Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies - Design qualificatoin and type approval

This International Standard specifies the minimum requirements for the design qualification
and type approval of concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies suitable for
long-term operation in general open-air climates as defined in IEC 60721-2-1. The test
sequence is partially based on that specified in IEC 61215-1 for the design qualification and
type approval of flat-plate terrestrial crystalline silicon PV modules. However, some changes
have been made to account for the special features of CPV receivers and modules,
particularly with regard to the separation of on-site and in-lab tests, effects of tracking
alignment, high current density, and rapid temperature changes, which have resulted in the
formulation of some new test procedures or new requirements.
The object of this test standard is to determine the electrical, mechanical, and thermal
characteristics of the CPV modules and assemblies and to show, as far as possible within
reasonable constraints of cost and time, that the CPV modules and assemblies are capable of
withstanding prolonged exposure in climates described in the scope. The actual life of CPV
modules and assemblies so qualified will depend on their design, production, environment,
and the conditions under which they are operated.
This standard shall be used in conjunction with the retest guidelines described in Annex B.

Konzentrator-Photovoltaik(CPV)-Module und -Anordnungen - Bauarteignung und Bauartzulassung

Modules et ensembles photovoltaïques à concentration - Qualification de la conception et homologation

L'IEC 62108:2016 spécifie les exigences minimales pour la qualification de la conception et l'homologation des modules et ensembles photovoltaïques à concentration (CPV) pour une utilisation de longue durée dans les climats généraux d'air libre, comme défini dans l'IEC 60721-2-1. La séquence d'essais est partiellement issue de celle spécifiée dans l'IEC 61215-1. L'objet de la présente norme d'essai est de déterminer les caractéristiques électriques, mécaniques et thermiques des modules et ensembles CPV et de montrer que les modules et ensembles CPV peuvent supporter une exposition prolongée aux climats définis dans le domaine d'application. Cette nouvelle édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
a) modification de l'essai d'exposition en site naturel de 1 000 h réduites à 500 h;
b) modifications des cycles de courant pendant l'essai de cyclage thermique;
c) ajout de l'essai relatif à la pénétration de poussière;
d) suppression du cyclage thermique associé à l'essai de chaleur humide;
e) suppression de l'essai d'exposition aux UV.

Koncentratorski fotonapetostni (CPV) moduli in sestavi - Ocena zasnove in odobritev tipa

Ta mednarodni standard določa minimalne zahteve za oceno zasnove in odobritev tipa koncentratorskih fotonapetostnih (CPV) modulov in sestavov, primernih za dolgotrajno uporabo v običajnih okoljih na prostem, kot je opredeljeno v standardu IEC 60721-2-1. Preskusno zaporedje delno temelji na zaporedju, določenem v standardu IEC 61215-1 za oceno zasnove in odobritev tipa za ploščate prizemne fotonapetostne module iz kristalnega silicija. Vendar so bile vpeljane spremembe, ki obravnavajo posebne funkcije koncentratorskih fotonapetostnih sprejemnikov in modulov,
zlasti glede ločevanja preskusov na kraju samem in laboratorijskih preskusov, učinkov poravnave, visoke tokovne gostote in hitrih temperaturnih sprememb, na podlagi katerih so bili pripravljeni nekateri novi preskusni postopki ali nove zahteve.
Namen tega preskusnega standarda je določiti električne, mehanske in toplotne lastnosti koncentratorskih fotonapetostnih modulov in sestavov ter prikazati (kot je mogoče v razumnih stroškovnih in časovnih omejitvah), da lahko koncentratorski fotonapetostni moduli in sestavi prenesejo učinke dolgotrajne izpostavljenosti v okoljih, opisanih v okviru področja uporabe. Dejanska življenjska doba tako ocenjenih koncentratorskih fotonapetostnih modulov in sestavov je odvisna od njihove zasnove, izdelave, okolja uporabe in pogojev delovanja.
Ta standard se uporablja skupaj z navodili za ponovno preskušanje, opisanimi v dodatku B.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
16-Jan-2017
Current Stage
6060 - National Implementation/Publication (Adopted Project)
Start Date
11-Jan-2017
Due Date
18-Mar-2017
Completion Date
17-Jan-2017

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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 62108:2017
01-februar-2017
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 62108:2008
Koncentratorski fotonapetostni (CPV) moduli in sestavi - Ocena zasnove in
odobritev tipa
Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies - Design qualificatoin and type
approval
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 62108:2016
ICS:
27.160 6RQþQDHQHUJLMD Solar energy engineering
SIST EN 62108:2017 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 62108:2017

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SIST EN 62108:2017


EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 62108

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2016
ICS 27.160 Supersedes EN 62108:2008
English Version
Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies -
Design qualification and type approval
(IEC 62108:2016)
Modules et ensembles photovoltaïques à concentration - Konzentrator-Photovoltaik(CPV)-Module und -Anordnungen -
Qualification de la conception et homologation Bauarteignung und Bauartzulassung
(IEC 62108:2016) (IEC 62108:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2016-10-31. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.


European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
 Ref. No. EN 62108:2016 E

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SIST EN 62108:2017
EN 62108:2016
European foreword
The text of document 82/1142/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 62108, prepared by IEC/TC 82 "Solar
photovoltaic energy systems" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by
CENELEC as EN 62108:2016.
The following dates are fixed:
(dop) 2017-07-31
• latest date by which the document has to be implemented at
national level by publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
(dow) 2019-10-31
• latest date by which the national standards conflicting with
the document have to be withdrawn

This document supersedes EN 62108:2008.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 62108:2016 was approved by CENELEC as a European
Standard without any modification.
2

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SIST EN 62108:2017
EN 62108:2016
Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod),
the relevant EN/HD applies.
NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is
available here: www.cenelec.eu.

Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60068-2-21 2006 Environmental testing - EN 60068-2-21 2006
Part 2-21: Tests - Test U: Robustness of
terminations and integral mounting
devices
IEC 60529 -  Degrees of protection provided by EN 60529 -
enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 61215-2 2016 Terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules - EN 61215-2 2016
Design qualification and type approval -
Part 2: Test procedures
IEC 62670-1 -  Photovoltaic concentrators (CPV) - EN 62670-1 -
Performance testing -
Part 1: Standard conditions
ANSI/UL 1703 2002 Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Modules and - -
Panels

3

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SIST EN 62108:2017

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SIST EN 62108:2017



IEC 62108

®


Edition 2.0 2016-09




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME



INTERNATIONALE











Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies – Design qualification

and type approval




Modules et ensembles photovoltaïques à concentration – Qualification de la

conception et homologation
















INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE


INTERNATIONALE




ICS 27.160 ISBN 978-2-8322-3627-7



Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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SIST EN 62108:2017
– 2 – IEC 62108:2016 © IEC 2016
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
1 Scope and object . 7
2 Normative references. 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Sampling . 9
5 Marking . 10
6 Testing . 10
7 Pass criteria . 11
8 Report . 18
9 Modifications . 19
10 Test procedures . 19
10.1 Visual inspection . 19
10.1.1 General . 19
10.1.2 Procedure . 19
10.1.3 Major visual defects . 20
10.1.4 Requirements . 20
10.2 Electrical performance measurement . 20
10.2.1 Purpose . 20
10.2.2 Outdoor side-by-side I-V measurement . 20
10.2.3 Solar simulator I-V measurement . 22
10.2.4 Dark I-V measurement . 22
10.3 Ground path continuity test . 23
10.3.1 General . 23
10.3.2 Purpose . 23
10.3.3 Procedure . 23
10.3.4 Requirements . 23
10.4 Electrical insulation test . 24
10.4.1 Purpose . 24
10.4.2 Procedure . 24
10.4.3 Requirements . 24
10.5 Wet insulation test . 25
10.5.1 Purpose . 25
10.5.2 Procedure . 25
10.5.3 Requirements . 25
10.6 Thermal cycling test . 25
10.6.1 Purpose . 25
10.6.2 Test sample . 26
10.6.3 Procedure . 26
10.6.4 Requirements . 27
10.7 Damp heat test . 28
10.7.1 Purpose . 28
10.7.2 Test sample . 28
10.7.3 Procedure . 28
10.7.4 Requirements . 29
10.8 Humidity freeze test . 29

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SIST EN 62108:2017
IEC 62108:2016 © IEC 2016 – 3 –
10.8.1 Purpose . 29
10.8.2 Test sample . 29
10.8.3 Procedure . 29
10.8.4 Requirements . 29
10.9 Hail impact test . 30
10.9.1 Purpose . 30
10.9.2 Apparatus . 30
10.9.3 Procedure . 31
10.9.4 Requirements . 31
10.10 Water spray test . 31
10.10.1 General . 31
10.10.2 Purpose . 31
10.10.3 Procedure . 32
10.10.4 Requirements . 32
10.11 Bypass/blocking diode thermal test . 32
10.11.1 Purpose . 32
10.11.2 Test sample . 33
10.11.3 Apparatus . 33
10.11.4 Procedure . 33
10.11.5 Requirements . 33
10.11.6 Procedure 2 – Alternate method . 34
10.12 Robustness of terminations test . 35
10.12.1 Purpose . 35
10.12.2 Types of terminations . 35
10.12.3 Procedure . 35
10.12.4 Requirements . 36
10.13 Mechanical load test . 36
10.13.1 Purpose . 36
10.13.2 Procedure . 37
10.13.3 Requirements . 37
10.14 Off-axis beam damage test . 37
10.14.1 General . 37
10.14.2 Purpose . 37
10.14.3 Special case . 37
10.14.4 Procedure . 37
10.14.5 Requirements . 38
10.15 Outdoor exposure test . 38
10.15.1 Purpose . 38
10.15.2 Procedure . 38
10.15.3 Requirements . 38
10.16 Hot-spot endurance test . 39
10.17 Dust ingress protection test . 39
10.17.1 Purpose . 39
10.17.2 Procedure . 39
10.17.3 Requirements . 39
Annex A (informative) Summary of test conditions and requirements . 40
Annex B (normative) Retesting guideline . 43
B.1 Product or process modifications requiring limited retesting to maintain
certification . 43

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SIST EN 62108:2017
– 4 – IEC 62108:2016 © IEC 2016
B.2 Modifications of CPV cell technology . 43
B.3 Modifications in optical encapsulation on the cell (Includes optical coupling
between the cell and a glass secondary optical element bonded to the cell) . 44
B.4 Modification in cell encapsulation outside of intended light path . 44
B.5 Modification of cell package substrate used for heat transfer . 44
B.6 Accessible optics (primary or secondary) . 45
B.7 Inaccessible optics (secondary) . 45
B.8 Frame and/or mounting structure . 45
B.9 Enclosure. 46
B.10 Wiring compartment/junction box . 46
B.11 Interconnection terminals . 46
B.12 Interconnection materials or technique (to cells and between receivers) . 47
B.13 Change in electrical circuit design in an identical package . 47
B.14 Output power . 47
B.15 Thermal energy transfer means . 48
B.16 Adhesives . 48

Figure 1 – Schematic of point-focus dish PV concentrator . 12
Figure 2 – Schematic of linear-focus trough PV concentrator . 13
Figure 3 – Schematic of point-focus fresnel lens PV concentrator . 14
Figure 4 – Schematic of linear-focus fresnel lens PV concentrator . 15
Figure 5 – Schematic of a heliostat CPV . 16
Figure 6 – Qualification test sequence for CPV modules . 17
Figure 7 – Qualification test sequence for CPV assemblies . 18
Figure 8 – Temperature and current profile of thermal cycle test (not to scale) . 28
Figure 9 – Profile of humidity-freeze test conditions . 30
Figure 10 – Bypass diode thermal test . 34

Table 1 – Terms used for CPV . 9
Table 2 – Allocation of test samples to typical test sequences . 11
Table 3 – Thermal cycle test options for sequence A . 27
Table 4 – Humidity freeze test options for sequence B . 29
Table 5 – Minimum wind loads . 36
Table A.1 – Summary of test conditions and requirements . 40

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SIST EN 62108:2017
IEC 62108:2016 © IEC 2016 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC (CPV) MODULES AND ASSEMBLIES –
DESIGN QUALIFICATION AND TYPE APPROVAL

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 62108 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 82: Solar
photovoltaic energy systems.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, issued in 2007. It constitutes a
technical revision.
The main technical changes with regard to the previous edition are as follows:
a) Changes in outdoor exposure from 1000 h to 500 h.
b) Changes in current cycling during thermal cycling test.
c) Added dust ingress test.
d) Eliminated thermal cycling associated with damp heat test.
e) Eliminated UV exposure test.

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SIST EN 62108:2017
– 6 – IEC 62108:2016 © IEC 2016
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
82/1142/FDIS 82/1161/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC website under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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SIST EN 62108:2017
IEC 62108:2016 © IEC 2016 – 7 –
CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC (CPV) MODULES AND ASSEMBLIES –
DESIGN QUALIFICATION AND TYPE APPROVAL



1 Scope and object
This International Standard specifies the minimum requirements for the design qualification
and type approval of concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies suitable for
long-term operation in general open-air climates as defined in IEC 60721-2-1. The test
sequence is partially based on that specified in IEC 61215-1 for the design qualification and
type approval of flat-plate terrestrial crystalline silicon PV modules. However, some changes
have been made to account for the special features of CPV receivers and modules,
particularly with regard to the separation of on-site and in-lab tests, effects of tracking
alignment, high current density, and rapid temperature changes, which have resulted in the
formulation of some new test procedures or new requirements.
The object of this test standard is to determine the electrical, mechanical, and thermal
characteristics of the CPV modules and assemblies and to show, as far as possible within
reasonable constraints of cost and time, that the CPV modules and assemblies are capable of
withstanding prolonged exposure in climates described in the scope. The actual life of CPV
modules and assemblies so qualified will depend on their design, production, environment,
and the conditions under which they are operated.
This standard shall be used in conjunction with the retest guidelines described in Annex B.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60068-2-21:2006, Environmental testing – Part 2-21: Tests – Test U: Robustness of
terminations and integral mounting devices
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 61215-2:2016, Terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and type
approval – Part 2: Test procedures
IEC 62670-1, Photovoltaic concentrators (CPV) – Performance testing – Part 1: Standard
conditions
ANSI/UL 1703:2002, Standard for Safety: Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Modules and Panels
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. See also Table 1.
3.1
concentrator
term associated with photovoltaic devices that use concentrated sunlight

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SIST EN 62108:2017
– 8 – IEC 62108:2016 © IEC 2016
3.2
concentrator cell
basic photovoltaic device that is used under the illumination of concentrated sunlight
3.3
concentrator optics
optical device that performs one or more of the following functions from its input to output:
increasing the light intensity, filtering the spectrum, modifying light intensity distribution, or
changing light direction. Typically, it is a lens or a mirror
Note 1 to entry: A primary optics receives unconcentrated sunlight directly from the sun. A secondary optics
receives concentrated or modified sunlight from another optical device, such as primary optics or another
secondary optics.
3.4
concentrator receiver
group of one or more concentrator cells and secondary optics (if present) that accepts
concentrated sunl
...

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