SIST EN 13207:2018
(Main)Plastics - Thermoplastic silage films and tubes for use in agriculture
Plastics - Thermoplastic silage films and tubes for use in agriculture
This European standard specifies the requirements related to dimensional, mechanical and optical characteristics of thermoplastic films and tubes used during the manufacture of silage and designed to last at least one year for protecting fodder.
It specifies a classification for the durability of silage films and the test methods referred to in this standard.
This European Standard is applicable to transparent, black, white or coloured (e.g. black/white) thermoplastic silage films based on polyethylene, ethylene copolymer, EVOH and polyamide.
These films are intended for covering bunker silos, silage tubes or silage clamps for preserving forage. They protect the forage and preserve it from rain and air. These films are not intended to cover bales piles (e.g. straw bales).
This European standard does not cover silage film obtained by sealing two or more films in machine direction.
This European Standard also defines installation, use and removal conditions of silage films. It defines the conventional useful lifetime, as well as rules that allow evaluating the remaining use potential in the event of a failure before the normal end-of-use date.
NOTE These rules allow estimating the residual value of the films. These provisions only apply to the film itself and the damage it has undergone. Any other problem falls within the scope of professional practices and the general terms and conditions of sale.
Kunststoffe - Thermoplastische Silofolien und -schläuche für den Einsatz in der Landwirtschaft
Diese Europäische Norm legt die Anforderungen in Bezug auf die Maßeigenschaften sowie die mechanischen und optischen Merkmale thermoplastischer Folien und Schläuche fest, die bei der Erzeugung von Silage benutzt werden und für die eine Lebensdauer von mindestens einem Jahr als Schutz für das Futtermittel vorgesehen ist.
Sie legt eine Klassifikation bezüglich der Beständigkeit von Silagefolien und der in dieser Norm in Bezug genommenen Prüfverfahren fest.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt für transparente, schwarze, weiße oder farbige (z. B. schwarz/weiß) thermoplastische Silagefolien auf der Grundlage von Polyethylen-, Ethylen-Copolymer, EVOH- oder Polyamid-Werkstoffen.
Diese Folien dienen der Abdeckung von Bunkersilos, Siloschläuchen oder Fahrsilos zum Schutz von Futtermittel. Durch sie ist das Futtermittel regen- und luftgeschützt. Diese Folien dienen nicht der Abdeckung von Ballen (z. B. Strohballen).
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für Silagefolien zur Abdeckung, die mittels Versiegelung zweier oder mehr Folien in Herstellungsrichtung hergestellt werden.
Darüber hinaus legt diese Europäische Norm Bedingungen für die Anbringung, Anwendung und Entfernung von Silagefolien fest. Sie legt die übliche Nutzungsdauer sowie Regeln fest, die die Bewertung der im Falle eines Versagens noch vor Ablauf der Mindesthaltbarkeitsdauer verbleibenden Nutzbarkeit ermöglicht.
ANMERKUNG Diese Regeln ermöglichen die Abschätzung des Restwertes der Folien. Diese Vorgaben gelten nur für die Folie selbst und den an ihr eingetretenen Schäden. Alle sonstigen Probleme fallen in den Anwendungsbereich der branchenüblichen Praktiken und der allgemeinen Verkaufs- und Lieferbedingungen.
Plastiques - Films d'ensilage thermoplastiques et gaines pour utilisation en agriculture
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les exigences relatives aux caractéristiques dimensionnelles, mécaniques et optiques des films thermoplastiques et des gaines utilisés pour l’ensilage et conçus pour protéger le fourrage pendant une durée d’au moins une année.
Elle définit une classification pour la durabilité des films d’ensilage et les méthodes d’essai auxquelles il est fait référence dans la présente norme.
La présente Norme européenne est applicable aux films d’ensilage thermoplastiques transparents, noirs, blancs ou colorés (par exemple noirs/blancs) à base de polyéthylène, de copolymères d’éthylène, d’EVOH et de polyamide.
Ces films sont destinés à la couverture de silos couloirs, de gaines pour silos ou de pinces à ensilage en vue de la conservation du fourrage. Ils assurent la protection du fourrage ainsi que l’étanchéité à la pluie et à l’air. Ces films ne sont pas destinés à couvrir des piles de balles (par exemple des balles de paille et des balles de foin).
Les films d’ensilage obtenus en scellant ou soudant au moins deux bandes de films dans le sens machine sont en dehors du domaine d’application de ce document.
La présente Norme européenne définit également les conditions de mise en œuvre, d’utilisation et d’élimination des films d’ensilage. Elle définit la durée de vie utile conventionnelle, ainsi que les règles qui permettent l’évaluation du potentiel d’utilisation restant en cas de défaut avant la date normale de fin de vie.
NOTE Ces règles permettent d’estimer la valeur résiduelle des films. Ces dispositions ne s’appliquent qu’au film lui-même et aux dégâts qu’il a subis. Tout autre problème tombe dans le domaine d’application des pratiques professionnelles et des conditions générales de vente.
Polimerni materiali - Termoplastične silažne folije in cevi za uporabo v kmetijstvu
Ta evropski standard določa zahteve glede dimenzijskih, mehanskih in optičnih značilnosti plastomernih folij in cevi, ki se uporabljajo med proizvodnjo silaže in so namenjeni vsaj enoletni zaščiti krme.
Določa razvrstitev za trajnost silažnih folij in preskusne metode iz tega standarda.
Ta evropski standard se uporablja pri prosojnih, črnih, belih ali barvnih (npr. črno/belih) plastomernih silažnih folijah na osnovi polietilena, etilen kopolimera, EVOH in poliamida.
Te folije so namenjene prekrivanju koritastih silosov, silažnih cevi ali silažnih korit za shranjevanje krme. Krmo zaščitijo in jo varujejo pred dežjem in zrakom. Te folije niso namenjene prekrivanju kupov bal (npr. slamnatih bal).
Ta evropski standard ne zajema prekrivnih silažnih folij, ki nastanejo pri združitvi dveh ali več folij v smeri stroja.
Ta evropski standard določa tudi namestitev, uporabo in pogoje odstranjevanja silažnih folij. Opredeljuje običajno uporabno življenjsko dobo in pravila za ocenjevanje preostalih možnosti uporabe v primeru poškodbe pred običajnim datumom konca uporabe.
OPOMBA: Ta pravila omogočajo ocenitev preostale vrednosti folij. Te določbe se nanašajo samo na samo folijo in poškodbe le-te. Morebitne druge težave spadajo na področje strokovnih praks ter splošnih pogojev in določil za prodajo.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Kunststoffe - Thermoplastische Silofolien und -schläuche für den Einsatz in der LandwirtschaftPlastiques - Films d'ensilage thermoplastiques et gaines pour utilisation en agriculturePlastics - Thermoplastic silage films and tubes for use in agriculture83.140.10Filmi in folijeFilms and sheets65.040.20Buildings and installations for processing and storage of agricultural produceICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13207:2018SIST EN 13207:2018en,fr,de01-maj-2018SIST EN 13207:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13207:20021DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 13207:2018
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13207
February
t r s z ICS
z uä s v rä s r Supersedes EN
s u t r yã t r r sEnglish Version
Plastics æ Thermoplastic silage films and tubes for use in agriculture Plastiques æ Films d 5ensilage thermoplastiques et gaines pour utilisation en agriculture
Kunststoffe æ Thermoplastische Silofolien und æschläuche für den Einsatz in der Landwirtschaft This European Standard was approved by CEN on
s r December
t r s yä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels
9
t r s z CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s u t r yã t r s z ESIST EN 13207:2018
EN 13207:2018 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 1 Scope . 4 2 Normative references . 4 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Types and use . 6 5 Material . 6 6 Durability . 7 7 Requirements . 7 7.1 General requirements . 7 7.2 Requirements for appearance . 8 8 Test methods . 9 8.1 Determination of thickness . 9 8.2 Determination of width and length of the film . 9 8.3 Determination of tensile characteristics . 9 8.4 Determination of impact resistance . 9 8.4.1 General . 9 8.4.2 Flat area . 9 8.4.3 Fold area . 9 8.5 Resistance to artificial weathering . 10 8.5.1 Principle . 10 8.5.2 Exposure to xenon-arc lamps . 10 8.5.3 Procedure. 11 8.5.4 Calculation and expression of results . 11 8.6 Determination of the oxygen transmission rate . 11 9 Film acceptance, storage and handling . 11 9.1 Delivery control . 11 9.2 Storage and handling of rolls . 11 10 Designation. 11 11 Marking . 12 12 Instructions for use of silage films . 12 13 Instructions for disposal of silage films and end-of-life . 12 Annex A (informative)
Exposure to other light sources . 13 A.1 Medium pressure mercury vapour lamps . 13 A.2 Fluorescent UV lamps . 15 Annex B (informative)
Guidance for use and disposal of silage films . 17 B.1 Installation instructions . 17 B.2 Use conditions . 17 B.3 Factor affecting the lifetime of silage films . 18 B.4 Removal instructions . 18 Bibliography . 20 SIST EN 13207:2018
EN 13207:2018 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 13207:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics”, the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2018 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13207:2001. The following technical changes have been made in comparison to EN 13207:2001: — the scope is extended to installation and removal conditions and the intended use for the applications is specified in extended way; — Clause 4 Types and use, has been added; — in Clause 5 Material, the barrier polymer, has been added; — a new Clause 6 Durability, has been drafted on the basis of the old Clause 5 Duration of the silage film; — the Clause for requirements, test methods, acceptance, storage and handling have been drafted in a new frame; — the Clauses on instructions disposal of silage films and end-of-life, have been added. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 13207:2018
EN 13207:2018 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the requirements related to dimensional, mechanical and optical characteristics of thermoplastic films and tubes used during the manufacture of silage and designed to last at least one year for protecting fodder. It specifies a classification for the durability of silage films and the test methods referred to in this standard. This European Standard is applicable to transparent, black, white or coloured (e.g. black/white) thermoplastic silage films based on polyethylene, ethylene copolymer, EVOH and polyamide. These films are intended for covering bunker silos, silage tubes or silage clamps for preserving forage. They protect the forage and preserve it from rain and air. These films are not intended to cover bales piles (e.g. straw bales and hay bales). Silage films obtained by sealing two or more films in machine direction are out of the scope of this document. This European Standard also defines installation, use and removal conditions of silage films. It defines the conventional useful lifetime, as well as rules that allow evaluating the remaining use potential in the event of a failure before the normal end-of-use date. NOTE These rules allow estimating the residual value of the films. These provisions only apply to the film itself and the damage it has undergone. Any other problem falls within the scope of professional practices and the general terms and conditions of sale. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 527-1, Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 1: General principles (ISO 527-1) EN ISO 527-3:1995, Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 3: Test conditions for films and sheets (ISO 527-3:1995) EN ISO 4892-2, Plastics - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources - Part 2: Xenon-arc lamps (ISO 4892-2) EN ISO 7765-1, Plastics film and sheeting - Determination of impact resistance by the free-falling dart method - Part 1: Staircase methods (ISO 7765-1) ISO 4592, Plastics - Film and sheeting - Determination of length and width ISO 4593, Plastics - Film and sheeting - Determination of thickness by mechanical scanning ISO 15105-2:2003, Plastics - Film and sheeting - Determination of gas-transmission rate - Part 2: Equal-pressure method SIST EN 13207:2018
EN 13207:2018 (E) 5 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp 3.1 width overall width of the film when laid flat Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in millimetres (mm). 3.2 nominal width width of the film, as declared by the manufacturer/supplier Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in millimetres (mm). 3.3 nominal thickness thickness of a film, as declared by the manufacturer/supplier Note 1 to entry: It
3.4 roll length largest dimension of a film corresponding to the length of the unwinded roll Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in metres (m). 3.5 nominal length length of a film roll or a sheet, as declared by the manufacturer/supplier Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in metres (m). 3.6 nominal mass mass of a roll or a sheet, as declared by the manufacturer/supplier Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in kilograms (kg). 3.7 longitudinal direction MD direction parallel to the roll length, corresponding to the extrusion direction 3.8 transverse direction TD direction parallel to the width (at right angle to the length) SIST EN 13207:2018
EN 13207:2018 (E) 6 3.9 conventional expected lifetime expected lifetime defined by agreement between the manufacturer/supplier and the customer or, by default,
minimum twelve months Note 1 to entry: It is expressed in years or months. 3.10 radiant exposure H time integral of irradiance Note 1 to entry: It is measured in joules per square metre -2). [SOURCE: ISO 9370:2017, 3.27[1]]
4 Types and use The different types of silage films are given in Table 1. Table 1 — Types of films Type Characteristics SA Film or tube with a nominal thickness
· 90
suitable for food contact SB Film or tube with a nominal thickness
· 100
not suitable for food contact SC Film with a nominal thickness
· 35
used as lining in combination addition to a type A or B silage film SD Film or tube with a thickness
· 90
having at least one coextruded layer made from a gas barrier polymer (e.g. EVOH or polyamide) SE Film with a nominal thickness
· 35
having at least one coextruded layer made from a gas barrier polymer used as lining in combination addition to a type A or B silage film 5 Material Silage films in accordance with this standard are usually manufactured from: — low density polyethylene (PE-LD), linear low density polyethylene (PE-LLD) and their blends; — ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers (EVAC) and their blends with PE-LD or PE-LLD; — ethylene butyl acrylate copolymers (EBAK) and their blends with PE-LD or PE-LLD; — gas barrier polymer, e.g. EVOH or polyamide. SIST EN 13207:2018
EN 13207:2018 (E) 7 6 Durability The durability of silage films is characterized by the class C0, C1 or C2. This classification, given in Table 2, is depending on the duration of exposure of the film to an artificial weathering using xenon-arc lamps according to 8.5, which induces a decrease of the value of tensile strain at break equal or less than 50 % of the initial value. The class of durability shall be declared by the manufacturer/supplier. Table 2 — Resistance to weathering classification Class Minimum duration of exposure h C0a 140 C1 1 400 C2 2 100 a For Type SC and SE film, only. For C1, corresponding to a duration of natural exposure of 12 months for a film used in a climatic zone
¶ 130 kly/year1) For C2 corresponding to a duration of natural exposure of 12 months for a film used in a climatic zone between 131 kly/year and 160 kly/year and of 18 months for a film used in a climatic zone
¶ 130 kly/year1). Other light sources may be used provided that a correlation between the test results obtained with these light sources and these obtained after a natural exposure can be demonstrated. This may be useful when the durations of the exposure to xenon-arc lamps as defined in Table 2 are too long. Details of these methods are given in Annex A (informative). In case of dispute, the exposure to xenon-arc lamps according to 8.5 and the classification according to Table 2 shall be used. 7 Requirements 7.1 General requirements Silage films shall fulfil the requirements of Table 3.
1) 1 kly = 0,041 84 GJ/m2. SIST EN 13207:2018
EN 13207:2018 (E) 8 Table 3 — Requirements for silage films and tubes Characteristics Unit Type
Test method SA SB SC SD SE Clause Nominal thickness µm
90
100
35
90
35
Appearance - Shall conform to 7.2 7.2 Dimensional characteristics Tolerance of average thickness/nominal thickness % ±5 8.1 Tolerance of single point
thickness/nominal thickness % from – 20 to 20 - 20 from – 20 to 25 from – 20 to 20 from – 20 to 25 8.1 Width tolerance/ nominal width % ±2 8.2 length tolerance/ nominal length %
«1, +2 8.2 Mechanical characteristics of unexposed film Tensile stress at break (MD, TD) MPa
· 22
· 17
· 20
· 20
· 20 8.3 Tensile strain at break: %
8.3 MD
· 400
· 300
· 350
· 350
· 350 TD
· 500
· 400
· 450
· 450
· 450 Impact resistance
Flat area F50 g
· 500
· 250
· 100
· 350
· 100 8.4.2 Fold area (no break) g
· 200
· 100
· 50
· 100
· 50 8.4.3 Oxygen
transmission ratea cm3/(m2 24 h bar b) ns ns ns
¶ 150
¶ 150 8.6 ns = not specified a
A commonly used unit for the oxygen gas transmission rate is the cm3 (STP)/(m2 · d) at one atmosphere pressure differential, where: 1 cm3 at Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP = 273,15 K; 1,013 × 105 Pa) is 44,62 µmol and one day is 86,4 × 103 s. The oxygen transmission rate in mol/(m2 · s · Pa) is abstained multiplying the value in cm3 (STP)/(m2 · d) by 5,165 × 10 «10. b
1 bar = 0,1 MPa = 105 Pa; 1 MPa = 1 N/mm2. 7.2 Requirements for appearance The film shall be free of holes which will affect the fitness for purpose of the film; check by unrolling at least 2 m of the film and examining it against the light holding it tight at arms’ length. SIST EN 13207:2018
EN 13207:2018 (E) 9 8 Test methods 8.1 Determination of thickness The thickness of single points of the film and the average thickness of the film shall be determined in accordance with ISO 4593. The test is performed using one strip of film cut in transverse direction of the roll (TD). 8.2 Determination of width and length of the film The width and the length of the film shall be determined in accordance with ISO 4592. 8.3 Determination of tensile characteristics The tensile characteristics shall be determined according to EN ISO 527-1 and EN ISO 527-3 using five test pieces type 2 (see Figure 1 of EN ISO 527-3:1995), 10 mm wide, cut in each direction of the film [longitudinal direction (MD) and transversal direction (TD)], at a testing speed of 500 mm/min. Calculate the arithmetic average value of the five measurements. 8.4 Determination of impact resistance 8.4.1 General In case of a folded film, a distinction shall be made between the test pieces taken from the folds produced during extrusion process (fold area) and sample sheets taken from areas which have not been folded (flat area) NOTE Films which are wider than 2 000 mm are usually folded lengthwise at least once before winding on a reel. These folds are retained even when the film is laid out flat, and this can affect test results 8.4.2 Flat area The impact resistance (Dart drop test) in flat area shall be determined in accordance with EN ISO 7765-1, method A. Calculate the impact failure mass mf, in grams, in accordance with EN ISO 7765-1. The impact failure mass mf shall fulfil the requirements of Table 3. 8.4.3 Fold area The impact resistance (Dart drop test) in fold area shall be determined using the apparatus specified in EN ISO 7765-1, method A. Spread out the film with the marked face onto the apparatus and test every folds
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