SIST EN ISO 13196:2015
(Main)Soil quality - Screening soils for selected elements by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry using a handheld or portable instrument (ISO 13196:2013)
Soil quality - Screening soils for selected elements by energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry using a handheld or portable instrument (ISO 13196:2013)
This International Standard specifies the procedure for screening soils and soil-like materials for selected elements when handheld or portable energy-dispersive XRF spectrometers are used. This quick method is assumed to be applied on-site to obtain qualitative or semiquantitative data that assists decisions on further sampling strategy for assessing soil quality. The higher the efforts for pretreatment used on soil samples, the better the analytical results can be expected (see e.g. Reference[4]).
This International Standard does not explicitly specify elements for which it is applicable, since the applicability depends on the performance of the apparatus and the objective of the screening. The elements which can be determined are limited by the performance of the instruments used, the concentration of the element present in the soil, and the requirements of the investigation (e.g. guideline value).
For Hg, Cd, Co, Mo, V and Sb, a majority of instruments are not sensitive enough to reach sufficiently low limits of quantification (LOQ) to meet the requirements (limit or threshold values) set in the ordinances of different countries. In this case, other methods need to be employed to measure these low concentrations. Usually, wet chemical methods are used, based on aqua regia extracts, in combination with optical or mass spectrometric (MS) methods like atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES) or ICP–MS.
Bodenbeschaffenheit - Screening ausgewählter Elemente in Böden mit handhaltbaren oder tragbaren Röntgenfluoreszenzspektrometern (ISO 13196:2013)
Diese Internationale Norm legt das Screening-Verfahren für Böden und bodenähnliche Materialien für ausge-wählte Elemente fest, wenn handhaltbare oder tragbare energiedispersive RFA-Spektrometer angewendet werden. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass dieses Schnellverfahren vor Ort angewendet wird, um qualitative oder semiquantitative Daten zu erhalten, die die Entscheidungen in Bezug auf die weitere Probenahme¬strategie zur Bestimmung der Bodenbeschaffenheit unterstützen. Je höher die Aufwendungen für die Vorbehandlung der Bodenproben sind, desto bessere analytische Ergebnisse können erwartet werden (siehe z. B. Verweisung [4]).
Diese Internationale Norm legt ausdrücklich keine bestimmten Elemente fest, für die sie gilt, da die Anwendbarkeit von der Leistungsfähigkeit des Gerätes und vom Ziel des Screenings abhängt. Die Elemente, die bestimmt werden können, sind begrenzt durch die Leistungsfähigkeit der angewendeten Messgeräte, die Konzentration der im Boden vorhandenen Elemente und durch die Anforderungen der Untersuchung (z. B. Richtwert).
Die Mehrzahl der Messgeräte ist gegenüber Hg, Cd, Co, Mo, V und Sb nicht empfindlich genug, um aus¬reichend niedrige Bestimmungsgrenzen (LOQ) zu erreichen, um die in den Verordnungen der verschiedenen Länder festgelegten Anforderungen (Grenz- oder Schwellenwerte) zu erfüllen. In diesem Fall müssen zur Messung dieser geringen Konzentrationen andere Verfahren eingesetzt werden. Üblicherweise werden nasschemische Verfahren, die auf Königswasserextrakten beruhen, in Kombination mit optischen oder massenspektroskopischen (MS) Verfahren, wie Atomabsorptions-Spektrometrie (AAS), optische Emissions-spektrometrie mit induktiv gekoppeltem Plasma (ICP-OES) oder ICP-MS angewendet.
Qualité du sol - Analyse rapide d'une sélection d'éléments dans les sols à l'aide d'un spectromètre de fluorescence X à dispersion d'énergie portable ou portatif (ISO 13196:2013)
L'ISO 13196:2013 spécifie la procédure d'analyse rapide d'une sélection d'éléments dans les sols et matériaux similaires lorsque l'on utilise des spectromètres XRF à dispersion d'énergie portables ou portatifs. Cette méthode rapide est supposée être appliquée sur site pour obtenir des données qualitatives ou semi-quantitatives qui aident notamment à décider de la stratégie d'échantillonnage plus poussée pour évaluer la qualité du sol. Plus les efforts de traitement préalable des échantillons de sol sont importants plus on peut s'attendre à des résultats d'analyse de qualité.
L'ISO 13196:2013 ne spécifie pas de façon explicite les éléments pour lesquels elle est applicable dans la mesure où ses possibilités d'application dépendent des performances de l'appareil, des caractéristiques du sol et des objectifs du diagnostic. Les éléments qui peuvent être déterminés sont limités par la performance des instruments utilisés, la concentration de l'élément présent dans le sol, et les exigences de l'investigation (par exemple la valeur de référence).
Pour Hg, Cd, Co, Mo, V et Sb, la majorité des instruments n'est pas assez sensible pour atteindre des limites de quantification assez basses (LOQ) pour satisfaire les exigences (valeurs limites ou seuils) mises en place par décret dans différents pays. Dans ce cas, d'autres méthodes doivent être utilisées pour mesurer ces basses concentrations. En règle générale, des méthodes chimiques par voie humide sont utilisées, fondées sur des extraits d'eau régale, en combinaison avec des méthodes de spectrométrie de masse ou optiques telles que AAS, ICP-OES ou ICP-MS.
Kakovost tal - Presejalna analiza tal za izbrane elemente z energijsko-disperzijsko rentgensko fluorescenčno spektrometrijo z uporabo ročnega ali prenosnega instrumenta (ISO 13196:2013)
Ta mednarodni standard določa postopek za presejalno analizo tal ali materialov, ki so podobni tlom, za izbrane elemente z energijsko-disperzijsko rentgensko fluorescenčno spektrometrijo z uporabo ročnega ali prenosnega instrumenta. Ta hitra metoda naj bi se uporabljala na kraju samem za pridobivanje kvalitativnih ali polkvantitativnih podatkov, ki pomagajo pri izbiri nadaljnje strategije vzorčenja za ocenjevanje kakovosti tal. Večja kot so prizadevanja za predhodno obdelavo vzorcev tal, boljši bodo analitski rezultati (glej na primer Reference [4]). Ta mednarodni standard ne določa izrecno elementov, za katere se uporablja, ker je njegova veljavnost odvisna od zmogljivosti naprave in cilja presejanja. Elementi, ki jih je mogoče določiti, so omejeni glede na zmogljivost uporabljenih instrumentov, koncentracijo elementa v tleh in zahteve za preiskavo (npr. referenčna vrednost). Za Hg, Cd, Co, Mo, V in Sb večina instrumentov ni dovolj občutljivih, da bi se dosegle dovolj nizke meje kvantifikacije (LOQ) za izpolnitev zahtev (mejnih vrednosti), določenih v uredbah različnih držav. V tem primeru je treba uporabiti druge metode za merjenje teh nizkih koncentracij. Običajno se uporabijo mokre kemijske metode, ki temeljijo na izvlečkih zlatotopke v kombinaciji z metodami optične ali masne spektometrije (MS), kot je atomska absorpcijska spektrometrija (AAS), optična emisijska spektrometrija z induktivno sklopljeno plazmo (ICP–OES) ali ICP–MS.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 13196:2015
01-oktober-2015
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Soil quality - Screening soils for selected elements by energy-dispersive X-ray
fluorescence spectrometry using a handheld or portable instrument (ISO 13196:2013)
Bodenbeschaffenheit - Screening ausgewählter Elemente in Böden mit handhaltbaren
oder tragbaren Röntgenfluoreszenzspektrometern (ISO 13196:2013)
Qualité du sol - Analyse rapide d'une sélection d'éléments dans les sols à l'aide d'un
spectromètre de fluorescence X à dispersion d'énergie portable ou portatif (ISO
13196:2013)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 13196:2015
ICS:
13.080.10 .HPLMVNH]QDþLOQRVWLWDO Chemical characteristics of
soils
SIST EN ISO 13196:2015 en,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN ISO 13196:2015
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SIST EN ISO 13196:2015
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 13196
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2015
ICS 13.080.10
English Version
Soil quality - Screening soils for selected elements by energy-
dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry using a handheld or
portable instrument (ISO 13196:2013)
Qualité du sol - Analyse rapide d'une sélection d'éléments Bodenbeschaffenheit - Screening ausgewählter Elemente in
dans les sols à l'aide d'un spectromètre de fluorescence X à Böden mit handhaltbaren oder tragbaren
dispersion d'énergie portable ou portatif (ISO 13196:2013) Röntgenfluoreszenzspektrometern (ISO 13196:2013)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 16 July 2015.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 13196:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN ISO 13196:2015
EN ISO 13196:2015 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword .3
2
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SIST EN ISO 13196:2015
EN ISO 13196:2015 (E)
European foreword
The text of ISO 13196:2013 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190 “Soil quality” of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 13196:2015 by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 345 “Characterization of soils” the secretariat of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by January 2016.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 13196:2013 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 13196:2015 without any modification.
3
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SIST EN ISO 13196:2015
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SIST EN ISO 13196:2015
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 13196
First edition
2013-03-01
Soil quality — Screening soils
for selected elements by energy-
dispersive X-ray fluorescence
spectrometry using a handheld or
portable instrument
Qualité du sol — Analyse rapide d’une sélection d’éléments dans
les sols à l’aide d’un spectromètre de fluorescence X à dispersion
d’énergie portable ou portatif
Reference number
ISO 13196:2013(E)
©
ISO 2013
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SIST EN ISO 13196:2015
ISO 13196:2013(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2013
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
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ISO copyright office
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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 13196:2015
ISO 13196:2013(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus . 2
5.1 X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF) . 2
5.2 Container for sampling and preparation . 2
5.3 Spoon . 2
5.4 Sieve (optional) . 2
5.5 Sample cup for portable XRF . 2
5.6 Sample container for handheld XRF . 2
5.7 Drying device (optional) . 2
6 Procedure. 3
6.1 General . 3
6.2 Performance check of instrument . 3
6.3 Calibration . 3
6.4 In situ measurement . 3
6.5 Analysis of soil with sampling . 4
7 Quality control . 4
7.1 Performance test by standard reference material . 4
7.2 Energy calibration . 5
8 Test report . 5
Annex A (informative) Precision data . 6
Bibliography .12
© ISO 2013 – All rights reserved iii
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SIST EN ISO 13196:2015
ISO 13196:2013(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 13196 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 190, Soil quality, Subcommittee SC 3, Chemical
methods and soil characteristics.
iv © ISO 2013 – All rights reserved
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SIST EN ISO 13196:2015
ISO 13196:2013(E)
Introduction
X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) is a quick method for determination of total elemental
compositions of soil samples. Unlike analyses by atomic absorption spectroscopy and inductively coupled
plasma spectroscopy, XRF needs no digestion step to prepare a test solution to be analysed. Factory pre-
set calibrations can be used. Consequently XRF is suitable for the rapid on-site determination of selected
elements, mainly heavy metals in screening processes. Typical elements that can be analysed are Cr, As,
Se, Cd, Hg and Pb, depending on the instrument. For in situ or abbreviated preparation analyses at a site,
a battery-powered handheld or portable XRF equipment is required.
When performing analyses at a site, it might be important to have information on the presence of an element
and also obtain semiquantitative results. It is often impracticable to carry out calibration using reference
materials at the site to be investigated. In these situations, factory pre-set calibrations should be used.
This International Standard describes rapid methods for the on-site analysis of selected elements,
including heavy metals, using battery-powered handheld or portable energy-dispersive XRF (ED–XRF).
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SIST EN ISO 13196:2015
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SIST EN ISO 13196:2015
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 13196:2013(E)
Soil quality — Screening soils for selected elements by
energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry using a
handheld or portable instrument
WARNING — Soil samples may contain toxic contaminants. Avoid direct contact of soil samples with
exposed parts of the body. Appropriate measures shall be taken to avoid ingestion and inhalation.
Exposure to X-rays may give rise to dermal and haematological diseases. X-ray fluorescence
spectrometers shall comply with national regulations relevant to radiation protection. At least
one person involved in X-ray fluorescence analysis shall qualify for managing or supervising the
operation of X-ray apparatus according to national regulations.
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies the procedure for screening soils and soil-like materials for selected
elements when handheld or portable energy-dispersive XRF spectrometers are used. This quick method
is assumed to be applied on-site to obtain qualitative or semiquantitative data that assists decisions on
further sampling strategy for assessing soil quality. The higher the efforts for pretreatment used on soil
[4]
samples, the better the analytical results can be expected (see e.g. Reference ).
This International Standard does not explicitly specify elements for which it is applicable, since the
applicability depends on the performance of the apparatus and the objective of the screening. The elements
which can be determined are limited by the performance of the instruments used, the concentration of
the element present in the soil, and the requirements of the investigation (e.g. guideline value).
For Hg, Cd, Co, Mo, V and Sb, a majority of instruments are not sensitive enough to reach sufficiently
low limits of quantification (LOQ) to meet the requirements (limit or threshold values) set in the
ordinances of different countries. In this case, other methods need to be employed to measure these low
concentrations. Usually, wet chemical methods are used, based on aqua regia extracts, in combination
with optical or mass spectrometric (MS) methods like atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS),
inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP–OES) or ICP–MS.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12404, Soil quality — Guidance on the selection and application of screening methods
EN 15309, Characterization of waste and soil — Determination of elemental composition by X-ray fluorescence
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
fundamental parameter approach
method to obtain element composition through successive approximation of the theoretical X-ray
fluorescence intensities to the measured X-ray fluorescence intensities
Note 1 to entry: The calculation of the theoretical X-ray fluorescence intensities is carried out based on assumed
element composition, theoretical parameters and pre-determined sensitivity coefficients of the X-ray fluorescence
spectrometer.
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SIST EN ISO 13196:2015
ISO 13196:2013(E)
3.2
handheld XRF spectrometer
XRF spectrometer which can be used for in-situ analysis by handheld operation
3.3
portable XRF spectrometer
XRF spectrometer for samples taken out of a site, which can be carried to the site by hand
4 Principle
The concentration of selected elements in soil is determined using a handheld or portable XRF in the
field. Element concentrations are measured after sampling and limited pretreatment or directly in situ.
5 Apparatus
5.1 X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (XRF)
Appropriate battery-powered handheld or portable energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence
spectrometer (ED–XRF).
5.2 Container for sampling and preparation
A plastic cup or tray that can accommodate a sufficient amount of soil sample. The plastic material shall
be strong enough to hold aggregates while crushing them by pressing.
5.3 Spoon
A non-metal spoon (e.g. plastic, ceramic) to take soil samples from sites and to disaggregate t
...
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