SIST EN 1363-1:2012
(Main)Fire resistance tests - Part 1: General Requirements
Fire resistance tests - Part 1: General Requirements
This European Standard establishes the general principles for determining the fire resistance of various elements of construction when subjected to standard fire exposure conditions. Alternative and additional procedures to meet special requirements are given in EN 1363-2. The principle that has been embodied within all European Standards relating to fire resistance testing is that where aspects and procedures of testing are common to all specific test methods e.g. the temperature/time curve, then they are specified in this test method. Where a general principle is common to many specific test methods but the details vary according to the element being tested (e.g. the measurement of unexposed face temperature), then the principle is given in this document, but the details are given in the specific test method. Where certain aspects of testing are unique to a particular specific test method (e.g. the air leakage test for fire dampers), then no details are included in this document. The test results obtained might be directly applicable to other similar elements, or variations of the element tested. The extent to which this application is permitted depends upon the field of direct application of the test result. This is restricted by the provision of rules which limit the variation from the tested specimen without further evaluation. The rules for determining the permitted variations are given in each specific test method. Variations outside those permitted by direct application are covered under extended application of test results. This results from an in-depth review of the design and performance of a particular product in test(s) by a recognised authority. Further consideration on direct and extended application is given in Annex A. The duration for which the tested element, as modified by its direct or extended field of application, satisfies specific criteria will permit subsequent classification. All values given in this Standard are nominal unless otherwise specified.
Feuerwiderstandsprüfungen - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen
Dieser Teil der EN 1363 stellt allgemeine Grundsätze für die Bestimmung der Feuerwiderstandsdauer von verschiedenartigen Bauteilen auf, die unter genormten Bedingungen dem Feuer ausgesetzt werden. Alternative und ergänzende Verfahren zur Erfüllung besonderer Anforderungen sind in EN 1363 2 angegeben.
Alle Europäischen Normen zur Feuerwiderstandsprüfung folgen dem Prinzip, dass Aspekte und Durchführungen, die für alle spezifischen Prüfverfahren gemeinsam gelten, z. B. die Temperaturzeitkurve, in diesem Prüfverfahren festgelegt sind. Gilt für viele spezifische Prüfverfahren ein gemeinsames Prinzip und variiert jedoch ein Detail in Abhängigkeit vom zu prüfenden Bauteil, z. B. die Messung der Temperatur auf der unbeflammten Seite, dann ist dieses Prinzip in der vorliegenden Norm enthalten, das Detail ist jedoch im spezifischen Prüfverfahren angegeben. Sind bei einem bestimmten spezifischen Prüfverfahren bestimmte Aspekte der Prüfung für dieses Prüfverfahren einmalig, z. B. die Prüfung der Leckrate bei Brandschutz-klappen, dann sind keine Details im vorliegenden Dokument enthalten.
Die erzielten Prüfergebnisse dürfen direkt auf andere ähnliche Bauteile oder Varianten des geprüften Bauteils angewandt werden. Der Umfang, in dem die Übertragung dieser Ergebnisse zulässig ist, wird im Abschnitt „Direkter Anwendungsbereich von Prüfergebnissen“ behandelt. Das beschränkt sich auf die Bereitstellung von Regeln, die die Abweichungen vom geprüften Probekörper ohne weitere Beurteilung begrenzen. Die Regeln zur Bestimmung zulässiger Abweichungen sind zu jedem spezifischen Prüfverfahren angegeben.
Abweichungen, die nicht vom direkten Anwendungsbereich zugelassen sind, werden im “Erweiterten Anwendungsbereich von Prüfergebnissen“ behandelt. Dies ergibt sich aus einer eingehenden Überprüfung der besonderen Produktausführung und des Leistungsverhaltens bei Prüfungen durch eine anerkannte Stelle. Weitere Betrachtungen zum direkten und erweiterten Anwendungsbereich sind in Anhang A angegeben.
Die Zeitdauer, innerhalb der das geprüfte Bauteil die entsprechenden Kriterien erfüllt, erlaubt die anschließende Klassifizierung dieses Bauteils, einschließlich der durch den direkten oder erweiterten Anwendungsbereich möglichen Modifizierungen.
Falls nichts anderes festgelegt ist, sind sämtliche in dieser Norm angegebenen Werte Nennwerte.
Essais de résistance au feu - Partie 1: Exigences générales
résistance au feu de divers éléments de construction lorsqu'ils sont soumis à des conditions normalisées
d'exposition au feu. Des variantes et des modes opératoires supplémentaires pour répondre à des
prescriptions spéciales sont donnés dans la norme EN 1363-2.
Le principe qui a été retenu dans toutes les Normes européennes se rapportant aux essais de résistance au
feu est que, dans tous les cas où les caractéristiques et les modes opératoires des essais sont communs à
toutes les méthodes d'essais spécifiques (la courbe de température en fonction du temps par exemple), ils
sont alors prescrits dans la présente méthode d'essai. Dans le cas où un principe général est commun à de
nombreuses méthodes d'essai spécifiques mais varie dans le détail en fonction de l'élément soumis aux
essais (par exemple le mesurage de la température sur la face non exposée), le principe est alors donné dans
le présent document mais les détails sont indiqués dans la méthode d'essai spécifique. Dans le cas où
certains aspects des essais intéressent exclusivement une méthode d'essai spécifique particulière (essai de
fuite d'air pour les clapets coupe-feu par exemple), aucun détail ne figure alors dans le présent document.
Il est permis d'appliquer directement les résultats obtenus lors des essais à d'autres éléments similaires ou à
des variantes de l'élément soumis aux essais. La mesure dans laquelle cela est admis est indiquée dans le
domaine d'application directe des résultats de l'essai. Ce point est limité à la définition de règles fixant la
variation par rapport à l'élément d’essai soumise aux essais sans autre évaluation. Les règles à suivre pour
déterminer les variations admises sont données dans chaque méthode d'essai spécifique.
Les variations en dehors de celles admises par l'application directe sont couvertes dans le cadre d'une
application étendue des résultats d'essai. Celle-ci résulte d'un examen approfondi, par une autorité reconnue,
de la conception du produit particulier et de son comportement au cours d'un ou plusieurs essais. Dans
l'Annexe A sont indiquées d'autres considérations sur les applications directes et étendues.
La durée pendant laquelle l'élément soumis aux essais, modifié par son domaine d'application directe ou
étendue, satisfait les critères spécifiques, permettra d'établir sa classification appropriée.
Sauf indication contraire, toutes les valeurs données dans la présente norme sont des valeurs nominales.
Preskusi požarne odpornosti - 1. del: Splošne zahteve
Ta evropski standard vzpostavlja osnovna načela za določanje požarne odpornosti različnih konstrukcijskih elementov pri standardnih pogojih izpostavljenosti ognju. Drugi in dodatni postopki za doseganje posebnih zahtev so navedeni v standardu EN 1363-2. Načelo, vključeno v vse evropske standarde, ki se nanašajo na preskušanje s področja požarne odpornosti, določa, da so vidiki in postopki preskušanja, če so skupni vsem specifičnim preskusnim metodam, npr. krivulja temperatura-čas, opredeljeni v okviru te preskusne metode. Če je splošno načelo enako za več specifičnih preskusnih metod, vendar se slednje razlikujejo v podrobnostih glede na element, ki se preskuša (npr. merjenje temperaturno neizpostavljenih delov), je to načelo navedeno v tem dokumentu, podrobnosti pa v okviru specifične preskusne metode. Če so nekateri vidiki preskušanja edinstveni za posamezno specifično preskusno metodo (npr. preskus uhajanja zraka za dušilnike ognja), v tem dokumentu ni podrobnosti. Doseženi rezultati preskusa so lahko neposredno uporabni za druge podobne elemente ali različice preskušenega elementa. Obseg dovoljene uporabe je odvisen od področja neposredne uporabe rezultata preskusa. To določajo pravila, ki omejujejo odstopanja od vzorca preskusa brez nadaljnjega ocenjevanja. Pravila za določanje dovoljenih odstopanj so navedena v posamezni specifični preskusni metodi. Različice, ki v okviru neposredne uporabe niso dovoljene, so vključene v razširjeno uporabo rezultatov preskusa. To je posledica poglobljenega pregleda oblike in učinkovitosti delovanja posameznih izdelkov v okviru preskusov, ki jih opravi pristojna služba. Nadaljnja obravnava neposredne in razširjene uporabe je vključena v Prilogo A. Čas, v katerem preskušani element, spremenjen z neposredno ali razširjeno uporabo, zadovolji posebna merila, bo omogočil nadaljnje razvrščanje. Vse vrednosti, navedene v tem standardu, so nominalne, razen če ni določeno drugače.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Preskusi požarne odpornosti - 1. del: Splošne zahteveFeuerwiderstandsprüfungen - Teil 1: Allgemeine AnforderungenEssais de résistance au feu - Partie 1: Exigences généralesFire resistance tests - Part 1: General Requirements13.220.50Požarna odpornost gradbenih materialov in elementovFire-resistance of building materials and elementsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1363-1:2012SIST EN 1363-1:2012en,fr,de01-november-2012SIST EN 1363-1:2012SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1363-1:19991DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1363-1:2012
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1363-1
July 2012 ICS 13.220.50 Supersedes EN 1363-1:1999English Version
Fire resistance tests - Part 1: General Requirements
Essais de résistance au feu - Partie 1: Exigences générales Feuerwiderstandsprüfungen - Teil 1: Allgemeine Anforderungen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 June 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1363-1:2012: ESIST EN 1363-1:2012
EN 1363-1:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .5Introduction .61 Scope .72 Normative references .73 Terms, definitions, symbols and designations .83.1 Terms and definitions .83.2 Symbols and designations . 104 Test equipment . 104.1 General . 104.2 Furnace . 114.3 Loading equipment . 114.4 Test frames . 114.5 Instrumentation . 124.5.1 Temperature . 124.5.2 Pressure . 134.5.3 Load . 134.5.4 Deflection . 134.5.5 Integrity . 134.6 Precision of measuring equipment . 145 Test conditions . 145.1 Furnace temperature . 145.1.1 Heating curve . 145.1.2 Tolerances . 145.2 Furnace pressure . 155.2.1 General . 155.2.2 Establishing the neutral pressure plane . 165.3 Furnace atmosphere . 165.4 Loading . 165.5 Restraint/boundary conditions . 165.6 Ambient temperature conditions . 175.7 Deviation from required test conditions . 176 Test specimen(s). 176.1 Size . 176.2 Number . 176.2.1 Separating elements . 176.2.2 Non-separating elements . 176.3 Design . 176.4 Construction . 186.5 Verification . 187 Installation of test specimen . 187.1 General . 187.2 Supporting constructions . 187.2.1 General . 187.2.2 Standard supporting constructions. 197.2.3 Non-standard supporting constructions . 218 Conditioning . 218.1 Test specimen . 21SIST EN 1363-1:2012
EN 1363-1:2012 (E) 3 8.2 Supporting constructions . 219 Application of instrumentation . 219.1 Thermocouples . 219.1.1 Furnace thermocouples (plate thermometers) . 219.1.2 Unexposed surface thermocouples . 229.1.3 Internal thermocouples . 239.2 Pressure . 239.2.1 General . 239.2.2 Furnaces for vertical elements . 239.2.3 Furnaces for horizontal elements . 239.3 Deflection . 2310 Test procedure . 2410.1 Restraint application . 2410.2 Load application . 2410.3 Commencement of test . 2410.4 Measurements and observations . 2410.4.1 General . 2410.4.2 Temperatures . 2410.4.3 Furnace pressure . 2510.4.4 Deflection . 2510.4.5 Integrity . 2510.4.6 Load and restraints . 2610.4.7 General behaviour . 2610.5 Termination of test . 2611 Performance criteria. 2711.1 Loadbearing capacity. 2711.2 Integrity . 2711.3 Insulation . 2811.4 Consequential effects of failing certain performance criteria . 2811.4.1 Insulation and integrity versus loadbearing capacity . 2811.4.2 Insulation versus integrity . 2812 Test report . 2812.1 Test report . 2812.2 Expression of test results in the test report . 30Annex A (informative)
Field of application of test results . 39A.1 General . 39A.2 Field of direct application . 39A.3 Extended application . 39Annex B (informative)
The role of supporting constructions . 40B.1 General . 40B.2 Standard supporting constructions . 40B.3 Non-standard supporting constructions . 40Annex C (informative)
General information on thermocouples . 42C.1 Furnace thermocouples (plate thermometers) . 42C.1.1 Maintenance . 42C.1.2 Positioning . 42C.2 Internal thermocouples . 42C.2.1 General . 42C.2.2 Specification . 42C.2.3 Fixing methods and positioning . 42C.3 Unexposed face thermocouples . 43C.3.1 General . 43C.3.2 Positioning . 43C.3.3 Fixing to specific materials . 44Annex D (informative)
Guidance on the basis for selection of the test load . 46SIST EN 1363-1:2012
EN 1363-1:2012 (E) 4 D.1 General . 46D.2 Options for selecting the test load. 46Annex E (informative)
Boundary and support conditions . 47Annex F (informative)
Guidance on conditioning . 48F.1 General . 48F.2 Guidance on procedures for conditioning . 48F.3 Guidance on measurement techniques . 49F.3.1 Direct reading moisture meter . 49F.3.2 Oven drying techniques . 49Annex G (informative)
Guidance on deflection measurements of vertical separating elements using a fixed datum . 50G.1 General . 50G.2 Apparatus . 50G.3 Procedure . 50G.4 Reporting . 51Bibliography . 52 SIST EN 1363-1:2012
EN 1363-1:2012 (E) 5 Foreword This document (EN 1363-1:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 127 “Fire safety in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1363-1:1999. The main changes compared to EN 1363-1:1999 are: a) a tolerance is specified for the thickness of the thermocouple wire in the furnace thermocouple; b) a small variation to the layout of the unexposed surface thermocouples; c) a tolerance to the maximum pressure is specified; d) a redefinition of standard supporting constructions; e) a change to the required distance of thermocouples to a discontinuity from 15 mm into 20 mm; f) a redefinition of the commencement of the fire test; g) a redefinition for the load bearing capacity criterion; h) specifications for the short form test report are removed. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. This European Standard is technically related to ISO 834-1 prepared by ISO/TC92/SC2 "Fire resistance tests". EN 1363, Fire resistance tests, consists of the following parts: Part 1: General requirements (this European Standard); Part 2: Alternative and additional procedures; Part 3: Verification of furnace performance (published as an ENV). According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
SIST EN 1363-1:2012
EN 1363-1:2012 (E) 6 Introduction The objective of determining fire resistance is to assess the behaviour of a specimen of an element of building construction when subjected to defined heating and pressure conditions. The method provides a means of quantifying the ability of an element to withstand exposure to high temperatures. It does so by setting criteria against which the loadbearing capacity, the fire containment (integrity) and the thermal transmittance (insulation) functions amongst other characteristics can be evaluated. A representative sample of the element is exposed to a specified regime of heating and the performance of the test specimen is monitored on the basis of criteria described in the standard. Fire resistance of the test element is expressed as the time for which the appropriate criteria have been satisfied. The times so obtained are a measure of the adequacy of the construction in a fire; but they have no direct relationship with the duration time of a real fire. Caution The attention of all persons concerned with managing and carrying out fire resistance testing is drawn to the fact that fire testing might be hazardous and that there is a possibility that toxic and/or harmful smoke and gases will be emitted during the test. Mechanical and operational hazards might also arise during the construction of the test elements or structures, their testing and disposal of test residues. An assessment of all potential hazards and risks to health needs to be made and safety precautions need to be identified and provided. Written safety instructions will be issued. Appropriate training will be given to relevant personnel. Laboratory personnel will ensure that they follow written safety instructions at all times. Uncertainty of measurement of fire resistance There are many factors which can affect the result of a fire resistance test. Those concerned with the variability of the specimen including its materials, manufacture and installation are not related to the uncertainty of measurement. Of the remainder, some, such as the different thermal dose provided by different furnaces, are much more significant than others such as the accuracy of calibration of the data logging system. Because of the very labour intensive nature of the test, many of the factors that have a bearing on the result are operator-dependent. The training, experience and attitude of the operator is thus crucial to eliminate such variables which can significantly affect the degree of uncertainty of measurement. Unfortunately, it is not possible to numerically quantify these factors and therefore any attempt to determine uncertainty of measurement that does not take into account operator-dependent variables is of limited value.
SIST EN 1363-1:2012
EN 1363-1:2012 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard establishes the general principles for determining the fire resistance of various elements of construction when subjected to standard fire exposure conditions. Alternative and additional procedures to meet special requirements are given in EN 1363-2. The principle that has been embodied within all European Standards relating to fire resistance testing is that where aspects and procedures of testing are common to all specific test methods e.g. the temperature/time curve, then they are specified in this test method. Where a general principle is common to many specific test methods but the details vary according to the element being tested (e.g. the measurement of unexposed face temperature), then the principle is given in this document, but the details are given in the specific test method. Where certain aspects of testing are unique to a particular specific test method (e.g. the air leakage test for fire dampers), then no details are included in this document. The test results obtained might be directly applicable to other similar elements, or variations of the element tested. The extent to which this application is permitted depends upon the field of direct application of the test result. This is restricted by the provision of rules which limit the variation from the tested specimen without further evaluation. The rules for determining the permitted variations are given in each specific test method. Variations outside those permitted by direct application are covered under extended application of test results. This results from an in-depth review of the design and performance of a particular product in test(s) by a recognised authority. Further consideration on direct and extended application is given in Annex A. The duration for which the tested element, as modified by its direct or extended field of application, satisfies specific criteria will permit subsequent classification. All values given in this Standard are nominal unless otherwise specified. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 520, Gypsum plasterboards — Definitions, requirements and test methods
EN 1363-2, Fire resistance tests — Part 2: Alternative and additional procedures EN 13501-1, Fire classification of construction products and building elements — Part 1: Classification using data from reaction to fire tests EN ISO 13943:2010, Fire safety — Vocabulary (ISO 13943:2008) EN 60584-1, Thermocouples — Part 1: Reference tables (IEC 60584-1) EN 60584-2, Thermocouples — Part 2: Tolerances (IEC 60584-2) SIST EN 1363-1:2012
EN 1363-1:2012 (E) 8 3 Terms, definitions, symbols and designations 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 13943:2010 and the following apply. 3.1.1 actual material properties properties of a material determined from representative samples taken from the test specimen for the fire test according to the requirements of the specific product standard 3.1.2 characteristic material properties properties of a material which are specified for a grade of material which may be used for design purposes 3.1.3 associated construction form of construction required to test some types of test specimen EXAMPLE The aerated concrete slabs on top of a beam. 3.1.4 deflection movement associated with structural and or thermal actions 3.1.5 discontinuity interruption in the construction associated with a change in material or a joint Note 1 to entry: Examples of discontinuities are the joint between two adjacent boards in a partition, or the joint between one type of construction and another, such as the joint between a partition and a doorset or the joint between a partition and a glazed area within it. 3.1.6 element of building construction defined construction component, such as a wall, partition, doorset, floor, roof, beam or column 3.1.7 exposed face side of the test construction that is exposed to the heating conditions of the test 3.1.8
glowing emittance of light without flaming associated with combustion of a material 3.1.9
insulation ability of a test specimen of a separating element of building construction, when exposed to fire on one side, to restrict the temperature rise of the unexposed face to below specified levels 3.1.10
integrity ability of a test specimen of a separating element of building constructio
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