SIST EN 13444-1:2002

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Electrically propelled road vehicles - Measurement of emissions of hybrid vehicles - Part 1: Thermal electric hybrid vehiclesElektrisch angetriebene Strassenfahrzeuge - Messung der Emissionen von Hybridfahrzeugen - Teil 1: Thermisches Hybrid-ElektrofahrzeugVéhicules routiers a propulsion électrique - Mesurage des émissions des véhicules hybrides - Partie 1: Véhicules hybrides électriques thermiquesElectrically propelled road vehicles - Measurement of emissions of hybrid vehicles - Part 1: Thermal electric hybrid vehicles43.120Electric road vehicles13.040.50Emisije izpušnih plinov v prometuTransport exhaust emissionsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13444-1:2001SIST EN 13444-1:2002en01-januar-2002SIST EN 13444-1:2002SLOVENSKI
STANDARD



SIST EN 13444-1:2002



EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 1344-1April 2001ICS 13.040.50; 43.120English versionElectrically propelled road vehicles - Measurement of emissionsof hybrid vehicles - Part 1: Thermal electric hybrid vehiclesVéhicules routiers à propulsion électrique - Mesurage desémissions des véhicules hybrides - Partie 1: Véhiculeshybrides électriques thermiquesElektrisch angetriebene Straßenfahrzeuge - Messung derEmissionen von Hybridfahrzeugen - Teil 1: ThermischeHybrid-ElektrofahrzeugeThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 March 2001.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2001 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13444-1:2001 ESIST EN 13444-1:2002



Page 2EN 1344-1:2001ContentsPageForeword.31Scope.42Normative references.43Terms and definitions.44Measurement of the emissions in hybrid mode.54.1Principle.54.2Cycle.64.3Equipment.64.4Fuel.64.5Parameters, units and accuracy of measurements.64.6Test conditions.64.7Operation mode.64.8Expression of the results.6Annex A (normative)
Measurement of the emissions.8A.1General.8A.2Recorded values.8A.3Calculation.9A.4Expression of results.14Annex B (informative) Example of calculation of gaseous emission with a continuous analysis method.15B.1General.15B.2Measured values for emissions.15B.3Calculation.16B.4Expression of the results.18Annex C (informative) Technical information of the test thermal hybrid vehicle.19Annex D (informative) Test report on the emissions of a thermal electric hybrid vehicle.20Bibliography.21SIST EN 13444-1:2002



Page 3EN 1344-1:2001ForewordThis European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 301 "Electrically propelled roadvehicles", the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text orby endorsement, at the latest by October 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latestby October 2001.CEN TC 301 is dealing with "Electrically propelled road vehicles". This title includes, in fact a wide range of electricroad vehicles (see the definitions in EN 13447:2001) which can be divided as follows: Pure electric vehicle : this is an electrically propelled and infrastructure independent exclusively electricallysupplied road vehicle. Road vehicle fitted with an electric transmission : this vehicle remains in the scope of CEN/TC 301 but isconsidered as a conventional (e.g. an internal combustion engine vehicle) vehicle with a specific transmission(no standards to be developed). Thermal electric hybrid vehicles where the thermal engine has such a low level of power 1) compared to that ofthe power train power may be treated as a pure electric vehicle from the measuring point of view. Other infrastructure independent electric vehicles which are today called electric hybrid vehicles. These electrichybrid vehicles can run with a zero level pollutant emission. Infrastructure dependent electrically propelled road vehicles are excluded from application of this standard.A large amount of work has been undertaken on electric hybrid vehicles, and there is still a lot to discover on thesevehicles which can for instance incorporate several driving modes (more than two).To remain today within what is most common, the term thermal electric hybrid vehicle will be understood as anelectric road vehicle fitted with a thermal machine (which is fed with fuel).This European Standard EN 13444 consists of the following parts, under the general title "Electrically propelledroad vehicles - Measurement of emissions of hybrid vehicles": Part 1: Thermal electric hybrid vehicles ; Part 2: Other hybrid vehicles than those fitted with a thermal machine.Annex A forms an integral part of EN 13444-1.Annex B to Annex D are for information only.According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden,Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
1) In order to be able to use existing measuring facilities.SIST EN 13444-1:2002



Page 4EN 1344-1:20011 ScopeThis standard aims at defining the emission measurements for a thermal electric hybrid road vehicle from M1, N1,or M2 2) category, and for tricycles and quadricycles from the motorcycle types 3) .This standard applies to the above mentioned vehicles whose emission can be tested following the provisionsalready laid down for conventional vehicles (i.e. Internal Combustion engine vehicle) from the equivalentcategories.2 Normative referencesThis European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. Thesenormative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. Fordated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this EuropeanStandard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of thepublication referred to applies (including amendments).EN 13447:2001,Electrically propelled road vehicles - TerminologyEN 1986-2:2001,Electrically propelled road vehicles - Measurement of the energy performances -Part 2 : Thermal electric hybrid vehiclesEN ISO 3675,Crude petroleum and liquid petroleum products – Laboratory determination of density -Hydrometer method (ISO 3675:1998)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply (see also EN 13447:2001).3.1electrically propelled road vehicleroad vehicle in which electric energy is transformed by electrical machine(s) into mechanical energy for tractionpurpose.NOTETraction is the term used with the same meaning as propulsion, but for historical reasons, this is the most widelyused term.3.2electric hybrid (road) vehiclehybrid (road) vehicle in which one of the reversible energy source produces electric energy.3.3thermal electric hybrid vehicleelectric hybrid vehicle in which the traction system contains a thermal machine.NOTEVehicle integrating electric machine(s) for functional assistance to the engine such as load levelling devices, starter,electrically driven auxiliary units, etc. should not be considered as electric hybrid vehicles, in so far they do not participate to thetraction.3.4pure electric modedriving mode when only the secondary on board electric energy source delivers energy for traction purpose. Thepure electric mode can be either selected by the driver or automatically selected by the system.For definitions of primary or secondary on board electric energy source, refer to EN 13447:2001 (Terminology).
2) Categories of vehicle M1, N1, and M2 are defined in Directive 92/53/EEC.3) Motor tricyles and quadricycles are defined in Directive 92/61/EEC. In practice, tricycles and quadricycles with a maximumspeed over 45 km/h fall within the scope of this standard.SIST EN 13444-1:2002



Page 5EN 1344-1:20013.5pure thermal modefor a thermal electric hybrid vehicle is the driving mode which can be selected by the driver when only the additionalother kind of on board energy source (including the thermal machine) participates in the propulsion of the vehicle.In this case, the on board secondary electric energy source is not active even for energy recovery.3.6hybrid mode (for an electric hybrid vehicle)another driving mode than the pure electric mode if selected by the driver, or the pure thermal mode. All the onboard energy sources can participate in the propulsion of the vehicle, in accordance with the management systemlogic. The hybrid mode includes the pure electric mode when it is automatically selected by the system.3.7series electric hybrid vehicleseries hybrid vehicle in which all energy sources deliver electric energy.3.8parallel electric hybrid vehicleelectric hybrid vehicle for which the wheel propulsion is produced either by the electric drive train and/or by theadditional form of on board energy source delivering mechanical power, both through a transmission which can becommon or individual3.9on board energy sourcesubsystem of the traction system consisting of a combination of at least storage(s) and possibly converter(s),transmission(s), ancillary device(s). The on-board energy source delivers energy to the power train for tractionpurpose.EXAMPLE 1For a pure electric vehicle, the on board energy source can be made of: for the storage : an electrochemical storage battery ; for the energy delivery system : cables ; for the ancillary devices : thermal management of the battery, on board charger, protection devices.EXAMPLE 2For a series thermal electric hybrid vehicle, the additional other kind of on board energy source can be made of: for the storage : a petrol tank, for the energy delivery system : a generating set including an IC engine plus an alternator and a rectifier, for the ancillary devices : electronic controllers and a cooling system.4 Measurement of the emissions in hybrid mode4.1 PrincipleThe exhaust emission measurement results follow the same test procedure as for the consumption measurementresults, i.e. same vehicle conditions (including driving mode), and same speed profile.SIST EN 13444-1:2002



Page 6EN 1344-1:2001If a pure thermal mode can be selected by the driver, the test of the emission in hybrid mode shall be performed inpure thermal mode following strictly Directive 70/220/EEC as amended 4). Then, the thermal electric hybrid vehiclebehaves like a thermal engine vehicle, and no test procedure in hybrid mode is required.Otherwise, the whole test procedure has to be fulfilled in hybrid mode (see 4.7).The following test procedure ensures that the additional other form of on board energy source participates to thepropulsion of the vehicle. This is the reason why the total distance travelled shall exceed the range of the vehicle inpure electric mode (see clause 4 in EN 1986-2:2001), thus implying at least one cold start of the thermal engine.Annex A completes the operation mode, and defines the measurements to perform and the calculations.4.2 CycleThe cycle is the same as that described in 6.2 in EN 1986-2:2001.4.3 EquipmentThe equipments are the same as those described in 6.3 in EN 1986-2:2001.4.4 FuelThe fuel is the same as that described in 6.4 in EN 1986-2:2001.4.5 Parameters, units and accuracy of measurementsThey are the same as those described in Table 1 in EN 1986-2:2001 with the following additions:Table 1ParameterUnitsAccuracyPrecisionNitrogen oxidevol ppm 1)2 %1 vol ppm 1)Particulates (for compression ignition engine only)g 5 g1 g1) Vol ppm means parts per million in volume.4.6 Test conditionsThe test conditions are the same as described in 6.6 in EN 1986-2:2001.4.7 Operation modeThe operation mode is that described in 6.7 in EN 1986-2:2001, but replacing the set "hydrocarbon, carbonmonoxide and carbon dioxide" with the following set "hydrocarbon, nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide andparticulates". Additionally the Annex A proposed in EN 1986-2:2001 is to be replaced by the Annex A of thisEuropean standard, and Annex D by Annex C.Furthermore, it is recommended to measure the emissions only when the thermal engine is on.4.8 Expression of the resultsThe emission noted in the test report are the following :
4) At the time of the elaboration of this standard, Directive 70/220/EEC was last amended by Directive 96/69/EC. In case offurther amendments, a check of their compatibility with this standard should be undertaken.SIST EN 13444-1:2002



Page 7EN 1344-1:2001 HC as the hydrocarbon emission expressed in grams per kilometre ; CO as the carbon monoxide emission expressed in grams per kilometre ; NOx as the nitrogen oxides expressed in grams per kilometre ; particulate (for compression ignition engine only), expressed in grams per
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