SIST EN ISO 15382:2017

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 15382:2017
01-december-2017
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Radiological protection - Procedures for monitoring the dose to the lens of the eye, the
skin and the extremities (ISO 15382:2015)
Strahlenschutz - Verfahren für die Überwachung der Dosis von Augenlinse, Haut und
Extremitäten (ISO 15382:2015)
Radioprotection - Procédures pour la surveillance des doses au cristallin, à la peau et
aux extrémités (ISO 15382:2015)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 15382:2017
ICS:
13.280 Varstvo pred sevanjem Radiation protection
SIST EN ISO 15382:2017 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 15382:2017

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SIST EN ISO 15382:2017


EN ISO 15382
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

October 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.280
English Version

Radiological protection - Procedures for monitoring the
dose to the lens of the eye, the skin and the extremities
(ISO 15382:2015)
Radioprotection - Procédures pour la surveillance des Strahlenschutz - Verfahren für die Überwachung der
doses au cristallin, à la peau et aux extrémités (ISO Dosis von Augenlinse, Haut und Extremitäten (ISO
15382:2015) 15382:2015)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 September 2017.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 15382:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 15382:2017
EN ISO 15382:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3

2

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SIST EN ISO 15382:2017
EN ISO 15382:2017 (E)
European foreword
The text of ISO 15382:2015 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 85 “Nuclear energy,
nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” of the International Organization for Standardization
(ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 15382:2017 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 430 “Nuclear
energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 15382:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 15382:2017 without any modification.


3

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SIST EN ISO 15382:2017

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SIST EN ISO 15382:2017
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15382
Second edition
2015-12-01
Radiological protection — Procedures
for monitoring the dose to the lens of
the eye, the skin and the extremities
Radioprotection — Procédures pour la surveillance des doses au
cristallin, à la peau et aux extrémités
Reference number
ISO 15382:2015(E)
©
ISO 2015

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SIST EN ISO 15382:2017
ISO 15382:2015(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 15382:2017
ISO 15382:2015(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Individual monitoring . 2
4.1 Quantities . 2
4.2 Dose limits and monitoring levels . 2
4.3 Monitoring period . 3
4.4 Extremity, skin and lens of the eye monitoring . 3
4.5 Uncertainties . 3
4.6 Characteristics of radiation fields . 4
5 Assessment of dose levels prior to routine monitoring . 4
5.1 General . 4
5.2 Indications from workplace measurements . 4
5.3 Indications from whole body dosimetry . 5
5.4 Indications from literature data . 5
5.5 Indications from simulations . 5
5.6 Indications from confirmatory measurements . 5
6 Personal dosimetry. 6
6.1 Extremity and skin dosimetry . 6
6.1.1 Locations to monitor . 6
6.1.2 Types of dosemeters . 6
6.1.3 Technical specifications of dosemeters . 7
6.1.4 Application of correction factors . 7
6.2 Monitoring of the lens of the eye . 7
6.2.1 Locations to monitor . 7
6.2.2 Types of dosemeters . 8
6.2.3 Technical specifications of dosemeters . 8
6.2.4 Application of correction factors . 8
7 Interpretation and management of the results . 9
7.1 Analyses of results . 9
7.2 Optimization . 9
7.3 Registration and documentation . 9
8 Special cases . 9
8.1 Contamination . 9
8.1.1 General. 9
8.1.2 Estimation of dose to the skin or the lens of the eye from contamination .10
8.1.3 Estimation of dose to the skin or to the eye lens from hot particles .10
8.1.4 Estimation of dose to the skin or to the lens of the eye from contamination
on protective clothing .11
8.2 Estimation of dose from exposure to radioactivity in the air .11
8.3 Need to correct estimated doses due to contamination of dosemeters .11
Annex A (normative) Technical specifications of dosemeters .13
Annex B (informative) Monitoring the dose to the lens of the eye .14
Annex C (informative) Special considerations in the medical sector .18
Annex D (informative) Special considerations in nuclear power plants.21
Bibliography .25
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved iii

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SIST EN ISO 15382:2017
ISO 15382:2015(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 85, Nuclear energy, nuclear technologies and
radiological protection, Subcommittee SC 2, Radiological protection.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 15382:2002), which has been technically
revised. The main changes are the addition of procedures for monitoring the dose to the lens of the eye.
iv © ISO 2015 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 15382:2017
ISO 15382:2015(E)

Introduction
The human body has to be protected from effects of ionizing radiation. The stochastic effects are
covered by the limit on the effective dose while tissue reactions (deterministic effects) are covered
by the dose limits for specific organs. The human skin has to be protected from tissue reactions, like
erythema and ulceration. For the lens of the eye, there is the risk of radiation induced opacities and
cataract at elevated exposures. To protect the skin of the whole body, the extremities, and the lens
of the eye, separate dose limits are recommended by the International Commission on Radiological
Protection (ICRP). These separate dose limits are needed because, in case of localized exposures, the
organ doses to the skin and the lens of the eye could exceed these limits even if the effective doses were
lower than the limit.
Specific dosimetry is needed to monitor these doses and to assess compliance with applicable limits.
There are some situations where the correct assessment of the exposure of the skin, extremities, and
lens of the eye can be important. In the nuclear sector, there can be exposure due to weakly penetrating
radiation caused by unshielded open radioactive sources, or by work in glove boxes. These types of
exposure can occur, in particular, in connection with contamination. Exposure to weakly penetrating
radiation from radioactive noble gases in room air also has to be considered. In the medical field, doses
to extremities and doses to the lens of the eye can be important during interventional procedures and
in nuclear medicine.
Monitoring the extremities and the lens of the eye is not always straightforward, and many practical
problems arise for the application of monitoring in the workplace. As a result, monitoring is often not
done as it should be, or not done at all. This International Standard provides guidance on how and when
this monitoring should be done, for all the different types of workplace fields.
This International Standard is directed to all who are involved in the dosimetry of the skin, extremities,
and the lens of the eye, like for example, radiation protection officers, regulators, workers, dosimetry
services, etc.
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved v

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SIST EN ISO 15382:2017
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15382:2015(E)
Radiological protection — Procedures for monitoring the
dose to the lens of the eye, the skin and the extremities
1 Scope
This International Standard provides procedures for monitoring the dose to the skin, the extremities,
and the lens of the eye. It gives guidance on how to decide if such dosemeters are needed and to ensure
that individual monitoring is appropriate to the nature of the exposure, taking practical considerations
into account. National regulations, if they exist, provide requirements that need to be followed.
This International Standard specifies procedures for individual monitoring of radiation exposure of
the skin, extremities (hands, fingers, wrists, forearms, feet and ankles), and lens of the eye in planned
exposure situations. It covers practices which involve a risk of exposure to photons in the range of
8 keV to 10 MeV and electrons and positrons in the range of 60 keV to 10 MeV.
This International Standard gives guidance for the design of a monitoring program to ensure
compliance with legal individual dose limits. It refers to the appropriate operational dose quantities,
and it gives guidance on the type and frequency of individual monitoring and the type and positioning
of the dosemeter. Finally, different approaches to assess and analyse skin, extremity, and lens of the eye
doses are given.
It is not in the scope of this International Standard to consider exposure due to alpha or neutron
radiation fields.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO/TS 18090-1, Radiological protection — Characteristics of reference pulsed radiation — Part 1:
Photon radiation.
IEC 62387, Radiation protection instrumentation — Passive integrating dosimetry systems for personal
and environmental monitoring of photon and beta radiation
IEC 60846-1, Radiation protection instrumentation — Ambient and/or directional dose equivalent (rate)
meters and/or monitors for beta, X and gamma radiation — Part 1: Portable workplace and environmental
meters and monitors
IEC 61526, Radiation protection instrumentation — Measurement of personal dose equivalents Hp(10) and
Hp(0,07) for X, gamma, neutron and beta radiations — Direct reading personal dose equivalent meters
ICRP, 2007. The 2007 Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection,
ICRP Publication 103. Ann. ICRP 37 (2-4)
ICRP, 2010. Conversion Coefficients for Radiological Protection Quantities for External Radiation
Exposures, ICRP Publication 116, Ann. ICRP 40(2–5), 2010
ICRP, 2012. ICRP Statement on Tissue Reactions / Early and Late Effects of Radiation in Normal Tissues
and Organs – Threshold Doses for Tissue Reactions in a Radiation Protection Context, ICRP Publication
118. Ann. ICRP 41(1/2)
ICRU, 2011. Fundamental Quantities and Units for Ionizing Radiation, ICRU Publication 85. J. ICRU 11(1)
© ISO 2015 – All rights reserved 1

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SIST EN ISO 15382:2017
ISO 15382:2015(E)

3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms, definitions and units given in ICRP 103, ICRP 116,
ICRP 118 and ICRU 85 apply.
4 Individual monitoring
4.1 Quantities
Skin and extremity monitoring involves the measurement of H (0,07), the estimator of the equivalent
p
dose to the skin.
Lens of the eye monitoring involves the measurement of H (3), the estimator of the equivalent dose to
p
the lens of the eye. If the radiation field is well known, H (3) can be estimated by the use of dosemeters
p
type tested and calibrated in terms of other quantities, i.e. H (0,07) and H (10), as in many cases they
p p
can provide an adequate estimate of the dose to the lens of the eye (depending on the radiation field).
Technical specifications of dosemeters are provided in Annex A. Guidance on which type of dosemeter
can be used for the lens of the eye (depending on the radiation field) is provided in Annex B.
4.2 Dose limits and monitoring levels
The dose limits for skin, extremities, and lens of the eye for planned exposure situations are given in
national regulations.
ICRP has given more recent recommendations on the dose limits (ICRP 103 and ICRP 118) to avoid
tissue reactions. Requirements equivalent to these recommendations are given by the IAEA in the Basic
[1]
Safety Standards (BSS). These recommendations from ICRP and IAEA constitute the basis for the
recommendations in this International Standard.
The ICRP recommended dose limits are the following:
a) an equivalent dose limit to the extremities (hands and feet) or the skin of 500 mSv in a year. The
2
equivalent dose limits for the skin apply to the average dose over 1 cm of the most highly irradiated
area of the skin. In practice, an estimate of equivalent dose to the skin is a conservative estimate of
equivalent dose to the extremities;
b) an equivalent dose limit to the lens of the eye of 20 mSv per year averaged over 5 consecutive years
(100 mSv in 5 years) and of 50 mSv in any single year.
Individual monitoring is required to verify compliance with dose limits as they are described in the
national legislation. Extremity, skin, and lens of the eye monitoring should be undertaken for workers
who have a reasonable probability of receiving per year an equivalent dose higher than 3/10th of one of
the above mentioned yearly limits. National regulations can require monitoring from different values,
in that case they replace the following values.
The following monitoring levels are recommended:
a) for the extremities or the skin, this means monitoring should be undertaken if there is a reasonable
probability to receive a dose greater than 150 mSv per year;
b) for the lens of the eye, monitoring should be undertaken if there is a reasonable probability to receive
a dose in a single year greater than 15 mSv or in consecutive years greater than 6 mSv per year.
For dose levels expected to be lower than the recommended monitoring levels given above, a survey
demonstrating that the levels are not exceeded, should be sufficient.
The expected annual dose can be estimated via one or more of the methods given in Clause 5.
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ISO 15382:2015(E)

4.3 Monitoring period
The choice of the length of the monitoring period is related to the levels of the expected doses and to the
relevant dose limit.
For doses above the monitoring level, a monitoring period of one month is recommended. For workers
whose doses are likely to stay below the monitoring level, providing monitoring can be considered. The
monitoring period in the latter case can be longer, e.g. three months. Shorter monitoring periods can be
chosen (weekly monitoring or even monitoring per procedure), when setting up new procedures, when
optimizing working conditions or when there is a risk of potential high exposure.
Regulatory bodies and/or expert committees also can provide appropriate recommendations for
monitoring periods.
4.4 Extremity, skin and lens of the eye monitoring
The dose to the extremities, skin, and the lens of the eye needs to be monitored in situations with
non-homogeneous exposure conditions for which the whole-body monitoring does not provide an
adequate estimate of the dose to the skin, the dose to the extremities, or the dose to the lens of the eye.
Exposures can be significant when weakly penetrating radiation such as low energy photons or beta
radiation is present.
Hand or finger monitoring shall be considered for workplaces where extremities are particularly close
to the radiation emitter or radiation beam, such as situations where radioactive sources are handled
in, for example, research, nuclear medicine, and dismantling applications. Other important examples
where extremity monitoring can be necessary are interventional radiology and nuclear medicine
workplaces. Skin monitoring shall be considered for workplaces where skin is close to the radiation
emitter or the beam. Also when there is a risk for skin contamination, monitoring should be considered.
Examples of such situations are handling of contaminated components or unsealed radioactive sources.
Monitoring of the lens of the eye shall be specifically considered for workplaces where the eyes are
particularly close to the radiation emitter (which can also be a source of scattered radiation) or the
radiation beam (for example in interventional radiology) while the rest of the body can be protected
by, e.g. a lead apron. Workers exposed in high energy beta fields can receive significant doses to the
lens of the eye.
4.5 Uncertainties
An essential aspect of quality assurance in individual monitoring is assessing the quality of the
measurement results. In the evaluation of the uncertainty, all knowledge of the dosemeter and
evaluating system should be used, possibly in combination with information from the client/customer
such as local exposure and storage conditions. The amount of effort put into the uncertainty should be
realistic in view of its purpose in radiation protection.
[2]
ICRU makes recommendations on the acceptable levels for total uncertainty in Report 47 which
[3]
are broadly consistent with the ICRP recommendation (ICRP 75). ICRU recommends for single
measurements of the operational quantities that “.in most cases, an overall uncertainty of one
standard deviation of 30 % should be acceptable.”
The expanded uncertainty (95 % coverage probability) for values of assessed annual dose values at
or near the dose limit should not exceed 0,67 to 1,5 (factor 1,5) after all corrections have been made
[3]
(ICRP 75). This applies to values of effective dose, equivalent dose to a small area of skin, equivalent
dose to lens of the eye or extremities, summed for all radiation types of the radiation field.
It shall be recognized that different requirements on accuracy may be needed for an estimate of
the equi
...