Bushings for d.c. application

Applies to outdoor and indoor bushings of any voltage used on d.c. systems, of capacitance graded or gas insulated types for use as components of oil-filled converter transformers and smoothing reactors, as well as air-to-air d.c. bushings.

Durchführungen für Gleichspannungsanwendungen

Traversées pour application en courant continu

S'applique aux traversées à l'intérieur et à l'extérieur de toute tension utilisée sur des systèmes à courant continu, de capacité progressive ou isolées au gaz, pour une utilisation comme composants des transformateurs convertisseurs remplis d'huile et des bobines de lissage, aussi bien que les traversées à courant continu air-à-air.

Skoznjiki za enosmerne aplikacije (IEC 62199:2004)

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Jan-2005
Technical Committee
Current Stage
6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
Start Date
01-Feb-2005
Due Date
01-Feb-2005
Completion Date
01-Feb-2005

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SLOVENSKI SIST EN 62199:2005

STANDARD
februar 2005
Skoznjiki za enosmerne aplikacije (IEC 62199:2004)
Bushings for d.c. application (IEC 62199:2004)
ICS 29.080.20 Referenčna številka
SIST EN 62199:2005(en)
©  Standard je založil in izdal Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno

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EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 62199
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM July 2004

ICS 29.080.20


English version


Bushings for d.c. application
(IEC 62199:2004)


Traversées pour application  Durchführungen für
en courant continu Gleichspannungsanwendungen
(CEI 62199:2004) (IEC 62199:2004)






This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2004-07-01. CENELEC members are bound to
comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and
notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels


© 2004 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.

Ref. No. EN 62199:2004 E

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EN 62199:2004 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of document 36A/117/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62199, prepared by SC 36A, Insulated
bushings, of IEC TC 36, Insulators, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was
approved by CENELEC as EN 62199 on 2004-07-01.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
(dop) 2005-04-01
national standard or by endorsement
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
(dow) 2007-07-01
with the EN have to be withdrawn
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62199:2004 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
__________

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- 3 - EN 62199:2004
Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE Where an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60050-471 1984 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary - -
(IEV)
Chapter 471: Insulators

IEC 60060-1 1989 High-voltage test techniques HD 588.1 S1 1991
+ corr. March 1990 Part 1: General definitions and test
requirements

IEC 60071-1 1993 Insulation co-ordination EN 60071-1 1995
Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules

IEC 60137 2003 Insulated bushings for alternating EN 60137 2003
voltages above 1 000 V

IEC 60270 2000 High-voltage test techniques - Partial EN 60270 2001
discharge measurements

IEC 61245 1993 Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage - -
insulators to be used on d.c. systems

IEC/TS 61462 1998 Composite insulators - Hollow insulators - -
for use in outdoor and indoor electrical
equipment - Definitions, test methods,
acceptance criteria and design
recommendations

IEC 62155 (mod) 2003 Hollow pressurized and unpressurized EN 62155 2003
ceramic and glass insulators for use in
electrical equipment with rated voltages
greater than 1 000 V

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NORME CEI
INTERNATIONALE
IEC



62199
INTERNATIONAL


Première édition
STANDARD

First edition

2004-05


Traversées pour application
en courant continu

Bushings for d.c. application

 IEC 2004 Droits de reproduction réservés  Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
T
PRICE CODE
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
International Electrotechnical Commission
МеждународнаяЭлектротехническаяКомиссия
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue

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62199  IEC:2004 – 3 –
CONTENT
FOREWORD.7
INTRODUCTION.11
1 Scope.13
2 Normative references.13
3 Terms and definitions .15
4 Ratings.15
4.1 Rated voltages.15
4.2 Insulation levels.15
4.3 Rated currents.17
4.4 Minimum nominal creepage distance .17
5 Operating conditions.19
5.1 General.19
5.2 Factors affecting the design, testing and application.19
6 General requirements.21
6.1 List of variables .21
6.2 Nameplate markings.21
7 Test requirements.23
7.1 General requirements.23
7.2 Test classification.23
8 Type tests.25
8.1 Dry power-frequency voltage withstand test with partial discharge
measurement .25
8.2 Dry lightning impulse voltage withstand test (BIL).27
8.3 Dry or wet switching impulse voltage withstand test (SIL) .27
8.4 Temperature rise test .29
8.5 Cantilever load withstand test .29
8.6 Tightness test on liquid-filled, compound-filled and liquid-insulated bushings.31
8.7 Internal pressure test on gas-filled, gas-insulated and gas-impregnated
bushings.33
8.8 Verification of dimensions .33
9 Routine tests.33
9.1 Measurement of dielectric dissipation factor (tan δ) and capacitances .33
9.2 Dry lightning impulse voltage withstand test (BIL).33
9.3 Dry power-frequency voltage withstand test with partial discharge
measurement .33
9.4 DC applied voltage withstand test with partial discharge measurement .35
9.5 Polarity reversal test with partial discharge measurement.39
9.6 Test of tap insulation .41
9.7 Internal pressure test on gas-filled, gas-insulated and gas-impregnated
bushings.41
9.8 Tightness test on liquid-filled, compound-filled and liquid-insulated bushings.43
9.9 Tightness test on gas-filled, gas-insulated and gas-impregnated bushings.43

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62199  IEC:2004 – 5 –
9.10 Tightness test at the flange or other fixing device.43
9.11 Visual inspection and dimensional check.43
10 Special tests.43
10.1 Artificial pollution test.43
10.2 Even wetting d.c. voltage test.45
10.3 Uneven wetting d.c. voltage test.45

Bibliography .49

Figure 1 – Polarity reversal test profile .39

Table 1 – Minimum values of cantilever withstand load .31

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62199  IEC:2004 – 7 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
___________

BUSHINGS FOR DC APPLICATION


FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62199 has been prepared by sub-committee 36A: Insulated
bushings, of IEC technical committee 36: Insulators.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
36A/117/FDIS 36A/119/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------

62199  IEC:2004 – 9 –
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
2007. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed;
• withdrawn;
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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62199  IEC:2004 – 11 –
INTRODUCTION
In this first edition of IEC 62199, service experiences as well as established market require-
ments have been harmonized with existing IEC standards, primarily:
IEC 60137, “Insulated bushings for alternating voltages above 1 000 V”.
Where applicable, reference is also made to the following standards:
IEC 61462, "Composite insulators – Hollow insulators for use in outdoor and indoor electrical
equipment" and
IEC 62155, "Hollow pressurized and unpressurized ceramic and glass insulators for use in
electrical equipment with rated voltages greater than 1 000 V".
The amount of type tests and routine tests has been carefully planned, considering that HVDC
(high voltage direct current) power transmission is a mature technology, but still with limited
service experience compared to AC systems.
Non-ceramic bushing insulators are widely used in d.c. applications and this standard applies
to similar qualification procedures on all types of insulators, except for the artificial pollution
test. Preparation of a bushing for an artificial pollution test destroys the surface of a composite
insulator and therefore cannot be performed on such bushings.

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62199  IEC:2004 – 13 –
BUSHINGS FOR DC APPLICATION



1 Scope
This International Standard applies to outdoor and indoor bushings of any voltage used on d.c.
systems, of capacitance graded or gas insulated types for use as components of oil-filled
converter transformers and smoothing reactors, as well as air-to-air d.c. bushings. This
standard does not apply to the following:
• cable terminations (potheads);
• bushings for instrument transformers;
• bushings for test transformers;
• bushings applied with gaseous insulation (other than air at atmospheric pressure) external
to the bushing;
• bushings for industrial application;
• bushings for traction application.
This standard makes reference to IEC 60137 for general terms and conditions and defines the
special terms used, operating conditions, ratings, test procedures as well as general mechanical
and electrical requirements for bushings for d.c. application. Where applicable, reference can
also be made to IEC 61462 for composite insulators – hollow insulators for use in outdoor and
indoor electrical equipment and to IEC 62155 for hollow pressurized and unpressurized
ceramic and glass insulators for use in electrical equipment with rated voltages greater than
1 000 V.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60050(471):1984, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 471:
Insulators
IEC 60060-1:1989, High-voltage test techniques – Part 1: General definitions and test
requirements
IEC 60071-1:1993, Insulation co-ordination – Part 1: Definitions, principles and rules
IEC 60137:2003, Insulated bushings for alternating voltages above 1000 V
IEC 60270:2000, High-voltage test techniques – Partial discharge measurements
IEC 61245:1993, Artificial pollution tests on high-voltage insulators to be used on d.c. systems

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62199  IEC:2004 – 15 –
IEC 61462:1998, Composite insulators – Hollow insulators for use in outdoor and indoor
electrical equipment – Definitions, test methods, acceptance criteria and design recom-
mendations
IEC 62155:2003, Hollow pressurized and unpressurized ceramic and glass insulators for use in
electrical equipment with rated voltages greater than 1 000 V
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions of IEC 60137 and IEC 60050(471)
apply. Where applicable, reference is also made to IEC 61462 and to IEC 62155.
3.1
wall (roof) bushing
bushing intended to be mounted on the wall (roof) of a building such as a converter valve hall
3.2
bushing for combined voltage application
d.c. bushing subject to a large a.c. voltage superimposed on a d.c. bias voltage, such as a
bushing applied to the valve winding side of a converter transformer
3.3
bushing for pure d.c. application
d.c. bushing subject to a d.c. voltage with only a small a.c. voltage ripple, such as applied on
the high voltage side of a d.c. converter valve
4 Ratings
4.1 Rated voltages
4.1.1 Rated continuous d.c. voltage
The rated continuous d.c. voltage is the maximum continuous d.c. voltage assigned to the
bushing by the manufacturer for specified operating conditions.
4.1.2 Rated peak voltage
The rated peak voltage is the maximum value of the combination of d.c. voltage plus peak a.c.
voltage that the bushing is required to withstand under the specified operating conditions.
4.2 Insulation levels
The insulation levels for bushings used in d.c. applications do not generally follow the standard
values of insulation level in accordance with IEC 60071-1. The purchaser shall specify the
insulation levels. The methods of calculation for test voltages are given in the relevant clauses
of this standard.

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62199  IEC:2004 – 17 –
4.3 Rated currents
The definition of rated current depends on the bushing application. If the bushing is one for
pure d.c. application, the ratings are defined in 4.3.1. If the bushing is one for combined
voltage application, the ratings are defined in 4.3.2.
4.3.1 Pure d.c. applications
4.3.1.1 Rated continuous d.c. current
The rated continuous d.c. current is the maximum continuous direct current that the bushing is
required to carry under the specified operating conditions.
4.3.1.2 Rated d.c. overload current
The rated d.c. overload current is the maximum direct current that the bushing is required to
carry for a stated duration of time and ambient temperature. The purchaser shall specify the
current magnitude, duration and frequency of occurrence.
4.3.2 Combined voltage applications
In these applications, the bushing is usually required to carry a.c. current.
4.3.2.1 Rated continuous a.c. current
The rated continuous a.c. current is the r.m.s. equivalent of the actual current wave shape that
the bushing is required to carry based on the d.c. rated load current committed with zero
committing angle.
4.3.2.2 Rated a.c. overload current
The rated a.c. overload current is the maximum alternating current that the bushing is required
to carry for a stated duration of time and ambient temperature. It shall be the r.m.s. equivalent
of the actual current waveshape that the bushing is required to carry based on the d.c. rated
overload current commutated with zero commutating angle.
4.4 Minimum nominal creepage distance
The purchaser shall specify the specific creepage distance or, alternatively, the degree of
pollution severity. This creepage distance may be determined by:
d × U × k
cs 1 d
where
d is the minimum nominal specific creepage distance (mm/kV);
cs
U is the rated continuous d.c. voltage or the rated peak voltage depending on the
1
point of application of the bushing in the electrical scheme (kV);
k is the correction factor depending on the average diameter of the bushing.
d
For indoor bushings, the minimum nominal creepage distance value shall be 17 mm/kV.

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62199  IEC:2004 – 19 –
If artificial pollution tests are required, they shall be performed in accordance with 10.1.
NOTE Values for d and k for outdoor bushings are under consideration by TC 36: Insulators.
cs d
5 Operating conditions
5.1 General
Bushings conforming to this standard shall, unless otherwise stated, be suitable for operation
at rated values under conditions defined in IEC 60137 and summarized as follows:
a) The ambient air temperature is within the limits specified in Table 3 of IEC 60137, except
for maximum values when wholly or partially in the valve hall (refer to 5.2a) below).
b) Altitude does not exceed 1 000 m.
c) The temperature of the transformer insulating oil in which the oil end of the bushing is
immersed is within the limits specified in Table 3 of IEC 60137.
d) The temperatures and temperature rises of external connections and metal parts in contact
with insulating materials do not exceed the limits given in Table 2 of IEC 60137.
e) No moisture condensation is present on the outer surface of the indoor part of outdoor-
indoor bushings, indoor bushings and indoor-immersed bushings.
5.2 Factors affecting the design, testing and application
Where particular operating conditions exist, they shall be specified by the purchaser.
Examples of such conditions are as follows:
a) The ambient air temperature, for bushings operating wholly or partially in the valve hall.
b) Inclination.
c) Vibrations or shocks.
d) Transportation or storage conditions.
e) Other thermal conditions.
f) Where the altitude exceeds 1 000 m, correction for reduced air density shall be made,
following 5.2 of IEC 60137.
g) Damaging fumes or vapours, excessively abrasive or conducting dusts, explosive mixtures
of dust or gases, salt spray, icing, etc.
h) Proximity of insulating barriers or earthed walls within the transformer or reactor or the wall
of a building.
i) Ice loading conditions.
j) Overloads.

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62199  IEC:2004 – 21 –
6 General requirements
6.1 List of variables

I is the total equivalent d.c. current;
eqdc
th
I is the magnitude of the h harmonic current in the transformer;
h
I is the applied fundamental frequency a.c. current during the thermal test;
testac
th
K is the effective resistance of the bushing under test at the h harmonic divided by R
h dc;
R is the resistance of the load current carrying part of the bushing under test at
ac
fundamental frequency;
R is the d.c. resistance of the load current carrying part of the bushing under test;
dc
U is the rated voltage;
1
U is the a.c. r.m.s. test voltage for measurement of partial discharge;
ac
U is the highest d.c. voltage per valve bridge;
dm
U is the d.c. withstand test voltage;
dc
U is the polarity reversal test voltage (d.c. voltage);
pr
U is the maximum phase-to-phase a.c. operating voltage of the valve windings of the
vm
converter transformer on which the bushing will be assembled;
N is the number of six-pulse bridges in series from the neutral of the d.c. line to the
rectifier bridge connected to the bushing when mounted on the converter transformer.
6.2 Nameplate markings
The following information shall appear on all bushing nameplates:
• Manufacturer's name, identification number, type, year of manufacture and serial number.
• Rated continuous d.c. voltage (for bushings for pure d.c. application, see 4.1.1).
• Rated peak voltage (for bushings for combined voltage applications, see 4.1.2).
• Rated continuous d.c. current, where applicable.
• Rated continuous a.c. current, where applicable.
• Dry lightning impulse voltage withstand.
• Dry/wet switching impulse voltage withstand or dry power-frequency voltage withstand.
• Capacitance, C and C , on all bushings equipped with voltage taps, and C on all bushings
1 2 1
equipped with test taps.
• Dissipation factor measured from conductor to tap, where applicable.
• Type of insulating gas, and minimum pressure, where applicable.
• Mass if greater than 100 kg.

• Maximum angle of mounting if exceeding 30° from vertical.

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62199  IEC:2004 – 23 –
7 Test requirements
7.1 General requirements
The tests shall be made in accordance with Clause 7 of IEC 60137 (Test requirements), except
where described differently below. Where applicable, reference shall also be made to
IEC 61462 and to IEC 62155.
• Most of the dielectric routine and type tests can be carried out with the bushing axis at any
inclination, regardless of its intended service angle where appropriate.
• The wet switching impulse voltage withstand test and the thermal, mechanical and special
tests shall be carried out with the bushing mounted at its intended service angle, unless
other arrangements have been agreed on if shown compatible and sufficient.
• DC tests on apparatus bushings shall be carried out with external insulation (barriers) and
ground planes surrounding the lower end of the bushing in a position as similar as possible
to that of the intended service condition. The simulation of the insulation arrangement may
be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
• DC tests on wall (roof) bushings shall be effected with wall ground plane and mounting
arrangements as similar as possible to that of the intended service condition.
7.2 Test classification
7.2.1 Type tests
During the type tests, the bushing will be stressed higher than usually encountered in service
and must withstand these tests without evidence of partial or complete failure. Hidden damage
that may occur during type testing can usually be detected by comparing values of
characteristics such as capacitance, power factor and partial discharge quantity.
Type tests include the following:
• dry power-frequency voltage withstand test (8.1);
• dry lightning impulse voltage withstand test (8.2);
• dry or wet switching impulse voltage withstand test (for outdoor bushings) (8.3);
• temperature rise test (8.4);
• cantilever load withstand test (8.5);
• tightness test on liquid-filled, compound-filled and liquid-insulated bushings (8.6);
• internal pressure test on gas-filled, gas insulated and gas impregnated bushings (8.7);
• verification of dimensions (8.8).
7.2.2 Routine tests
The following tests
...

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