SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Obdelovalni stroji - Varnost - Obdelovalni centriWerkzeugmaschinen - Sicherheit - BearbeitungszentrenMachines-outils - Sécurité - Centres d'usinageMachine tools - Safety - Machining centres25.040.10Machining centresICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12417:2001+A2:2009SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009en,fr01-maj-2009SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009SLOVENSKI
STANDARD



SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12417:2001+A2
February 2009 ICS 25.040.10 Supersedes EN 12417:2001English Version
Machine tools - Safety - Machining centres
Machines-outils - Sécurité - Centres d'usinage
Werkzeugmaschinen - Sicherheit - Bearbeitungszentren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 June 2001 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 3 February 2006 and Amendment 2 approved by CEN on 29 December 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
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B-1050 Brussels © 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12417:2001+A2:2009: ESIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009



EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .3 Introduction .4 1 Scope .5 2 Normative references .5 3 Terms and definitions .7 4 List of significant hazards .8 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 12 6 Verification of safety requirements and/or protective measures . 28 7 Information for use . 28 Annex A (normative)
Guards on machining centres - Impact test method . 31 Annex B (informative)
Equipment for impact test . 35 Annex C (informative)
Illustrative figures used as examples . 36 Annex D (normative)
Noise emission measurement . 41 Annex ZA (informative)
####Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC, amended by Directive 98/79/EC$$$$ . 43 Annex ZB (informative)
####Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC$$$$ . 44 Bibliography . 45
Table 1 — List of significant hazards and major sources of these hazards associated with machining centres .9 Table 2 — List of safety requirements and/or protective measures and their verification procedures . 13
SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009



EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12417:2001+A2:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 143 "Machine tools - Safety", the secretariat of which is held by SNV. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2006-02-03 and Amendment 2, approved by CEN on 2008-12-29. This document supersedes EN 12417:2001. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags
!" and # $. Annex A is normative. Annexes B to D and ZA #and ZB$ are informative. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). #For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document.$ According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009



EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 (E) 4 Introduction This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN 292–1. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence. Machining centres present a wide range of hazards, not least from their wide application as rotating tool, 'stationary' workpiece machine tools, for general purpose cutting of cold metal work material. Protection of operators and other persons from contact with moving cutting tools, especially when being rapidly rotated in the spindle, or being swung from a tool magazine to the spindle during power-operated tool changing, or from contact with fast–moving workpieces, is of great importance. When power–operated mechanisms are provided for workpiece transfer, they can also create hazardous situations during loading/unloading and workpiece alignment or clamping. Total enclosure of the work zone using guards during cutting is practicable for smaller machines. The requirements for access to the work zone of large machines used for the processing of a wide range of workpiece configurations can require that operators are safeguarded by other means (e.g. perimeter fencing, protective devices at the operating position). Pendant controls enable operators to move around the machine, especially large machines, and to view the work zone, the load/aligning, clamping, cutting, or unloading operations, maneuvering the pendant control as they move. The significant hazards covered by this standard are those listed in clause 4. The safety requirements and/or protective measures to prevent or minimize those hazards identified in Table 1 and procedures for verification of these requirements or measures are found in clause 5. The figures in annex C are examples only and are not intended to illustrate the only interpretation of the text. SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009



EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 (E) 5 1 Scope 1.1 This standard specifies the technical safety requirements and protective measures to be adopted by persons undertaking the design, construction and supply (including installation and dismantling, with arrangements for transport and maintenance) of machining centres (see 3.1). 1.2 This standard takes account of intended use including reasonably foreseeable misuse, maintenance, cleaning, and setting operations. It presumes access to the machine from all directions. It describes means to reduce risks to operators and other exposed persons. 1.3 This standard also applies to the workpiece transfer devices when they form an integral part of the machine. 1.4 This standard deals with significant hazards relevant to machining centres when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see clause 4). 1.5 Hazards arising from other metal working processes (e.g. grinding, turning, forming, EDM, laser processing) are covered by other standards (see Bibliography). 1.6 This standard applies to machines which are manufactured after (its date of publication). 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text, and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 292-1:1991, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design – Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology EN 292-2:1991 and EN 292-2/A1:1995, Safety of machinery - Basic concepts, general principles for design – Part 2: Technical principles and specifications EN 294:1992, Safety of machinery – Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs EN 349:1993, Safety of machinery – Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body EN 547:1996, Safety of machinery – Human body measurements –
Part 1: Principles for determining the dimensions required for openings for whole body access into machinery Part 2: Principles for determining the dimensions required for access openings Part 3: Anthropometric data EN 574:1996, Safety of machinery - Two hand control devices – Functional aspects – Principles for design EN 614, Safety of machinery - Ergonomic design principles –
Part 1: Terminology and general principles Part 2: Interaction between machinery design and work tasks EN 626-1:1994, Safety of machinery – Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances emitted by machinery – Part 1: Principles and specifications for machinery manufacturers SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009



EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 (E) 6 EN 894:1997, Safety of machinery – Ergonomics requirements and data for the design of displays and control actuators – Part 1: Human interactions Part 2: Displays EN 894-3:2000, Safety of machinery – Ergonomics requirements and data for the design of displays and control actuators – Part 3: Control actuators EN 953:1997, Safety of machinery – Guards – General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 954-1:1996, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles for design EN 982:1996, Safety of machinery - Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components - Hydraulics EN 983:1996, Safety of machinery - Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components - Pneumatics EN 999:1998, Safety of machinery – The positioning of protective equipment in respect of approach speeds of parts of the human body prEN 1005:1998, Safety of machinery – Human physical performance – Part 1: Terms and definitions Part 2: Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation EN 1037:1995, Safety of machinery – Prevention of unexpected start-up EN 1050:1996, Safety of machinery - Principles for risk assessment EN 1088:1995, Safety of machinery - Interlocking devices associated with guards – Principles for design and selection EN 1127–1:1997, Explosive atmospheres - Explosion prevention and protection – Part 1: Basic concepts and methodology EN 1760–1:1997, Safety of machinery - Pressure sensitive protective devices – Part 1: General principles for the design and testing of pressure sensitive mats and pressure sensitive floors EN 1837:1999, Safety of machinery – Integral lighting of machines EN 60529:1991, Specification for degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP code) EN 60825-1:1994, Safety of laser products – Equipment classification, requirements and user’s guide EN ISO 3744:1995, Acoustics – Determination of sound power level of noise sources using sound pressure – Engineering method in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane EN ISO 3746:1995, Acoustics – Determination of sound power level of noise sources using sound pressure – Survey method using an enveloping measurement surface over a reflecting plane EN ISO 4871:1997, Acoustics – Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment EN ISO 9614-1:1995, Acoustics – Determination of sound power level of noise sources using sound intensity – Part 1: Measurement at discrete points SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009



EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 (E) 7 EN ISO 11202:1995, Acoustics – Noise emitted by machinery and equipment – Measurement method of emission sound power levels at the work station and at other specified positions – Survey method in situ EN ISO 11204:1996, Acoustics - Noise emitted by machinery and equipment – Method requiring environmental corrections prEN ISO 14122:1999, Permanent means of access to machines and industrial plants -
Part 2: Working platforms and gangways Part 3: Stairways, stepladders and guard-rails prEN 13478:1999, Safety of machinery – Fire prevention and protection EN ISO 11688-1:1998, Acoustics – Recommended practice for the design of low–noise machinery and equipment – Part 1: Planning ISO/TR 11688-2:1998, Acoustics – Recommended practice for the design of low–noise machinery and equipment – Part 2: Introduction to the physics of low-noise design !EN ISO 15641, Milling cutters for high speed machining — Safety requirements (ISO 15641:2001)" EN 50081–2:1993, Electromagnetic compatibility – Generic emission standard – Part 2: Industrial environment EN 60204-1:1997, Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines – Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:1997) EN 61000-6-2, Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) – Part 6-2: Generic standards - Immunity for industrial environments (IEC 61000-6-2:1999) EN 61496-1: 1997, Safety of machinery - Electrosensitive protective equipment – Part 1 -
General requirements and tests (IEC 61496-1:1997) IEC 61496-2:1997, Safety of machinery - Electro-sensitive protective equipment – Part 2:
Particular requirements for equipment using active opto-electronic protective devices (AOPDs) ISO 2806:1994, Industrial automation systems – Numerical control of machines – Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the following definitions apply.
For other terms and definitions, see EN 292-1, EN 292-2+A1. 3.1 machining centre a numerically controlled machine tool, where the spindle orientation is usually either horizontal or vertical, capable of carrying out two or more machining processes (e.g. milling, drilling, boring) and having facilities to enable tools to be changed automatically from a magazine or similar storage unit in accordance with the machining program. Such machines may incorporate facilities for manual control in varying degrees 3.2 numerical control (computer numerical control) (NC, CNC) automatic control of a process performed by a device that makes use of numeric data introduced while the operation is in progress (ISO 2806:1994, 2.1.1) 3.3 work zone the space where the metal cutting process can take place SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009



EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 (E) 8 3.4 workpiece transfer device a mechanism integrated with the machine as a means of supplying a previously loaded workpiece to a machine in exchange for a finished workpiece (e.g. pallet changing device – see annex C, Figures C.1, C.2, C.3, C.4) 3.5 electronic handwheel a manually operated control device which initiates and maintains an axis movement by pulse generation input to the numerical control during its rotation 4 List of significant hazards 4.1 The list of hazards contained in Table 1 is the result of a hazard identification and risk assessment carried out as described by EN 1050 for machining centres covered by the scope of this standard. The safety requirements and/or protective measures and information for use contained in clauses 5 and 7 are based on the risk assessment and deal with the identified hazards by either eliminating them or reducing the effects of the risks they generate. 4.2 The risk assessment assumes foreseeable access from all directions, as well as unexpected start–up. Risks to both the operators and other persons who can have access to the hazard zones are identified, taking into account hazards which can occur under various conditions (e.g. commissioning, set–up, production, maintenance, repair, decommissioning) during the life of the machine. The assessment includes an analysis of the effect of failure in the control system. 4.3 In addition, the user of this standard (i.e. the designer, manufacturer, supplier) shall validate that the risk assessment is complete for the machine under consideration with particular attention to:  the intended use of the machine including maintenance, setting and cleaning, and its reasonably foreseeable misuse;  the identification of the significant hazards associated with the machine.
SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009



EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 (E) 9 Table 1 — List of significant hazards and major sources of these hazards associated with machining centres 
Description Example(s) of related hazardous situation(s) Associated activity Related danger zone Clause 5 Reference (Table 2) 1. Mechanical hazards
1.1 Crushing
workpiece clamping loading/reorienting/ unloading between clamps and workpiece 1.4
movements associated with automatic tool changing power–operated tool change envelope of tool-changer motion between spindle and tool store 1.3
moving axes maintenance within pits 1.7
movement of operating platforms normal operation, maintenance at or near machine 1.8 1.2 Shearing moving axes manual operation/ tool change between tool/ spindle and table/ workpiece 1.1.6.3 1.1.6.4 1.2.1.3 1.3 Cutting or severing spindle or tool running or cutting spindle running at spindle or tool 1.1 to 1.1.6.4 1.4 Entanglement movements associated with automatic tool changing power–operated tool-change envelope of tool-changer motion between spindle and tool store 1.3
removal of swarf/chips power–operated swarf/chip removal swarf/chip collection and discharge zones 1.5 1.5 Drawing–in or trapping rapid travel of table or spindle head power–operated motion of workpiece on table or tool in spindle envelope of movement of workpiece on table axes; envelope of movement of tool in spindle head 1.1
rotating power transmission mechanisms
maintenance in or around machine 1.6 1.6 Impact moving/rotating tool spindle running at spindle or tool 1.1 to 1.1.6.4
automatic tool changing power–operated tool change envelope of tool change motion 1.3
automatic workpiece transfer (e.g. pallet loading system)
power-operated workpiece transfer envelope of motion of workpiece and workpiece transfer mechanisms 1.4 1.7 Stabbing or puncture moving/rotating tool (especially eccentric tools) process control at tool in spindle 1.1 to 1.1.6.4
movements associated with automatic tool changing power–operated tool change envelope of tool changer motion (especially tool grippers) 1.3
handling tools during manual tool change or replenishing tool magazine at sharp cutter faces (see clause 7)
handling swarf/chips during loading/ unloading and cleaning at workpiece, table, and swarf /chip collecting and discharge zones (see clause 7)
SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009



EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 (E) 10 Table 1 (continued) 
Description Example(s) of related hazardous situation(s) Associated activity Related danger zone Clause 5 Reference (Table 2) 2 Electrical hazards
2.1 Contact of persons with live parts (direct contact) contact with live parts or connections during commissioning, maintenance, trouble shooting electrical cabinet, terminal boxes, control panels at machine 2.1 2.2 Contact of persons with parts which have become live under faulty conditions (indirect contact) contact with live parts or connections during operation, inspection and maintenance of machine at machine or faulty part 2.2 4 Hazards generated by noise
4.1 Hearing loss (deafness), other physiological disorders (e.g. loss of balance, loss of awareness) motion of power transmission elements, cutting processes and fluid power systems during operating cycle of machine near machine 4 4.2 Interference with speech communication, acoustical signals air blast used for cleaning of tool or pallet locations
during operating cycle of machine near machine 4 6 Hazards generated by radiation 6.5 Lasers direct or reflected visual exposure to laser radiation maintenance of laser positional feedback system within machine 6.5 7 Hazards generated by materials and substances 7.1 Hazards from contact with or inhalation of harmful fluids, gases, mists, fumes, and dusts conditions near machine caused by ejection of particles of work material, fluid droplets or mist from metal working fluids during operating cycle of the machine at or near machine 7.1 7.2 Fire or explosion flammable work material, flammable (low flash point) metal working fluids during operating cycle of the machine at or near machine 7.2 7.3 Biological or micro–biological (viral or bacterial) hazards contact with hydraulic or metal working fluid as liquid or mist containing detritus and bacteria during operation, process control, and maintenance at or near machine 7.3 8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in the design process8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort (repetitive strain)
lifting and reaching while handling workpiece, tools, and machine parts during loading/ unloading, process control, and maintenance at load/unload and tool mounting positions, maintenance action points 8.1 8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm or foot-leg anatomy inappropriate location of controls during loading/ unloading, process control, and maintenance at load/unload and tool mounting positions, maintenance action points 8.2 8.4 Inadequate local lighting judgement and accuracy of manual actions impaired during handling/ positioning of work materials and cutters during loading /unloading, process control, tool handling at load/unload, tool mounting positions 8.4
SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009



EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 (E) 11 Table 1 (continued) 
Description Example(s) of related hazardous situation(s)Associated activity Related danger zone Clause 5 Reference (Table 2) 8.6 Human errors, human behaviour reasonably foreseeable misuse, inadvertent operation of controls, incorrect work material and cutter handling and setting during loading/ unloading, process control, tool handling at load/unload, tool mounting positions 8.6 8.7 Inadequate design, location or identification of manual controls inadvertent
operation of controls during setting, operating cycle
at or near machine 8.7 8.8 Inadequate design or location of visual display units misinterpretation of displayed information during setting, operating cycle
at or near machine 8.8 10 Unexpected start-up, unexpected overrun/ overspeed 10.1 Failure/disorder of the control system mechanical hazards associated with selected machine movement during setting, cleaning
at machine 10.1 10.2 Restoration of energy supply after an interruption unexpected movements of machine during setting, cleaning or maintenance at or near machine 10.2 10.3 External influences on the electrical equipment unpredictable behaviour of electronic controls due to electromagnetic interference during setting or operating cycle of the machine at or near machine 10.3 13 Failure of the power supply malfunctions of the control with consequent misapplication of stored energy or power.
Power workholding fails, motor overspeed.
Part breakage causes machine elements to move under residual forces (inertia, gravity, spring/ energy storage means) causing external elements to move unexpectedly during operation, process control, maintenance at machine where machine elements retained in a safe condition by the application of power or fluid pressure. 13 14 Failure of the control circuit Unexpected movements of machine during setting, cleaning or maintenance at or near machine 14 15 Errors of fitting machine elements fail or swing unexpectedly during process control, tool mounting, maintenance at machine 15 17 Falling or ejected objects or fluids ejection of machine parts, workpiece or tools caused by clamping device, control system failures or collision due to data errors during the operating cycle of the machine at or near machine 1.2.6 17 18 Loss of stability, overturning of machinery unrestrained machine or machine part (maintained in position by gravity), falls or overturns during loading/ unloading and process control, at heavy/unwieldy workpieces during maintenance (disassembly/ relocation) at machine
18 SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009



EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 (E) 12 Table 1 (concluded) 19 Slip , trip, and fall of persons (related to machinery) ejection or spillage of metal working fluids and lubricants (also hydraulic fluid if used); work at heights during workpiece load/unload, setting, process control and maintenance work at heights work to replenish fluids (e.g. lubricants) machine table, floor area around machine and workpiece permanent means of access to the machine 19  This list is derived from annex A of EN 1050: 1996.
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
5.1 General requirements Machining centres shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, the machining centre shall be designed according to the principles of EN 292 for hazards relevant but not significant which are not dealt with by this standard. SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009



EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 (E) 13
5.2 Specific requirements Table 2 — List of safety requirements and/or protective measures and their verification procedures NOTE The numbering of various provisions in this table is in accordance with Table 1 and hence missing numbers correspond to hazards which are not significant Hazards
Safety requirement and/or protective measureVerification1 Mechanical
1.1 Work zone
1.1.1 Primary safeguards The work zones of machining centres shall be safeguarded. The guarding arrangements shall be designed to prevent access to hazardous situations. NOTE
General guidance for the design selection of safeguards, where the hazards from moving parts cannot be avoided by design is given in 4.1, 4.2 and Table 1 of EN 292-2:1991. For the purposes of this clause,
1) all protective equipment shall be in accordance with the following: in accordance with EN 61496-1:1997 (ESPE), in accordance with IEC 61496-2:1997, category 4 (AOPD), in accordance with EN 1760-1:1997 (PSPD). 2) Guards shall be in accordance with EN 953:1997, and interlocking devices shall be in accordance with EN1088:1995. Visual inspection
1.1.2 Guarding strategies
1.1.2.1 General
The work zone shall be enclosed where possible by fixed and/or interlocked movable guards during machining operations. Where enclosure is not reasonably practicable (e.g. due to the size of the workpiece, its geometry, other special characteristics of the machine or its application), operators and other exposed persons shall be safeguarded by a combination of other means (e.g. protected operator position (cabin), perimeter guarding, other protective devices).
Visual inspection, assessment
1.1.2.2 Enclosure Where reasonably practicable, work zone guarding shall be fixed to the structure of the machine (see 3.2.1 of EN 953:1997) (see also guard characteristics below and Figures C.1 – C.4, C.6).
Visual inspection Examination of drawings
1.1.2.3 Alternatives to enclosures Access to the work zone, by the operator, from the normal (fixed) operating position shall be prevented by local guarding (typically forming a cabin - see Figures C.5 and C.7). Access to the cabin shall not require entry into the hazard zone enclosed by perimeter fencing or other protective devices. Where this is not possible because of the machine configuration or other operating constraints, the access route to the operating position shall not require approach to hazardous situations.
Visual inspection
SIST EN 12417:2002+A2:2009



EN 12417:2001+A2:2009 (E) 14 Table 2 (continued) 1 Mechanical
Where the machine operator r
...