SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011
01-december-2011
1DGRPHãþD
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 12781-2:2008
6SHFLILNDFLMDJHRPHWULMVNLKYHOLþLQL]GHOND5DYQRVWGHO3DUDPHWUL]D
VSHFLILNDFLMR,62
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Flatness - Part 2: Specification operators
(ISO 12781-2:2011)
Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) - Ebenheit - Teil 2: Spezifikationsoperatoren
(ISO 12781-2:2011)
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) - Planéité - Partie 2: Opérateurs de
spécification (ISO 12781-2:2011)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 12781-2:2011
ICS:
01.040.17 Meroslovje in merjenje. Metrology and measurement.
Fizikalni pojavi (Slovarji) Physical phenomena
(Vocabularies)
17.040.40 6SHFLILNDFLMDJHRPHWULMVNLK Geometrical Product
YHOLþLQL]GHOND*36 Specification (GPS)
SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011

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SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011


EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 12781-2

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2011
ICS 17.040.20 Supersedes CEN ISO/TS 12781-2:2007
English Version
Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Flatness - Part 2:
Specification operators (ISO 12781-2:2011)
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) - Planéité - Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) - Ebenheit - Teil
Partie 2: Opérateurs de spécification (ISO 12781-2:2011) 2: Spezifikationsoperatoren (ISO 12781-2:2011)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 26 February 2011.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 12781-2:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011
EN ISO 12781-2:2011 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3

2

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SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011
EN ISO 12781-2:2011 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 12781-2:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213 "Dimensional
and geometrical product specifications and verification" in collaboration with Technical Committee
CEN/TC 290 “Dimensional and geometrical product specification and verification” the secretariat of which is
held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by October 2011.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes CEN ISO/TS 12781-2:2007.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 12781-2:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 12781-2:2011 without any
modification.


3

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SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011

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SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 12781-2
First edition
2011-04-01

Geometrical product specifications
(GPS) — Flatness —
Part 2:
Specification operators
Spécification géométrique des produits (GPS) — Planéité —
Partie 2: Opérateurs de spécification




Reference number
ISO 12781-2:2011(E)
©
ISO 2011

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SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011
ISO 12781-2:2011(E)


COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT


©  ISO 2011
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011
ISO 12781-2:2011(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction.v
1 Scope.1
2 Normative references.1
3 Terms and definitions .1
4 Complete specification operator .1
4.1 General .1
4.2 Probing system.2
5 Compliance with the specification .2
Annex A (informative) Harmonic content of a nominally flat workpiece and extraction strategy.3
Annex B (informative) Extraction strategies .7
Annex C (informative) Relationship to the GPS matrix model .11
Bibliography.13

© ISO 2011 – All rights reserved iii

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SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011
ISO 12781-2:2011(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 12781-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213, Dimensional and geometrical product
specifications and verification.
This first edition of ISO 12781-2 cancels and replaces ISO/TS 12781-2:2003, which has been technically
revised.
ISO 12781 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geometrical product specifications (GPS) —
Flatness:
⎯ Part 1: Vocabulary and parameters of flatness
⎯ Part 2: Specification operators
iv © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011
ISO 12781-2:2011(E)
Introduction
This part of ISO 12781 is a geometrical product specification (GPS) standard and is to be regarded as a
general GPS standard (see ISO/TR 14638). It influences chain link 3 of the chain of standards on form of a
surface (independent of a datum).
The ISO/GPS Masterplan given in ISO/TR 14638 gives an overview of the ISO/GPS system of which this part
of ISO 12781 is a part. The fundamental rules of ISO/GPS given in ISO 8015 apply to this part of ISO 12781
and the default decision rules given in ISO 14253-1 apply to specifications made in accordance with this part
of ISO 12781, unless otherwise indicated.
For more detailed information on the relationship of this part of ISO 12781 to other standards and the GPS
matrix model, see Annex C.
This part of ISO 12781 specifies the specification operators according to ISO 17450-2 for flatness of integral
features.
ISO 12780-2 does not specify defaults for filter cut-off, probe tip radius and method of association (reference
plane). This means that it is necessary for a flatness specification to explicitly state which values are to be
used for these specification operations in order for it to be unique.
Consequently, if a specification does not explicitly state which values are to be used for one or more of these
operators, the specification is ambiguous (see ISO 17450-2) and a supplier can use any value for the
operator(s) not specified when proving conformance.
Extracting data always involves applying a certain filtering process. An additional filtering of the extracted data
might or might not be applied. This additional filter can be a mean line filter (Gaussian, spline, wavelet, etc.) or
a non-linear filter (e.g. morphological filter). The type of filtering influences the definition of flatness and the
specification operators and, therefore, needs to be stated unambiguously.
NOTE 1 Stylus filtering is not sufficient on its own to smooth a profile. In certain circumstances, it can create spurious
high-frequency content, thus giving incorrect values. To correct this, a longwave-pass filter can be employed. A Gaussian
filter is used, since this is the state-of-the-art. This filter has some shortcomings, e.g. it can distort, rather than eliminate
some roughness features and it can distort, rather than transmit correctly some waviness features. It is envisioned that
new filters under development within ISO provide better solutions for several of these issues.
NOTE 2 If a smaller tip radius than the one specified is used for a given cut-off length, the resulting measured value is
generally higher. This effect is usually insignificant. If a larger tip radius is used, the resulting measured value is generally
lower. The amount of change is heavily dependent on the surface measured.
NOTE 3 The measuring force of 0 N is chosen to eliminate effects of elastic deformation of the workpiece from the
specification operator. On metal surfaces with adequate thickness, the effect of normally occurring measuring forces is
negligible.
NOTE 4 Aliasing and other problems during extraction (see Annex A) due to the higher harmonic content of the skin
model, in the straightness directions, can cause specification uncertainty.
This part of ISO 12781 is not intended to disallow any means of measuring flatness.

© ISO 2011 – All rights reserved v

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SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011

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SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12781-2:2011(E)

Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Flatness —
Part 2:
Specification operators
1 Scope
This part of ISO 12781 specifies the complete specification operator for flatness of complete integral features
only, i.e. geometrical characteristics of individual features of type plane.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 12781-1:2011, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Flatness — Part 1: Vocabulary and
parameters of flatness
ISO 14253-1:1998, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) — Inspection by measurement of workpieces
and measuring equipment — Part 1: Decision rules for proving conformance or non-conformance with
specifications
1)
ISO 17450-2:— , Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — General concepts — Part 2: Basic temets,
specifications, operators and uncertainties
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 12781-1 and ISO 17450-2 apply.
4 Complete specification operator
4.1 General
The complete specification operator (see ISO 17450-2) is a full ordered set of unambiguous specification
operations in a well-defined order. The complete specification operator defines the transmission band for the
flatness surface, together with an appropriate stylus tip geometry.
NOTE In practice, it is unrealistic to achieve comprehensive coverage of the flatness feature given by the theoretical
minimum density of points (see Annex B) within an acceptable time span using current technology. Therefore, more
limited extraction strategies are employed that give specific rather than general information concerning the deviations from
flat form.

1) To be published. (Revision of ISO/TS 17450-2:2002)
© ISO 2011 – All rights reserved 1

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SIST EN ISO 12781-2:2011
ISO 12781-2:2011(E)
4.2 Probing system
4.2.1 Probing method
A contacting probing system with a stylus tip, as defined in 4.2.2, is part of the specification operator.
4.2.2 Stylus tip geometry
The theoretically exact stylus tip geometry is a sphere.
4.2.3 Probing force
The probing force is 0 N.
5 Compliance with the specification
For proving conformance or non-conformance with the specification, ISO
...