SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017
01-januar-2017
Informacijska tehnologija - Varnostne tehnike - Specifikacija za digitalno redakcijo
(ISO/IEC 27038:2014)
Information technology - Security techniques - Specification for digital redaction (ISO/IEC
27038:2014)
Informationstechnik - IT-Sicherheitsverfahren - Spezifikation für digitales Schwärzen
(ISO/IEC 27038:2014)
Technologies de l'information - Techniques de sécurité - Spécifications pour la rédaction
numérique (ISO/IEC 27038:2014)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO/IEC 27038:2016
ICS:
35.030 Informacijska varnost IT Security
SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017


EN ISO/IEC 27038
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

August 2016
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 35.040
English Version

Information technology - Security techniques -
Specification for digital redaction (ISO/IEC 27038:2014)
Technologies de l'information - Techniques de sécurité Informationstechnik - IT-Sicherheitsverfahren -
- Spécifications pour la rédaction numérique (ISO/IEC Spezifikation für digitales Schwärzen (ISO/IEC
27038:2014) 27038:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 June 2016.

CEN and CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions
for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical
references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to
any CEN and CENELEC member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN and CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN and CENELEC members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.






EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIO N

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUN G

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN and CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means Ref. No. EN ISO/IEC 27038:2016 E
reserved worldwide for CEN and CENELEC national
Members.

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017
EN ISO/IEC 27038:2016 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3

2

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017
EN ISO/IEC 27038:2016 (E)
European foreword
The text of ISO/IEC 27038:2014 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1 “Information
technology”” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and has been taken over as EN ISO/IEC 27038:2016.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2017, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/IEC 27038:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO/IEC 27038:2016 without any
modification.


3

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017
INTERNATIONAL ISO/IEC
STANDARD 27038
First edition
2014-03-15
Information technology — Security
techniques — Specification for digital
redaction
Technologies de l’information — Techniques de sécurité —
Spécifications pour la rédaction numérique
Reference number
ISO/IEC 27038:2014(E)
©
ISO/IEC 2014

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017
ISO/IEC 27038:2014(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO/IEC 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017
ISO/IEC 27038:2014(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Terms and definitions . 1
3 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 2
4 General principles of digital redaction . 2
4.1 Introduction . 2
4.2 Anonymization . 2
5 Requirements . 2
5.1 Overview . 2
5.2 Redaction principles . 3
6 Redaction processes . 4
6.1 Introduction . 4
6.2 Paper intermediaries . 4
6.3 Digital image intermediaries . 4
6.4 Simple digital redaction . 4
6.5 Complex digital redaction. 5
6.6 Contextual information . 5
7 Keeping records of redaction work. 6
8 Characteristics of software redaction tools . 6
9 Requirements for redaction testing . 7
Annex A (informative) Redacting of PDF documents . 9
© ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017
ISO/IEC 27038:2014(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical
Commission) form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are
members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical
committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical
activity. ISO and IEC technical committees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the
work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee,
ISO/IEC JTC 1.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of the joint technical committee is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the national bodies
casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/IEC 27038 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Information technology,
Subcommittee SC 27, IT Security techniques.
iv © ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017
ISO/IEC 27038:2014(E)

Introduction
Some documents can contain information that must not be disclosed to some communities. Modified
documents can be released to these communities after an appropriate processing of the original
document. This processing can include the removal of sections, paragraphs or sentences with, where
appropriate, the mention that they have been removed. This process is called the “redaction” of the
document.
The digital redaction of documents is a relatively new area of document management practice, raising
unique issues and potential risks. Where digital documents are redacted, removed information must
not be recoverable. Hence, care needs to be taken so that redacted information is permanently removed
from the digital document (e.g. it must not be simply hidden within nondisplayable portions of the
document).
This International Standard specifies methods for digital redaction of digital documents.
Redaction can also involve the removal of document metadata or the removal of some information (e.g.
an image) imported into the document.
It can be possible to identify redacted information in a redacted digital document by context. For example,
the length of the redaction replacement text can indicate the length of the redacted information, and
thus the information itself. This International Standard introduces two levels of redaction:
— BASIC redaction where context is not taken into consideration;
— ENHANCED redaction where context is taken into consideration.
Redaction techniques can be used for the anonymization of the information in a document, for example
by the removal of some names within sentences. It can also involve the removal of numbers within
sentences and their replacement by “XXX”.
© ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved v

---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017

---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 27038:2014(E)
Information technology — Security techniques —
Specification for digital redaction
1 Scope
This International Standard specifies characteristics of techniques for performing digital redaction on
digital documents. This International Standard also specifies requirements for software redaction tools
and methods of testing that digital redaction has been securely completed.
This International Standard does not include the redaction of information from databases.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
anonymization
process by which personally identifiable information (PII) is irreversibly altered in such a way that a
PII principal can no longer be identified directly or indirectly, either by the PII controller alone or in
collaboration with any other party
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 29100:2011, definition 2.2]
2.2
document
recorded information which can be treated as a unit
Note 1 to entry: Documents can contain text, pictures, video and audio content, metadata and other associated
content.
2.3
personally identifiable information
PII
any information that (a) can be used to identify the PII principal to whom such information relates, or
(b) is or might be directly or indirectly linked to a PII principal
Note 1 to entry: To determine whether a PII principal is identifiable, account should be taken of all the means
which can reasonably be used by the privacy stakeholder holding the data, or by any other party, to identify that
natural person.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 29100:2011, definition 2.9]
2.4
redaction
permanent removal of information within a document
2.5
reviewer
individual(s) who assesses a document for redaction requirements
Note 1 to entry: There could be a series of individuals who assess a particular document.
© ISO/IEC 2014 – All rights reserved 1

---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------

SIST EN ISO/IEC 27038:2017
ISO/IEC 27038:2014(E)

3 Symbols and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following abbreviations apply.
PII Personally Identifiable Information
PDF Portable Document Format
OCR Optical Character Recognition
XML Extensible Markup Language
4 General principles of digital redaction
4.1 Introduction
Redaction is carried out in order to permanently remove particular information from a copy of a
document. It should be used when, for example, one or two individual words, a sentence or paragraph,
an image, a name, address and/or signature needs to be removed from a document prior to it being
disclosed to individuals who are not authorized to view the removed information.
The process of digital redaction is not simply to remove information but also to indicate where necessary
that some information has been removed, so that the reader knows that the document has been redacted.
For example, there can be a need to know that some words or some paragraphs have been deleted in
order to maintain the semantics of the non-redacted information.
4.2 Anonymization
As an example, one of the purposes of redaction is to remove personally identifiable information (PII)
from a document (anonymization). Where such a purpose is applicable, then redaction processes shall
be so designed such that the identity of the individual about whose information is being redacted is
protected.
It can be, for example, that even though a name has been redacted from a document, the identity of the
individual is evident from the remaining information. Where anonymization is required, all information
that could be used to identify the individual shall be redacted. This shall include all information that
could be used in conjunction with other information (which can be obtained from other sources) to
identify the individual.
5 Requirements
5.1 Overview
Organizations should have the capability to identify documents that need to be redacted prior to their
release to other parts of the organization or to others (such as the public).
Redaction should be performed or overseen by reviewers that are knowledgeable about the documents
and can determine what information is to be redacted. If reviewers identifying such information do not
carry out redaction themselves, their instructions shall be specific e.g. ‘Memo dated …, paragraph no…,
line starting… and ending…’ etc.
Redaction shall be carried out on copies of the digital document. The redaction process shall result
in the creation of a new digital document where complete and irreversible removal of the redac
...