SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004
01-januar-2004
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Acoustics and vibration - Laboratory measurement of vibro-acyustic transfer properties of
resilient elements - Part 4: Dynamic stiffness of elements other than resilient supports for
translatory motion (ISO 10846-4:2003)
Akustik und Schwingungstechnik - Laborverfahren zur Messung der vibro-akustischen
Transfereigenschaften elastischer Elemente - Teil 4: Bestimmung der dynamischen
Transfersteifigkeit von elastischen Elementen mit Ausnahme elastischer Stützelemente
für translatorische Schwingungen (ISO 10846-4:2003)
Acoustique et vibrations - Mesurage en laboratoire des propriétés de transfert vibro-
acoustique des éléments élastiques - Partie 4: Raideur dynamique en translation des
éléments autres que les supports élastiques (ISO 10846-4:2003)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 10846-4:2003
ICS:
17.140.01 $NXVWLþQDPHUMHQMDLQ Acoustic measurements and
EODåHQMHKUXSDQDVSORãQR noise abatement in general
17.160 Vibracije, meritve udarcev in Vibrations, shock and
vibracij vibration measurements
SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004

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SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 10846-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2003
ICS 17.140.01
English version
Acoustics and vibration - Laboratory measurement of vibro-
acyustic transfer properties of resilient elements - Part 4:
Dynamic stiffness of elements other than resilient supports for
translatory motion (ISO 10846-4:2003)
Acoustique et vibrations - Mesurage en laboratoire des Akustik und Schwingungstechnik - Laborverfahren zur
propriétés de transfert vibro-acoustique des éléments Messung der vibro-akustischen Transfereigenschaften
élastiques - Partie 4: Raideur dynamique en translation des elastischer Elemente - Teil 4: Bestimmung der
éléments autres que les supports élastiques (ISO 10846- dynamischen Transfersteifigkeit von elastischen Elementen
4:2003) mit Ausnahme elastischer Stützelemente für translatorische
Schwingungen (ISO 10846-4:2003)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 August 2003.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United
Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2003 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 10846-4:2003 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004
EN ISO 10846-4:2003 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 10846-4:2003) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43
"Acoustics" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 211 "Acoustics", the secretariat
of which is held by DS.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2004, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2004.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
the United Kingdom.
NOTE FROM CMC  The foreword is susceptible to be amended on reception of the German
language version. The confirmed or amended foreword, and when appropriate, the normative
annex ZA for the references to international publications with their relevant European
publications will be circulated with the German version.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 10846-4:2003 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 10846-4:2003 without any
modifications.
2

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SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004


INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 10846-4
First edition
2003-09-01


Acoustics and vibration — Laboratory
measurement of vibro-acoustic transfer
properties of resilient elements —
Part 4:
Dynamic stiffness of elements other than
resilient supports for translatory motion
Acoustique et vibrations — Mesurage en laboratoire des propriétés de
transfert vibro-acoustique des éléments élastiques —
Partie 4: Raideur dynamique en translation des éléments autres que les
supports élastiques




Reference number
ISO 10846-4:2003(E)
©
ISO 2003

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SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004
ISO 10846-4:2003(E)
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ii © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004
ISO 10846-4:2003(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope. 1
2 Normative references. 2
3 Terms and definitions. 3
4 Principles. 5
5 Test arrangements. 6
5.1 General. 6
5.2 Local coordinate systems. 6
5.3 Test rig components. 6
5.4 Suppression of unwanted vibrations. 8
6 Criteria for adequacy of the test arrangement.19
6.1 Frequency range. 19
6.2 Measurement of blocking force in the direct method . 20
6.3 Determination of upper frequency limit f in the indirect method . 20
3
6.4 Flanking transmission. 23
6.5 Unwanted input vibrations. 23
6.6 Accelerometers. 24
6.7 Force transducers. 24
6.8 Summation of signals. 24
6.9 Analysers. 25
7 Test procedures. 25
7.1 Installation of the test elements . 25
7.2 Selection of force measurement system and force distribution plates . 25
7.3 Mounting and connection of accelerometers . 25
7.4 Mounting and connection of the vibration exciter . 25
7.5 Source signal. 26
7.6 Measurements. 26
7.7 Test for linearity . 27
8 Evaluation of test results . 28
8.1 Evaluation of dynamic transfer stiffness for direct method. 28
8.2 Calculation of dynamic transfer stiffness for indirect method . 28
8.3 One-third-octave-band values of the frequency-averaged dynamic transfer stiffness. 28
8.4 Presentation of one-third-octave-band results. 29
8.5 Presentation of narrow-band data. 30
9 Information to be recorded . 30
10 Test report. 31
Annex A (informative) Transfer stiffness related to rotatory vibration components . 32
Bibliography . 33



© ISO 2003 — All rights reserved iii

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SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004
ISO 10846-4:2003(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 10846-4 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 1, Noise, in
collaboration with ISO/TC 108, Mechanical vibration and shock.
ISO 10846 consists of the following parts, under the general title Acoustics and vibration — Laboratory
measurement of vibro-acoustic transfer properties of resilient elements:
 Part 1: Principles and guidelines
 Part 2: Dynamic stiffness of elastic supports for translatory motion — Direct method
 Part 3: Indirect method for determination of the dynamic stiffness of resilient supports for translatory
motion
 Part 4: Dynamic stiffness of elements other than resilient supports for translatory motion
 Part 5: Driving point method for the determination of the low frequency dynamic stiffness of elastic
supports for translatory motion
iv © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004
ISO 10846-4:2003(E)
Introduction
Passive vibration isolators of various kinds are used to reduce the transmission of vibrations. Examples are
automobile engine mounts, resilient supports for buildings, resilient mounts and flexible shaft couplings for
shipboard machinery, and small isolators in household appliances.
This part of ISO 10846 specifies a direct and an indirect method for measuring the dynamic transfer stiffness
function of linear resilient elements (other than resilient supports) such as resilient bellows, hoses, shaft
couplings, power supply cables and pipe hangers. This part of ISO 10846 belongs to a series of International
Standards on methods for the laboratory measurement of the vibro-acoustic properties of resilient elements,
which also includes documents on measurement principles and on a direct, an indirect and a driving point
method for resilient supports. ISO 10846-1 provides global guidance for the selection of the appropriate
International Standard.
The laboratory conditions described in this part of ISO 10846 include the application of static preload, where
appropriate.
The results of the method described in this part of ISO 10846 are useful for resilient elements that are used to
reduce the transmission of structure-borne sound (primarily frequencies above 20 Hz). The method does not
characterize completely elements that are used to attenuate low-frequency vibration or shock excursions.


© ISO 2003 — All rights reserved v

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SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004

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SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10846-4:2003(E)

Acoustics and vibration — Laboratory measurement of vibro-
acoustic transfer properties of resilient elements —
Part 4:
Dynamic stiffness of elements other than resilient supports for
translatory motion
1 Scope
This part of ISO 10846 specifies two methods for determining the dynamic transfer stiffness for translations of
resilient elements other than resilient supports. Examples are resilient bellows, shaft couplings, power supply
cables, hoses and pipe hangers (see Figure 1). Elements filled with liquids, such as oil or water, are excluded.
NOTE 1 Pipe hangers are extensionally deflected, as opposed to elastic supports which are compressed. Therefore,
the test conditions are different from those described in ISO 10846-2 and ISO 10846-3.
The methods are applicable to resilient elements with flat flanges or flat clamp interfaces. It is not necessary
that the flanges be parallel.
Resilient elements which are the subject of this part of ISO 10846 are those that are used to reduce
a) the transmission of audiofrequency vibrations (structure-borne sound, 20 Hz to 20 kHz ) to a structure
which may, for example, radiate unwanted sound (airborne, waterborne or other), and
b) the transmission of low-frequency vibrations (typically 1 Hz to 80 Hz), which may, for example, act upon
human subjects or cause damage to structures of any size when the vibration is too severe.
In practice, the size of the available test rig(s) determines restrictions for very small and for very large resilient
elements.
Measurements for translations normal and transverse to the flanges or clamp interfaces are covered in this
part of ISO 10846. Annex A provides guidance for the measurement of transfer stiffnesses that include
rotatory components.
The direct method can be applied in the frequency range from 1 Hz up to a frequency that is usually
determined by the lowest resonance frequency of the test arrangement frame (typically 300 Hz for test rigs
with dimensions of the order of 1 m).
NOTE 2 In practice, the lower frequency limit depends on the dynamic excitation system.
The indirect method covers a frequency range that is determined by the test set-up and the isolator under test.
The range is typically from a lower frequency between 20 Hz and 50 Hz, to an upper frequency between
2 kHz and 5 kHz.
The data obtained according to the methods specified in this part of ISO 10846 can be used for
 product information provided by manufacturers and suppliers,
 information during product development,
 quality control, and
 calculation of the transfer of vibration through resilient elements.
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SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004
ISO 10846-4:2003(E)


a) Power cable including connector and clamping device b) Pipe hanger
Key
1 connector
2 cable
3 clamp
4 fixture
5 flexible element
6 pipe clamp
Figure 1 — Examples of resilient elements with flat flanges or clamps
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 266, Acoustics  Preferred frequencies

ISO 2041, Vibration and shock  Vocabulary
ISO 5348, Mechanical vibration and shock  Mechanical mounting of accelerometers
ISO 7626-1, Vibration and shock  Experimental determination of mechanical mobility  Part 1: Basic
definitions and transducers
ISO 7626-2, Vibration and shock  Experimental determination of mechanical mobility  Part 2:
Measurements using single-point translation excitation with an attached vibration exciter
ISO 10846-1, Acoustics and vibration  Laboratory measurement of vibro-acoustic transfer properties of
resilient elements  Part 1: Principles and guidelines
ISO 16063-21, Methods for the calibration of vibration and shock transducers  Part 21: Vibration calibration
by comparison with a reference transducer
GUM:1993, Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement. BIPM/IEC/IFCC/ISO/IUPAC/IUPAP/OIML
2 © ISO 2003 — All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004
ISO 10846-4:2003(E)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2041 and the following apply.
3.1
resilient element
element of which one of the functions is the reduction of the vibration transmission in a certain frequency
range
3.2
resilient support
resilient element suitable for supporting part of the mass of a machine, a building or another type of structure
3.3
test element
resilient element under test, including flanges and auxiliary fixtures, if any
3.4
blocking force
F

b
dynamic force on the output side of a resilient element which results in zero displacement output
3.5
dynamic transfer stiffness
k
2,1
frequency-dependent ratio of the complex blocking force F on the output side of a resilient element to the
2,b
complex displacement u on the input side during simple harmonic motion, defined by the following formula
1
k = F /u
2,1 2,b 1
NOTE The value of k can be dependent upon the static preload, temperature and other conditions.
2,1
3.6
loss factor of resilient element
η
ratio of the imaginary part of k and the real part of k (i.e. tangent of the phase angle of k ) in the low-
2,1 2,1 2,1
frequency range where inertial forces in the element are negligible
3.7
frequency-averaged dynamic transfer stiffness
k
av
function of the frequency of the average value of the modulus of the dynamic transfer stiffness over a
frequency band ∆f
NOTE See 8.3.
3.8
point contact
contact area which vibrates as the surface of a rigid body
3.9
normal translation
translational vibration normal to the flange of a resilient element
3.10
transverse translation
translational vibration in a direction perpendicular to that of the normal translation
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SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004
ISO 10846-4:2003(E)
3.11
linearity
property of the dynamic behaviour of a resilient element, if it satisfies the principle of superposition
NOTE 1 The principle of superposition can be stated as follows. If an input x (t) produces an output y (t) and in a
1 1
separate test an input x (t) produces an output y (t), superposition holds if the input a·x (t) + b·x (t) produces the output
2 2 1 2
a·y (t) + b·y (t). This must hold for all values of a, b and x (t) and x (t); a and b are arbitrary constants.
1 2 1 2
NOTE 2 In practice, the above test for linearity is impractical and a limited check of linearity is done by measuring the
dynamic transfer stiffness for a range of input levels. In effect this procedure checks for a proportional relationship
between the response and the excitation (see 7.7).
3.12
direct method
method in which the input displacement, velocity or acceleration and the blocking output force are measured
3.13
indirect method
method in which the vibration transmissibility (for displacement, velocity or acceleration) of a resilient element
is measured, with the output loaded by a compact body of known mass
3.14
transmissibility
T
ratio of the complex displacements on the output side u to those on the input side u of the test element

2 1
during simple harmonic motion, defined by the following formula
T = u /u
2 1
NOTE For velocities v and accelerations a, transmissibilities are defined in a similar way and have the same value.
3.15
force level
L
F
level calculated by the following formula
2
F
L = 10 lg dB
F
2
F
0
2 −6
where F denotes the mean square value of the force in a specific frequency band and F = 10 N is the
0
reference force
3.16
acceleration level
L
a
level calculated by the following formula
2
a
L = 10 lg dB
a
2
a
0
2 −6 2
where a denotes the mean square value of the acceleration in a specific frequency band and a = 10 m/s
0
is the reference acceleration
3.17
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SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004
ISO 10846-4:2003(E)
level of dynamic transfer stiffness
L
k
2,1
level calculated by the following formula
2
k
21,
= 10 lg dB
L
k
21,
2
k
0
2
where |k | is the square magnitude of the dynamic transfer stiffness (see 3.5) at a specified frequency and
2,1
. −1
k denotes the reference stiffness ( = 1 N m )
0
3.18
level of frequency-band-averaged dynamic transfer stiffness
L
k
av
level calculated by the following formula
2
k
av
L = 10 lg dB
k
av
2
k
0
. −1
where k is defined in 3.7 and k denotes the reference stiffness ( = 1 N m )
av 0
3.19
flanking transmission
transmission of vibrations to the output side via paths other than through the resilient element under test
4 Principles
The measurement principles of the direct and the indirect method are discussed in ISO 10846-1.
In the direct method, the basic principle is that the blocking output force is measured between the output side
of the resilient element and a foundation. The foundation shall provide a sufficient reduction of the vibrations
on the output side of the test object compared to those on the input side.
In the indirect method the basic principle is that the blocking output force is derived from acceleration
measurements on a compact body of mass m , which provides sufficiently small vibrations on the output side
2
of the test element. This blocking mass shall be dynamically decoupled from the other parts of the test
arrangement to prevent flanking transmission.
For sinusoidal vibration and using complex notation, the relationship between the dynamic transfer stiffness of
the element under test and the measured vibration transmissibility (3.14) is given by the following
approximation
2
k ≈ − (2πf ) (m + m )T for | T | << 1 (1)
2,1 2 f
where m denotes the mass of the output flange of the test element. The indices “1” and “2” denote the input
f
and output side, respectively.
A valid indirect determination of a blocking force according to the right-hand term of Equation (1) requires that
this blocking force solely determines the corresponding vibration measured on the blocking mass. Therefore,
in principle, the vibration to be measured is that of the centre of mass of the compact body composed of the
blocking mass and the output flange of the test element, and in the direction of the wanted force.
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SIST EN ISO 10846-4:2004
ISO 10846-4:2003(E)
5 Test arrangements
5.1 General
In Figures 2 to 8, examples are given of test arrangements for resilient elements other than resilient supports.
The sketches are schematic. Examples are given of test arrangements for single elements as well as for
symmetrically paired ones.
NOTE The collection of examples is by no means exhaustive and is not intended to form a limitation for test
arrangement principles. It is meant as an illustration of solutions that have been applied to meet requirements for the
adequacy of the test arrangements (see Clause 6).
To be suitable for measurements according to this part of ISO 10846, a test arrangement shall include the
components given in 5.3, when applicable. Other aspects concerning test rig properties are discussed in 5.4
and 5.5.
5.2 Local coordinate systems
For the resilient elements which are tested according to this part of ISO 10846, the directions normal to
flanges or fixtures on the input and on the output side may be not the same (see Figures 7 and 8). For non-
planar test elements, they are even out-of-plane. Therefore, for each test configuration, the local Cartesian
coordinate systems and the local corresponding forces, torques, displacements and rotatory displacements
shall be defined in agreement with Figure 9. The positive directions of the z-axes shall coincide with the
directions normal to the input and output flanges and shall point away from the test element. In the case of a
"planar" test element, the x-axis shall be chosen out-of-plane on the input as well as on the output side. In the
case of a non-planar test element, the transverse axis directions shall be defined according to the
requirements of the applications. The naming of the x- and y-directions is the responsibility of the user of this
part of ISO 10846. Thus, the definition of dynamic transfer stiffnesses of cables and hoses is dependent on
the test element and on the test arrangement.
The naming of the dynamic transfer stiffnesses shall be in agreement with the followi
...