SIST EN ISO 8295:2004

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 8295:2004
01-oktober-2004
3ROLPHUQLPDWHULDOL±)LOPLLQIROLMH±'RORþHYDQMHNRHILFLHQWDWUHQMD,62
Plastics - Film and sheeting - Determination of the coefficients of friction (ISO 8295:1995)
Kunststoffe - Folien und Bahnen - Bestimmung der Reibungskoeffizienten (ISO
8295:1995)
Plastiques - Film et feuille - Détermination des coefficients de frottement (ISO
8295:1995)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 8295:2004
ICS:
83.140.10 Filmi in folije Films and sheets
SIST EN ISO 8295:2004 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 8295:2004

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SIST EN ISO 8295:2004
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 8295
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2004
ICS 83.140.10
English version
Plastics - Film and sheeting - Determination of the coefficients of
friction (ISO 8295:1995)
Plastiques - Film et feuille - Détermination des coefficients
de frottement (ISO 8295:1995)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 21 June 2004.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 8295:2004: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 8295:2004
EN ISO 8295:2004 (E)






Foreword



The text of ISO 8295:1995 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 "Plastics” of
the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO
8295:2004 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 "Plastics", the secretariat of which is held by
IBN.

This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2005, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2005.

According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.



Endorsement notice

The text of ISO 8295:1995 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 8295:2004 without any
modifications.

NOTE Normative references to International Standards are listed in Annex ZA (normative).

2

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SIST EN ISO 8295:2004


EN ISO 8295:2004 (E)



Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their relevant European publications


This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of
any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to
applies (including amendments).

NOTE Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated
by (mod.), the relevant EN/HD applies.


Publication Year Title EN Year

ISO 291 1997 Plastics - Standard atmospheres for EN ISO 291 1997
conditioning and testing




3

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SIST EN ISO 8295:2004

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SIST EN ISO 8295:2004
INTERNATIONAL
IS0
STANDARD
Second edition
1995-l o-01
Plastics - Film and sheeting -
Determination of the coefficients of friction
- Film et feuille - Dk termha Con des coefficients
P/as tiques
de frottemen t
~~~
-
-
-
-
!JlliS& -
Reference number
IS0 82953 995(E)

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SIST EN ISO 8295:2004
IS0 8295: 1995(E)
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. lnternational organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(I EC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technrcai committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard IS0 8295 was prepared by Technical Committee
lSO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 11, Products.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition
(IS0 8295:1986), which has been technically revised.
Annex A of this International Standard is for information only.
0 IS0 1995
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized cn any form or by any means, electronic or mechanIcal, lncludlng photocopylng and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l Cl-i-121 1 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed In Switzerland

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SIST EN ISO 8295:2004
IS0 8295:1995(E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 0 IS0
Plastics - Film and sheeting - Determination of the
coefficients of friction
cent edition of the standard indicated below. Mem-
1 Scope
bers of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently
valid International Standards.
1.1 This International Standard specifies a method
for determining the coefficients of starting and sliding
- Standard atmospheres for
IS0 291: 1977, Plastics
friction of plastic film and sheeting when sliding over
conditioning and testing.
itself or other substances. The method is intended to
be used for non-sticky plastic film and sheeting (in the
following text, referred to simply as “film ”) of up to
3 Definitions
approximately 0,5 mm thickness.
For the purposes of this International Standard, the
following definitions apply.
1.2 This test method serves primarily for quality
control. It does not give a comprehensive assessment
3.1 friction: The resistance that two surfaces lying
of the machinability on packaging or processing ma-
in contact with each other build up against sliding.
chines since other effects, e.g. electrostatic charges,
A distinction is made between static friction and
air cushion, local rise of temperature and abrasion are,
dynamic friction.
as a rule, involved.
3.1.1 static friction: Friction which has to be over-
1.3 The static frictional force increases as a rule,
come as a “threshold value” at the onset of sliding
with the time the surfaces are in contact. Therefore,
motion.
to get comparable results, this time span is specified.
3.12 dynamic friction: Friction which persists dur-
1.4 Slip properties are sometimes generated by ad-
ing a sliding motion at a given speed.
ditives in the plastic material. The additives have
varying degrees of compatibility with the film matrix.
3.2 frictional force: The force necessary to over-
They may bloom or exude to the surface and change
come friction. A distinction is made between the
the slip properties. Since these effects are time-
static frictional force Fs and the dynamic frictional
dependent, measurements on such films have to be
force F,.
related to the age of the film.
3.3 normal force, Fp: The force acting perpendicular
to the surfaces in contact.
2 Normative reference
3.4 coefficient of friction: The ratio of the frictional
The following standard contains provisions which,
force to the normal force, acting perpendicular to the
through reference in this text, constitute provisions
two surfaces in contact.
of this International Standard. At the time of publi-
cation, the edition indicated was valid. All standards
3.4.1 static coefficient of friction:
are subject to revision, and parties to agreements
FS
based on this International Standard are encouraged
Ps = -jy-
to investigate the possibility of applying the most re- P
1

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SIST EN ISO 8295:2004
@a IS0
IS0 8295: 1995(E)
Figure I shows an example of apparatus in which the
3.42 dynamic coefficient of friction:
table is moved horizontally. The vertical motion of a
FD
tensile tester may also be utilized; in this case, the
& = F
P test table is fixed to the crosshead of the machine and
the force is deflected to the horizontal direction by a
NOTES
pulley.
1 The coefficient of friction of films usually ranges be-
The force is recorded by a chart recorder or an equiv-
tween 02 and 1.
alent electrical data-processing unit.
2 Ideally, the coefficient of friction is a characteristic inde-
pendent of the test equipment and the test conditions.
Since films generally do not behave ideally, all test par-
5.2 The test device shall comply with the following
ameters are specified in this International Standard.
conditions.
4 Principle
52.1 The surface of the test table shall be flat and
The surfaces to be tested are placed together in plane
smooth, and made of a non-ferromagnetic metal.
contact and under uniform contact pressure. The
force needed to displace the surfaces relative to each
other is recorded.
52.2 The normal force shall be generated by a sled
with a square-shaped contact base of 40 cm* (edge
5 Apparatus
length 63 mm). To ensure uniform pressure distri-
bution, the base of the sled shall be covered with an
elastic material, for example felt. The structure of this
5.1 The test device may be constructed in different
covering material shall be fine enough to avoid
ways. In general, it consists of a horizontal test table,
embossing thin films. The total mass of the sled shall
a sled, and a driving mechanism to produce a relative
motion between the sled and the test table, regard- be 200 g & 2 g (exerting a normal force of
I,96 N + 0,02 N).
less of which is the moving part. -
E G A H B G
D F C B
Sled
Test specimens
Moving table
Load cell
Reinforcement plate
Spring
Double-faced adhesive tape
Felt
Figure 1 - Example of moving-table apparatus for determination of coefficients of friction

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SIST EN ISO 8295:2004
0 IS0
IS0 8295: 1995(E)
52.3 The motion that induces the friction process Unless otherwise specified, the long axis, and thus
the test direction, shall be parallel to the machine di-
shall be free of vibrations and shall normally have a
speed of 100 mm/min + 10 mm/min. rection of the film.
In the case of specialist films or where difficulties are When different frictional properties are expected for
encountered, a speed of 500 mm/min + 10 mm/min the two surfaces, front (I) and back (Z), the two sur-
may be used. This shall be reported in clause 11, faces shall be identified and tested l/l, 2/Z and/or l/2
item f). as agreed between the interested parties.
Extreme care shall be taken in handling the samples
5.2.4 The force-measuring system, including the re-
and specimens. The test surfaces shall be kept free
cording instrument, shall not exceed an error of
of dust, fingerprints or any foreign matter that might
& 2 %. Its transition time fg9 Y0 shall not exceed
change the surface characteristics.
0,5 s. The pulling direction shall be in straight align-
ment with the frictional plane.
NOTES
If the force-measuring system of a tensile tester is
4 Testing of three pairs of test specimens represents a
used, the transition time tg9 Y0 shall be particularly minimum for estimating the statistical tolerance interval.
Depending on the intended precision and the homogeneity
checked, as the indicating systems of these machines
of the material under test, the number of specimens tested
are often rather inert.
may have to be increased. IS0 2602:1980, Statistica/ infer-
pretation of test results - Estimation of the mean - Con-
For the measurement of the static friction, the
5.2.5
fidence interval, gives guidance in this respect.
friction drag of the force-measuring system shall be
adjusted to 2 N/cm + 1 N/cm. This may be accom-
5 To avoid contamination of the surfac
...