Builders hoists for persons and materials with vertically guided cages

This European Standard deals with power operated temporarily installed builders hoists (referred to as "hoists" in this standard) intended for use by persons who are permitted to enter sites of engineering and construction, serving landing levels, having a cage: - designed for the transportation of persons or of persons and materials; - guided; - travelling vertically or along a path within 15° max. of the vertical; - supported or sustained by drum driven wire rope, rack and pinion, or an expanding linkage mechanism; - where masts, when erected, may or may not require support from separate structures. The European Standard identifies hazards as listed in Clause 4 which arise during the various phases in the life of such equipment and describes methods for the elimination or reduction of these hazards when used as intended by the manufacturer.

Bauaufzüge zur Personen- und Materialbeförderung mit senkrecht geführten Fahrkörben

1.1   Diese Europäische Norm behandelt kraftbetriebene, vorübergehend errichtete Bauaufzüge (im nachfolgenden als „Aufzüge” bezeichnet), die für die Benutzung durch Personen bestimmt sind, denen das Betreten von Baustellen und technischen Anlagen erlaubt ist. Die Aufzüge bedienen Ladestellen und haben einen Fahrkorb:
-   der für die Beförderung sowohl von Personen als auch von Personen und Material konstruiert ist;
-   der geführt ist;
-   der sich senkrecht oder entlang von Führungen bewegt, deren Neigung gegen die Senkrechte höchstens 15° beträgt;
-   der gehalten oder getragen wird durch das Drahtseil von Trommelantrieb, Zahnstange und Zahnrad, Hydraulik Zylinder (direkt oder indirekt), oder durch ein Hubgelenksystem;
-   wo Maste, wenn errichtet, für den Betrieb die Abstützung durch separate Konstruktionen benötigen oder nicht benötigen.
1.2   Diese Europäische Norm beschreibt sowohl Gefährdungen, die während der Lebensdauer eines solchen Gerätes entstehen (siehe Abschnitt 4) als auch Methoden zur Beseitigung oder Verringerung dieser Gefährdungen, soweit die Maschine bestimmungsgemäß verwendet wird.
1.3   Diese Europäische Norm legt keine zusätzlichen Anforderungen fest für:
-   den Betrieb unter erschwerten Bedingungen (z. B. in extremen Klimazonen oder bei starken magnetischen Feldern);
-   den Blitzschutz;
-   den Betrieb unter besonderen Anforderungen (z. B. in explosionsgefährdeten Bereichen);
-   die elektromagnetische Verträglichkeit (Störaussendung, Störfestigkeit);
-   den Umgang mit Gütern, deren Eigenschaften zu einer gefährlichen Situation führen können (z. B. Schmelzen, Säuren/Basen, strahlende Materialien, leicht zerbrechliche Lasten);
-   die Verwendung von Verbrennungsmotoren;
-   die Verwendung von Fernsteuerungen;
-   Gefährdungen während der Herstellung;
-   Gefährdungen, die aus der Ortsveränderlichkeit der Maschine entstehen;
-   Gefährdungen, die entstehen, wenn der Aufzug über öffentlichen Verkehrsbereichen errichtet wird;
-   Erdbeben.
1.4   Diese Europäische Norm ist nicht anwendbar für:
-   Bauaufzüge, die nur dem Materialtransport dienen, EN 12158-1 und EN 12158-2;
-   Aufzüge entsprechend EN 81-1, EN 81-2, EN 81-3 und EN 81-43;
-   Arbeitskörbe, die an Hebezeugen hängen;
-   von den Gabeln eines Flurförderzeugs getragene Arbeitsplattformen;
-   Arbeitsbühnen EN 1495;
-   Seilbahnen;
-   speziell für militärische Zwecke konstruierte Aufzüge;
-   Bergwerksaufzüge;
-   Theateraufzüge;
-   Bauaufzüge für Personen und Material mit senkrecht geführten Körben, die vor dem Veröffentlichkeitsdatum dieses Dokuments als EN hergestellt wurden;
-   Aufzüge mit hydraulischem Antriebs-/Bremssystem und hydraulischen Sicherheitseinrichtungen.
Dieses Dokument ist nicht anwendbar für Bauaufzüge für Personen und Material mit senkrecht geführten Körben, die vor dem Veröffentlichkeitsdatum dieses Dokuments als EN hergestellt wurden.
1.5   Diese Europäische Norm umfasst die komplette Aufzugsanlage. Sie schließt den Grundrahmen und die Bodenstationsumwehrung ein, behandelt aber nicht die Ausführung von Fundamenten jeglicher Art z. B. aus Beton, Stahl oder Holz. Sie schließt die Konstruktion von Ankerschrauben ein, behandelt jedoch nicht die Verankerungsmittel zum Bauwerk. Sie schließt Ladestellentore und ihre Rahmen ein, behandelt aber nicht die Verankerungsmittel zum Bauwerk.

Ascenseurs de chantier pour personnes et matériaux avec cages guidées verticalement

1.1 La présente Norme Européenne traite des élévateurs de chantier motorisés, installés temporairement,
(appelés «ascenseurs de chantier» ci-après), destinés à être utilisés par des personnes autorisées à pénétrer
sur des chantiers et des sites industriels desservant des paliers et possédant un dispositif de chargement,
- conçu pour le transport de personnes ainsi que pour le transport de personnes et de matériaux ;
- guidée ;
- se déplaçant verticalement ou le long de guides, dont l'angle avec la verticale ne dépasse pas 15°
maximum ;
- soutenu ou supporté par le câble métallique d'un tambour moteur, crémaillère et pignon, vérin
hydraulique (direct ou indirect), ou un mécanisme à structure déployable ;
- où les mâts, lorsqu'ils sont installés, peuvent ou non nécessiter le soutien de constructions distinctes.
1.2 La présente Norme européenne en identifie des risques listés à l’Article 4 apparaissant au cours de la
durée de vie d'un tel appareil ainsi que des méthodes pour supprimer ou réduire ces risques, à condition que
l'appareil soit utilisé comme prévu par le fabricant.
1.3 La présente Norme Européenne ne spécifie pas de prescriptions supplémentaires pour :
- l'utilisation de l’ascenseur sous des conditions particulièrement difficiles (par exemple : dans des zones
climatiques extrêmes ou en cas de champs magnétiques forts) ;
- la protection antifoudre ;
- l'utilisation avec des exigences exceptionnelles (par exemple dans des régions où il y a un risque
d'explosion) ;
- la compatibilité électromagnétique (émission, immunité) ;
- le traitement d'objets dont les caractéristiques peuvent conduire à des situations dangereuses (par
exemple : métal en fusion, acides / bases, matériaux rayonnants, charges très fragiles) ;
- l'emploi de moteurs à combustion interne ;
- l'emploi de télécommandes ;
- des risques survenant pendant la fabrication ;
- des risques dus à la mobilité de l'appareil

Gradbena dvigala za osebe in tovor z navpično vodeno košaro

Ta evropski standard obravnava začasno postavljena elektronska gradbena dvigala (v nadaljevan:dvigala), ki so namenjena osebam z dovoljenjem za vstop na gradbišča, služijo za nadstropja in imajo košaro, ki: – je zasnovana za prevoz oseb in materialov; – je vodena; – potuje navpično ali pod kotom največ 15 stopinj od navpičnega; – je podprta ali jo drži železna žica, ki jo poganja boben, tračnica in zobato kolesce ali razširjevalni spojni mehanizem; – ima stebre, ki potrebujejo oporo ločenih konstrukcij, ko so postavljeni, ali ne. Ta evropski standard opredeljuje nevarnosti, navedene v točki 4, do katerih pride med različnimi fazami življenjske dobe take opreme, in opisuje metode za odpravo ali zmanjševanje teh nevarnosti, če ga proizvajalec pravilno uporablja.

General Information

Status
Published
Public Enquiry End Date
31-Jul-2011
Publication Date
17-Jan-2013
Current Stage
6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
Start Date
18-Jan-2013
Due Date
25-Mar-2013
Completion Date
18-Jan-2013

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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Bauaufzüge zur Personen- und Materialbeförderung mit senkrecht geführten FahrkörbenAscenseurs de chantier pour personnes et matériaux avec cages guidées verticalementBuilders hoists for persons and materials with vertically guided cages91.220Gradbena opremaConstruction equipment53.020.99Druga dvigalna opremaOther lifting equipmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12159:2012SIST EN 12159:2013en,fr,de01-februar-2013SIST EN 12159:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 12159:2002+A1:20091DGRPHãþD



SIST EN 12159:2013



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12159
November 2012 ICS 91.140.90 Supersedes EN 12159:2000+A1:2009English Version
Builders hoists for persons and materials with vertically guided cages
Ascenseurs de chantier pour personnes et matériaux avec cages guidées verticalement
Bauaufzüge zur Personen- und Materialbeförderung mit senkrecht geführten Fahrkörben This European Standard was approved by CEN on 9 September 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12159:2012: ESIST EN 12159:2013



EN 12159:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword .4Introduction .51Scope .62Normative references .73Terms and definitions .84List of hazards . 105Safety requirements and/or measures . 135.1General . 135.2Load combinations and calculations. 145.2.3Safety factors . 195.2.4Load cases, the different combinations of loads and forces which are to be calculated. 205.2.5Stability . 215.2.6Fatigue stress analysis of drive and braking system components . 215.3Base frame . 225.4Mast, ties and buffers . 225.4.1Guide structures and masts . 225.4.2Mast ties . 225.4.3Buffers . 235.5Hoistway protection and landing access . 235.5.1General . 235.5.2Hoist base enclosure . 235.5.3Landing access . 235.5.4Materials for enclosure and guarding . 275.5.5Landing gate locking devices . 285.5.6Clearances . 295.6Cage . 295.6.1General requirements . 295.6.2Safety devices against falling of the cage . 315.6.3Overload detection device . 325.7Drive unit . 335.7.1General provisions . 335.7.2Protection and accessibility . 335.7.3Suspension system . 345.7.4Braking system . 395.7.5Counterweight . 405.8Electric installations and appliances . 405.8.1General . 405.8.2Protection against electric faults . 415.8.3Protection against the effects of external influences . 415.8.4Electric wiring . 415.8.5Contactors, relay-contactors . 425.8.6Electric safety devices . 425.8.7Safety contacts . 425.8.8Lighting . 425.9Control and limiting devices . 435.9.1General . 435.9.2Travel limit switches . 435.9.3Slack rope device. 435.9.4Erection accessories . 43SIST EN 12159:2013



EN 12159:2012 (E) 3 5.9.5Stopping devices . 435.9.6Stopping the machine . 445.9.7Control modes . 445.10Breakdown conditions . 455.10.1Alarm device . 455.10.2Emergency escape . 455.10.3Manual lowering by persons trapped in the cage . 455.10.4Emergency operation by a competent person . 455.11Noise . 465.11.1General . 465.11.2Noise reduction at the design stage . 465.11.3Noise emission measurement . 466Verification . 466.1Verification of design . 466.2Special verification tests . 496.2.1Introduction . 496.2.2Locking devices for cage and landing gates . 506.2.3Overspeed safety device and overspeed governors . 526.2.4Energy accumulation type buffers with buffered return movement and energy dissipation buffers . 536.3Verification tests on each machine before first use . 537User information . 537.1Instruction handbook . 537.1.1Comprehensive information . 537.1.2Contents of the instruction handbook . 547.2Markings . 597.2.1General . 597.2.2Rating plate . 597.2.3Mast or guide section identification label . 597.2.4Basic user information label . 597.2.5Label in the cage . 607.2.6Label at ground level . 607.2.7Label at overspeed device . 607.2.8Drive motor label . 607.3Marking of control elements. 60Annex A (normative)
European stormwind map . 61Annex B (normative)
Electric safety devices . 62Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 63Bibliography . 64 SIST EN 12159:2013



EN 12159:2012 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 12159:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 10 “Lifts, escalators and moving walks”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 12159:2000+A1:2009. EN 12159:2012 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to EN 12159:2000+A1:2009:  Hydraulic driven hoists are removed from the scope of the standard;  All references to EN 13849 are removed. The electric safety devices (Annex B) are described in each paragraph in a similar way as in EN 81-1;  Normative references are updated. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive 2006/42/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 12159:2013



EN 12159:2012 (E) 5 Introduction This standard is one of a series of standards produced by CEN/TC 10/SC 1 as part of the CEN programme of work to produce machinery safety standards. This standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the provisions of this type C standard. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this European Standard. SIST EN 12159:2013



EN 12159:2012 (E) 6 1 Scope 1.1 This European Standard deals with power operated temporarily installed builders hoists (referred to as "hoists" in this standard) intended for use by persons who are permitted to enter sites of engineering and construction, serving landing levels, having a cage:  designed for the transportation of persons or of persons and materials;  guided;  travelling vertically or along a path within 15° max. of the vertical;  supported or sustained by drum driven wire rope, rack and pinion, or an expanding linkage mechanism;  where masts, when erected, may or may not require support from separate structures. 1.2 The European Standard identifies hazards as listed in Clause 4 which arise during the various phases in the life of such equipment and describes methods for the elimination or reduction of these hazards when used as intended by the manufacturer. 1.3 This European Standard does not specify the additional requirements for:  operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme climates, strong magnetic fields);  lightning protection;  operation subject to special rules (e.g. potentially explosive atmospheres);  electromagnetic compatibility (emission, immunity);  handling of loads the nature of which could lead to dangerous situations (e.g. molten metal, acids/bases, radiating materials, fragile loads);  the use of combustion engines;  the use of remote controls;  hazards occurring during manufacture;  hazards occurring as a result of mobility;  hazards occurring as a result of being erected over a public road;  earthquakes. 1.4 This European Standard is not applicable to:  builders hoists for the transport of goods only EN 12158-1 and EN 12158-2;  lifts according to EN 81-1, EN 81-2, EN 81-3 and EN 81-43;  work cages suspended from lifting appliances;  work platforms carried on the forks of fork trucks; SIST EN 12159:2013



EN 12159:2012 (E) 7  work platforms EN 1495;  funiculars;  lifts specially designed for military purposes;  mine lifts;  theatre elevators;  builders hoists for persons and material with vertically guided cages which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN;  hoists with hydraulic drive/braking systems and hydraulic safety devices. This document is not applicable to Builders hoists for persons and material with vertical guided cages which are manufactured before the date of its publication as EN. 1.5 This European Standard deals with the hoist installation. It includes the base frame and base enclosure but excludes the design of any concrete, hard core, timber or other foundation arrangement. It includes the design of mast ties but excludes the design of anchor screws to the supporting structure. It includes the landing gates and their frames but excludes the design of any anchorage fixing bolts to the supporting structure. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 81-1:1998+A3:2009, Safety rules for the construction and installation of lifts — Part 1: Electric lifts EN 349, Safety of machinery — Minimum gaps to avoid crushing of parts of the human body EN 894-1, Safety of machinery — Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators — Part 1: General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators EN 953, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and movable guards EN 1037, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up EN 1088, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design and selection EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:2005, modified) EN 60529:1991, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP-Code) (IEC 60529:1989) EN 60947-4-1:2001, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 4-1: Contactors and motor-starters — Electromechanical contactors and motor-starters (IEC 60947-4-1:2000) EN 60947-5-1:2004, Low-voltage switchgear and controlgear — Part 5-1: Control circuit devices and switching elements — Electromechanical control circuit devices (IEC 60947-5-1:2003) SIST EN 12159:2013



EN 12159:2012 (E) 8 EN ISO 4871, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871) EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010) EN ISO 11688-1, Acoustics — Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment — Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1) EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13850, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop — Principles for design (ISO 13850) EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008) ISO 2408, Steel wire ropes for general purposes — Minimum requirements ISO 3864-1, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 1: Design principles for safety signs and safety markings
ISO 4302, Cranes — Wind load assessment ISO 4309, Cranes — Wire ropes — Care and maintenance, installation and discard ISO 6336-1, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 1: Basic principles, introduction and general influence factors ISO 6336-2, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 2: Calculation of surface durability (pitting) ISO 6336-3, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 3: Calculation of tooth bending strength ISO 6336-5, Calculation of load capacity of spur and helical gears — Part 5: Strength and quality of materials 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply. 3.1 builders hoist temporary lifting machine serving landing levels on sites of engineering and construction with a platform, cage or other load carrying device, which is guided 3.2 working load/rated load maximum load which the hoist has been designed to carry in service 3.3 rated speed speed of the cage for which the equipment has been designed SIST EN 12159:2013



EN 12159:2012 (E) 9 3.4 wire rope hoist hoist which uses wire rope as the load suspension system 3.5 positive drive drive using means 3.6 other than friction 3.6 rack and pinion hoist hoist which uses a toothed rack and pinion as the load suspension system 3.7 expanding linkage mechanism mechanical linkage system (e.g. scissors) which supports and guides the cage by means of expansion or contraction under the control of an actuator 3.8 base frame lowest framework of the hoist, upon which all other components are mounted 3.9 guides rigid elements which determine the travel way of the cage or the counterweight (when provided) 3.10 mast structure that supports and guides the cage and the counterweight (when provided) 3.11 mast section indivisible piece of mast, between two adjacent mast joints 3.12 mast tie connection system between the mast and any building structure, providing lateral support for the mast 3.13 hoistway total space which is travelled by the cage and its load 3.14 counterweight way total space which is travelled by the counterweight 3.15 cage carrier including the floor, walls, gates and roof 3.16 counterweight mass which is used for weight compensation 3.17 stopping distance distance the cage moves from the moment when the control or safety circuit is broken until the cage has come to a full stop SIST EN 12159:2013



EN 12159:2012 (E) 10 3.18 overspeed safety device mechanical device for stopping and maintaining stationary the cage or counterweight in the event of overspeed 3.19 slack rope rope, normally under tension, from which all external loads have been removed 3.20 wire rope termination adaptation at the end of a wire rope permitting attachment 3.21 landing level in a building or construction intended for loading and unloading the cage 3.22 safety distance minimum acceptable distance between any moving part of a hoist and any point of access 3.23 guard rail fixed equipment, other than gates, which is used to prevent people from falling or from reaching hazardous areas 3.24 normal operation usual operating conditions for the equipment when in use for carrying loads, but excluding routine maintenance, erection, dismantling, etc. 3.25 in service condition during use of the hoist when the cage is in any position, laden or unladen, moving or stationary 3.26 out of service installed condition when the cage is positioned such that it is provided with the most shelter from the wind. This is normally, but not necessarily, ground level. The cage is empty. 3.27 competent person designated person, suitably trained, qualified by knowledge and practical experience, and provided with the necessary instructions to enable the required procedures to be carried out 4 List of hazards The list of hazards according to the following tables are based on EN ISO 12100:2010. Tables 1, 2 and 3 show the hazards which have been identified and where the corresponding requirements have been formulated in this standard, in order to limit the risk or reduce these hazards in each situation. A hazard which is not applicable or is not significant and for which, therefore, no requirements are formulated is shown in the relevant clauses column as n.a. (not applicable). SIST EN 12159:2013



EN 12159:2012 (E) 11 Table 1 — Hazards relating to the general design and construction of hoists for persons and materials
HazardsRelevant clauses in this standard 1 Mechanical hazards 1.1 Crushing 5.5.2, 5.5.3, 5.5.6, 5.6, 5.7.2, 7.1.2.8, 7.1.2.9 1.2 Shearing 5.5, 5.6.1.3, 5.7.2, 7.1.2.8, 7.1.2.9 1.3 Cutting or severing 5.5, 5.6.1.3, 5.7.2, 7.1.2.8, 7.1.2.9 1.4 Entanglement 5.7.2, 7.1.2.8, 7.1.2.9 1.5 Drawing-in or trapping 5.5.2, 5.5.3, 5.6.1.3, 5.7.2, 7.1.2.8, 7.1.2.9 1.6 Impact 5.4.3, 5.5.3.9, 5.6.2, 7.1.2.8, 7.1.2.9 1.7 Stabbing or puncture n.a. 1.8 Friction or abrasion 5.5.2, 5.5.3, 7.1.2.8, 7.1.2.9 1.9 High pressure fluid ejection n.a. 1.10 Ejection of parts 5.6.1.3 1.11 Loss of stability 5.2, 5.3, 5.4.1, 5.4.2, 5.6.3, 7.1.2.8.4 1.12 Slip, trip and fall 5.5, 5.6.1, 5.6.2, 7.1.2.8.4, 7.1.2.9 2 Electrical hazards 2.1 Electrical contact 5.7.4.11, 5.8, 7.1.2.8.4 2.2 Electrostatic phenomena n.a. 2.3 Thermal radiation n.a. 2.4 External influences 5.7.4.11, 5.8.3 3 Thermal hazards 3.1 Burns and scalds n.a. 3.2 Health-damaging effects n.a. 4 Hazards generated by noise4.1 Hearing losses 5.11, 7.1.2.3 4.2 Interference with speech 5.11, 7.1.2.3 5 Hazards generated by vibrationn.a. 6 Hazards generated by radiation6.1 Electrical arcs n.a. 6.2 Lasers n.a. 6.3 Ionising radiation sources n.a. 6.4 Use of H F electromagnetic fields n.a. 7 Hazards generated by materials and substances processed, used or exhausted by machinery 7.1 Contact with or inhalation of harmful fluids, gases, mists, fumes and dusts n.a. 7.2 Fire or explosion n.a. 7.3 Biological and microbiological n.a. 8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machine design 8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort 5.1, 5.6.1.3, 7.1.2.8.4 8.2 Inadequate consideration of
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