SIST EN 13684:2018
(Main)Garden equipment - Pedestrian controlled lawn aerators and scarifiers - Safety
Garden equipment - Pedestrian controlled lawn aerators and scarifiers - Safety
This European Standard specifies safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of pedestrian controlled integrally powered lawn aerators and scarifiers which are designed for re-generating lawns by, for instance, combing out grass, thatch and moss or cutting vertically into the lawn face using tines which rotate about a horizontal axis. It describes methods of elimination or reduction of hazards arising from their use. In addition, it specifies the type of information to be provided by the manufacturer on safe working practices.
Throughout this document, the term “machine” applies to those machines known as aerators, scarifiers, corers, lawn rakes or grass rakes.
It does not apply to:
— aerators/scarifiers made from a machine falling within the scope of EN 709:1997+A4:2009 when fitted with an aerating/scarifying implement;
— non-powered aerators;
— vertical axis aerators; or
— those aerators which cut into the soil by means of a reciprocating motion or by water pressure.
The electrical aspects of mains operated machines are covered by EN 60335-1. The safety aspects of batteries other than batteries for starting the engine and the electrical safety aspects of battery powered lawn aerators and scarifiers are not covered by this document.
It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to scarifiers and aerators, when they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4). Environmental hazards and EMC have not been considered in this document.
This document is not applicable to aerators/scarifiers which are manufactured before the date of its publication.
Gartengeräte - Handgeführte Rasen-Bodenbelüfter und Vertikutierer - Sicherheit
Diese Europäische Norm legt sicherheitstechnische Anforderungen und Prüfungen für die Gestaltung und Konstruktion von handgeführten motorgetriebenen Vertikutierern und Rasen-Bodenbelüftern fest, die zur Regenierung von Rasen, z. B. Auskämmen von Gras, Stroh und Moos, oder vertikales Einschneiden der Rasenfläche mit Hilfe von sich um eine horizontale Achse drehenden Arbeitswerkzeug verwendet werden. Sie legt Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung der sich aus dem Gebrauch ergebenden Gefährdungen fest. Außerdem gibt sie Informationen über sicheres Arbeiten, die vom Hersteller zur Verfügung zu stellen sind.
In diesem Dokument bezieht sich der Begriff „Maschine“ auf alle Maschinen, die als Vertikutierer, Bodenbelüfter, Boden(aus)stecher, Rasen- oder Grasrechen bekannt sind.
Es gilt nicht für
- Vertikutierer/Bodenbelüfter, die aus einer in den Anwendungsbereich der EN 709:1997+A4:2009 fallenden Maschine entstanden, wenn sie mit einem Anbau zum Bodenvertikutieren/-belüften ausgestattet sind,
- nicht motorgetriebene Bodenbelüfter,
- Bodenbelüfter mit vertikaler Achse oder
- Bodenbelüfter, die den Boden durch Hin- und Herbewegung oder Wasserdruck schneiden.
Für die elektrischen Aspekte von netz¬betriebenen Maschinen gilt EN 60335-1. Die Sicherheitsaspekte für Batterien, ausgenommen Starterbatterien, und die elektrischen Sicherheitsaspekte von batteriebetriebenen Rasen-Bodenbelüftern und Vertikutierern sind in diesem Dokument nicht behandelt.
Es behandelt alle signifikanten Gefährdungen, Gefährdungssituationen und Gefährdungsereignisse für Bodenbelüfter und Vertikutierer, sofern sie unter den vorgegebenen Zweck und unter den vom Hersteller vorgesehenen Bedingungen eingesetzt werden (siehe Abschnitt 4). Die Gefährdung der Umwelt und EMV werden in diesem Dokument nicht in Betracht gezogen.
Dieses Dokument gilt nicht für Vertikutierer/Bodenbelüfter, die hergestellt wurden, bevor es veröffentlicht wurde.
Matériel de jardinage - Aérateurs et scarificateurs à conducteur à pied - Sécurité
La présente Norme européenne spécifie les prescriptions de sécurité et leurs vérifications pour la conception et la construction des aérateurs de gazon et des scarificateurs à moteur intégré à conducteur à pied conçus pour permettre au gazon d'être régénéré, par exemple par le ratissage de l'herbe, du chaume et de la mousse ou la coupe verticale de la surface du gazon par l'utilisation de dents qui tournent autour d'un axe horizontal. Elle décrit les méthodes pour éliminer ou réduire les phénomènes dangereux inhérents à leur utilisation. En outre, elle spécifie le type d'informations que le fabricant doit donner sur les pratiques d'utilisation sûres.
Dans tout ce document, le terme « machine » s'applique aux machines connues comme étant des aérateurs, des scarificateurs, des extracteurs, des râteaux pour gazon ou herbe.
Elle ne s'applique pas aux :
- aérateurs/scarificateurs fabriqués à partir d’une machine relevant du domaine d'application de l'EN 709:1997+A4:2009 lorsqu'ils sont équipés d'un outil d'aération/scarification ;
- aérateurs sans source de puissance ;
- aérateurs à axe vertical ; ou
- aérateurs à axe vertical ou travaillant le sol au moyen d'un mouvement alternatif ou de la pression de l'eau.
Les aspects électriques des machines raccordées au secteur, sont traités dans l'EN 60335-1. Les aspects de sécurité des batteries autres que les batteries pour le démarrage du moteur et les aspects de sécurité électrique des aérateurs de gazon et des scarificateurs alimentés par batteries ne sont pas couverts par le présent document.
Elle traite tous les phénomènes dangereux, situations et événements dangereux significatifs engendrés par les scarificateurs et les aérateurs lorsqu’ils sont utilisés normalement et dans les conditions prévues par le fabricant (voir Article 4). Les phénomènes dangereux liés à l’environnement et à la CEM ne sont pas couverts par le présent document.
Le présent document ne s’applique pas aux aérateurs/scarificateurs fabriqués avant sa date de publication.
Oprema za nego vrta - Ročno upravljani prezračevalniki travne ruše in rahljalniki zemlje - Varnost
Ta evropski standard določa varnostne zahteve in njihovo preverjanje za načrtovanje ter konstrukcijo ročno upravljanih prezračevalnikov travne ruše in rahljalnikov zemlje, ki so zasnovani za obnavljanje trate, in sicer na primer z izčesavanjem trave, slame in mahu ali navpičnim rezanjem v površino trate z uporabo zobcev, ki se vrtijo okoli vodoravne osi. Opisuje metode za odpravo ali zmanjšanje nevarnosti, ki izhajajo iz njihove uporabe. Poleg tega določa vrsto informacij, ki jih mora predložiti proizvajalec v zvezi z varnimi delovnimi postopki.
V tem dokumentu se izraz »stroj« uporablja za stroje, ki so znani kot prezračevalniki, rahljalniki, korerji, grablje za trato ali grablje za travo.
Ne uporablja se za:
– prezračevalnike/rahljalnike, ki so del stroja, ki spada na področje uporabe standarda EN 709:1997+A4:2009, ko je opremljen s prezračevalnim/rahljalnim orodjem;
– nenapajane prezračevalnike;
– prezračevalnike z navpično osjo ali
– tiste prezračevalnike, ki režejo v zemljo s povratnim gibanjem ali vodnim tlakom.
Električni vidiki strojev, priključenih na električno omrežje, so zajeti v standardu EN 60335-1. Varnostni vidiki baterij, ki niso baterije za zagon motorja, ter vidiki električne varnosti baterijsko napajanih prezračevalnikov travne ruše in rahljalnikov zemlje niso zajeti v tem dokumentu.
Obravnava vsa večja tveganja, nevarne razmere in dogodke v zvezi z rahljalniki in prezračevalniki, kadar se uporabljajo v skladu z njihovim namenom in pod pogoji, ki jih je predvidel proizvajalec (glej točko 4). Okoljske nevarnosti in elektromagnetna združljivost v tem dokumenti niso obravnavane.
Ta dokument se ne uporablja za prezračevalnike/rahljalnike, ki so bili izdelani, preden je bil objavljen.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Gartengeräte - Handgeführte Rasen-Bodenbelüfter und Vertikutierer - SicherheitMatériel de jardinage - Aérateurs et scarificateurs à conducteur à pied - SécuritéGarden equipment - Pedestrian controlled lawn aerators and scarifiers - Safety65.060.70Vrtnarska opremaHorticultural equipmentICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13684:2018SIST EN 13684:2018en,fr,de01-september-2018SIST EN 13684:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13684:2004+A3:20101DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 13684:2018
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 13684
June
t r s z ICS
x wä r x rä y r Supersedes EN
s u x z vã t r r v ªA uã t r r {English Version
Garden equipment æ Pedestrian controlled lawn aerators and scarifiers æ Safety Matériel de jardinage æ Aérateurs et scarificateurs à conducteur à pied æ Sécurité
Gartengeräte æ Handgeführte RasenæBodenbelüfter und Vertikutierer æ Sicherheit This European Standard was approved by CEN on
s w January
t r s zä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels
9
t r s z CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s u x z vã t r s z ESIST EN 13684:2018
EN 13684:2018 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 5 Introduction . 6 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references . 7 3 Terms and definitions . 8 4 List of significant hazards . 12 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 16 5.1 General . 16 5.2 Power driven components and the tines . 16 5.3 Guard attachment . 16 5.4 Hot exhaust surfaces . 16 5.4.1 General . 16 5.4.2 Test equipment and method of test . 17 5.4.3 Test acceptance . 18 5.5 Protection from exhaust fumes . 18 5.6 Pressurized components . 18 5.7 Liquid spillage . 18 5.8 Controls . 18 5.8.1 General . 18 5.8.2 Identification of controls . 19 5.8.3 Operator presence control . 19 5.8.4 Traction drive . 19 5.9 Electrical requirements . 19 5.9.1 General . 19 5.9.2 Low voltage battery circuits (not including magneto grounding circuits) . 20 5.9.3 Terminals and uninsulated electrical parts . 20 5.9.4 Electromagnetic immunity . 20 5.10 Stopping and starting . 20 5.10.1 Engine . 20 5.10.2 Tines in transport position . 21 5.11 Braking requirements . 21 5.11.1 General . 21 5.11.2 Service brake . 22 5.11.3 Parking brake . 22 5.12 Handles . 22 5.12.1 Construction . 22 5.12.2 Foot probe test . 23 5.13 Thrown object hazard . 25 5.13.1 General . 25 5.13.2 Thrown object test . 25 5.13.3 Test results . 27 5.13.4 Test acceptance (pass/fail criteria) . 27 5.13.5 Additional testing . 27 5.14 Strength of tines and tine mountings . 27 5.14.1 General . 27 SIST EN 13684:2018
EN 13684:2018 (E) 3 5.14.2 Test acceptance . 29 5.15 General construction — Guarding and shielding . 29 5.16 Noise . 33 5.16.1 Noise reduction as a safety requirement . 33 5.16.2 Verification of requirements on noise — Noise measurement . 33 5.17 Vibration . 33 5.17.1 Reduction by design and protective measures . 33 5.17.2 Reduction by information. 34 5.17.3 Vibration measurement . 34 5.18 Stability requirements and test method . 34 5.18.1 General . 34 5.18.2 Stability test procedure . 34 5.18.3 Test acceptance . 35 6 Information for use . 35 6.1 Instruction for use . 35 6.2 Technical information . 38 6.3 Marking . 38 6.3.1 Minimum marking . 38 6.3.2 Warnings . 39 6.3.3 Marking durability . 39 6.3.4 Test . 39 Annex A (normative)
Safety signs and symbols . 40 A.1 General . 40 A.2 Safety signs and symbols . 41 Annex B (informative)
Safety instructions . 43 B.1 General . 43 B.2 Safe operation practices . 43 B.2.1 Training . 43 B.2.2 Preparation . 43 B.2.3 Operation . 44 B.2.4 Maintenance and storage . 45 Annex C (normative)
Noise test code — Engineering method (grade 2) . 46 C.1 Scope . 46 C.2 A-weighted sound power level determination . 46 C.3 A-weighted emission sound pressure level measurement . 48 C.4 Requirements for test floor. 49 C.4.1 Artificial surface . 49 C.4.2 Natural grass . 49 C.5 Installation, mounting and operating conditions . 49 C.6 Measurement uncertainty . 50 C.7 Information to be recorded and reported . 50 C.8 Declaration and verification of noise emission values . 51 SIST EN 13684:2018
EN 13684:2018 (E) 4 Annex D (informative)
Example of a material and construction fulfilling the requirements for an artificial surface . 52 D.1 Material . 52 D.2 Construction . 52 Annex E (normative)
Vibration . 54 E.1 Quantities to be measured . 54 E.2 Instrumentation . 54 E.2.1 General . 54 E.2.2 Fastening of transducer . 54 E.2.3 Calibration . 54 E.3 Measurement direction and measurement location . 54 E.3.1 Measurement direction . 54 E.3.2 Measurement location . 54 E.4 Test procedure . 54 E.5 Measurement procedure . 55 E.6 Determination of the measurement result . 55 Annex F (normative)
Tines stopping time . 58 F.1 General . 58 F.2 Measurement of tines stopping time . 58 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC aimed to be covered . 60 Bibliography . 61
SIST EN 13684:2018
EN 13684:2018 (E) 5 European foreword This document (EN 13684:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 144 “Tractors and machinery for agriculture and forestry”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2018 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13684:2004+A3:2019. In comparison with the previous edition, the following modifications have been made: — Addition of requirements for: — electromagnetic immunity; — engine starting; — guarding of power driven components; — machine stability, with a test method. — Modification of the: — contents of the instructions; — machine markings and warnings with new safety signs; — noise test method; — vibration test method. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 13684:2018
EN 13684:2018 (E) 6 Introduction This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010. This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market players with regard to machinery safety: — machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises); — health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.). Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the above-mentioned stakeholder groups: — machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises); — machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs); — service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises); — consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers). The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting process of this document. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type -B standards, the provisions of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C standard. SIST EN 13684:2018
EN 13684:2018 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard specifies safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction. It is applicable to pedestrian controlled internal combustion engine powered lawn aerators and scarifiers which are designed for re-generating lawns by, for instance, combing out grass, thatch and moss or cutting vertically into the lawn face using tines which rotate about a horizontal axis.
This document deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events relevant to pedestrian controlled internal combustion engine powered lawn aerators and scarifiers, when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable by the manufacturer. It describes methods of elimination or reduction of hazards arising from their use. In addition, it specifies the type of information to be provided by the manufacturer on safe working practices. Throughout this document, the term “machine” applies to those machines known as aerators, scarifiers, corers, lawn rakes or grass rakes. It does not apply to: — aerators/scarifiers made from a machine falling within the scope of EN 709:1997+A4:2009 when fitted with an aerating/scarifying implement; — non-powered aerators; — vertical axis aerators; or — those aerators which cut into the soil by means of a reciprocating motion or by water pressure. Environmental hazards have not been considered in this document. This document is not applicable to aerators/scarifiers which are manufactured before the date of its publication. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 354:2003, Acoustics - Measurement of sound absorption in a reverberation room (ISO 354:2003) EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics - Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure - Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane (ISO 3744:2010) EN ISO 4413, Hydraulic fluid power - General rules and safety requirements for systems and their components (ISO 4413) EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics - Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996) EN ISO 7010, Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs - Registered safety signs (ISO 7010) EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics - Noise emitted by machinery and equipment - Determination of emission sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010) SIST EN 13684:2018
EN 13684:2018 (E) 8 EN ISO 11688-1:2009, Acoustics - Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment - Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995) EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery - General principles for design - Risk assessment and risk reduction (ISO 12100:2010) EN ISO 13849-1:2015, Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 1: General principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2015) EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery - Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008) EN ISO 14982:2009, Agricultural and forestry machinery - Electromagnetic compatibility - Test methods and acceptance criteria (ISO 14982:1998) EN ISO 20643:2008, Mechanical vibration - Hand-held and hand-guided machinery - Principles for evaluation of vibration emission (ISO 20643:2005) ISO 3767-1, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment - Symbols for operator controls and other displays - Part 1: Common symbols ISO 3767-3, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment - Symbols for operator controls and other displays - Part 3: Symbols for powered lawn and garden equipment ISO 3767-4, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment - Symbols for operator controls and other displays - Part 4: Symbols for forestry machinery ISO 3864-1, Graphical symbols - Safety colours and safety signs - Part 1: Design principles for safety signs and safety markings ISO 7000, Graphical symbols for use on equipment - Registered symbols ISO 11684:1995, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment - Safety signs and hazard pictorials - General principles 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the following apply. 3.1 braking system combination of one or more brakes and the related means of operation and control 3.2 catcher part or combination of parts which provides a means for collecting grass, thatch, moss or other debris 3.3 control means or device which will control the operation of the machine or any specific operating function thereof SIST EN 13684:2018
EN 13684:2018 (E) 9 3.4 working position depth setting of the tines designated by the manufacturer 3.5 discharge chute extension of the tine enclosure from the discharge opening, generally used to control the discharge of material from the tines 3.6 discharge opening gap or opening in the tine enclosure through which grass, thatch, moss and other debris may be discharged 3.7 front discharge action of throwing out grass, thatch and moss so that they will be collected in a catcher which is located in front of the tines 3.8 handle part likely to be hand-held for guiding the machine in normal use 3.9 lawn aerator corer machine which uses the ground to determine the depth of cut, designed for penetrating the lawn surface 3.10 scarifier lawn rake machine designed to scratch the surface, or earth face thereby also combing the lawn 3.11 maximum operating engine speed highest engine speed obtainable when adjusted in accordance with the machine manufacturer's specifications and/or instructions with the tines engaged 3.12 normal operation use of the machine which is specified by the manufacturer and which is consistent with such activities as combing thatch, starting, stopping, fuelling, connecting to (or disconnecting from) a power source 3.13 normal use normal operation, plus routine maintenance, servicing, cleaning, transporting, attaching or removing accessories, and making adjustments as determined by the manufacturer's instructions 3.14 operator control control requiring operator actuation to perform specific functions SIST EN 13684:2018
EN 13684:2018 (E) 10 3.15 operator presence control OPC control designed so that it will automatically interrupt power to a drive when the operator's actuating force is removed 3.16 operator zone zone for persons operating a machine as presented in Figure 1 SIST EN 13684:2018
EN 13684:2018 (E) 1
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 13684:2015
01-julij-2015
2SUHPD]DQHJRYUWD5RþQRXSUDYOMDQLSUH]UDþHYDOQLNLWUDYQHUXãHLQUDKOMDOQLNL
]HPOMH9DUQRVW
Garden equipment - Pedestrian controlled lawn aerators and scarifiers - Safety
Gartengeräte - Handgeführte Rasen-Bodenbelüfter und Vertikutierer - Sicherheit
Matériel de jardinage - Aérateurs et scarificateurs à conducteur à pied - Sécurité
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 13684
ICS:
65.060.70 Vrtnarska oprema Horticultural equipment
oSIST prEN 13684:2015 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13684:2015
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13684:2015
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 13684
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
April 2015
ICS 65.060.70 Will supersede EN 13684:2004+A3:2009
English Version
Garden equipment - Pedestrian controlled lawn aerators and
scarifiers - Safety
Matériel de jardinage - Aérateurs et scarificateurs à Gartengeräte - Handgeführte Rasen-Bodenbelüfter und
conducteur à pied - Sécurité Vertikutierer - Sicherheit
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 144.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 13684:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13684:2015
prEN 13684:2015 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .7
4 List of significant hazards .9
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures . 12
5.1 General . 12
5.2 Power driven components and the tines . 12
5.3 Guard attachment . 12
5.4 Hot exhaust surfaces . 12
5.5 Protection from exhaust fumes . 13
5.6 Pressurized components . 13
5.7 Liquid spillage . 13
5.8 Controls . 14
5.9 Electrical requirements . 15
5.10 Stopping and starting . 16
5.11 Braking requirements . 16
5.12 Handles . 17
5.13 Thrown object hazard . 18
5.14 Strength of tines and tine mountings . 19
5.15 General construction — Guarding and shielding . 19
5.16 Noise . 21
5.17 Vibration . 21
6 Information for use . 22
6.1 Instruction for use . 22
6.2 Marking . 23
Annex A (normative) Safety signs and symbols . 32
A.1 General . 32
A.2 Safety signs and symbols . 32
Annex B (informative) Safety instructions . 34
B.1 General . 34
B.2 Safe operation practices . 34
Annex C (normative) Noise test code — Engineering method (grade 2) . 37
C.1 Scope . 37
C.2 A-weighted sound power level determination . 37
C.3 A-weighted emission sound pressure level measurement . 39
C.4 Requirements for test floor . 39
C.5 Installation, mounting and operating conditions . 40
C.6 Measurement uncertainty . 41
C.7 Information to be recorded and reported . 41
2
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13684:2015
prEN 13684:2015 (E)
C.8 Declaration and verification of noise emission values . 41
Annex D (informative) Example of a material and construction fulfilling the requirements for an
artificial surface . 42
D.1 Material . 42
D.2 Construction . 42
Annex E (normative) Vibration . 44
E.1 Quantities to be measured . 44
E.2 Instrumentation . 44
E.3 Measurement direction and measurement location . 44
E.4 Test procedure . 45
E.5 Measurement procedure . 46
E.6 Determination of the measurement result of hand-arm . 46
Annex F (normative) Tines stopping time . 49
F.1 General . 49
F.2 Measurement of tines stopping time . 49
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC . 51
Bibliography . 52
3
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13684:2015
prEN 13684:2015 (E)
Foreword
This document (prEN 13684:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC “Tractors and
machinery for agriculture and forestry”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
This document will supersede EN 13684:2004+A3:2009.
4
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13684:2015
prEN 13684:2015 (E)
Introduction
This document is a type-C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2010.
This document is of relevance, in particular, for the following stakeholder groups representing the market
players with regard to machinery safety:
— machine manufacturers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— health and safety bodies (regulators, accident prevention organizations, market surveillance, etc.).
Others can be affected by the level of machinery safety achieved with the means of the document by the
above-mentioned stakeholder groups:
— machine users/employers (small, medium and large enterprises);
— machine users/employees (e.g. trade unions, organizations for people with special needs);
— service providers, e.g. for maintenance (small, medium and large enterprises);
— consumers (in case of machinery intended for use by consumers).
The above-mentioned stakeholder groups have been given the possibility to participate at the drafting process
of this document. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations or
hazardous events are covered are indicated in the scope of this document.
When provisions of this type C standard are different from those which are stated in type-A or type -B
standards, the provisions of this type-C standard take precedence over the requirements of the other
standards, for machines that have been designed and built according to the requirements of this type-C
standard.
5
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13684:2015
prEN 13684:2015 (E)
1 Scope
This European Standard specifies safety requirements and their verification for the design and construction of
pedestrian controlled integrally powered lawn aerators and scarifiers which are designed for re-generating
lawns by, for instance, combing out grass, thatch and moss or cutting vertically into the lawn face using tines
which rotate about a horizontal axis. It describes methods of elimination or reduction of hazards arising from
their use. In addition, it specifies the type of information to be provided by the manufacturer on safe working
practices.
Throughout this document, the term “machine” applies to those machines known as aerators, scarifiers,
corers, lawn rakes or grass rakes.
It does not apply to:
— aerators/scarifiers made from a machine falling within the scope of EN 709:1997+A4:2009 when fitted
with an aerating/scarifying implement;
— non-powered aerators;
— vertical axis aerators; or
— those aerators which cut into the soil by means of a reciprocating motion or by water pressure.
The electrical aspects of mains operated machines are covered by EN 60335-1. The safety aspects of
batteries other than batteries for starting the engine and the electrical safety aspects of battery powered lawn
aerators and scarifiers are not covered by this document.
It deals with all significant hazards, hazardous situations and events relevant to scarifiers and aerators, when
they are used as intended and under the conditions foreseen by the manufacturer (see Clause 4).
Environmental hazards and EMC have not been considered in this document.
This document is not applicable to aerators/scarifiers which are manufactured before the date of its
publication.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 60335-1, Household and similar electrical appliances — Safety — Part 1: General requirements
(IEC 60335-1, modified)
EN ISO 354:2003, Acoustics — Measurement of sound absorption in a reverberation room (ISO 354:2003)
EN ISO 3744:2010, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels and sound energy levels of noise
sources using sound pressure — Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane
(ISO 3744:2010)
EN ISO 4413:2010, Hydraulic fluid power — General rules and safety requirements for systems and their
components (ISO 4413:2010)
EN ISO 4871:2009, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and
equipment (ISO 4871:1996)
6
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13684:2015
prEN 13684:2015 (E)
EN ISO 11201:2010, Acoustics — Noise emitted by machinery and equipment — Determination of emission
sound pressure levels at a work station and at other specified positions in an essentially free field over a
reflecting plane with negligible environmental corrections (ISO 11201:2010)
EN ISO 12100:2010, Safety of machinery — General principles for design — Risk assessment and risk
reduction (ISO 12100:2010)
EN ISO 13849-1:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General
principles for design (ISO 13849-1:2006)
EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery — Safety distance to prevent hazard zones being reached by
upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008)
EN ISO 20643:2008, Mechanical vibration — Hand-held and hand guided machinery — Principles for
evaluation of vibration emission (ISO 20643:2005)
ISO 3767-1:1998, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment —
Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 1: Common symbols
ISO 3767-3:1995, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment —
Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 3: Symbols for powered lawn and garden equipment
ISO 3767-4:1993, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment —
Symbols for operator controls and other displays — Part 4: Symbols for forestry machinery
ISO 3864-1:2011, Graphical symbols — Safety colours and safety signs — Part 1: Design principles for safety
signs and safety markings
ISO 11684:1995, Tractors, machinery for agriculture and forestry, powered lawn and garden equipment —
Safety signs and hazard pictorials — General principles
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100:2010 and the following
apply.
3.1
braking system
combination of one or more brakes and the related means of operation and control
3.2
catcher
part or combination of parts which provides a means for collecting grass, thatch, moss or other debris
3.3
control
means or device which will control the operation of the machine or any specific operating function thereof
3.4
working position
any depth setting of the tines designated by the manufacturer
3.5
discharge chute
extension of the tine enclosure from the discharge opening, generally used to control the discharge of material
from the tines
7
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13684:2015
prEN 13684:2015 (E)
3.6
discharge opening
gap or opening in the tine enclosure through which grass, thatch, moss and other debris may be discharged
3.7
front discharge
denotes throwing out grass, thatch and moss so that they will be collected in a catcher which is located in front
of the tines
3.8
handle
all parts likely to be hand-held for guiding the machine in normal use
3.9
lawn aerator (also known as corer)
machine which uses the ground to determine the depth of cut, designed for penetrating the lawn surface
3.10
lawn scarifier (also known as lawn rake)
machine designed to scratch the surface, or earth face thereby also combing the lawn
3.11
maximum operating engine speed
highest engine speed obtainable when adjusted in accordance with the machine manufacturer's specifications
and/or instructions with the tines engaged
3.12
normal operation
any use of the machine which is specified by the manufacturer and which is consistent with such activities as
combing thatch, starting, stopping, fuelling, connecting to (or disconnecting from) a power source
3.13
normal use
normal operation, plus routine maintenance, servicing, cleaning, transporting, attaching or removing
accessories, and making adjustments as determined by the manufacturer's instructions
3.14
operator control
any control requiring operator actuation to perform specific functions
3.15
operator presence control
control designed so that it will automatically interrupt power to a drive when the operator's actuating force is
removed
3.16
operator zone
zone for persons operating a machine as presented in Figure 1
3.17
parking brake
device incorporated in the machine which, when operated, prevents the machine from moving from a
stationary position and which will remain applied without the operator being present
3.18
power source
engine which provides mechanical energy for movement of the tines and traction drive
8
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13684:2015
prEN 13684:2015 (E)
3.19
rear discharge
denotes throwing out grass, thatch and moss so that they will be collected in a catcher which is located behind
the tines
3.20
service brake
designated primary means for decelerating and stopping a machine from its ground travel speed
3.21
tine
mechanism used to provide the penetrating or scratching action of a machine
3.22
tine enclosure
part or assembly which provides the protective means around the tines
3.23
tine tip circle
path described by the outermost point of the tine as it rotates about its shaft axis
3.24
traction drive
means (system) used to transmit power from the power source to the ground drive means
3.25
width of cut
total width of scarification/aeration measured across the tines at right angles to the direction of travel
3.26
tine assembly
tines together with any supporting part(s), which together perform the aerating or scarifying action
4 List of significant hazards
This clause contains for defined danger zones all the significant hazards, hazardous situations and events
covered by this document, identified by risk assessment as significant for this type of machines and which
require specific action by the designer or manufacturer to eliminate or to reduce the risk (see Table 1).
It is the responsibility of the manufacturer to check whether or not the safety requirements specified in this
document apply to each significant hazards presented by its specific machine and to validate that the risk
assessment is complete with particular attention to:
— the intended use of the machine including maintenance, setting and cleaning and its reasonably
foreseeable misuse;
— the identification of all significant hazards associated with the machine.
Table 1 — List of significant hazards associated with scarifiers and aerators
Ref. Hazard Location or event Clause/sub-clause
a
No. of this standard
Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events
1 Mechanical hazards due to:
— machine parts or work pieces, e.g.:
e) inadequacy of mechanical strength; Tine failure/strength 5.14
9
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13684:2015
prEN 13684:2015 (E)
Ref. Hazard Location or event Clause/sub-clause
a
No. of this standard
Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events
— accumulation of energy inside the
machinery e.g.:
g) liquids and gases under pressure; Hydraulic fluid leakage/burst 5.6, 6.1
1.2 Shearing hazard Contact with moving parts 5.2, 5.3, 5.10.2,
5.15, 6.1, 6.2 and
Annex A
1.3 Cutting or severing hazard Contact with moving parts 5.2, 5.3, 5.10.2,
5.15, 6.1, 6.2 and
Annex A
1.4 Entanglement hazard Contact with moving parts 5.2, 5.3, 5.10.2,
5.15, 6.1, 6.2 and
Annex A
1.5 Drawing-in or trapping hazard Contact with moving parts 5.2, 5.3, 5.10.2,
5.15, 6.1, 6.2 and
Annex A
1.6 Impact hazard Hit by thrown objects 5.3, 5.13
1.9 High pressure fluid injection or ejection Penetration by high pressure 5.6, 6.1
hazard fluid
2 Electrical hazards due to:
2.1 Contact of persons with live parts (direct Contact with live parts 5.9.3
contact)
2.3 Approach to live parts under high voltage Contact with HT ignition parts 5.9.3
2.5 Thermal radiation or other phenomena Protection against circuit 5.9.2.3
such as the projection of molten particles overload
and chemical effects from short circuits,
overloads, etc.
3 Thermal hazards, resulting in:
3.1 Burns, scalds and other injuries by a Contact with hot parts 5.4
possible contact of persons with objects
or materials with an extreme high or low
temperature, by flames or explosions and
also by the radiation of heat sources
4 Hazards generated by noise, resulting in:
4.1 Hearing loss (deafness), other Hearing damage 5.16, 6.1, 6.2 and
physiological disorders (e.g. loss of Annex A, Annex C
balance, loss of awareness)
5 Hazards generated by vibration
5.1 Use of hand-held machines resulting in a Vibration white finger 5.17, 6.1, Annex E
variety of neurological and vascular
disorders
7 Hazards generated by materials and substances (and their constituent elements) processed
or used by the machinery
7.1 Hazards from contact with or inhalation Breathing engine exhaust 5.5, 6.1
of harmful fluids, gases, mists, fumes, fumes
and dusts
Contact with hazardous fluids 5.7, 6.1
7.2 Fire or explosion hazard Abrasion of wire insulation etc 5.9.2.1
10
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13684:2015
prEN 13684:2015 (E)
Ref. Hazard Location or event Clause/sub-clause
a
No. of this standard
Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events
8 Hazards generated by neglecting ergonomic principles in machinery design as, e.g. hazards
from:
8.1 Unhealthy postures or excessive effort Position of controls 5.8.1
8.2 Inadequate consideration of hand-arm or Position of controls 5.8.1
foot-leg anatomy
Position of handle 5.12
8.3 Neglected use of personal protection Eye and ear protection 6.1, Annex A
equipment
8.7 Inadequate design, location or Position of controls 5.8.1, 5.8.2
identification of manual controls
9 Combination of hazards
10 Unexpected start-up, unexpected over-run/over-speed (or any similar malfunction) from:
10.6 Errors made by the operator (due to Removal of guards before 5.3
mismatch of machinery with human stopping machine
characteristics and abilities, see 8.6)
Over-speed of engine 5.8.1
Leaving unattended machine 5.8.3
running
16 Break-up during operation Broken tines 5.14
17 Falling or ejected objects or fluids Thrown objects 5.3, 5.13
Additional hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events due to mobility
20 Relating to the travelling function
20.1 Movement when starting the engine Movement of the machine 5.8.1, 5.8.3, 5.8.4
20.2 Movement without a driver at the driving Operator presence control — 5.8.3
position tines
5.8.4
Operator presence control —
traction
20.6 Insufficient ability of machinery to be Stopping from travelling 5.11.1, 5.11.2
slowed down, stopped and immobilized
Keeping stationary 5.11.3
21 Linked to the work position (including driving station) on the machine
21.4 Mechanical hazards at the work position: Thrown objects 5.3, 5.13
c) fall of objects, penetration by objects Feet in contact with tines 5.12
e) contact of persons with machine parts
or tools (pedestrian controlled machines)
21.8 Noise at the work position Hearing damage 5.16, 6.1, 6.2 and
Annex A, Annex C
21.9 Vibration at the work position Vibration white finger 5.17, 6.1, Annex E
22 Due to the control system
22.1 Inadequate location of manual controls Position of controls 5.8.1
22.2 Inadequate design of manual controls Reverse only with rearward 5.8.4
and their mode of operation movement of control
24 Due to the power source and to the transmission of power
11
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
oSIST prEN 13684:2015
prEN 13684:2015 (E)
Ref. Hazard Location or event Clause/sub-clause
a
No. of this standard
Hazards, hazardous situations and hazardous events
24.1 Hazards from the engine and the Harm from battery vapour 5.9.2.2
batteries
25 From/to third persons
25.1 Unauthorized start-up/use Removable key 5.10.1
25.2 Drift of a part away from its stopping Positive stop control 5.10.1
position
26 Insufficient instructions for the Full instructions 6.1, 6.2 and Annex A
driver/operator
a
References are according to EN 1050:1996, Annex A.
5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures
5.1 General
Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective/risk reduction measures of this Clause.
In addition, the machine shall be designed according to the principles of EN ISO 12100:2010 for relevant but
not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this document (e.g. sharp edges on the outside of the
machine).
5.2 Power driven components and the tines
All power driven transmission components except the ground-contacting parts of the machine shall be
guarded to prevent contact with these parts during normal operation. For guarding of the tines see 5.15.
Except where otherwise stated in this document all openings and safety distances shall conform to
EN ISO 13857:2008, 4.2.4.1 or 4.2.4.3 together with Table 4,
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.