SIST EN ISO 2719:2016

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 2719:2016
01-oktober-2016
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 2719:2003
'RORþHYDQMHSODPHQLãþD0HWRGD]]DSUWRSRVRGRSR3HQVN\0DUWHQVX,62

Determination of flash point - Pensky-Martens closed cup method (ISO 2719:2016)
Bestimmung des Flammpunktes - Verfahren nach Pensky-Martens mit geschlossenem
Tiegeln (ISO 2719:2016)
Détermination du point d'éclair - Méthode Pensky-Martens en vase clos (ISO 2719:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 2719:2016
ICS:
75.080 Naftni proizvodi na splošno Petroleum products in
general
SIST EN ISO 2719:2016 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 2719:2016

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SIST EN ISO 2719:2016


EN ISO 2719
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

July 2016
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 75.080; 75.100 Supersedes EN ISO 2719:2002
English Version

Determination of flash point - Pensky-Martens closed cup
method (ISO 2719:2016)
Détermination du point d'éclair - Méthode Pensky- Bestimmung des Flammpunktes - Verfahren nach
Martens en vase clos (ISO 2719:2016) Pensky-Martens mit geschlossenem Tiegeln (ISO
2719:2016)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 July 2016.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 2719:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 2719:2016
EN ISO 2719:2016 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
2

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SIST EN ISO 2719:2016
EN ISO 2719:2016 (E)
European foreword
This document (EN ISO 2719:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28 "Petroleum
products and lubricants" in collaboration Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and liquid fuels,
lubricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin” the secretariat of which is
held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2017, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by January 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 2719:2002.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands,
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 2719:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 2719:2016 without any modification.
3

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SIST EN ISO 2719:2016

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SIST EN ISO 2719:2016
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 2719
Fourth edition
2016-06-15
Determination of flash point —
Pensky-Martens closed cup method
Détermination du point d’éclair — Méthode Pensky-Martens en
vase clos
Reference number
ISO 2719:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016

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SIST EN ISO 2719:2016
ISO 2719:2016(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
Ch. de Blandonnet 8 • CP 401
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 2719:2016
ISO 2719:2016(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 2
4 Principle . 2
5 Chemicals and materials . 2
6 Apparatus . 2
7 Apparatus preparation . 3
7.1 General . 3
7.2 Location of the apparatus . 3
7.3 Cleaning the test cup . 3
7.4 Apparatus assembly . 3
7.5 Apparatus verification . 3
8 Sampling . 4
9 Sample handling . 4
9.1 Petroleum products . 4
9.1.1 Sub-sampling . 4
9.1.2 Samples containing undissolved water . 4
9.1.3 Samples that are liquid at ambient temperature . 4
9.1.4 Samples that are very viscous, semi-solid or solid at ambient temperature . 4
9.2 Paints and varnishes . 5
10 Procedure. 5
10.1 General . 5
10.2 Procedure A . 5
10.3 Procedure B . 6
10.4 Procedure C . 7
11 Calculation . 8
11.1 Conversion of barometric pressure reading . 8
11.2 Correction of observed flash point to standard atmospheric pressure . 8
12 Expression of results . 8
13 Precision . 8
13.1 General . 8
13.2 Repeatability, r .8
13.3 Reproducibility, R .9
14 Test report .10
Annex A (informative) Apparatus verification .11
Annex B (normative) Pensky-Martens closed cup test apparatus .14
Annex C (normative) Temperature measuring device specification .20
Bibliography .22
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved iii

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SIST EN ISO 2719:2016
ISO 2719:2016(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment,
as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the
Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products and related products of
synthetic or biological origin, in conjunction with ISO/TC 35, Paints and varnishes.
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition (ISO 2719:2002), which has been technically
revised.
The main technical updates include:
a) introduction of procedure C for FAME products;
b) revision of temperature measuring device requirements, allowing alternatives for Hg-containing
thermometers;
c) removal of the original Annex D on the adaptor for the low-range thermometer, it being optional
when a permanent ferrule is attached to the thermometer;
d) revision of procedures regarding sampling and sample handling;
e) inclusion, for automated apparatus, manufactured after 1 January 2017, of a device to automatically
dispense an inert gas or vapour over the test cup in the event of a test cup fire.
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SIST EN ISO 2719:2016
ISO 2719:2016(E)

Introduction
Flash point values are used in shipping, storage, handling, and safety regulations, as a classification
property to define “flammable” and “combustible” materials. Precise definition of the classes is given in
each particular regulation.
A flash point value can indicate the presence of highly volatile material(s) in a relatively non-volatile or
non-flammable material and flash point testing can be a preliminary step to other investigations into
the composition of unknown materials.
It is not appropriate for flash point determinations to be carried out on potentially unstable,
decomposable, or explosive materials, unless it has been previously established that heating the
specified quantity of such materials in contact with the metallic components of the flash point
apparatus, within the temperature range required for the method, does not induce decomposition,
explosion or other adverse effects.
Flash point values are not a constant physical-chemical property of materials tested. They are a
function of the apparatus design, the condition of the apparatus used, and the operational procedure
carried out. Flash point can therefore be defined only in terms of a standard test method, and no general
valid correlation can be guaranteed between results obtained by different test methods or with test
apparatus different from that specified.
[6] [12]
ISO/TR 29662 (CEN/TR 15138 ) gives useful advice in carrying out flash point tests and
interpreting their results.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved v

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SIST EN ISO 2719:2016

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SIST EN ISO 2719:2016
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 2719:2016(E)
Determination of flash point — Pensky-Martens closed
cup method
WARNING — The use of this International Standard can involve hazardous materials, operations
and equipment. This International Standard does not purport to address all of the safety
problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of users of this International Standard
to take appropriate measures to ensure the safety and health of personnel prior to application of
this International Standard, and fulfil statutory and regulatory requirements for this purpose.
1 Scope
This International Standard describes three procedures, A, B and C, using the Pensky-Martens closed
cup tester, for determining the flash point of combustible liquids, liquids with suspended solids, liquids
that tend to form a surface film under the test conditions, biodiesel and other liquids in the temperature
range of 40 °C to 370 °C.
CAUTION — For certain mixtures no flash point, as defined, is observed; instead a significant
enlargement of the test flame (not halo effect) and a change in colour of the test flame from blue
to yellowish-orange can occur. Continued heating can result in significant burning of vapours
outside the test cup, and can be a potential fire hazard.
NOTE 1 Although, technically, kerosene with a flash point above 40 °C can be tested using this International
[5]
Standard, it is standard practice to test kerosene according to ISO 13736. Similarly, lubricating oils are
[2]
normally tested according to ISO 2592 .
Procedure A is applicable to distillate fuels (diesel, biodiesel blends, heating oil and turbine fuels), new
and in-use lubricating oils, paints and varnishes, and other homogeneous liquids not included in the
scope of Procedures B or C.
Procedure B is applicable to residual fuel oils, cutback residua, used lubricating oils, mixtures of liquids
with solids, liquids that tend to form a surface film under test conditions or are of such kinematic
viscosity that they are not uniformly heated under the stirring and heating conditions of Procedure A.
Procedure C is applicable to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) as specified in specifications such as
[11] [13]
EN 14214 or ASTM D6751 .
This International Standard is not applicable to water-borne paints and varnishes.
[3]
NOTE 2 Water-borne paints and varnishes can be tested using ISO 3679 . Liquids containing traces of highly
[1]
volatile materials can be tested using ISO 1523 or ISO 3679.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 1513, Paints and varnishes — Examination and preparation of test samples
ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids — Manual sampling
ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids — Automatic pipeline sampling
ISO 15528, Paints, varnishes and raw materials for paints and varnishes — Sampling
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved 1

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SIST EN ISO 2719:2016
ISO 2719:2016(E)

3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
flash point
lowest temperature of the test portion, corrected to a standard barometric pressure of 101,3 kPa, at
which application of an ignition source causes the vapour of the test portion to ignite and the flame to
propagate across the surface of the liquid under the specified conditions of test
4 Principle
The test portion is placed into the test cup of a Pensky-Martens apparatus and heated to give a constant
temperature increase with continuous stirring. An ignition source is directed through an opening in
the test cup lid at regular temperature intervals with simultaneous interruption of stirring. The lowest
temperature at which the application of the ignition source causes the vapour of the test portion to
ignite and a flame propagate over the surface of the liquid is recorded as the flash point at the absolute
barometric pressure. This temperature is corrected to standard atmospheric pressure using a specified
formula.
5 Chemicals and materials
5.1 Cleaning solvent, for removal of traces of sample from the test cup and cover.
The choice of solvent will depend upon the previous material tested and the tenacity of the residue. Low
volatility aromatic (benzene free) solvents may be used to remove traces of oil, and mixed solvents such
as toluene-acetone-methanol can be efficacious for the removal of gum-type deposits.
5.2 Liquids for verification, see Annex A.
6 Apparatus
6.1 Flash point apparatus, as described in Annex B.
If automated equipment is used, ensure that the test cup and cover assembly conform to the key
dimensions specified in Annex B and the procedure described in Clause 10 is followed. The user shall
ensure that all of the manufacturer’s instructions for adjusting and operating the instrument are
followed.
NOTE Under certain circumstances, the use of electric ignition sources can give different results to those
obtained when using a flame ignition source.
In cases of dispute, unless explicitly agreed otherwise, the flash point as determined using a flame
ignition source shall be considered the referee test.
6.2 Temperature measuring devices, meeting the requirements for accuracy and have the response
as specified in Annex C.
6.3 Barometer, absolute pressure reading, accuracy of ±0,5 kPa, and with a resolution of 0,1 kPa.
Barometers pre-corrected to give sea level readings, such as those used at weather stations and
airports, shall not be used.
NOTE Some automated apparatus include an integral barometer that automatically measures and records
the absolute barometric pressure and makes the required corrections to the detected flash point.
2 © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 2719:2016
ISO 2719:2016(E)

6.4 Heating bath or oven, capable of controlling the temperature to ±5 °C, for warming the sample if
required.
The oven shall be ventilated and constructed in such a way that it will not cause ignition of any
flammable vapours that can be produced when the sample is heated.
It is recommended that the oven is an explosion-protected type.
7 Apparatus preparation
7.1 General
Follow the manufacturer’s instructions for the correct setup, calibration, verification (7.5) and
operation of the apparatus including the integral barometer (if fitted) and temperature measuring
device (see Annex C), especially the operation and setting of the ignition source.
7.2 Location of the apparatus
Support the flash point apparatus (6.1) on a level and steady surface in a draught-free position.
NOTE When draughts cannot be avoided, it is good practice to surround the apparatus with a shield.
The flash point apparatus may be located in a fume hood with individual air flow control, adjusted so
that vapours can be withdrawn without causing air currents around the test cup during the test.
7.3 Cleaning the test cup
Wash the test cup, cover and its accessories with an appropriate cleaning solvent (5.1) to remove any
traces of gum or residue remaining from a previous test. Dry using a stream of clean air to ensure
complete removal of the solvent used.
7.4 Apparatus assembly
Examine the test cup, the cover and other parts to ensure that they are free from signs of damage and
deposits. Assemble the apparatus in accordance with Annex B.
7.5 Apparatus verification
7.5.1 Verify the correct functioning of the apparatus at least once a year by testing a certified reference
material (CRM) (5.2). The result obtained shall be equal to or less than R/ 2 from the certified value of
the CRM, where R is the reproducibility of the method as shown in Table 4.
Use the reproducibility for Procedure A (Table 4) to calculate the verification tolerance for verification
materials certified for Procedures A, B or C.
It is recommended that more frequent verification checks are made using secondary working standards
(SWSs) (5.2).
A recommended procedure for apparatus verification using CRMs and SWSs, and the production of
SWSs, is described in Annex A.
7.5.2 The numerical values obtained during the verification check shall not be used to provide a bias
statement, nor shall they be used to make any correction to the flash points subsequently determined
using the apparatus.
© ISO 2016 – All rights reserved 3

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SIST EN ISO 2719:2016
ISO 2719:2016(E)

8 Sampling
8.1 Unless otherwise specified, obtain representative samples for analysis in accordance with the
procedures given in ISO 3170, ISO 3171, ISO 15528 or an equivalent National Standard.
8.2 When obtaining a sample of residual fuel oil, the sample container shall be from 85 % to 95 % full.
For FAME samples, a typical one litre container filled to 85 % volume is recommended. For other types
of samples, the size of the container shall be chosen such that the container is not more than 85 % full or
less than 50 % full prior to any sample aliquot being taken.
8.3 Erroneously high flash points can be obtained if precautions are not taken to avoid the loss of
volatile material. Do not open containers unnecessarily, to prevent loss of volatile material or possible
introduction of moisture. Avoid storage of samples at temperatures in excess of 30 °C. For samples for
storage, ensure that the sample container is tightly closed and leak free. Do not make a transfer unless
the sample temperature is at least the equivalent of 18 °C below the expected flash point.
8.4 Do not store samples in gas-permeable containers, since volatile material may diffuse through the
walls of the enclosure. Samples in leaky containers are suspect and not a source of valid results.
9 Sample handling
9.1 Petroleum products
9.1.1 Sub-sampling
9.1.1.1 Sub-sample at a temperature at least 18 °C below the expected flash point.
9.1.1.2 Successive test portions may be taken from the same sample container. Repeat tests have been
shown to be within the precision of the method when the second test portion is taken with the sample
container at least 50 % filled.
IMPORTANT — Results of flash point determinations can be affected if the sample volume falls
below 50 % of the container capacity.
9.1.2 Samples containing undissolved water
9.1.2.1 Flash point results can be affected by the presence of water. If a sample contains undissolved
water, decant a water-free aliquot prior to mixing.
9.1.2.2 For certain fuel oils and lubricants, it is not always possible to decant the sample from the
free water. In such cases, separate the water from the aliquot physically, prior to mixing, or, if this is not
[3]
possible, test the material in accordance with ISO 3679 .
9.1.3 Samples that are liquid at ambient temperature
Mix samples by gentle manual shaking prior to removal of the test portion, taking care to minimize the
loss of volatile components and proceed in accordance with Clause 10.
9.1.4 Samples that are very viscous, semi-solid or solid at ambient temperature
Samples
...