SIST EN 62108:2008

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies - Design qualification and type approvalKoncentratorski fotonapetostni (CPV) moduli in sestavi - Ocena zasnove in odobritev tipa (IEC 62108:2007)Modules et ensembles photovoltaïques à concentration
- Qualification de la conception et homologationKonzentrator-Photovoltaik(CPV)-Module und -Anordnungen - Bauarteignung und Bauartzulassung27.160Solar energy engineeringICS:SIST EN 62108:2008en,fr,deTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 62108:200801-september-2008SIST EN 62108:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARD







EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 62108 NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM March 2008
CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels
© 2008 CENELEC -
All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 62108:2008 E
ICS 27.160
English version
Concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies -
Design qualification and type approval (IEC 62108:2007)
Modules et ensembles photovoltaïques
à concentration -
Qualification de la conception
et homologation (CEI 62108:2007)
Konzentrator-Photovoltaik(CPV)-Module und -Anordnungen -
Bauarteignung und Bauartzulassung (IEC 62108:2007)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2008-02-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.



EN 62108:2008
- 2 -
Foreword The text of document 82/494/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62108, prepared by IEC TC 82, Solar photovoltaic energy systems, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 62108 on 2008-02-01. The following dates were fixed: – latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement
(dop)
2008-11-01 – latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn
(dow)
2011-02-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. __________ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 62108:2007 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: IEC 60904-1 NOTE
Harmonized as EN 60904-1:2006 (not modified). IEC 61730-1 NOTE
Harmonized as EN 61730-1:2007 (modified). IEC 61730-2 NOTE
Harmonized as EN 61730-2:2007 (modified). __________



- 3 - EN 62108:2008 Annex ZA (normative)
Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE
When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60068-2-21 2006 Environmental testing -
Part 2-21: Tests - Test U: Robustness of terminations and integral mounting devices EN 60068-2-21 2006
IEC 61215 2005 Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic
(PV) modules - Design qualification and type approval EN 61215 2005
ISO/IEC 17025 2005 General requirements for the competence
of testing and calibration laboratories EN ISO/IEC 17025 2005
ANSI/UL 1703 2002 Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Modules and Panels - -







IEC 62108Edition 1.0 2007-12INTERNATIONAL STANDARD NORME INTERNATIONALEConcentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies –Design qualification and type approval
Modules et ensembles photovoltaïques à concentration – Qualification de la conception et homologation
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION COMMISSION ELECTROTECHNIQUE INTERNATIONALE WICS 27.160 PRICE CODECODE PRIXISBN 2-8318-9430-1



– 2 – 62108 © IEC:2007 CONTENTS FOREWORD.5
1 Scope and object.7 2 Normative references.7 3 Terms and definitions.7 4 Sampling.8 5 Marking.9 6 Testing.9 7 Pass criteria.10 8 Report.18 9 Modifications.18 10 Test procedures.18 10.1 Visual inspection.18 10.1.1 Procedure.19 10.1.2 Major visual defects.19 10.1.3 Requirements.19 10.2 Electrical performance measurement.19 10.2.1 Purpose.19 10.2.2 Outdoor side-by-side I-V measurement.19 10.2.3 Solar simulator I-V measurement.21 10.2.4 Dark I-V measurement.21 10.3 Ground path continuity test.22 10.3.1 Purpose.22 10.3.2 Procedure.22 10.3.3 Requirements.22 10.4 Electrical insulation test.22 10.4.1 Purpose.22 10.4.2 Procedure.22 10.4.3 Requirements.23 10.5 Wet insulation test.23 10.5.1 Purpose.23 10.5.2 Procedure.23 10.5.3 Requirements.24 10.6 Thermal cycling test.24 10.6.1 Purpose.24 10.6.2 Test sample.24 10.6.3 Procedure.24 10.6.4 Requirements.25 10.7 Damp heat test.26 10.7.1 Purpose.26 10.7.2 Test sample.26 10.7.3 Procedure.26 10.7.4 Requirements.27 10.8 Humidity freeze test.27 10.8.1 Purpose.27 10.8.2 Test sample.27



62108 © IEC:2007 – 3 – 10.8.3 Procedure.27 10.8.4 Requirements.27 10.9 Hail impact test.28 10.9.1 Purpose.28 10.9.2 Apparatus.28 10.9.3 Procedure.28 10.9.4 Requirements.29 10.10 Water spray test.29 10.10.1 Purpose.29 10.10.2 Procedure.29 10.10.3 Requirements.30 10.11 Bypass/blocking diode thermal test.30 10.11.1 Purpose.30 10.11.2 Test sample.30 10.11.3 Apparatus.30 10.11.4 Procedure.30 10.11.5 Requirements.31 10.12 Robustness of terminations test.31 10.12.1 Purpose.31 10.12.2 Types of terminations.31 10.12.3 Procedure.31 10.12.4 Requirements.32 10.13 Mechanical load test.32 10.13.1 Purpose.32 10.13.2 Procedure.32 10.13.3 Requirements.33 10.14 Off-axis beam damage test.33 10.14.1 Purpose.33 10.14.2 Special case.33 10.14.3 Procedure.33 10.14.4 Requirements.34 10.15 Ultraviolet conditioning test.34 10.15.1 Purpose.34 10.15.2 Procedure.34 10.16 Outdoor exposure test.34 10.16.1 Purpose.34 10.16.2 Procedure.34 10.16.3 Requirements.35 10.17 Hot-spot endurance test.35
Annex A (informative)
Summary of test conditions and requirements.36
Bibliography.38
Figure 1 – Schematic of point-focus dish PV concentrator.11 Figure 2 – Schematic of linear-focus trough PV concentrator.12 Figure 3 – Schematic of point-focus Fresnel lens PV concentrator.13 Figure 4 – Schematic of linear-focus Fresnel lens PV concentrator.14



– 4 – 62108 © IEC:2007 Figure 5 – Schematic of a heliostat CPV.15 Figure 6 – Qualification test sequence for CPV modules.16 Figure 7 – Qualification test sequence for CPV assemblies.17 Figure 8 – Temperature and current profile of thermal cycle test (not to scale).26 Figure 9 – Profile of humidity-freeze test conditions.28
Table 1 – Terms used for CPVs.8 Table 2 – Allocation of test samples to typical test sequences.10 Table 3 – Thermal cycle test options for sequence A.25 Table 4 – Pre-thermal cycle test options for sequence B.27 Table 5 – Humidity freeze test options for sequence B.27



62108 © IEC:2007 – 5 – INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _____________
CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC (CPV) MODULES AND ASSEMBLIES –
DESIGN QUALIFICATION AND TYPE APPROVAL
FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 62108 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 82: Solar photovoltaic energy systems. The text of this standard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 82/494/FDIS 82/504/RVD
Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.



– 6 – 62108 © IEC:2007 The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed, • withdrawn, • replaced by a revised edition, or • amended.



62108 © IEC:2007 – 7 – CONCENTRATOR PHOTOVOLTAIC (CPV) MODULES AND ASSEMBLIES – DESIGN QUALIFICATION AND TYPE APPROVAL
1 Scope and object This International Standard specifies the minimum requirements for the design qualification and type approval of concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) modules and assemblies suitable for long-term operation in general open-air climates as defined in IEC 60721-2-1. The test sequence is partially based on that specified in IEC 61215 for the design qualification and type approval of flat-plate terrestrial crystalline silicon PV modules. However, some changes have been made to account for the special features of CPV receivers and modules, particularly with regard to the separation of on-site and in-lab tests, effects of tracking alignment, high current density, and rapid temperature changes, which have resulted in the formulation of some new test procedures or new requirements. The object of this test standard is to determine the electrical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics of the CPV modules and assemblies and to show, as far as possible within reasonable constraints of cost and time, that the CPV modules and assemblies are capable of withstanding prolonged exposure in climates described in the scope. The actual life of CPV modules and assemblies so qualified will depend on their design, production, environment, and the conditions under which they are operated. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60068-2-21:2006, Environmental testing – Part 2-21: Tests – Test U: Robustness of terminations and integral mounting devices IEC 61215:2005, Crystalline silicon terrestrial photovoltaic (PV) modules – Design qualification and type approval ISO/IEC 17025:2005, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories ANSI/UL 1703 ed.3 March 15, 2002: Flat-Plate Photovoltaic Modules and Panels 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1
concentrator term associated with photovoltaic devices that use concentrated sunlight 3.2
concentrator cell basic photovoltaic device that is used under the illumination of concentrated sunlight 3.3
concentrator optics optical device that performs one or more of the following functions from its input to output: increasing the light intensity, filtering the spectrum, modifying light intensity distribution, or changing light direction. Typically, it is a lens or a mirror. A primary optics receives unconcentrated sunlight directly from the sun. A secondary optics receives concentrated or modified sunlight from another optical device, such as primary optics or another secondary optics.



– 8 – 62108 © IEC:2007 3.4
concentrator receiver group of one or more concentrator cells and secondary optics (if present) that accepts concentrated sunlight and incorporates the means for thermal and electric energy transfer. A receiver could be made of several sub-receivers. The sub-receiver is a physically stand-alone, smaller portion of the full-size receiver. 3.5
concentrator module group of receivers, optics, and other related components, such as interconnection and mounting, that accepts unconcentrated sunlight. All of the above components are usually prefabricated as one unit, and the focus point is not field adjustable. A module could be made of several sub-modules. The sub-module is a physically stand-alone, smaller portion of the full-size module. 3.6
concentrator assembly group of receivers, optics, and other related components, such as interconnection and mounting, that accepts unconcentrated sunlight. All of the above components would usually be shipped separately and need some field installation, and the focus point is field adjustable. An assembly could be made of several sub-assemblies. The sub-assembly is a physically stand-alone, smaller portion of the full-size assembly. 3.7
representative samples for CPV see details in Clause 4 Figures from Figures 1 to 5 are schematics of cells, receivers, modules, and assemblies. Table 1 – Terms used for CPVs Primary optics Secondary optics CPV cells Electric energy transfer means Thermal energy transfer means CPV receiver Interconnection Mounting CPV Module – prefabricated and the focus point is not field adjustable, similar to most Fresnel lens systems.
CPV Assembly – needs some field installation and the focus point is field adjustable, similar to most reflective systems.
4 Sampling For non-field-adjustable focus-point CPV systems or modules, 7 modules and 2 receivers are required to complete all the specified tests, plus one receiver for the bypass/blocking diode thermal test (intrusive or non-intrusive). For details, see Figure 6. For field-adjustable focus-point CPV systems or assemblies, 9 receivers (including secondary optics sections, if applicable) and 7 primary optics sections are required to complete all the specified tests, plus one receiver for the bypass/blocking diode thermal test (intrusive or non-intrusive). For details, see Figure 7. In the case that a full-size module or assembly is too large to fit into available testing equipment, such as environmental chambers, or a full-size module or assembly is too expensive (e.g., for a 20 kW reflective dish concentrator system, 9 receiver samples account for 180 kW of PV cells), a smaller representative sample may be used. However, even if representative samples are used for the other test, a full-size module or assembly should be installed and tested for outdoor exposure. This can be conducted either in the testing lab, or through on-site witness.



62108 © IEC:2007 – 9 – Representative samples should include all components, except some repeated parts. If possible, the representative samples should use sub-receivers, sub-modules, or sub-assemblies. During the design and manufacturing of the representative samples, much attention should be paid to reach the maximum similarity to the full-size component in all electrical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics related to quality and reliability. Specifically, the cell string in representative samples should be long enough to include at least two bypass diodes, but in no case less than ten cells. The encapsulations, interconnects, terminations, and the clearance distances around all edges should be the same as on the actual full-size products. Other representative components, including lens/housing joints, receiver/housing joints, and end plate/lens should also be included and tested. Test samples should be taken at random from a production batch or batches. When the samples to be tested are prototypes of a new design and not from production, or representative samples are used, these facts should be noted in the test report (see Clause 8). The test samples should have been manufactured from specified materials and components in accordance with the relevant drawings and process instructions and should have been subjected to the manufacturer’s normal inspection, quality control, and production acceptance procedures. They should be complete in every detail and should be accompanied by the manufacturer’s handling, mounting, connection, and operation manuals. Samples should not be subjected to other special procedures that are not a part of standard production. If the intrusive bypass/blocking diode thermal test is to be performed, an additional specially manufactured receiver is required with extra electrical and thermal detector leads so that each individual diode can be accessed separately. 5 Marking Each receiver or module section should carry the following clear and indelible markings: – name, monogram, or symbol of manufacturer; – type or model number; – serial number; – polarity of terminals or leads (color coding is permissible); – maximum system voltage for which the module or assembly is suitable; – nominal maximum output power and its tolerance at specified condition; – the date, place of manufacture, and cell materials should be marked, or be traceable from the serial number. If representative samples are used, the same markings as on full-size products should be included for all tests, and the marking should be capable of surviving all test sequences. 6 Testing Before beginning the testing, all testing samples, including the control module and control receiver, should be exposed to the direct normal irradiation (DNI) of sunlight (either natural or simulated) for a total of 5 to 5,5 kWh/m2 while open-circuited. This procedure is designed to reduce the initial photon degradation effects. In this standard, short-circuit current Isc, open-circuit voltage Voc, maximum output power Pm, and other measures are all based on DNI 900 W/m2, cell temperature 25 °C, spectrum at Air Mass 1,5D (under consideration), and wind speed 3 m/s. A formal Concentrator Standard Test Condition (CSTC) definition will be given i
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