SIST EN 2950:2010

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Aeronavtika - Preskusna metoda - Gneteni polizdelki in deli iz zlitin, odpornih proti toploti - Pogoji za makrografski in mikrografski pregled - Atlas struktur in napakLuft- und Raumfahrt - Prüfverfahren - Umgeformte Erzeugnisse aus hochwarmfesten Legierungen - Prüfbedingungen für makrographische und mikrographische Untersuchung - Gefüge- und FehleratlasSérie aérospatiale - Méthode d'essais - Demi-produits et pièces corroyés en alliage résistant à chaud - Conditions d'examens macrographique et micrographique - Atlas de structures et de défautsAerospace series - Test method - Wrought heat resisting alloys Semi-finished products and parts - Conditions for macrographic and micrographic examination - Atlas of structures and defects49.025.01Materiali za letalsko in vesoljsko gradnjo na splošnoMaterials for aerospace construction in generalICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 2950:2008SIST EN 2950:2010en01-april-2010SIST EN 2950:2010SLOVENSKI
STANDARD



SIST EN 2950:2010



EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 2950August 2008ICS 49.025.01 English VersionAerospace series - Test method - Wrought heat resisting alloysSemi-finished products and parts - Conditions for macrographicand micrographic examination - Atlas of structures and defectsSérie aérospatiale - Méthode d'essais - Demi-produits etpièces corroyés en alliage résistant à chaud - Conditionsd'examens macrographique et micrographique - Atlas destructures et de défautsLuft- und Raumfahrt - Prüfverfahren - UmgeformteErzeugnisse aus hochwarmfesten Legierungen -Prüfbedingungen für makrographische undmikrographische Untersuchung - Gefüge- und FehleratlasThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 March 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2008 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 2950:2008: ESIST EN 2950:2010



EN 2950:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.3 1 Scope.4 2 Normative references.4 3 Terms and definitions.4 4 Macrographic examination.5 5 Micrographic examination.7 6 Reporting of results.8 Annex A (normative)
Atlas of macrographic references.9 Annex B (normative)
Atlas of micrographic references.32
SIST EN 2950:2010



EN 2950:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 2950:2008) has been prepared by the Aerospace and Defence Industries Association of Europe - Standardization (ASD-STAN). After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of ASD, prior to its presentation to CEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 2950:2010



EN 2950:2008 (E) 4 1 Scope The present document defines the conditions for the macrographic and micrographic examination of heat resisting alloy semi-finished and parts. It includes an atlas of commonly encountered and structural defects. The present document shall be applied in conjunction with the material standards specifying the criteria of acceptance. The present document is not intended to apply to cast or powder metallurgy products. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 2078, Aerospace series — Metallic materials — Manufacturing schedule, inspection schedule, inspection and test report — Definition, general principles, preparation and approval 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 tree rings one or more concentric or non-concentric rings evidenced by a difference in texture associated with minor composition gradients due to ingot solidification 3.2 dendritic aspect coarse structure having a fir-tree like appearance initiated during the solidification of the ingot 3.3 grain flow fibre like lines which are caused by orientation of the constituents of the metal during deformation 3.4 recrystallisation formation of a new grain structure from that existing previously 3.5 freckles a type of segregation consisting of circular or near-circular dark etching areas, generally enriched with carbides and hardening elements 3.6 white spots a type of segregation consisting of bright white areas having bulk or fibrous configuration, generally depleted in carbides and hardening elements 3.7 stringer predominantly straight linear formation which is ≤ 2 particles in width SIST EN 2950:2010



EN 2950:2008 (E) 5 3.8 cluster predominantly straight elongated formation which is mainly > 2 particles in width 3.9 chain linear formation whose particle distribution does not lie predominantly in a straight line 3.10 random distribution of particles with no particular orientation 4 Macrographic examination 4.1 General Macrographic examination shall be carried out in accordance with this standard and by reference to Annex A (normative) to verify that the requirements of the relevant material standard, technical specification or order have been met. 4.2 Product surface examination 4.2.1 General Examination shall be performed on the entire surface of the product in the delivery heat treatment condition unless otherwise agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Handling zones which may cause imperfect etching shall be defined and agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser, and shall not be taken into account in the evaluation. 4.2.2 Surface preparation Preparation shall not alter, contaminate or cold work the surface structure. The product shall be cleaned and degreased to ensure uniform etching. 4.2.3 Macroetching The etching method to be used shall be agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser. A list of typical etching reagents and conditions are given in Table 1. All structural characteristics, particularly the segregation resulting from solidification of the ingot shall be revealed. After etching, the surfaces shall be cleaned in a way which does not affect the quality of the contrast and shall be protected from deterioration and contamination until inspection is carried out. 4.2.4 Examination Examination shall be carried out under a minimum light intensity of 250 Lux. Examination shall normally be performed without magnification but when necessary may be supplemented by the use of a magnification up to a maximum of × 12. In case of doubt or when the structural features are unusual, a micrographic examination of the affected area shall be made in accordance with Clause 5. SIST EN 2950:2010



EN 2950:2008 (E) 6 4.3 Cut-up examination 4.3.1 General Unless otherwise agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser, examina
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