature applications). ISO 21010:2017 provides general guidance for compatibility with gases and detailed compatibility requirements for oxygen and oxygen-enriched atmospheres. This document also defines the testing methods for establishing oxygen compatibility of materials (metallic and non-metallic) to be used for cryogenic vessels and associated equipment. ISO 21010:2017 focuses on materials that are normally with or could be in contact with cryogenic fluids.

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ISO 20421-2:2017 specifies operational requirements for large transportable vacuum-insulated cryogenic vessels.
These operational requirements include putting into service, filling, withdrawal, transport within the location, storage, maintenance, periodic inspection and emergency procedures.
For the transport of these vessels by public road, rail, waterway, sea and air, additional requirements can apply; these are defined in specific regulations.

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ISO 21028-1:2016 specifies the toughness requirements of metallic materials for use at a temperature below -80 °C to ensure their suitability for cryogenic vessels.
ISO 21028-1:2016 is not applicable to unalloyed steels and cast materials.

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ISO 20088-1:2016 describes a method for determining the resistance to liquid cryogenic spillage on cryogenic spillage protection (CSP) systems. It is applicable where CSP systems are installed on carbon steel and will be in contact with cryogenic fluids.
Liquid nitrogen is used as the cryogenic medium since it has a lower boiling point than liquid natural gas or liquid oxygen and it is not flammable. Additionally, it can be safely used for experiment.
Future parts of the standard will cover vapour phase and jet exposure conditions.
The test laboratory is responsible to conduct an appropriate risk assessment according to local regulation in order to consider the impact of liquid and gaseous nitrogen exposure to equipment and personnel.

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ISO 23208:2017 specifies the minimum requirements for the cleanliness of all surfaces of cryogenic vessels and associated accessories that are in contact with the cryogenic fluid at any expected operating conditions. ISO 23208:2017 defines the acceptable level of surface and particle contamination to minimize the risk of malfunction of equipment and ensure safety against ignition when in contact with oxygen or oxidizing fluids (see ISO 10156).

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This European standard specifies the toughness requirements of metallic materials for use at a temperature below - 80 øC to ensure their suitability for cryogenic vessels. This standard is not applicable to unalloyed steels and cast materials. This standard is not applicable to cryogenic vessels for liquefied natural gas (LNG).

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This European Standard applies to operational requirements for large transportable vacuum insulated cryogenic vessels of more than 1000 litres volume. The scope includes putting into service, filling, withdrawal, transport within the location, maintenance, periodic inspection and emergency procedures. Operational requirements for usage these vessels on public roads, rail, sea and air are not covered. For the transportation of these vessels by public road, rail, sea and air, other requirements apply; these are defined in specific regulations. The standard applies to vessels for cryogenic fluids as specified in WI 004.

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This standard specifies the minimum requirements for the design, manufacture and testing of pumps for cryogenic service (i.e. for operation with cryogenic fluids below -10°C). This standard covers centrifugal pumps. However the principles may be applied to other types of pumps (e.g. reciprocating). This standard also gives guidance on the design of installations. (See annex A). It does not specify requirements on operation or maintenance.

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ISO 20421-2:2017 specifies operational requirements for large transportable vacuum-insulated cryogenic vessels. These operational requirements include putting into service, filling, withdrawal, transport within the location, storage, maintenance, periodic inspection and emergency procedures. For the transport of these vessels by public road, rail, waterway, sea and air, additional requirements can apply; these are defined in specific regulations.

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ISO 21013-3:2016 provides separate calculation methods for determining the required mass flow to be relieved for each of the following specified conditions:
-      vacuum-insulated vessels with insulation system (outer jacket + insulating material) intact under normal vacuum, outer jacket at ambient temperature, inner vessel at temperature of the contents at the specified relieving pressure;
-      vacuum-insulated vessels with insulation system (outer jacket + insulating material) intact under normal vacuum, outer jacket at ambient temperature, inner vessel at temperature of the contents at the specified relieving pressure, pressure regulator of the pressure build-up system functioning at full potential;
-      vacuum or non-vacuum-insulated vessels with insulation system remaining in place, but with loss of vacuum in the case of vacuum-insulated vessels, outer jacket at ambient temperature, inner vessel at temperature of the contents at the specified relieving pressure or vacuum or non-vacuum-insulated vessels with insulation system remaining fully or partially in place, but with loss of vacuum in the case of vacuum-insulated vessels, fire engulfment, inner vessel at temperature of the contents at the specified relieving pressure;
-      vacuum-insulated vessels containing fluids with saturation temperature below 75 K at 1 bar with insulation system remaining in place, but with loss of vacuum with air or nitrogen in the vacuum space;
-      vacuum insulated vessels containing fluids with saturation temperature below 75 K at 1 bar with insulation system remaining in place, but with loss of vacuum with air or nitrogen in the vacuum space with fire engulfment;
-      vessels with insulation system totally lost and fire engulfment.
Good engineering practice based on well-established theoretical physical science needs to be adopted to determine the required mass flow where an appropriate calculation method is not provided for an applicable condition.
Recommendations for pressure relief devices for cryostats are given in Annex A.

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This part of ISO 20088 Part 1 describes a method for determining the resistance to liquid cryogenic spillage on CSP systems. It is applicable where CSP systems are installed on carbon steel and will be in contact with cryogenic fluids.
Liquid nitrogen is used as the cryogenic medium since it has a lower boiling point than liquid natural gas or liquid oxygen. Additionally, it can be safely used for experiment.
Future parts of the standard will cover vapor phase and high pressure jet exposure conditions.

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ISO 24490:2016 specifies the minimum requirements for the design, manufacture and testing of pumps for cryogenic service.
ISO 24490:2016 is applicable to centrifugal pumps. However, it can be applied to other types of cryogenic pumps (e.g. reciprocating pumps), where applicable.
This International Standard also gives guidance on the design of installations (see Annex A).
It does not specify requirements for operation or maintenance.
NOTE          For cryogenic fluids, see ISO 21029‑1, ISO 20421‑1 and/or ISO 21009‑1.

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This standard provides a separate calculation method for determining the contributing mass flow to be relieved resulting from each of the following specified conditions: - vacuum insulated vessels with insulation system (outer jacket + insulating material) intact under normal vacuum. Outer jacket at ambient temperature. Inner vessel at temperature of the contents at the relieving pressure; - vacuum insulated vessels with insulation system remaining in place but with loss of vacuum, or non vacuum insulated vessels with insulation system intact. Outer jacket at ambient temperature. Inner vessel at temperature of the contents at the relieving pressure; - vacuum or non vacuum insulated vessels with insulation system remaining fully or partially in place, but with loss of vacuum in the case of vacuum insulated vessels, and fire engulfment. Inner vessel at temperature of the contents at the relieving pressure; - vessels with insulation system totally lost and fire engulfment. Good engineering practice based on well established theoretical physical science shall be adopted to determine the contributing mass flow where an appropriate calculation method is not provided for an applicable condition.

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ISO 21028-1:2016 specifies the toughness requirements of metallic materials for use at a temperature below -80 °C to ensure their suitability for cryogenic vessels. ISO 21028-1:2016 is not applicable to unalloyed steels and cast materials.

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ISO 21009-2:2015 specifies operational requirements for static vacuum insulated vessels designed for a maximum allowable pressure of more than 50 kPa (0,5 bar). It may also be used as a guideline for vessels designed for a maximum allowable pressure of less than 50 kPa (0,5 bar).
ISO 21009-2:2015 applies to vessels designed for cryogenic fluids specified in ISO 21009‑1.
Static cryogenic vessels are often partly equipped by the manufacturer, but may be installed or re-installed by another party, such as the operator, user or owner.
NOTE 1       For the installation of these vessels, additional requirements can apply; these are defined in specific regulations.
NOTE 2       Some requirements of this standard can be covered by local regulations, e.g. safety distances, occupational safety and health. Where there is a conflict between the requirements of this International Standard and any applicable local regulation, the local regulation always takes precedence.

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ISO 21013-3:2016 provides separate calculation methods for determining the required mass flow to be relieved for each of the following specified conditions: - vacuum-insulated vessels with insulation system (outer jacket + insulating material) intact under normal vacuum, outer jacket at ambient temperature, inner vessel at temperature of the contents at the specified relieving pressure; - vacuum-insulated vessels with insulation system (outer jacket + insulating material) intact under normal vacuum, outer jacket at ambient temperature, inner vessel at temperature of the contents at the specified relieving pressure, pressure regulator of the pressure build-up system functioning at full potential; - vacuum or non-vacuum-insulated vessels with insulation system remaining in place, but with loss of vacuum in the case of vacuum-insulated vessels, outer jacket at ambient temperature, inner vessel at temperature of the contents at the specified relieving pressure or vacuum or non-vacuum-insulated vessels with insulation system remaining fully or partially in place, but with loss of vacuum in the case of vacuum-insulated vessels, fire engulfment, inner vessel at temperature of the contents at the specified relieving pressure; - vacuum-insulated vessels containing fluids with saturation temperature below 75 K at 1 bar with insulation system remaining in place, but with loss of vacuum with air or nitrogen in the vacuum space; - vacuum insulated vessels containing fluids with saturation temperature below 75 K at 1 bar with insulation system remaining in place, but with loss of vacuum with air or nitrogen in the vacuum space with fire engulfment; - vessels with insulation system totally lost and fire engulfment. Good engineering practice based on well-established theoretical physical science needs to be adopted to determine the required mass flow where an appropriate calculation method is not provided for an applicable condition. Recommendations for pressure relief devices for cryostats are given in Annex A.

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ISO 21029-2:2015 specifies operational requirements for transportable vacuum insulated cryogenic vessels of not more than 1 000 l volume designed to operate above atmospheric pressure. Appropriate parts may be used as a guidance for a vessel design to operate open to the atmosphere.
For cryogenic vessels designed for personal medical use, other requirements can apply.
The scope includes putting into service, filling, withdrawal, transport within the location, storage, maintenance, periodic inspection, and emergency procedures.
For the transportation of these vessels by public road, rail, sea, and air, other additional requirements can apply; these are defined in specific regulations.
Transportable cryogenic vessels of not more than 1 000 l volume are often partly equipped by the manufacturer, but can be installed or re-installed by another party, such as the operator or owner. For this reason, some of the scope of ISO 21029-2:2015, which includes putting into service, inspection, filling, maintenance, and emergency procedure, overlaps with ISO 21029‑1.

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ISO 24490:2016 specifies the minimum requirements for the design, manufacture and testing of pumps for cryogenic service. ISO 24490:2016 is applicable to centrifugal pumps. However, it can be applied to other types of cryogenic pumps (e.g. reciprocating pumps), where applicable. This International Standard also gives guidance on the design of installations (see Annex A). It does not specify requirements for operation or maintenance. NOTE For cryogenic fluids, see ISO 21029‑1, ISO 20421‑1 and/or ISO 21009‑1.

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ISO 21009-2:2015 specifies operational requirements for static vacuum insulated vessels designed for a maximum allowable pressure of more than 50 kPa (0,5 bar). It may also be used as a guideline for vessels designed for a maximum allowable pressure of less than 50 kPa (0,5 bar). ISO 21009-2:2015 applies to vessels designed for cryogenic fluids specified in ISO 21009‑1. Static cryogenic vessels are often partly equipped by the manufacturer, but may be installed or re-installed by another party, such as the operator, user or owner. NOTE 1 For the installation of these vessels, additional requirements can apply; these are defined in specific regulations. NOTE 2 Some requirements of this standard can be covered by local regulations, e.g. safety distances, occupational safety and health. Where there is a conflict between the requirements of this International Standard and any applicable local regulation, the local regulation always takes precedence.

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ISO 21009-2:2015 specifies operational requirements for static vacuum insulated vessels designed for a maximum allowable pressure of more than 50 kPa (0,5 bar). It may also be used as a guideline for vessels designed for a maximum allowable pressure of less than 50 kPa (0,5 bar). ISO 21009-2:2015 applies to vessels designed for cryogenic fluids specified in ISO 21009‑1. Static cryogenic vessels are often partly equipped by the manufacturer, but may be installed or re-installed by another party, such as the operator, user or owner. NOTE 1 For the installation of these vessels, additional requirements can apply; these are defined in specific regulations. NOTE 2 Some requirements of this standard can be covered by local regulations, e.g. safety distances, occupational safety and health. Where there is a conflict between the requirements of this International Standard and any applicable local regulation, the local regulation always takes precedence.

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This European Standard specifies operational requirements for transportable vacuum insulated cryogenic vessels of not more than 1000 litres volume designed to operate above atmospheric pressure. Appropriate parts may be used as a guidance for a vessel design to operate open to the atmosphere. For small cryogenic vessels specially designed for personal medical use, this standard can be used as a guide only.

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ISO 21029-2:2015 specifies operational requirements for transportable vacuum insulated cryogenic vessels of not more than 1 000 l volume designed to operate above atmospheric pressure. Appropriate parts may be used as a guidance for a vessel design to operate open to the atmosphere. For cryogenic vessels designed for personal medical use, other requirements can apply. The scope includes putting into service, filling, withdrawal, transport within the location, storage, maintenance, periodic inspection, and emergency procedures. For the transportation of these vessels by public road, rail, sea, and air, other additional requirements can apply; these are defined in specific regulations. Transportable cryogenic vessels of not more than 1 000 l volume are often partly equipped by the manufacturer, but can be installed or re-installed by another party, such as the operator or owner. For this reason, some of the scope of ISO 21029-2:2015, which includes putting into service, inspection, filling, maintenance, and emergency procedure, overlaps with ISO 21029‑1.

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ISO 12209:2013 specifies the characteristics of outlet connections for gas cylinder valves for compressed breathable air gas cylinders. It states the fundamental requirements for both; the connection and its components and includes basic dimensions. Included in ISO 12209:2013 the following connections:
a) yoke type outlet connection for SCUBA use up to a maximum cylinder working pressure of 232 bar;
b) threaded type outlet connections up to a maximum cylinder working pressure of 232 bar and 300 bar; and
c) threaded type outlet connection for SCUBA use up to a maximum cylinder working pressure of 232 bar including adaptor for users to convert into a yoke type outlet.
Annex A gives the outlet connection type test procedures.
Requirements for cylinder valves (see ISO 10297) are not covered by ISO 12209:2013.
Requirements for material specifications and gas/material compatibility (see ISO 11114‑1 and ISO 11114‑2) are not covered by ISO 12209:2013.

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ISO 12991:2012 specifies the construction requirements for refillable fuel tanks for liquefied natural gas (LNG) used in vehicles as well as the testing methods required to ensure that a reasonable level of protection from loss of life and property resulting from fire and explosion is provided. It is applicable to fuel tanks intended to be permanently attached to land vehicles but can be used as a guide for other modes of transport.

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ISO 21013-4:2012 specifies the requirements for the design, manufacture and testing of pilot operated pressure relief valves for cryogenic service, i.e. for operation with cryogenic fluids in addition to operation at temperatures from ambient to cryogenic. It is restricted to valves not exceeding a size of DN 300 designed to relieve single phase vapours, gases, or mixtures of gases and/or vapours.

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This European Standard specifies the requirements for the design, manufacture and testing of safety valves for cryogenic service, that is to say for operation with cryogenic fluids (as defined in EN 1251-1) below – 10 °C in addition to operation at ambient temperature. It is a requirement of this European Standard that the valves comply with EN ISO 4126 1 or EN ISO 4126-4. In the event of different requirements, the requirements for cryogenic service shall be applied.
NOTE 1   A cryogenic fluid (refrigerated liquefied gas) is a gas which is partially liquid because of its low temperature (including totally evaporated liquids and supercritical fluids).
This European Standard is restricted to valves not exceeding a size of DN 100 for category B. The valves of category A are limited to DN 25 and set pressures up to 40 bars. Both categories are designed to relieve single phase vapours or gases. A valve can be specified, constructed and tested such that it is suitable for use with more than one gas or with mixtures of gases.
NOTE 2   All safety valves covered in this European Standard correspond to category IV of PED (Directive 97/23/EC) and category 3 of TPED (Directive 99/36/EC).
NOTE 3   This European Standard does not provide methods for determining the capacity of relief valve(s) for a particular cryogenic vessel. Such methods are provided in EN 13648 3.

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This European Standard specifies the requirements for the design, manufacture and testing of valves for cryogenic service, i.e. for operation with cryogenic fluids (as defined in EN 1251-1) below - 10 °C as well as at ambient conditions to allow for start-up and run-down. It specifies additional requirements for cryogenic service for the appropriate valve product standard.
NOTE   a cryogenic fluid (refrigerated liquefied gas) is a gas which is partially liquid because of its low temperature (including totally evaporated liquids and supercritical fluids).
It applies to sizes up to DN 150 including vacuum jacketed cryogenic valves.
This European Standard is not applicable to safety valves and valves for liquefied natural gas (LNG).
It is intended that the valve be designed and tested to satisfy a pressure rating (PN or Class). Valves may then be selected with a PN or Class equal to or greater than the maximum allowable pressure (PS) of the equipment with  which it is to be used.

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