This document specifies a method for the determination of rheological properties by uniaxial compression at constant displacement rate in hard and semi-hard cheeses. The method provides standard conditions for sampling and testing, for data representation and general principles of calculation. NOTE Sampling can be difficult with some cheese varieties, e.g. caused by shortness, brittleness, stickiness and soft consistency. In these cases, reliable results cannot be achieved.

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This document specifies a method for the determination of the fat content of all types of cheese and processed cheese products containing lactose of below 5 % (mass fraction) of non-fat solids, and all types of caseins and caseinates.
The method is not applicable to fresh cheese types containing, for example, fruits, syrup or muesli. For such products, the Schmid-Bondzynski-Ratzlaff (SBR) principle is not applicable due to high concentrations of sugars. For these products, the method using the Weibull-Berntrop principle (see ISO 8262-3 | IDF 124-3) is appropriate.

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This document gives guidance on the sample preparation of fresh cheese, (semi)soft cheese, (semi)hard cheese, processed cheese and whey cheese for physical and chemical analysis, including analysis by applying instrumental methods.
This document describes the (sub)sampling, and sample preparation steps carried out after sampling according to ISO 707 | IDF 50 and prior to method-specific sample preparations, e.g. as with analytical methods listed in References [2] to [22].
NOTE            Analysis on volatile substances, minor components or allergens can require additional precautionary measures in sample preparation in order to avoid loss of or contamination with one or more target analytes.

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This document specifies a method for the determination of the fat content of all types of cheese and
processed cheese products containing lactose of below 5 % (mass fraction) of non-fat solids, and all
types of caseins and caseinates.
The method is not applicable to fresh cheese types containing, for example, fruits, syrup or muesli.
For such products, the Schmid-Bondzynski-Ratzlaff (SBR) principle is not applicable due to high
concentrations of sugars. For these products, the method using the Weibull-Berntrop principle (see
ISO 8262-3 | IDF 124-3[4]) is appropriate.

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This document specifies a method for the determination of the fat content of all types of cheese and processed cheese products containing lactose of below 5 % (mass fraction) of non-fat solids, and all types of caseins and caseinates. The method is not applicable to fresh cheese types containing, for example, fruits, syrup or muesli. For such products, the Schmid-Bondzynski-Ratzlaff (SBR) principle is not applicable due to high concentrations of sugars. For these products, the method using the Weibull-Berntrop principle (see ISO 8262-3 | IDF 124-3) is appropriate.

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This document gives guidance on the sample preparation of fresh cheese, (semi)soft cheese, (semi)hard
cheese, processed cheese and whey cheese for physical and chemical analysis, including analysis by
applying instrumental methods.
This document describes the (sub)sampling, and sample preparation steps carried out after sampling
according to ISO 707 | IDF 50 and prior to method-specific sample preparations, e.g. as with analytical
methods listed in References [2] to [22].
NOTE Analysis on volatile substances, minor components or allergens can require additional precautionary
measures in sample preparation in order to avoid loss of or contamination with one or more target analytes.

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This document gives guidance on the sample preparation of fresh cheese, (semi)soft cheese, (semi)hard cheese, processed cheese and whey cheese for physical and chemical analysis, including analysis by applying instrumental methods. This document describes the (sub)sampling, and sample preparation steps carried out after sampling according to ISO 707 | IDF 50 and prior to method-specific sample preparations, e.g. as with analytical methods listed in References [2] to [22]. NOTE Analysis on volatile substances, minor components or allergens can require additional precautionary measures in sample preparation in order to avoid loss of or contamination with one or more target analytes.

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ISO 9233-2 | IDF 140-2:2018 specifies a method for the determination of natamycin mass fraction in cheese, cheese rind and processed cheese of above 0,5 mg/kg and of the surface-area-related natamycin mass in cheese rind of above 0,03 mg/dm2.

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ISO 9233-1 | IDF 140-1:2018 specifies a method for the determination in cheese rind of natamycin mass fraction of above 0,5 mg/kg and surface-area-related natamycin mass of above 0,03 mg/dm2.
NOTE       It is possible that the method is suitable for detecting migration of natamycin into the cheese.

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This document specifies a method for the determination of natamycin mass fraction in cheese, cheese
rind and processed cheese of above 0,5 mg/kg and of the surface-area-related natamycin mass in
cheese rind of above 0,03 mg/dm2.

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This document specifies a method for the determination in cheese rind of natamycin mass fraction of
above 0,5 mg/kg and surface-area-related natamycin mass of above 0,03 mg/dm2.
NOTE It is possible that the method is suitable for detecting migration of natamycin into the cheese.

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ISO 9233-1 | IDF 140-1:2018 specifies a method for the determination in cheese rind of natamycin mass fraction of above 0,5 mg/kg and surface-area-related natamycin mass of above 0,03 mg/dm2. NOTE It is possible that the method is suitable for detecting migration of natamycin into the cheese.

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ISO 9233-2 | IDF 140-2:2018 specifies a method for the determination of natamycin mass fraction in cheese, cheese rind and processed cheese of above 0,5 mg/kg and of the surface-area-related natamycin mass in cheese rind of above 0,03 mg/dm2.

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ISO/TS 19046-1| IDF/RM 233-1:2017 specifies a method for the determination of propionic acid level in cheese, using gas chromatography.

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ISO/TS 19046-2 | IDF/RM 233-2:2017 specifies a method for the determination of propionic acid level in cheese, using ion exchange chromatography.

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ISO 11816-2:2016|IDF 155-2:2016 specifies a fluorimetric method for the determination of alkaline phosphatase (ALP, EC 3.1.3.1) activity in cheese.
This method is applicable to soft cheeses, semi-hard and hard cheeses provided that the mould is only on the surface of the cheese and not also in the inner part (e.g. blue veined cheeses). For large hard cheeses, specific conditions of sampling apply (see Clause 7).
The instrument can read activities in the supernatant up to 7 000 milliunits per litre (mU/l).

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This part of ISO 11816|IDF 155 specifies a fluorimetric method for the determination of alkaline
phosphatase (ALP, EC 3.1.3.1) activity in cheese.
This method is applicable to soft cheeses, semi-hard and hard cheeses provided that the mould is only
on the surface of the cheese and not also in the inner part (e.g. blue veined cheeses). For large hard
cheeses, specific conditions of sampling apply (see Clause 7).
The instrument can read activities in the supernatant up to 7 000 milliunits per litre (mU/l).

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ISO 11816-2:2016|IDF 155-2:2016 specifies a fluorimetric method for the determination of alkaline phosphatase (ALP, EC 3.1.3.1) activity in cheese. This method is applicable to soft cheeses, semi-hard and hard cheeses provided that the mould is only on the surface of the cheese and not also in the inner part (e.g. blue veined cheeses). For large hard cheeses, specific conditions of sampling apply (see Clause 7). The instrument can read activities in the supernatant up to 7 000 milliunits per litre (mU/l).

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This International Standard specifies the reference method for the determination of the total solids content of cheese and processed cheese. NOTE This method may not be applicable to processed cheese preparations as defined in the FAO/WHO Code of Principles Standard A-8.

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2013-05-15 LVO: Text arrived in ISO/CS (see notification of 2013-05-13 in dataservice).

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ISO/TS 18083|IDF/RM 51:2013 specifies the calculation of the approximate content of phosphorus from added phosphate salts and phosphorus containing pH-regulating agents in processed cheese products. The method is applicable to processed cheese products derived mainly from cheese varieties with a P/N ratio of 0,12 ± 0,02 and containing no ingredients in quantities substantially affecting the P/N ratio of the cheese raw material.

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ISO 27871|IDF 224:2011 specifies a method for determining the nitrogenous fractions in cheeses and processed cheese from cow milk.

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ISO 2962|IDF 33:2010 specifies a molecular absorption spectrometric method for the determination of the total phosphorus content of cheese. The method is applicable to all kinds of cheese and to processed cheese products.

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ISO/TS 27106|IDF/RM 217:2009 specifies a method for the quantitative determination of the nisin A content in cheese. The method is suitable for measuring low levels of nisin A with a quantification limit of 1 mg/kg.

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ISO 1854¦IDF 59:2008 specifies the reference method for the determination of fat content of whey cheese.
The method is not applicable to products which do not dissolve completely in ammonia solution or which contain free fatty acids in significant quantities.

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This International Standard specifies the reference method for the determination of fat content of whey cheese. The method i s not applicable to products which do not dissolve completely in ammonia solution or which contain free fatty acids in signi ficant quantities.

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ISO 3432│IDF 221:2008 specifies the characteristics of a butyrometer (including stoppers) for the determination of the fat content, in the range 0 % mass fraction to 40 % mass fraction, of cheese by the Van Gulik method and illustrates suitable devices for weighing and introducing the cheese test portion.

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ISO 3433│IDF 222:2008 specifies the Van Gulik method for the determination of the fat content, as a mass fraction, of cheese. This method is applicable to all types of cheese. However, it may not give completely satisfactory results when applied to cheeses with an internal mould (blue-veined cheeses).

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This International Standard specifies a potentiometric titration method for the determination of the chloride content of cheese and processed cheese products. The method is applicable to all cheeses and processed cheese products containing more than 0,2 % (mass fraction) of chloride ion.

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ISO 12082|IDF 52:2006 specifies a method for the calculation of the approximate content of added citrate emulsifying agents and acidifiers/pH-controlling agents, expressed as citric acid, in processed cheese and processed cheese products. The method is applicable to those processed cheeses and processed cheese products that contain no major ingredients with an appreciable content of citric acid, other than milk powder and/or whey powder.

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ISO 5943|IDF 88:2006 specifies a potentiometric titration method for the determination of the chloride content of cheese and processed cheese products. The method is applicable to all cheeses and processed cheese products containing more than 0,2 % (mass fraction) of chloride ion.

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ISO/TS 2963|IDF/RM 34:2006 specifies an enzymatic method for the determination of the citric acid content of cheese and processed cheese products.

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ISO 5534|IDF 4:2004 specifies the reference method for the determination of the total solids content of cheese and processed cheese.

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ISO 1740|IDF 6:2004 specifies a method for the determination of the acidity of the fat contained in milkfat products and in butter.

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ISO 2920|IDF 58:2004 specifies a reference method for the determination of the dry matter of whey cheese.

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This International Standard specifies the reference method for the determination of the total solids content of cheese and processed cheese. NOTE This method may not be applicable to processed cheese preparations as defined in the FAO/WHO Code of Principles Standard A-8.

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ISO 5534|IDF 4:2004 specifies the reference method for the determination of the total solids content of cheese and processed cheese.

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ISO 5765-1|IDF 79-1:2002 specifies an enzymatic method for the determination of the lactose content of all types of dried milk, of ice-mixes in dry form in the presence of other carbohydrates and reducing substances, and of processed cheese.

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ISO 5765-2|IDF 79-2:2002 specifies an enzymatic method for the determination of the lactose content of all types of dried milk, of ice-mixes in dry form in the presence of other carbohydrates and reducing substances, and of processed cheese.

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ISO 11816-2:2016|IDF 155-2:2016 specifies a fluorimetric method for the determination of alkaline phosphatase (ALP, EC 3.1.3.1) activity in cheese.
This method is applicable to soft cheeses, semi-hard and hard cheeses provided that the mould is only on the surface of the cheese and not also in the inner part (e.g. blue veined cheeses). For large hard cheeses, specific conditions of sampling apply (see Clause 7).
The instrument can read activities in the supernatant up to 7 000 milliunits per litre (mU/l).

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ISO 11816-2:2016|IDF 155-2:2016 specifies a fluorimetric method for the determination of alkaline phosphatase (ALP, EC 3.1.3.1) activity in cheese.
This method is applicable to soft cheeses, semi-hard and hard cheeses provided that the mould is only on the surface of the cheese and not also in the inner part (e.g. blue veined cheeses). For large hard cheeses, specific conditions of sampling apply (see Clause 7).
The instrument can read activities in the supernatant up to 7 000 milliunits per litre (mU/l).

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This Standard specifies the reference method for the determination of fat content in cheeses and processed cheese.

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ISO 1735|IDF 5:2004 specifies the reference method for the determination of the fat content of all types of cheese and processed cheese products having lactose contents of below 5 % (mass fraction) of non-fat solids.

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This part of ISO 9233|IDF 140 specifies a method for the determination in cheese rind of natamycin mass fraction of above 0,5 mg/kg and surface-area-related natamycin mass of above 0,03 mg/dm2.

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This part of ISO 9233|IDF 140 specifies a method for the determination of natamycin mass fraction in cheese, cheese rind and processed cheese of above 0,5 mg/kg and of the surface-area-related natamycin mass in cheese rind of above 0,03 mg/dm2.

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ISO 9233-2|IDF 140-2:2007 specifies a method for the determination of natamycin mass fraction in cheese, cheese rind and processed cheese of above 0,5 mg/kg and of the surface-area-related natamycin mass in cheese rind of above 0,03 mg/dm2.

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ISO 9233-1|IDF 140-1:2007 specifies a method for the determination in cheese rind of natamycin mass fraction of above 0,5 mg/kg and surface-area-related natamycin mass of above 0,03 mg/dm2.

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ISO 11816-2|IDF 155-2:2003 specifies a fluorometric method for the determination of alkaline phosphatase activity in cheese.
This method is also applicable to soft cheeses and semi-hard cheeses for distinguishing raw milk cheeses from cheese produced with pasteurized milk, provided that the mould is only on the surface and not also in the inner part (e.g. blue-veined cheeses). This method can also be used to check the proper pasteurization of cheese or its raw material.
In large hard cheeses where the whey curd mixture is scalded at temperatures above 50 degrees Celsius, high temperatures remain for a relatively long time. This is especially the case in the centre of these cheeses, thus promoting phosphatase inactivation. To distinguish, therefore, between hard cheeses from raw milk and hard cheeses from pasteurized milk is difficult and often even impossible by this method.

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ISO 11816-2|IDF 155-2:2003 specifies a fluorometric method for the determination of alkaline phosphatase activity in cheese.
This method is also applicable to soft cheeses and semi-hard cheeses for distinguishing raw milk cheeses from cheese produced with pasteurized milk, provided that the mould is only on the surface and not also in the inner part (e.g. blue-veined cheeses). This method can also be used to check the proper pasteurization of cheese or its raw material.
In large hard cheeses where the whey curd mixture is scalded at temperatures above 50 degrees Celsius, high temperatures remain for a relatively long time. This is especially the case in the centre of these cheeses, thus promoting phosphatase inactivation. To distinguish, therefore, between hard cheeses from raw milk and hard cheeses from pasteurized milk is difficult and often even impossible by this method.

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