SIST EN ISO 20815:2008

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
01-september-2008
3HWURNHPLþQDLQGXVWULMDWHULQGXVWULMD]DSUHGHODYRQDIWHLQ]HPHOMVNHJDSOLQD
2SWLPL]DFLMDSURL]YRGQMHLQXSUDYOMDQMH]DQHVOMLYRVWL,62
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Production assurance and
reliability management (ISO 20815:2008)
Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Betriebsoptimierung und Zuverlässigkeitsmanagement (ISO
20815:2008)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Assurance de la production et
management de la fiabilité (ISO 20815:2008)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 20815:2008
ICS:
75.180.01 Oprema za industrijo nafte in Equipment for petroleum and
zemeljskega plina na splošno natural gas industries in
general
75.200 2SUHPD]DVNODGLãþHQMH Petroleum products and
QDIWHQDIWQLKSURL]YRGRYLQ natural gas handling
]HPHOMVNHJDSOLQD equipment
SIST EN ISO 20815:2008 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008

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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 20815
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2008
ICS 75.180.01; 75.200

English Version
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries -
Production assurance and reliability management (ISO
20815:2008)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Erdöl- und Erdgasindustrie - Betriebsoptimierung und
Assurance de la production et management de la fiabilité Zuverlässigkeitsmanagement (ISO 20815:2008)
(ISO 20815:2008)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 18 April 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the
official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 20815:2008: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
EN ISO 20815:2008 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword.3

2

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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
EN ISO 20815:2008 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 20815:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 "Materials,
equipment and offshore structures for petroleum and natural gas industries" in collaboration with Technical
Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and
natural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by December 2008.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 20815:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 20815:2008 without any modification.

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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008

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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 20815
First edition
2008-06-01


Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas
industries — Production assurance and
reliability management
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel — Assurance
de la production et management de la fiabilité





Reference number
ISO 20815:2008(E)
©
ISO 2008

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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
ISO 20815:2008(E)
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©  ISO 2008
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
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Published in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2008 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
ISO 20815:2008(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 2
3.1 Terms and definitions. 2
3.2 Abbreviations . 7
4 Production assurance and decision support . 8
4.1 Framework conditions. 8
4.2 Optimization process . 9
4.3 Production-assurance programme . 11
4.4 Alternative standards . 15
5 Production-assurance processes and activities . 15
Annex A (informative) Contents of production-assurance programme (PAP) . 17
Annex B (informative) Core production-assurance processes and activities . 19
Annex C (informative) Interacting production-assurance processes and activities. 26
Annex D (informative) Production-performance analyses. 30
Annex E (informative) Reliability and production-performance data . 34
Annex F (informative) Performance objectives and requirements . 36
Annex G (informative) Performance measures for production availability. 38
Annex H (informative) Catastrophic events. 47
Annex I (informative) Outline of techniques. 49
Bibliography . 64

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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
ISO 20815:2008(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 20815 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures
for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
ISO 20815:2008(E)
Introduction
The petroleum and natural gas industries involve large capital investment costs as well as operational
expenditures. The profitability of these industries is dependent upon the reliability, availability and
maintainability of the systems and components that are used. Therefore, for optimal production availability in
the oil and gas business, a standardized, integrated reliability approach is required.
The concept of production assurance, introduced in this International Standard, enables a common
understanding with respect to use of reliability technology in the various life-cycle phases and covers the
activities implemented to achieve and maintain a performance level that is at its optimum in terms of the
overall economy and, at the same time, consistent with applicable regulatory and framework conditions.
Annexes A through I are for information only.

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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008

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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20815:2008(E)

Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries —
Production assurance and reliability management
1 Scope
This International Standard introduces the concept of production assurance within the systems and operations
associated with exploration drilling, exploitation, processing and transport of petroleum, petrochemical and
natural gas resources. This International Standard covers upstream (including subsea), midstream and
downstream facilities and activities. It focuses on production assurance of oil and gas production, processing
and associated activities and covers the analysis of reliability and maintenance of the components.
It provides processes and activities, requirements and guidelines for systematic management, effective
planning, execution and use of production assurance and reliability technology. This is to achieve cost-
effective solutions over the life cycle of an asset-development project structured around the following main
elements:
⎯ production-assurance management for optimum economy of the facility through all of its life-cycle phases,
while also considering constraints arising from health, safety, environment, quality and human factors;
⎯ planning, execution and implementation of reliability technology;
⎯ application of reliability and maintenance data;
⎯ reliability-based design and operation improvement.
For standards on equipment reliability and maintenance performance in general, see the IEC 60300-3 series.
This International Standard designates 12 processes, of which seven are defined as core production-
assurance processes and addressed in this International Standard. The remaining five processes are denoted
as interacting processes and are outside the scope of this International Standard. The interaction of the core
production-assurance processes with these interacting processes, however, is within the scope of this
International Standard as the information flow to and from these latter processes is required to ensure that
production-assurance requirements can be fulfilled.
This International Standard recommends that the listed processes and activities be initiated only if they can be
considered to add value.
The only requirements mandated by this International Standard are the establishment and execution of the
production-assurance programme (PAP).
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 14224:2006, Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Collection and exchange of reliability
and maintenance data for equipment
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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
ISO 20815:2008(E)
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
availability
ability of an item to be in a state to perform a required function under given conditions at a given instant of
time, or in average over a given time interval, assuming that the required external resources are provided
See Figure G.1 for further information.
3.1.2
common cause failure
failures of different items resulting from the same direct cause, occurring within a relatively short time, where
these failures are not consequences of each other
3.1.3
corrective maintenance
maintenance that is carried out after a fault recognition and intended to put an item into a state in which it can
perform a required function
[2]
See IEC 60050-191:1990, Figure 191-10 , for more specific information.
3.1.4
deliverability
ratio of deliveries to planned deliveries over a specified period of time, when the effect of compensating
elements, such as substitution from other producers and downstream buffer storage, is included
See Figure G.1 for further information.
3.1.5
design life
planned usage time for the total system
NOTE Design life should not be confused with MTTF (3.1.25), which is comprised of several items that may be
allowed to fail within the design life of the system as long as repair or replacement is feasible.
3.1.6
down state
internal disabled state of an item characterized either by a fault or by a possible inability to perform a required
[2]
function during preventive maintenance
NOTE This state is related to availability performance.
3.1.7
downtime
[2]
time interval during which an item is in a non-working state
NOTE The downtime includes all the delays between the item failure and the restoration of its service. Downtime can
be either planned or unplanned.
3.1.8
downstream
business process, most commonly in the petroleum industry, associated with post-production activities
EXAMPLES Refining, transportation and marketing of petroleum products.
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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
ISO 20815:2008(E)
3.1.9
failure
termination of the ability of an item to perform a required function
NOTE 1 After failure, the item has a fault.
NOTE 2 “Failure” is an event, as distinguished from “fault”, which is a state.
3.1.10
failure cause
root cause
[2]
circumstances during design, manufacture or use that have led to a failure
NOTE Generic failure cause codes applicable for equipment failures are defined in ISO 14224:2006, B.2.3.
3.1.11
failure data
data characterizing the occurrence of a failure event
3.1.12
failure mode
effect by which a failure is observed on the failed item
NOTE Failure-mode codes are defined for some equipment classes in ISO 14224:2006, B.2.6.
3.1.13
failure rate
limit, if this exists, of the ratio of the conditional probability that the instant of time, T, of a failure of an item falls
within a given time interval, (t + ∆t) and the length of this interval, ∆t, when ∆t tends to zero, given that the item
is in an up state at the beginning of the time interval
See ISO 14224:2006, Clause C.3 for further explanation of the failure rate.
NOTE 1 In this definition, t may also denote the time to failure or the time to first failure.
NOTE 2 A practical interpretation of failure rate is the number of failures relative to the corresponding operational time.
In some cases, time can be replaced by units of use. In most cases, the reciprocal of MTTF (3.1.25) can be used as the
predictor for the failure rate, i.e. the average number of failures per unit of time in the long run if the units are replaced by
an identical unit at failure.
NOTE 3 The failure rate can be based on operational time or calendar time.
3.1.14
fault
state of an item characterized by inability to perform a required function, excluding the inability during
[2]
preventive maintenance or other planned actions, or due to lack of external resources
NOTE A fault is often a result of a failure of the item itself but the state can exist without a failure.
3.1.15
fault tolerance
attribute of an item that makes it able to perform a required function in the presence of certain given sub-item
[2]
faults
3.1.16
item
any part, component, device, subsystem, functional unit, equipment or system that can be individually
[2]
considered
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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
ISO 20815:2008(E)
3.1.17
logistic delay
accumulated time during which maintenance cannot be carried out due to the necessity to acquire
[29]
maintenance resources, excluding any administrative delay
NOTE Logistic delays can be due to, for example, travelling to unattended installations; pending arrival of spare parts,
specialist, test equipment and information; or delays due to unsuitable environmental conditions (e.g. waiting on weather).
3.1.18
lost revenue
LOSTREV
total cost of lost or deferred production due to downtime
3.1.19
maintainable item
item that constitutes a part, or an assembly of parts, that is normally the lowest level in the equipment
hierarchy during maintenance
See ISO 14224:2006, Annex A, for examples of maintainable items for a variety of equipment.
3.1.20
maintenance
combination of all technical and administrative actions, including supervisory actions, intended to retain an
[2]
item in, or restore it to, a state in which it can perform a required function
3.1.21
maintenance data
data characterizing the maintenance action planned or done
3.1.22
maintainability
〈general〉 ability of an item under given conditions of use, to be retained in, or restored to, a state in which it
can perform a required function, when maintenance is performed under given conditions and using stated
[2]
procedures and resources
See Figure G.1 for further information.
3.1.23
maintenance support performance
ability of a maintenance organization, under given conditions, to provide upon demand, the resources required
[2]
to maintain an item, under a given maintenance policy
NOTE The given conditions are related to the item itself and to the conditions under which the item is used and
maintained.
3.1.24
mean time between failures
MTBF
[2]
expectation of the time between failures
NOTE The MTBF of an item can be longer or shorter than the design life of the system.
3.1.25
mean time to failure
MTTF
[2]
expectation of the time to failure
NOTE The MTTF of an item can be longer or shorter than the design life of the system.
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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
ISO 20815:2008(E)
3.1.26
mean time to repair
MTTR
[2]
expectation of the time to restoration
3.1.27
midstream
business category involving the processing, storage and transportation sectors of the petroleum industry
EXAMPLES Transportation pipelines, terminals, gas processing and treatment, LNG, LPG and GTL.
3.1.28
modification
[2]
combination of all technical and administrative actions intended to change an item
3.1.29
observation period
time period during which production performance and reliability data are recorded
3.1.30
operating state
[2]
state when an item is performing a required function
3.1.31
operating time
[2]
time interval during which an item is in an operating state
3.1.32
performance objectives
indicative level for the desired performance
NOTE Objectives are expressed in qualitative or quantitative terms. Objectives are not absolute requirements and
may be modified based on cost or technical constraints.
3.1.33
performance requirements
required minimum level for the performance of a system
NOTE Requirements are normally quantitative but may also be qualitative.
3.1.34
petrochemicals
business category producing the chemicals derived from petroleum and used as feedstock for the
manufacture of a variety of plastics and other related products
EXAMPLES Methanol, polypropylene.
3.1.35
preventive maintenance
maintenance carried out at predetermined intervals or according to prescribed criteria and intended to reduce
[2]
the probability of failure or the degradation of the functioning of an item
3.1.36
production-performance analysis
systematic evaluations and calculations carried out to assess the production performance of a system
NOTE The term should be used primarily for analysis of total systems, but may also be used for analysis of
production unavailability of a partial system.
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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
ISO 20815:2008(E)
3.1.37
production assurance
activities implemented to achieve and maintain a performance that is at its optimum in terms of the overall
economy and at the same time consistent with applicable framework conditions
3.1.38
production availability
ratio of production to planned production, or any other reference level, over a specified period of time
NOTE This measure is used in connection with analysis of delimited systems without compensating elements such
as substitution from other producers and downstream buffer storage. Battery limits need to be defined in each case.
See Figure G.1 for further information.
3.1.39
production performance
capacity of a system to meet demand for deliveries or performance
NOTE 1 Production availability, deliverability or other appropriate measures can be used to express production
performance.
NOTE 2 The use of production-performance terms should specify whether it represents a predicted or historic
production performance.
3.1.40
redundancy
[2]
existence of more than one means for performing a required function
3.1.41
reliability
[2]
ability of an item to perform a required function under given conditions for a given time interval
NOTE 1 The term “reliability” is also used as a measure of reliability performance and may also be expressed as a
probability.
NOTE 2 See Figure G.1 for further information.
3.1.42
reliability data
data for reliability, maintainability and maintenance support performance
NOTE Reliability and maintainability (RM) data is the term applied by ISO 14224:2006.
3.1.43
required function
[2]
function, or combination of functions, of an item that is considered necessary to provide a given service
3.1.44
risk
[20]
combination of the probability of an event and the consequences of the event
3.1.45
risk register
tool to log, follow up and close out relevant risks
NOTE Each entry in the risk register should typically include
⎯ description of the risk,
⎯ description of the action(s),
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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
ISO 20815:2008(E)
⎯ responsible party,
⎯ due date,
⎯ action status.
3.1.46
survival probability
R(t)
likelihood of the continued functioning of an item, as given by Equation (1):
Rtf=>T t (1)
() ( )
Pr
where
f is a probability function;
Pr
T is the time to failure of an item;
t is a time equal to or greater than 0.
3.1.47
up state
state of an item characterized by the fact it can perform a required function, assuming that the external
[2]
resources, if required, are provided
NOTE This relates to availability performance.
3.1.48
upstream
business category of the petroleum industry involving exploration and production
EXAMPLES Offshore oil/gas production facility, drilling rig, intervention vessel.
3.1.49
uptime
[2]
time interval during which an item is in the up state
3.1.50
variability
variations in performance measures for different time periods under defined framework conditions
NOTE The variations can be a result of the downtime pattern for equipment and systems or operating factors, such
as wind, waves and access to certain repair resources.
3.2 Abbreviations
BOP blowout preventer
CAPEX capital expenditures
ESD emergency shut down
FMEA failure modes and effects analysis
FMECA failure modes, effects and criticality analysis
FNA flow-network analysis
FTA fault-tree analysis
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SIST EN ISO 20815:2008
ISO 20815:2008(E)
GTL gas to liquid
HAZID hazard identification
HAZOP hazard and operability study
HSE health, safety, environment
LCC life-cycle cost
LNG liquefied natural gases
LOSTREV lost revenue
LPG liquefied petroleum gases
MPA Markov process analysis
MTBF mean time between failure
MTTF mean time to failure
MTTR mean time to repair
OPEX operational expenditure
PAP production-assurance programme
PNA petri net analysis
POR performance and operability review
RBD reliability block diagram
RBI risk-based inspection
RCM reliability-centred maintenance
ROV remote operated vehicle
SIMOPS simultaneous operations
SRA structural-reliability analysis
QA quality assurance
4 Production assurance and decision support
4.1 Framework conditions
The objective associated with systematic production assurance is to contribute to the alignment of design and
operational decisions with corporate business objectives.
In order to fulfil this objective, technical and operational measures as indicated in Figure 1 may be used during
design or operation to change the production performance. Figure 1 shows 21 factors that to a greater or
lesser degree can have an effect on production performance. Some of these factors are purely technical and it
is necessary that they be adhered to in design; others are related purely to operation. Most of the factors have
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