SIST EN ISO 11439:2002

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
01-maj-2002
3OLQVNHMHNOHQNH9LVRNRWODþQHMHNOHQNH]D]HPHOMVNLSOLQ]DSRJRQPRWRUQLKYR]LO
YJUDMHQHQDYR]LOR,62
Gas cylinders - High pressure cylinders for the on-board storage of natural gas as a fuel
for automotive vehicles (ISO 11439:2000)
Gasflaschen - Gasflaschen zur Mitführung von verdichtetem Erdgas als Treibstoff für
Kraftfahrzeuge (ISO 11439:2000)
Bouteilles a gaz - Bouteilles haute pression pour le stockage de gaz naturel utilisé
comme carburant a bord des véhicules automobiles (ISO 11439:2000)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 11439:2000
ICS:
23.020.30 7ODþQHSRVRGHSOLQVNH Pressure vessels, gas
MHNOHQNH cylinders
43.060.40 Sistemi za gorivo Fuel systems
SIST EN ISO 11439:2002 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 11439
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2000
ICS 43.060.40
English version
Gas cylinders - High pressure cylinders for the on-board storage
of natural gas as a fuel for automotive vehicles (ISO
11439:2000)
Bouteilles à gaz - Bouteilles haute pression pour le Gasflaschen - Gasflaschen zur Mitführung von
stockage de gaz naturel utilisé comme carburant à bord verdichtetem Erdgas als Treibstoff für Kraftfahrzeuge (ISO
des véhicules automobiles (ISO 11439:2000) 11439:2000)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 15 September 2000.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2000 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 11439:2000 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
Page 2
EN ISO 11439:2000
Foreword
Corrected 2001-03-28
The text of the International Standard ISO 11439:2000 has been prepared by Technical
Committee ISO/TC 58 "Gas cylinders" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 23
"Transportable gas cylinders", the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication
of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2001, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2001.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United
Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard ISO 11439:2000 was approved by CEN as a European
Standard without any modification.
NOTE: Normative references to International Standards are listed in annex ZA (normative).

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
Page 3
EN ISO 11439:2000
Annex ZA (normative)
Normative references to international publications
with their relevant European publications
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions
of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to
applies (including amendments).
NOTE Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications,
indicated by (mod.), the relevant EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN Year
ISO 306 1994 Plastics - Thermoplastic materials - EN ISO 306 1996
Determination of Vicat softening
temperature (VST)
ISO 527-2 1993 Plastics - Determination of tensile EN ISO 527-2 1996
properties - Part 2: Test conditions for
moulding and extrusion plastics
(including Corr 1:1994)
ISO 2808 1997 Paints and varnishes - Determination of EN ISO 2808 1999
film thickness
ISO 4624 1978 Paints and varnishes - Pull-off test EN 24624 1992
ISO 6506-1 1999 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - EN ISO 6506-1 1999
Part 1: Test method
ISO 6506-2 1999 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - EN ISO 6506-2 1999
Part 2: Verification and calibration of
testing machines
ISO 6506-3 1999 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - EN ISO 6506-3 1999
Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks
ISO 14130 1997 Fibre-reinforced plastic composites - EN ISO 14130 1997
Determination of apparent interlaminar
shear strength by short-beam method

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 11439
First edition
2000-09-15
Gas cylinders — High pressure cylinders
for the on-board storage of natural gas as a
fuel for automotive vehicles
Bouteilles à gaz — Bouteilles haute pression pour le stockage de gaz
naturel utilisé comme carburant à bord des véhicules automobiles
Reference number
ISO 11439:2000(E)
©
ISO 2000

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
ISO 11439:2000(E)
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ii © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
ISO 11439:2000(E)
Contents Page
Foreword.iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope .1
2 Normative references .1
3 Terms and definitions .2
4 Service conditions.5
5 Approval and certification .7
6 Requirements for type CNG-1 metal cylinders.10
7 Requirements for type CNG-2 hoop-wrapped cylinders.17
8 Requirements for type CNG-3 fully-wrapped cylinders.27
9 Requirements for type CNG-4 all-composite cylinders .37
10 Marking .46
11 Preparation for dispatch .47
Annex A (normative) Test methods and criteria .48
Annex B (normative) Ultrasonic inspection .56
Annex C (informative) Approval and certification procedures.60
Annex D (informative) NDE defect size by flawed cylinder cycling .62
Annex E (informative) Report forms.63
Annex F (informative) Environmental test .66
Annex G (informative) Verification of stress ratios using strain gauges .71
Annex H (informative) Manufacturer’s instructions for handling, use and inspection of cylinders .72
© ISO 2000 – All rights reserved iii

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
ISO 11439:2000(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO
member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical
committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in
liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this International Standard may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard ISO 11439 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 58, Gas cylinders, Subcommittee
SC 3, Cylinder design.
Annexes A and B form a normative part of this International Standard. Annexes C to H are for information only.
iv © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
ISO 11439:2000(E)
Introduction
Cylinders for the on-board storage of fuel for natural gas vehicle service are required to be light-weight, at the same
time maintaining or improving on the level of safety currently existing for other pressure vessels. These
requirements are achieved by:
a) specifying service conditions precisely and comprehensively as a firm basis for both cylinder design and use;
b) using an appropriate method to assess cyclic pressure fatigue life and to establish allowable defect sizes in
metal cylinders or liners;
c) requiring design qualification tests;
d) requiring non-destructive testing and inspection of all production cylinders;
e) requiring destructive tests on cylinders and cylinder material taken from each batch of cylinders produced;
f) requiring manufacturers to have a comprehensive quality system documented and implemented;
g) requiring periodic re-inspection and, if necessary, retesting in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions;
h) requiring manufacturers to specify as part of their design, the safe service life of their cylinders.
Cylinder designs that meet the requirements of this International Standard:
a) will have a fatigue life which exceeds the specified service life;
b) when pressure cycled to failure, will leak but not rupture;
c) when subject to hydrostatic burst tests, will have factors of “stress at burst pressure” over “stress at working
pressure” that exceed the values specified for the type of design and the materials used.
Owners or users of cylinders designed to this International Standard should note that the cylinders are designed to
operate safely if used in accordance with specified service conditions for a specified finite service life only. The
expiry date is marked on each cylinder and it is the responsibility of owners and users to ensure that cylinders are
not used after that date, and that they are inspected in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
© ISO 2000 – All rights reserved v

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 11439:2000(E)
Gas cylinders — High pressure cylinders for the on-board storage
of natural gas as a fuel for automotive vehicles
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies minimum requirements for serially produced light-weight refillable gas
cylinders intended only for the on-board storage of high pressure compressed natural gas as a fuel for automotive
vehicles to which the cylinders are to be fixed. The service conditions do not cover external loadings which may
arise from vehicle collisions, etc.
This International Standard covers cylinders of any steel, aluminium or non-metallic material construction, using
any design or method of manufacture suitable for the specified service conditions. This International Standard does
not cover cylinders of stainless steel or of welded construction.
Cylinders covered by this International Standard are designated as follows:
CNG-1 Metal
CNG-2 Metal liner reinforced with resin impregnated continuous filament (hoop wrapped)
CNG-3 Metal liner reinforced with resin impregnated continuous filament (fully wrapped)
CNG-4 Resin impregnated continuous filament with a non-metallic liner (all composite)
NOTE Cylinders designed in accordance with ISO 9809-1, ISO 9809-2, ISO 9809-3 and ISO 7866 can be used for this
service provided these designs meet additional requirements as specified in this International Standard.
2 Normative references
The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of
this International Standard. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these
publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to
investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For
undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC
maintain registers of currently valid International Standards.
ISO 148:1983, Steel — Charpy impact test (V-notch).
ISO 306:1994, Plastics — Thermoplastic materials — Determination of Vicat softening temperature (VST).
ISO 527-2:1993, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 2: Test conditions for moulding and
extrusion plastics (incorporating Technical Corrigendum 1:1994).
ISO 2808:1997, Paints and varnishes — Determination of film thickness.
© ISO 2000 – All rights reserved 1

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
ISO 11439:2000(E)
1)
ISO 4624:— , Paints and varnishes — Pull-off test for adhesion.
ISO 6506-1:1999, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method.
ISO 6892:1998, Metallic materials — Tensile testing at ambient temperature.
ISO 7225, Gas cylinders — Precautionary labels.
ISO 7866:1999, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless aluminium alloy gas cylinders — Design, construction and
testing.
ISO 9227:1990, Corrosion tests in artificial atmospheres — Salt spray tests.
ISO 9712:1999, Non-destructive testing — Qualification and certification of personnel.
ISO 9809-1:1999, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders — Design, construction and testing —
Part 1: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength less than 1 100 MPa.
ISO 9809-2:2000, Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders — Design, construction and testing —
Part 2: Quenched and tempered steel cylinders with tensile strength greater than or equal to 1 100 MPa.
2)
ISO 9809-3:— , Gas cylinders — Refillable seamless steel gas cylinders — Design, construction and testing —
Part 3: Normalized steel cylinders.
ISO 14130:1997, Fibre-reinforced plastic composites — Determination of apparent interlaminar shear strength by
short-beam method.
ASTM D522-93a, Standard Test Methods for Mandrel Bend Test of Attached Organic Coatings.
ASTM D1308-87(1998), Standard Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals on Clear and Pigmented Organic
Finishes.
ASTM D2794-93(1999)e1, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to the Effects of Rapid
Deformation (Impact).
ASTM D3170-87(1996)e1, Standard Test Method for Chipping Resistance of Coatings.
ASTM D3418-99, Standard Test Method for Transition Temperatures of Polymers by Differential Scanning
Calorimetry.
3)
ASTM G53-93 , Standard Practice for Operating Light and Water-Exposure Apparatus (Fluorescent UV-
Condensation Type) for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials.
4)
NACE TM0177-96 , Laboratory Testing of Metals for Resistance to Sulfide Stress Cracking and Stress Corrosion
Cracking in H S Environments.
2
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this International Standard the following terms and definitions shall apply:
1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 4624:1978)
2) To be published
3) To be discontinued in 2000 and replaced by G154.
4) NACE standards are available from NACE International, PO Box 218340, Houston, Texas 77218-8340, U.S.A.
2 © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
ISO 11439:2000(E)
3.1
authorized inspection authority
competent inspection authority, approved or recognized by the regulatory authority of the user country, for the
supervision of construction and testing of cylinders
3.2
auto-frettage
pressure application procedure used in manufacturing composite cylinders with metal liners, which strains the liner
past its yield point sufficient to cause permanent plastic deformation
NOTE This results in the liner having compressive stresses and the fibres having tensile stresses at zero internal pressure.
3.3
auto-frettage pressure
pressure within the over-wrapped cylinder at which the required distribution of stresses between the liner and the
over-wrap is established
3.4
batch
�composite cylinders� group of not more than 200 cylinders plus cylinders for destructive testing, or if greater, one
shift of successive production of cylinders, successively produced from qualified liners having the same size,
design, specified materials of construction and process of manufacture
3.5
batch
�of metal cylinders/liners� group of not more than 200 cylinders/liners plus cylinders/liners for destructive testing, or
if greater, one shift of successive production of metal cylinders/liners, successively produced having the same
nominal diameter, wall thickness, design, specified material of construction, process of manufacture, equipment for
manufacture and heat treatment, and conditions of time, temperature and atmosphere during heat treatment
3.6
batch
�of non-metallic liners� group of not more than 200 liners plus liners for destructive testing, or if greater, one shift of
successive production of non-metallic liners, successively produced having the same nominal diameter, wall
thickness, design, specified material of construction and process of manufacture
3.7
burst pressure
highest pressure reached in a cylinder during a burst test
3.8
composite cylinder
cylinder made of resin-impregnated continuous filament wound over a metallic or non-metallic liner
NOTE Composite cylinders using non-metallic liners are referred to as all-composite cylinders.
3.9
controlled tension winding
process used in manufacturing hoop-wrapped composite cylinders with metal liners by which compressive stresses
in the liner and tensile stresses in the over-wrap at zero internal pressure are obtained by winding the reinforcing
filaments under significant high tension
3.10
filling pressure
pressure to which a cylinder is filled
© ISO 2000 – All rights reserved 3

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
ISO 11439:2000(E)
3.11
finished cylinders
completed cylinders which are ready for use, typical of normal production, complete with identification marks and
external coating including integral insulation specified by the manufacturer, but free from non-integral insulation or
protection
3.12
fully-wrapped cylinder
cylinder with an over-wrap having a filament-wound reinforcement both in the circumferential and axial direction of
the cylinder
3.13
gas temperature
temperature of gas in a cylinder
3.14
hoop-wrapped cylinder
cylinder with an over-wrap having a filament-wound reinforcement in a substantially circumferential pattern over the
cylindrical portion of the liner so that the filament does not carry any significant load in a direction parallel to the
cylinder longitudinal axis
3.15
liner
container that is used as a gas-tight, inner shell, on which reinforcing fibres are filament-wound to reach the
necessary strength
NOTE Two types of liner are described in this International Standard – metallic liners that are designed to share the load
with the reinforcement, and non-metallic liners that do not carry any part of the load.
3.16
manufacturer
person or organization responsible for the design, fabrication and testing of the cylinders
3.18
over-wrap
reinforcement system of filament and resin applied over the liner
3.19
prestress
process of applying auto-frettage or controlled tension winding
3.20
service life
life, in years, during which the cylinders may safely be used in accordance with the standard service conditions
3.21
settled pressure
gas pressure when a given settled temperature is reached
3.22
settled temperature
uniform gas temperature after the dissipation of any change in temperature caused by filling
3.23
test pressure
required pressure applied during a pressure test
3.24
working pressure
settled pressure of 200 bar at a uniform temperature of 15 °C
4 © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
ISO 11439:2000(E)
4 Service conditions
4.1 General
4.1.1 Standard service conditions
The standard service conditions specified in this clause are provided as the basis for the design, manufacture,
inspection, testing and approval of cylinders that are to be mounted permanently on vehicles and used to store
natural gas at ambient temperatures for use as a fuel on the vehicles.
4.1.2 Use of cylinders
The service conditions specified are also intended to provide information on how cylinders manufactured in
accordance with this International Standard may safely be used; this information is intended for
a) manufacturers of cylinders;
b) owners of cylinders;
c) designers or contractors responsible for the installation of cylinders;
d) designers or owners of equipment used to refuel vehicle cylinders;
e) suppliers of natural gas;
f) regulatory authorities who have jurisdiction over cylinder use.
4.1.3 Service life
The service life for which cylinders are safe shall be specified by the cylinder manufacturer on the basis of use
under service conditions specified herein. The maximum service life shall be 20 years.
For metal and metal-lined cylinders, the service life shall be based upon the rate of fatigue crack growth. The
ultrasonic inspection, or equivalent, of each cylinder or liner shall ensure the absence of flaws which exceed the
maximum allowable size. This approach permits the optimized design and manufacture of light weight cylinders for
natural gas vehicle service.
For all-composite cylinders with non-metallic non-load bearing liners the service life shall be demonstrated by
appropriate design methods, design qualification testing and manufacturing controls.
4.2 Maximum pressures
This International Standard is based upon a working pressure of 200 bar settled at 15 °C for natural gas as a fuel
with a maximum filling pressure of 260 bar. Other working pressures may be accommodated by adjusting the
pressure by the appropriate factor (ratio); e.g., a 250 bar working pressure system will require pressures to be
multiplied by 1,25.
Except where pressures have been adjusted in this way, the cylinder shall be designed to be suitable for the
following pressure limits:
a) a pressure that would settle to 200 bar at a settled temperature of 15 °C;
b) the maximum shall not exceed 260 bar, regardless of filling conditions or temperature.
© ISO 2000 – All rights reserved 5

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
ISO 11439:2000(E)
4.3 Design number of filling cycles
Cylinders shall be designed to be filled up to a settled pressure of 200 bar at a settled gas temperature of 15 °Cfor
up to 1 000 times per year of service.
4.4 Temperature range
4.4.1 Gas temperature
Cylinders shall be designed to be suitable for the following gas temperature limits:
a) the settled temperature of gas in cylinders, which may vary from a low of � 40 °C to a high of � 65 °C.
b) the developed gas temperatures during filling and discharge, which may vary beyond these limits.
4.4.2 Cylinder temperatures
Cylinders shall be designed to be suitable for the following material temperature limits:
a) the temperature of the cylinder materials may vary from – 40 °Cto� 82 °C.
b) temperatures over � 65 °C shall be sufficiently local, or of short enough duration, that the temperature of gas in
the cylinder never exceeds � 65 °C, except under the conditions of 4.4.1 b).
4.5 Gas composition
4.5.1 General
Cylinders shall be designed to tolerate being filled with natural gas meeting the specification either of dry gas or wet
gas as follows. Methanol and/or glycol shall not be deliberately added to the natural gas.
4.5.2 Dry gas
3
Water vapour shall be limited to less than 32 mg/m (i.e. a pressure dewpoint of � 9 °C at 200 bar).
Constituent maximum limits shall be:
3
Hydrogen sulfide and other soluble sulfides
23 mg/m
Oxygen 1 % (volume fraction)
Hydrogen, when cylinders are manufactured from 2 % (volume fraction)
a steel with an ultimate tensile strength exceeding
950 MPa
4.5.3 Wet gas
This is gas that has a higher water content than that of dry gas.
Constituent maximum limits shall be:
3
Hydrogen sulfide and other soluble sulfides
23 mg/m
Oxygen 1 % (volume fraction)
6 © ISO 2000 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 11439:2002
ISO 11439:2000(E)
Carbon dioxide 4 % (volume fraction)
Hydrogen 0,1 % (volume fraction)
4.6 External surfaces
It is not necessary for cylinders to be designed for continuous exposure to mechanical or chemical attack, e.g.
leakage from cargo that may be carried on vehicles or severe abrasion damage from road conditions. However,
cylinder external surfaces shall be designed to withstand inadvertent exposure to the following, consistent with
installation being carried out in accordance with the instructions to be provided with the cylinder:
a) water, either by intermittent immersion or road spray;
b) salt, due to the operation of the vehicle near the ocean or where ice-melting salt is used;
c) ultra-violet radiation from sunlight;
d) impact of gravel;
e) solvents, acids and alkalis, fertilizers;
f) automotive fluids, including petrol, hydraulic fluids, battery acid, glycol and oils;
g) exhaust gases.
5 Approval and certi
...