SIST EN 900:2014

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
kSIST FprEN 900:2014
01-april-2014
Kemikalije, ki se uporabljajo za pripravo pitne vode - Kalcijev hipoklorit
Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human consumption - Calcium
hypochlorite
Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser für den menschlichen Gebrauch -
Calciumhypochlorit
Produits chimiques utilisés pour le traitement de l'eau destinée à la consommation
humaine - Hypochlorite de calcium
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: FprEN 900
ICS:
13.060.20 Pitna voda Drinking water
71.100.80 .HPLNDOLMH]DþLãþHQMHYRGH Chemicals for purification of
water
kSIST FprEN 900:2014 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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kSIST FprEN 900:2014

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kSIST FprEN 900:2014

EUROPEAN STANDARD
FINAL DRAFT
FprEN 900
NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM

February 2014
ICS 71.100.80 Will supersede EN 900:2007
English Version
Chemicals used for treatment of water intended for human
consumption - Calcium hypochlorite
Produits chimiques utilisés pour le traitement de l'eau Produkte zur Aufbereitung von Wasser für den
destinée à la consommation humaine - Hypochlorite de menschlichen Gebrauch - Calciumhypochlorit
calcium
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for formal vote. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC
164.

If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.

This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.

Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.

Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.


EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. FprEN 900:2014 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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kSIST FprEN 900:2014
FprEN 900:2014 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Description .6
3.1 Identification .6
3.1.1 Chemical name .6
3.1.2 Synonym or common name .6
3.1.3 Relative molecular mass .6
3.1.4 Empirical formula.6
3.1.5 Chemical formula .7
)
3.1.6 CAS Registry Number .7
)
3.1.7 EINECS reference .7
3.2 Commercial form .7
3.3 Physical properties .7
3.3.1 Appearance .7
3.3.2 Density .7
3.3.3 Solubility in water .7
3.3.4 Vapour pressure .7
)
3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa .7
3.3.6 Melting point .7
3.3.7 Specific heat .7
3.3.8 Viscosity, dynamic.8
3.3.9 Critical temperature .8
3.3.10 Critical pressure.8
3.3.11 Physical hardness .8
3.4 Chemical properties .8
4 Purity criteria .8
4.1 General .8
4.2 Composition of commercial product .8
4.3 Impurities and main by-products .9
4.4 Chemical parameters .9
5 Test methods .9
5.1 Sampling .9
5.2 Analysis . 10
5.2.1 Determination of calcium hypochlorite content (main product) . 10
5.2.2 Dissolution quality (available chlorine after 1 min) . 12
5.2.3 Impurities . 13
5.2.4 Chemical parameters . 14
6 Labelling - Transportation - Storage . 16
6.1 Means of delivery . 16
)
6.2 Labelling according to the EU legislation . 17
6.3 Transportation regulations and labelling . 17
6.4 Marking . 18
6.5 Storage . 18
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6.5.1 General . 18
6.5.2 Long term stability . 18
6.5.3 Storage incompatibilities . 19
Annex A (informative)  General information on calcium hypochlorite . 20
A.1 Origin . 20
A.1.1 Raw materials . 20
A.1.2 Manufacturing process . 20
A.2 Use . 20
A.2.1 Function. 20
A.2.2 Form in which it is used . 20
A.2.3 Treatment dose . 20
A.2.4 Means of application . 20
A.2.5 Secondary effects . 20
A.2.6 Removal of excess product . 21
Annex B (normative)  General rules relating to safety . 22
B.1 Rules for safe handling and use . 22
B.2 Emergency procedures . 22
B.2.1 First aid . 22
B.2.2 Spillage . 22
B.2.3 Fire . 22
Annex C (normative) Determination of arsenic, antimony and selenium (atomic absorption

spectrometry hydride technique) . 23
C.1 General principle . 23
C.2 Interferences . 23
C.3 Reagents. 23
C.4 Apparatus . 25
C.4.1 General . 25
C.5 Procedure . 27
C.5.1 Preparation of the apparatus . 27
C.5.2 Preparation of calibration solutions . 27
C.5.3 Preparation of test solutions and standard solutions . 27
C.5.4 Determination of arsenic with sodium borohydride . 27
C.5.5 Determination of selenium with sodium borohydride . 28
C.5.6 Determination of antimony with sodium borohydride . 28
C.6 Calculation . 28
C.7 Repeatability limit . 28
Annex D (informative) Environmental, health and safety precautions within chemical laboratory . 29
Bibliography . 30

3

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FprEN 900:2014 (E)
Foreword
This document (FprEN 900:2013) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 164 “Water supply”,
the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the Formal Vote.
This document will supersede EN 900:2007.
Significant technical differences between this edition and EN 900:2007 are as follows:
a) deletion of the maximum sodium chloride content and of its relevant method of determination;
b) replacement of warning and safety precautions notes by labelling according to REGULATION (EC)
No 1272/2008.
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Introduction
With respect to potential adverse effects on the quality of water intended for human consumption caused by
the product covered by this European Standard:
a) this European Standard provides no information as to whether the product may be used without
restriction in any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA;
b) it should be noted that, while awaiting the adoption of verifiable European criteria, existing national
regulations concerning the use and/or the characteristics of this product remain in force.
NOTE 1 Conformity with this European Standard does not confer or imply acceptance or approval of the products in
any of the Member States of the EU or EFTA. The use of the products covered by this European Standard is subject to
regulation or control by National Authorities.
NOTE 2 This product is a biocide and needs to comply with the relevant legislation in force. In the European Union, at
the time of publication, this legislation is Directive 1998/8/EC [1]).
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1 Scope
This European Standard is applicable to calcium hypochlorite used for the treatment of water intended for
human consumption. It describes the characteristics of calcium hypochlorite and specifies the requirements
and the corresponding test methods for calcium hypochlorite. It provides information on its use in water
treatment. It also determines the rules relating to safe handling and use of calcium hypochlorite (see
Annex B).
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use — Specification and test methods (ISO 3696)
EN ISO 12846:2012, Water quality — Determination of mercury — Method using atomic absorption
spectrometry (AAS) with and without enrichment (ISO 12846:2012)
ISO 3165, Sampling of chemical products for industrial use — Safety in sampling
ISO 6206, Chemical products for industrial use — Sampling — Vocabulary
ISO 8213, Chemical products for industrial use — Sampling techniques — Solid chemical products in the form
of particles varying from powders to coarse lumps
ISO 8288, Water quality — Determination of cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium and lead — Flame atomic
absorption spectrometric methods
ISO 9174, Water quality — Determination of chromium — Atomic absorption spectrometric methods
3 Description
3.1 Identification
3.1.1 Chemical name
Calcium hypochlorite.
3.1.2 Synonym or common name
None.
3.1.3 Relative molecular mass
142,99.
3.1.4 Empirical formula
Ca(ClO) .
2
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3.1.5 Chemical formula
Ca(ClO) .
2
1)
3.1.6 CAS Registry Number
7778-54-3.
2)
3.1.7 EINECS reference
231-908-7.
3.2 Commercial form
The product is available as a granular solid or in the form of tablets.
3.3 Physical properties
3.3.1 Appearance
The product is white free-flowing granules or white tablets.
3.3.2 Density
3 3 3 3
The bulk density is approximately 0,8 g/cm to 1 g/cm for loose granular material and 1,2 g/cm to 1,3 g/cm
3 3
for tablets, while the density of one tablet is approximately 1,7 g/cm to 1,9 g/cm .
3.3.3 Solubility in water
The solubility is 180 g/l at 25 °C.
3.3.4 Vapour pressure
Not applicable.
3)
3.3.5 Boiling point at 100 kPa
Not applicable.
3.3.6 Melting point
Not applicable as the product decomposes at 177 °C.
3.3.7 Specific heat
Not known.

1) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number.

2) European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical Substances.

3) 100 kPa = 1 bar.
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3.3.8 Viscosity, dynamic
Not applicable.
3.3.9 Critical temperature
Not applicable.
3.3.10 Critical pressure
Not applicable.
3.3.11 Physical hardness
Not applicable.
3.4 Chemical properties
Solutions of calcium hypochlorite are alkaline. The pH value of a solution of concentration 10 g/l is about 11,5
at 25 °C.
Calcium hypochlorite is a strong oxidant and chlorination agent. It reacts with acids or acidic salts to form
chlorine, and can form explosive nitrogen chlorides with ammonia and ammonia compounds. In the presence
of inflammable substances, it causes fires and explosions of organic compounds, oxidation reactions occur
with the release of heat and of moisture, and it is also highly corrosive to most metals.
4 Purity criteria
4.1 General
This European Standard specifies the minimum purity requirements for calcium hypochlorite used for the
treatment of water intended for human consumption. Limits are given for impurities commonly present in the
product. Depending on the raw material and the manufacturing process other impurities may be present and if
so, then the user, and when necessary the relevant authorities, shall be notified.
Users of the product should check the national regulations to clarify whether it is of appropriate purity for
treatment of water intended for human consumption, taking into account raw water quality, required dosage,
contents of other impurities and additives used in the product not stated in this product standard.
Limits have been given for impurities and chemical parameters where these are likely to be present in
significant quantities from the current production process and raw materials. If in the production process or
raw materials lead to significant quantities of impurities, by-products or additives being present, this shall be
notified to the user.
4.2 Composition of commercial product
The product shall contain a minimum of a mass fraction of 65,5 % of calcium hypochlorite (equivalent to an
available active chlorine content of at least a mass fraction of 65 %).
Dissolution quality, calculated as available chlorine which is obtainable within 1 min after dissolution in water,
shall not be less than a mass fraction of 45,5 %.
The water content at the time of delivery should not exceed a mass fraction of 16 % of the product. As the test
method is usually not conducted by the user without danger of explosion, the manufacturer should guarantee
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FprEN 900:2014 (E)
to maintain this value. If necessary a test laboratory may be requested to carry out this test. This
determination should be carried out by specialists only.
4.3 Impurities and main by-products
The content of water-insoluble matter shall not exceed a mass fraction of 6 % of the product.
NOTE 1 The water insoluble matter consists mainly of carbonates.
NOTE 2 Calcium chlorate may be present as a by-product of the production process.
4.4 Chemical parameters
The product shall conform to the requirements specified in Table 1.
Table 1 — Chemical parameters
 Limit in mg/kg of available
Parameter
chlorine
Type 1 Type 2

Arsenic (As) max. 5 10
Cadmium (Cd) max. 5 10
Chromium (Cr) max. 15 15
Mercury (Hg) max. 5 7
Nickel (Ni) max. 8 10
Lead (Pb) max. 15 15
Antimony (Sb) max. 15 15
Selenium (Se) max. 20 20
  Limit in mg/kg of available
chlorine
a
Bromate max. 2,1 4,2
NOTE Cyanide, which does not exist in a strong oxidizing medium
such as calcium hypochlorite is not a relevant chemical parameter.
Pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are not by-products of
the manufacturing process. For parametric values of calcium hypochlorite
on trace metal content in drinking water, see [2].
a
Bromate is a by-product of the manufacturing process.
5 Test methods
5.1 Sampling
Observe the general recommendations of ISO 3165 and take account of ISO 6206. Prepare the laboratory
sample(s) required by the relevant procedure described in ISO 8213.
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5.2 Analysis
5.2.1 Determination of calcium hypochlorite content (main product)
5.2.1.1 Principle
Calcium hypochlorite reacts with potassium iodide to release iodine in the presence of acetic acid. The iodine
is titrated with sodium thiosulfate standard volumetric solution in the presence of starch indicator solution.
NOTE 1 It detects all oxidizing agents being active in a weak acidic solution, i.e. hypochlorite/chlorine, iodate, and
partially chloramines, Fe(III), etc. Not covered under these conditions are bromate and chlorate.
NOTE 2 The titration can also be carried out potentiometrically, with automatic titration, in which case the addition of
soluble starch is unnecessary.
5.2.1.2 Reagents
All reagents shall be of a recognized analytical grade and the water used shall conform to grade 3 as specified
in EN ISO 3696.
5.2.1.2.1 Potassium iodide crystals (KI).
5.2.1.2.2 Glacial acetic acid.
5.2.1.2.3 Hydrochloric acid solution.
Concentrated hydrochloric acid density ρ (HCl) = 1,16 g/ml diluted 1 + 1 by volume with water.
5.2.1.2.4 Sodium thiosulfate standard volumetric solution, c(Na S O .5H O) = 0,1 mol/l.
2 2 3 2
Standard volumetric solutions are commercially available, which might have to be diluted.
Alternatively a standard volumetric solution may be prepared by the following procedure: Dissolve 24,8 g
Na S O .5H O in a 1 000 ml one-mark volumetric flask in about 0,75 l water. After the temperature has
2 2 3 2
equalized make up to the mark with water and mix thoroughly.
To standardize: Weigh, to the nearest 0,1 mg, 3,600 g (m) of dry potassium iodate. Dissolve in water in
a 1 000 ml one-mark volumetric flask, make up to the mark with water and mix (standard reference solution
c(1/6 KIO ) = 0,1 mol/l). Place 200 ml of water in a 500 ml stoppered conical flask, add (2 ± 0,5) g of
3
potassium iodide and stir to dissolve. Then introduce by means of a pipette, 10,0 ml of sodium thiosulfate
solution for standardization, add (15 ± 1) ml of hydrochloric acid solution (5.2.1.2.3) and (5 ± 1) ml of starch
solution (5.2.1.2.5). Titrate immediately with the potassium iodate standard reference solution until the
appearance of a blue coloration persisting for at least 30 s. Record the volume (V) of iodate used.
The concentration, c, of the sodium thiosulfate standard volumetric solution (Na S O .5H O), expressed in
2 2 3 2
moles per litre is given by the following formula:
m
1
C = (1)
1
V×49,0317
1
where
m is the mass, in milligrams, of potassium iodate (KIO ) weighed;
3
V is the volume, in millilitres, of the sodium thiosulfate standard volumetric solution used.
5.2.1.2.5 Starch solution, mass fraction 1 %.
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Make a slurry with (1 ± 0,1) g starch and (5 ± 1) ml water. Add (90 ± 5) ml boiling water to the slurry. Stir to
dissolve it and cool the solution. This solution needs refrigeration to avoid the decomposition of the starch
which results in a vague end point. Keep the solution cool and use it within one week.
Commercial indicators for iodine titration exist and may be used in place of the described starch solution
provided that their efficiency has been previously tested.
5.2.1.3 Apparatus
Ordinary laboratory apparatus and glassware, together with the following:
5.2.1.3.1 Laboratory sonic vibrator.
5.2.1.4 Procedure
5.2.1.4.1 Test portion
Weigh, to the nearest 0,1 mg, 3,5 g of the laboratory sample (m ) into a tarred stoppered weighing bottle.
1
5.2.1.4.2 Determination
Transfer the test portion to a 500 ml volumetric flask with 300 ml of water, stopper, and place in the sonic
vibrator for 10 min, swirling it occasionally until the test portion is in a solution. Make up to the mark with
water.
Place a magnetic stirring bar into the volumetric flask and begin mixing. Transfer 25 ml, while the test portion
is being stirred and without allowing any insoluble matter to settle out, into the 500 ml conical flask.
Add 100 ml of water and 2 g of potassium iodide (5.2.1.2.1), and mix to dissolve. Add 8 ml of glacial acetic
acid (5.2.1.2.2), stir and titrate immediately with the sodium thiosulfate standard volumetric solution (5.2.1.2.4)
to a light yellow colour. Add 3 ml of the starch solution (5.2.1.2.5) and continue titration to the disappearance
, of the sodium thiosulfate standard volumetric solution used.
of the blue black colour. Record the volume V
1
5.2.1.5 Expression of results
The chlorine (Cl ) content, w , expressed as a mass fraction in %, is given by the following formula:
2 1
V× c× 35,453× 20× 100
1
w = (2)
1
m
1
where
V is the volume, in millilitres, of the sodium thiosulfate solution (5.2.1.2.4) used for the
1
titration;
c is the concentration, in moles per litre, of the sodium thiosulfate standard volumetric
solution (5.2.1.2.3);
m is the mass, in milligrams, of the test portion (5.2.1.4.1);
1
35,453 is the mass in
...