SIST EN 81-31:2010
Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Lifts for the transport of goods only - Part 31: Accessible goods only lifts
Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Lifts for the transport of goods only - Part 31: Accessible goods only lifts
This standard applies for new electric accessible goods only lifts with traction or positive drive and new hydraulic accessible goods only lifts, permanently installed in restricted areas and/or only used by authorized and instructed persons (users), serving fixed and permanent landing levels, having a load carrying unit made of a single load carrying area, designed for the transportation of goods only, moving along a fixed path (e.g. scissor lifts, lifts with guide rails, etc.) and inclined not more than 15° to the vertical, with rated speed not exceeding 1 m/s.
Sicherheitsregeln für die Konstruktion und den Einbau von Aufzügen - Aufzüge für den Gütertransport - Teil 31: Betretbare Güteraufzüge
1.1 Diese Norm gilt für neue elektrisch betriebene betretbare Güteraufzüge mit Treibscheiben-, Trommel-
oder Kettenantrieb und neue hydraulisch betriebene betretbare Güteraufzüge, die in eingeschränkten
Bereichen dauerhaft installiert sind und/oder nur von autorisierten und eingewiesenen Personen (Benutzern)
genutzt werden, die ortsfeste und dauerhafte Ebenen bedienen und ein Lastaufnahmemittel besitzen, das aus
einer einzigen, nur für den Transport von Gütern konstruierten, Lastaufnahmefläche besteht, das sich
zwischen Führungen bewegt (Scherenhebebühne, Aufzüge mit Führungsschienen usw.), die nicht mehr als
15° gegen die Senkrechte geneigt sind, und dessen Nenngeschwindigkeit 1 m/s nicht übersteigt.
Diese Norm befasst sich mit allen für betretbare Güteraufzüge relevanten signifikanten Gefahren,
Gefährdungssituationen und Ereignissen, mit Ausnahme der unter 1.3 genannten, wenn diese wie
vorgesehen und unter den vom Hersteller vorausgesehenen Bedingungen verwendet werden (siehe 4).
Zwei Typen betretbarer Güteraufzüge werden behandelt:
a) Typ A, wobei der beabsichtigte Gebrauch an die folgenden vier gleichzeitigen Bedingungen geknüpft ist:
1) maximal bediente Ebenen: 4;
2) maximale Nenngeschwindigkeit: 0,30 m/s;
3) maximale Förderhöhe: 12 m;
b) Typ B, wenn einer der oben genannten Bedingungen nicht erfüllt ist.
Règles de sécurité pour la construction et l'installation des élévateurs - Elévateurs pour le transport d'objets seulement - Partie 31: Monte charge accessibles
1.1 La présente Norme européenne s'applique aux nouveaux monte charge accessibles électriques à adhérence ou à treuil attelé et aux nouveaux monte charge accessibles hydrauliques, installés de façon permanente dans des zones à accès restreint et/ou uniquement utilisés par du personnel formé et autorisé (utilisateurs), desservant des niveaux fixes et permanents, comportant une unité de transport constituée d’une seule surface de transport, conçus uniquement pour le transport d’objets, se déplaçant le long d’un parcours fixe (par exemple : élévateurs à ciseaux, élévateurs à rails de guidage), d’une inclinaison ne dépassant pas 15° par rapport à la verticale et d’une vitesse nominale n'excédant pas 1 m/s.
La présente Norme européenne ne couvre que les monte charge accessibles dont la charge nominale est supérieure à 300 kg et qui ne sont pas destinés au transport de personnes.
Cette norme traite, à l’exception de ceux répertoriés au 1.3 ci-dessous, de tous les phénomènes, situations, et événements dangereux significatifs associés aux monte charge accessibles lorsqu’ils sont utilisés dans le cadre de leur usage prévu et des conditions prévues par le fabricant (voir l’Article 4).
1.2 Dans le cadre de la présente Norme européenne, un monte charge est considéré accessible lorsque l’une des conditions ci-dessous est remplie :
a) la surface au sol de l’unité de transport est supérieure à 1,0 m² ;
b) la profondeur de l’unité de transport est supérieure à 1,0 m ;
c) la hauteur de l’unité de transport est supérieure à 1,20 m.
Dans le cas d'une plate-forme, elle est considérée accessible lorsque la hauteur des portes palières est supérieure à 1,20 m.
1.3 Deux types de monte charge accessibles sont traités :
a) le type A, dont l'usage prévu remplit simultanément les deux conditions suivantes :
1) vitesse nominale maximale : 0,30 m/s ;
2) course maximale : soit 12 m ;
b) le type B, lorsque l'une des conditions susmentionnées n'est pas remplie.
1.4 La présente Norme européenne ne donne pas les prescriptions à satisfaire dans des cas particuliers (atmosphère explosible, conditions climatiques extrêmes, conditions sismiques, transport d’objets dangereux, etc.).
1.5 La présente norme ne s’applique pas :
a) aux monte charge accessibles
1) ayant plus d’une machine ;
2) dont les chargement et déchargement sont automatisés ou dont le plancher de l’unité de transport est équipé de dispositifs mobiles (par exemple des rouleaux) à des fins de chargement et de déchargement ;
3) destinés au transport de marchandises en vrac (comme du sable, gravier, etc.) ;
b) les appareils de levage comportant plus d’une unité de transport, les bennes, les monte charge des chantiers de construction, des applications souterraines, des dispositifs d’excavation de mine, des navires et unités mobiles en mer, les machineries destinées à déplacer des acteurs au cours de performances artistiques, les monte charge conçus et fabriqués spécialement à des fins de recherche pour un usage temporaire en laboratoire, les monte charge conçus et fabriqués spécialement pour un usage policier ou militaire ;
c) les installations dont l’inclinaison du parcours fixe s’écarte de la verticale de plus de 15°;
d) la sécurité au cours du transport, de l’installation, des réparations et du démontage des monte charge accessibles ;
e) l'utilisation de matériaux translucides pour les parois de la gaine et des emplacements de machinerie, pour l’unité de transport et les portes palières, à l'exception de leurs regards ;
f) l'utilisation de systèmes électroniques programmables dans les applications liées à la sécurité des élévateurs (PESSRAL).
Toutefois, la présente Norme européenne peut utilement servir de guide, le cas échéant.....(...)
Varnostna pravila za konstruiranje in vgradnjo dvigal (liftov) - Dvigala, namenjena samo za prevoz tovora - 31. del: Dostopna tovorna dvigala
1.1 Ta evropski standard velja za nova električna dostopna tovorna dvigala z vlečnim ali pozitivnim pogonom in nova hidravlična dostopna tovorna dvigala, ki so stalno nameščena v območju omejitev in/ali ki jih uporabljajo samo pooblaščene in poučene osebe (uporabniki), s pripustom pritrjene in stalne ravni za iztovarjanje in z enoto za nošenje tovora, narejeno iz ene samo površine za nošenje tovora, ki so namenjena samo za prevoz tovora in se premikajo po stalni poti (npr. škarjasta dvigala, dvigala z vodilnimi tračnicami), niso nagnjena za več kot 15° od navpičnice in imajo nazivno hitrost, ki ne presega 1 m/s. Ta evropski standard zajema dostopna tovorna dvigala z nazivno obremenitvijo nad 300 kg, ki niso namenjena za prevoz oseb. Ta standard obravnava vse bistvene nevarnosti, nevarne stanja in dogodke, razen tistih, ki so navedeni spodaj pod točko 1.3, ki veljajo za dostopna tovorna dvigala, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu z namembnostjo in pod pogoji, kot jih je predvidel proizvajalec (glej Klavzulo 4).
1.2 V tem evropskem standardu tovorno dvigalo velja za dostopno, kadar je izpolnjen eden od spodnjih pogojev:
a) talna površina enote za nošenje tovora je večja od 1,0 m2;
a) globina enote za nošenje tovora je večja od 1,0 m;
a) višina enote za nošenje tovora je večja od 1,20 m. V primeru platforme velja za dostopno, kadar višina vrat za iztovarjanje presega 1,20 m.
1.3 Obravnavani sta dve vrsti dostopnih tovornih dvigal:
a) tip A, kjer je namen uporabe odvisen od naslednjih sočasnih pogojev:
1) maksimalna nazivna hitrost: 0,30 m/s;
2) maksimalna potovalna višina: 12 m;
b) tip B, kjer eden od zgornjih pogojev ni izpolnjen.
1.4 Ta evropski standard ne podaja zahtev, ki morajo biti izpolnjene v posebnih primerih (morebitne eksplozivne atmosfere, skrajni klimatski pogoji, seizmični pogoji, prenos nevarnega blaga itd.).
1.5 Ta standard ne velja za:
a) dostopna tovorna dvigala:
1) z več kot enim strojem;
2) pri katerih je natovarjanje in raztovarjanje avtomatizirano ali pri katerih so tla enote za nošenje tovora opremljena s premičnimi pripomočki (npr. valji) za natovarjanje in raztovarjanje;
3) namenjena za prevoz razsutega tovora (kot je razsut pesek, gramoz itd.);
b) dvižne pripomočke, kot so pripomočki z več kot eno enoto za nošenje tovora, skipe, tovorna dvigala za gradbišča ali podzemeljsko uporabo, rudniške izvozne naprave, tovorna dvigala na morskih plovilih in mobilnih enotah na morju, stroje, namenjene za premikanje izvajalcev med umetniškimi predstavami, tovorna dvigala, posebej načrtovana in zgrajena za raziskovalne namene za začasno uporabo v laboratorijih, tovorna dvigala, posebej načrtovana in zgrajena za vojaške ali policijske namene;
c) instalacije, pri katerih nagib stalnega premikanja glede na navpičnico presega 15°;
d) varnost med prevozom, vgradnjo, popravili in razstavljanjem tovornih dvigal;
e) uporabo prosojnega materiala za stene jaška in prostore za stroje, za enoto za nošenje tovora in za vrata za raztovarjanje, razen za opazovalna okenca;
f) uporabo programirljivih elektronskih sistemov pri aplikacijah, povezanih z varnostjo dvigal (PESSRAL).
Vendar pa se ta evropski standard lahko koristno uporabi kot vodilo, kjer je to ustrezno.
1.6 Ta evropski standard ne velja za dostopna tovorna dvigala, izdelana pred datumom, ko je bil objavljen kot EN.
1.7 Bistvene nevarnosti, nevarne situacije in dogodki, ki jih obravnava ta standard, so tisti, ki so navedeni v EN ISO 14121-1:2007, Dodatek A (glej Klavzulo 4), z izjemo:
- hrupa;
- tresenja;
- požara;
- kakršne koli oblike sevanja razen elektromagnetnega sevanja.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 81-31:2010
01-oktober-2010
Varnostna pravila za konstruiranje in vgradnjo dvigal (liftov) - Dvigala, namenjena
samo za prevoz tovora - 31. del: Dostopna tovorna dvigala
Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Lifts for the transport of goods
only - Part 31: Accessible goods only lifts
Sicherheitsregeln für die Konstruktion und den Einbau von Aufzügen - Aufzüge für den
Gütertransport - Teil 31: Betretbare Güteraufzüge
Règles de sécurité pour la construction et l'installation des élévateurs - Elévateurs pour
le transport d'objets seulement - Partie 31: Monte charge accessibles
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 81-31:2010
ICS:
91.140.90 'YLJDOD7HNRþHVWRSQLFH Lifts. Escalators
SIST EN 81-31:2010 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 81-31:2010
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SIST EN 81-31:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 81-31
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2010
ICS 91.140.90
English Version
Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Lifts for
the transport of goods only - Part 31: Accessible goods only lifts
Règles de sécurité pour la construction et l'installation des Sicherheitsregeln für die Konstruktion und den Einbau von
élévateurs - Elévateurs pour le transport d'objets seulement Aufzügen - Aufzüge für den Gütertransport - Teil 31:
- Partie 31: Monte charge accessibles Betretbare Güteraufzüge
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 February 2010.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 81-31:2010: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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SIST EN 81-31:2010
EN 81-31:2010 (E)
Contents
Page
Foreword . 4
0 Introduction . 5
0.1 General . 5
0.2 Principles . 5
0.3 Assumptions . 6
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 9
3 Terms, definitions, units and symbols .11
3.1 Terms and definitions .11
3.2 Units and symbols .17
4 List of significant hazards .17
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures .20
5.1 General .20
5.2 Lift well .21
5.3 Machinery spaces .27
5.4 Landing doors .30
5.5 Load carrying unit, counterweight and balancing weight .34
5.6 Suspension, uncontrolled movement and overspeed protection .38
5.7 Guiding systems, mechanical stops and final limit switches .45
5.8 Lift machine .48
5.9 Electric installations and appliances .49
5.10 Protection against electric faults; controls; priorities .54
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures .62
6.1 Verification and tests .62
6.2 Verification of design .62
6.3 Verification tests before putting into service .64
7 Information for use .65
7.1 Notices, markings and operating instructions .65
7.2 Vendor information for use .69
Annex A (normative) List of the electric safety devices .75
Annex B (normative) Unlocking triangle .77
Annex C (informative) Technical dossier .78
C.1 General .78
C.2 Technical details and plans .78
C.3 Electric and hydraulic schematic diagrams.79
Annex D (normative) Examinations and tests before putting into service .80
D.1 Examinations .80
D.2 Tests and verifications .80
Annex E (informative) Periodical examinations and tests, examinations and tests after an
important modification or after an accident .84
E.1 Periodical examinations and tests .84
E.2 Examinations and tests after an important modification or after an accident .84
Annex F (normative) Safety components − Test procedures for verification of conformity .86
F.1 Introduction .86
F.2 Landing door locking devices .87
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EN 81-31:2010 (E)
F.3 Safety gear . 91
F.4 Rope driven overspeed governors . 94
F.5 Safety circuits containing electronic components . 96
F.6 Rupture valve/one-way restrictor . 98
Annex G (normative) Requirements for traction, positive or hydraulic driving systems . 103
G.1 Traction and positive drive . 103
G.2 Hydraulic drive . 105
Annex H (informative) Construction of walls of lift well and landing doors facing a load carrying
unit entrance . 114
Annex I (normative) Calculations of rams, cylinder and pipes . 115
I.1 Calculations against over pressure . 115
I.2 Calculations of the jacks against buckling . 118
Annex J (informative) Information to the user/owner of an accessible goods only lift . 125
J.1 General . 125
J.2 Means of access to machinery space entrance of the accessible goods only lift . 125
J.3 Maintenance work carried out from a step of a ladder . 125
J.4 Lighting and socket outlets . 126
J.5 Local lighting of openings at landings . 126
Annex K (normative) Electronic components − Failure exclusion . 127
Annex L (normative) Reduced clearances in headroom and pit. 134
L.1 General . 134
L.2 Reduced top clearances . 134
L.3 Reduced bottom clearances . 138
Annex M (normative) Examination of pre-triggered stopping system . 143
M.1 General . 143
M.2 General provisions . 143
M.3 Statement and test samples . 143
M.4 Laboratory tests . 144
M.5 Calculation . 145
M.6 Test report . 147
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 148
Bibliography . 149
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SIST EN 81-31:2010
EN 81-31:2010 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN 81-31:2010) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 10 “Lifts, escalators
and moving walks”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2010, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by October 2010.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
This standard is a part of the EN 81 series of standards, which covers safety rules for the construction and
installation of lifts. See CEN/TR 81-10.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
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SIST EN 81-31:2010
EN 81-31:2010 (E)
0 Introduction
0.1 General
0.1.1 The object of this European Standard is to give safety rules related to the construction and
installation of accessible goods only lifts, with a view to safeguarding persons and objects against the risk of
accidents associated with the use, maintenance and emergency operation of accessible goods only lifts.
This document is a type C standard as specified in EN ISO 12100-1.
The accessible goods only lift installation concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations
and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different to those, which are stated in type A or B standards, the
provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines
that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
0.1.2 The following are to be safeguarded:
a) persons such as:
1) operators and users;
2) maintenance personnel;
3) persons in the near vicinity, outside the accessible goods only lift well, the machine room/spaces
and pulley room/spaces (if any);
b) objects such as components of the accessible goods only lift installation and load inside the load
carrying unit;
c) building parts (see 0.2.5) such as those parts of the building which are directly associated with the
accessible goods only lift.
0.2 Principles
0.2.1 In drawing up this European Standard the following have been used:
0.2.2 This European Standard does not repeat all the general technical rules applicable to every electrical,
mechanical, or building construction including the protection of building elements against fire.
0.2.3 This European Standard addresses the essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive
including those related to the well and machinery spaces, excluding any other requirement for the building.
There can be in some countries regulations for the construction of buildings, etc,. which cannot be ignored.
Typical clauses affected by this are those defining minimum values for the height of the machine and pulley
rooms and for their access doors dimensions.
0.2.4 When the weight, size and/or shape of components of the machinery prevent them from being
moved by hand, they are either:
a) fitted with attachments for lifting gear; or
b) designed so that they can be fitted with such attachments (e.g. by means of threaded holes); or
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SIST EN 81-31:2010
EN 81-31:2010 (E)
c) shaped in such a way that standard lifting gear can easily be attached.
0.2.5 Negotiations have been made between the parties involved and decisions have been taken,
particularly about:
a) the intended use of the accessible goods only lift and its limits;
b) environmental conditions, including surrounding lighting;
c) compliance of the civil engineering with the requirements of this European Standard for those parts of
the installation, which belong to the building and are not provided by the manufacturer.
0.3 Assumptions
0.3.1 Risks have been considered for each component that may be incorporated in a complete accessible
goods only lift installation.
Rules have been drawn up accordingly to mitigate such risks.
0.3.2 Components are:
a) designed in accordance with usual engineering practice and calculation codes, taking into account all
failure modes;
b) of sound mechanical and electrical construction;
c) made of materials with adequate strength and of suitable quality. Harmful materials, such as asbestos,
are not used.
0.3.3 The machine is kept in good repair and working order, so that the initial safety level is maintained.
0.3.4 The IP code of electrical components is selected in relation with the intended use where not
specified in this European Standard in accordance with EN 60529.
0.3.5 By design of the load bearing elements, a safe operation of the accessible goods only lift is assured
for loads ranging from 0 % to 100 % of the rated load, including provisions for taking into account possible
overloading.
0.3.6 The requirements of this European Standard regarding electric safety devices are such that the
possibility of a failure of an electric safety device complying with all the requirements of the standard needs
not to be taken into consideration.
0.3.7 A user may, in certain cases, make one imprudent act. The possibility of two simultaneous acts of
imprudence and/or the abuse of instructions for use is not considered.
0.3.8 If in the course of maintenance work a safety device, normally not accessible to the user, is
deliberately neutralised, safe operation of the accessible goods only lift is no longer assured, but
compensatory measures will be taken to ensure safety of all persons in conformity with maintenance
instructions according to EN 13015.
It is assumed that maintenance personnel are instructed and work according to the instructions.
0.3.9 For horizontal forces, the following have been used:
a) static force: minimum 300 N;
b) force resulting from impact: minimum 1 000 N,
reflecting the values that one person can exert.
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EN 81-31:2010 (E)
Higher values need to be taken into account where powered or hand powered means for loading and
unloading are intended to be used (see 0.2.5).
0.3.10 With the exception of the items listed below, a mechanical device built according to good practice
and the requirements of the standard will not deteriorate to a point of creating hazard without the possibility
of detection as long as regular and periodical examinations, tests and maintenance are carried out according
to the instruction manual delivered with the installation.
The following mechanical failures, where applicable, are considered in the requirements:
a) breakage of the suspension;
b) uncontrolled slipping of the ropes on the traction sheave;
c) breakage and slackening of all linkage by auxiliary ropes, chains and belts;
d) failure of one of the mechanical components of the electromechanical brake which takes part in the
application of the braking action on the drum or disk;
e) failure of a component associated with the main drive elements and the traction sheave;
f) rupture in the hydraulic system (jack excluded).
0.3.11 When the speed of the load carrying unit is linked to the electrical frequency of the mains up to the
moment of application of the mechanical brake, the speed is assumed not to exceed 115 % of the rated
speed or a corresponding fractional speed.
0.3.12 When the device according to 5.2.14 is provided, the organisation within the building, where the
accessible goods only lift is installed, is such that it can respond effectively to emergency calls without undue
delay (see 0.2.5).
0.3.13 Means of access are provided for the hoisting of heavy equipment (see 0.2.5).
0.3.14 To ensure the correct functioning of the equipment in the machinery spaces, the ambient
temperature in these spaces is assumed to be maintained between + 5 °C and + 40 °C (see EN 60204-1).
When the temperature exceeds these limits, appropriate means are used to compensate the difference, such
as heating or cooling (see 0.2.5).
0.3.15 Accessible goods only lifts are used only by authorised and instructed users. This can be achieved
by the way of key operated control buttons, key card operated control or similar devices or the accessible
goods only lifts are installed in an area where only trained persons have access (see 0.2.5).
0.3.16 The fixing system of guards, which have to be removed during maintenance and inspection, remains
attached to the guard or to the equipment, when the guard is removed.
0.3.17 The location of the accessible goods only lift to be such that users using the accessible goods only
lift have means conveniently available to them, to access the different landing levels served, either a
staircase or a means for the transportation of persons, within a reasonable distance.
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1 Scope
1.1 This European Standard applies to new electric accessible goods only lifts with traction or positive
drive and new hydraulic accessible goods only lifts, permanently installed in restricted areas and/or only
used by authorised and instructed persons (users), serving fixed and permanent landing levels, having a
load carrying unit made of a single load carrying area, designed for the transportation of goods only, moving
along a fixed path (e.g. scissor lifts, lifts with guide rails) and inclined not more than 15° to the vertical, with
rated speed not exceeding 1 m/s.
This European Standard covers accessible goods only lifts with rated load exceeding 300 kg and not
intended to move persons.
This standard deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events with the exception of those
listed in 1.3 below, relevant to accessible goods only lifts, when they are used as intended and under the
conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
1.2 For the purpose of this European Standard, a goods only lift is regarded as accessible where one of
the following conditions is satisfied:
2
a) floor area of the load carrying unit is greater than 1,0 m ;
b) depth of the load carrying unit is greater than 1,0 m;
c) height of the load carrying unit is greater than 1,20 m.
In case of a platform, it is considered accessible when the height of the landing doors is more than 1,20 m.
1.3 Two types of accessible goods only lifts are addressed:
a) Type A, where the intended use is bound to the following two simultaneous conditions:
1) maximum rated speed: 0,30 m/s;
2) maximum travelling height: 12 m;
b) Type B, where one of the conditions mentioned above is not fulfilled.
1.4 This European Standard does not give the requirements to be met in special cases (potentially
explosive atmosphere, extreme climate conditions, seismic conditions, transporting dangerous goods, etc.).
1.5 This standard is not applicable to:
a) accessible goods only lifts:
1) with more than one machine;
2) where loading and unloading is automated or the load carrying unit floor is fitted with mobile devices
(e.g. rollers) for loading and unloading purposes;
3) intended to carry bulk loads (such as loose sand, gravel, etc.);
b) lifting appliances, such as appliances with more than one load carrying unit, skips, goods only lifts for
construction sites, for underground applications, mine winding gear, goods only lifts on seagoing vessels
and mobile offshore units, machinery intended to move performers during artistic performances, goods
only lifts specially designed and constructed for research purposes for temporary use in laboratories,
goods only lifts specially designed and constructed for military or police purposes;
c) installations where the inclination of the fixed course of movement to the vertical exceeds 15°;
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SIST EN 81-31:2010
EN 81-31:2010 (E)
d) safety during transport, installation, repairs and dismantling of accessible goods only lifts;
e) the use of translucent material for the walls of the well and machinery spaces, for the load carrying unit
and for the landing doors with the exception of their vision panels;
f) the use of programmable electronic systems in safety related applications for lifts (PESSRAL).
However, this European Standard may usefully be taken as guidance where relevant.
1.6 This European Standard is not applicable to accessible goods only lifts which were manufactured
before the date of its publication as EN.
1.7 The significant hazards, hazardous situations and events dealt with by this standard are those listed in
EN ISO 14121-1:2007, Annex A (see Clause 4) with the exception of:
noise;
vibration;
fire;
any form of radiation except EMC.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 81-1:1998, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts — Part 1: Electric lifts
EN 81-2:1998, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts — Part 2: Hydraulic lifts
EN 349, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of human body
EN 1005-3, Safety of machinery — Human physical performance — Part 3: Recommended force limits for
machinery operation
EN 12015, Electromagnetic compatibility — Product family standard for lifts, escalators and moving walks —
Emission
EN 12016, Electromagnetic compatibility — Product family standard for lifts, escalators and moving walks —
Immunity
EN 12385-4, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 4: Stranded ropes for general lifting applications
EN 12385-5, Steel wire ropes — Safety — Part 5: Stranded ropes for lifts
EN 13015, Maintenance for lifts and escalators — Rules for maintenance instructions
EN 50214, Flat polyvinyl chloride sheathed flexible cables
EN 60068-2-6:2008, Environmental testing — Part 2-6: Tests — Tests Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal)
(IEC 60068-2-6:2007)
EN 60068-2-14:2009, Environmental testing — Part 2-14: Tests — Test N: Change of temperature (IEC
60068-2-14:2009)
9
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SIST EN 81-31:2010
EN 81-31:2010 (E)
EN 60068-2-27:2009, Environmental testing — Part 2: Tests — Test Ea and guidance: Shock
(IEC 60068-2-27:2008)
EN 60068-2-29:1993, Basic environmental testing procedures — Part 2: Tests — Test Eb and guidance:
Bump (IEC 60068-2-29:1987)
EN 60112, Method for the determination of the proof and the comparative tracking indices of solid insulating
materials (IEC 60112
...
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 81-31
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2006
ICS
English Version
Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts - Lifts for
the transport of goods only - Part 31: Accessible goods only lifts
Sicherheitsregeln für die Konstruktion und den Einbau von
Aufzügen - Aufzüge für den Gütertransport - Teil 31:
Betretbare Güteraufzüge
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 10.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels
© 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 81-31:2006: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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prEN 81-31:2006 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword. 6
Introduction . 7
0.1 General. 7
0.2 Principles. 7
0.3 Assumptions . 8
1 Scope . 9
2 Normative references . 11
3 Terms, definitions, units and symbols . 13
3.1 Terms and definitions. 13
3.2 Units and symbols . 17
3.2.1 Units . 17
3.2.2 Symbols . 17
4 List of significant hazards. 17
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 20
5.1 Lift well. 20
5.1.1 General provisions . 20
5.1.2 Well enclosure. 21
5.1.3 Inspection doors – Vertically hinged inspection traps. 21
5.1.4 Ventilation of the well. 22
5.1.5 Walls, floor and ceiling of the well. 22
5.1.6 Strength of the walls. 22
5.1.7 Strength of the pit floor. 22
5.1.8 Construction and clearances of the walls of lift wells and landing doors facing a load
carrying unit entrance . 22
5.1.9 Protection of any spaces located below the load carrying unit, the counterweight or the
balancing weight. 23
5.1.10 Protection in the well. 23
5.1.11 Headroom and pit . 24
5.1.12 Exclusive use of the lift well . 26
5.1.13 Lighting of the well . 27
5.1.14 Alarm device. 27
5.2 Machinery spaces. 27
5.2.1 General provisions . 27
5.2.2 Access. 28
5.2.3 Construction and equipment of machinery spaces . 28
5.3 Landing doors . 29
5.3.1 General provisions . 29
5.3.2 Height, width, sills of openings at landings. 29
5.3.3 Doors. 30
5.3.4 Protection against risk of falling and shearing. 31
5.3.5 Locking and manual unlocking . 32
5.3.6 Electrical device for proving the landing doors closed. 33
5.4 Load carrying unit, counterweight and balancing weight. 34
5.4.1 Load carrying unit. 34
5.4.2 Counterweight and balancing weight. 37
5.5 Suspension, uncontrolled movement and overspeed protection . 38
5.5.1 Suspension. 38
5.5.2 Uncontrolled movement and overspeed . 39
5.5.3 Protection for traction sheaves, pulleys and sprockets. 42
5.5.4 Guarding of machinery. 43
5.6 Guiding systems, mechanical stops and final limit switches. 44
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prEN 81-31:2006 (E)
5.6.1 General provisions concerning guiding system.44
5.6.2 Guiding of the load carrying unit, counterweight or balancing weight.45
5.6.3 Fixed stops and buffers for load carrying unit and counterweight, balancing weight.46
5.6.4 Final limit switches .47
5.7 Lift machine .48
5.7.1 General provision.48
5.7.2 Speed.48
5.8 Electric installations and appliances .48
5.8.1 General provisions.48
5.8.2 Contactors, relay-contactors, components of safety circuits.49
5.8.3 Protection of motors and other electrical equipment .50
5.8.4 Main switches .50
5.8.5 Electric wiring.51
5.9 Protection against electric faults; controls; priorities .53
5.9.1 Failure analysis and electric safety devices.53
5.9.2 Controls.57
6 Verification of the safety requirements and/or protective measures .61
6.1 Verification and tests .61
6.1.1 Verification of design.61
6.1.2 Verification tests before putting into service.63
6.1.3 Periodical examinations .64
6.1.4 Examinations and tests after important modifications or accidents.64
7 Information for use.64
7.1 Notices, markings and operating instructions.64
7.1.1 General provisions.64
7.1.2 Rating plate.64
7.1.3 Load carrying unit .65
7.1.4 Landings.66
7.1.5 Machinery spaces .66
7.1.6 Well .66
7.1.7 Safety components .67
7.1.8 Pit .67
7.1.9 Electrical identification.67
7.1.10 Unlocking key for landing doors .67
7.1.11 Alarm device .68
7.1.12 Groups of lifts (Traduction:élévateur en français, elevatori in Italian).68
7.1.13 Emergency lowering valve .68
7.1.14 Hand pump.68
7.1.15 Tank .68
7.2 Vendor information for use .68
7.2.1 Contents of the instruction manual.68
7.2.2 Logbook .73
Annex A (normative) List of the electric safety devices .74
Annex B (normative) Unlocking triangle.75
Annex C (normative) Technical dossier.76
C.1 Introduction.76
C.2 General .76
C.3 Technical details and plans.76
C.4 Electric and hydraulic schematic diagrams .77
Annex D (normative) Examinations and tests before putting into service .78
D.1 Examinations .78
D.2 Tests and verifications .78
Annex E (informative) Periodical examinations and tests, examinations and tests after an
important modification or after an accident.82
E.1 Periodical examinations and tests .82
E.2 Examinations and tests after an important modification or after an accident .82
Annex F (Normative) Safety components - Test procedures for verification of conformity .84
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prEN 81-31:2006 (E)
F.1 Introduction . 84
F.1.1 General provisions . 84
F.1.2 Model form of a test report . 85
F.2 Landing door locking devices . 85
F.2.1 General provisions . 85
F.2.2 Examination and tests. 86
F.2.3 Test particular to certain types of locking devices . 88
F.2.4 Type test report. 89
F.3 Safety gear. 89
F.3.1 General provisions . 89
F.3.2 Instantaneous safety gear. 89
F.3.3 Comments . 92
F.3.4 Type test report. 92
F.4 Rope driven overspeed detection devices. 93
F.4.1 General provisions . 93
F.4.2 Check on the characteristics of the overspeed detection device . 93
F.4.3 Type test report. 94
F.5 Safety circuits containing electronic components . 94
F.5.1 General provisions . 94
F.5.2 Test samples . 95
F.5.3 Tests. 95
F.5.4 Type test report. 96
F.6 Rupture valve/one-way restrictor. 97
F.6.1 General provisions . 97
F.6.2 Test samples . 97
F.6.3 Test. 97
F.6.4 Test procedure . 98
F.6.5 Interpretation of the tests. 99
F.6.6 Type test report. 99
Annex G (normative) Driving systems taken into account in this standard. 101
G.1 Traction and positive drive . 101
G.1.1 Drive of the load carrying unit and the counterweight or balancing weight . 101
G.1.2 Rope traction. 101
G.1.3 Winding up of ropes for positive drive lifts. 101
G.1.4 Braking system . 102
G.1.5 Manual operation . 103
G.1.6 Safety device against slack rope or slack chain . 103
G.2 Hydraulic drive . 103
G.2.1 General provisions . 103
G.2.2 Jacks . 103
G.2.3 Piping . 106
G.2.4 Stopping the machine and checking its stopped condition. 107
G.2.5 Hydraulic control and safety devices . 107
G.2.6 Checking the pressure . 110
G.2.7 Tank. 110
G.2.8 Manual operation . 110
G.2.9 Safety device against slack rope or slack chain for indirect acting lift . 111
Annex H (informative) Construction of walls of accessible goods only lift well and landing
doors facing a load carrying unit entrance. 112
Annex I (normative) Calculations of rams, cylinder and pipes. 113
I.1 Calculations against over pressure . 113
I.1.1 Calculation of wall thickness of rams, cylinders, rigid pipes and fittings. 113
I.1.2 Calculation of the base thickness of cylinders (examples). 113
I.2 Calculations of the jacks against buckling . 115
I.2.1 Single jacks . 115
I.2.2 Telescopic jacks without external guidance, calculation of ram. 116
I.2.3 Telescopic jacks with external guidance . 117
Annex J (informative) Information to the user/owner of an accessible goods only lift . 119
J.1 Means of access to machinery space entrance of the accessible goods only lift . 119
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prEN 81-31:2006 (E)
J.2 Maintenance work carried out from a step of a ladder.119
J.3 Lighting and socket outlets.120
J.4 Local lighting of openings at landings .120
Annex K (normative) Electronic components - Failure exclusion .121
Annex L (normative) Headrooms and pits.128
Annex ZA (informative) Clauses of this European Standard addressing essential requirements
or other provisions of EU Directives.134
5.4.1.9 Lighting .135
Bibliography.136
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prEN 81-31:2006 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 81-31:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 10 “Lifts, escalators
and moving walks”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
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prEN 81-31:2006 (E)
Introduction
0.1 General
The object of this Standard is to give safety rules related to the construction and installation of accessible
goods only lifts, with a view to safeguarding persons and objects against the risk of accidents associated with
the use, maintenance- and emergency operation of accessible goods only lifts.
This document is a C-type standard as stated in EN ISO 12100.
The accessible goods only lift installation concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations
and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those, which are stated in type A or B standards,
the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for
machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard.
0.2 Principles
In drawing up this standard the following have been used.
0.2.1 This standard does not repeat all the general technical rules applicable to every electrical,
mechanical, or building construction including the protection of building elements against fire.
0.2.2 This standard addresses the essential safety requirements of the Machinery Directive including
those related to the well and machinery spaces, excluding any other requir
...
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