SIST EN 13445-6:2021

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 13445-6:2021
01-september-2021
Nadomešča:
SIST EN 13445-6:2014
SIST EN 13445-6:2014/A1:2016
SIST EN 13445-6:2014/A2:2019
Nekurjene tlačne posode - 6. del: Zahteve za konstruiranje in proizvodnjo tlačnih
posod in tlačnih delov posode iz nodularne litine
Unfired pressure vessels - Part 6: Requirements for the design and fabrication of
pressure vessels and pressure parts constructed from spheroidal graphite cast iron
Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 6: Anforderungen an die Konstruktion und Herstellung
von Druckbehältern und Druckbehälterteilen aus Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Partie 6: Exigences pour la
conception et la fabrication des récipients sous pression et des parties sous pression
moulés en fonte à graphite sphéroïdal
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 13445-6:2021
ICS:
23.020.32 Tlačne posode Pressure vessels
77.140.01 Železni in jekleni izdelki na Iron and steel products in
splošno general
SIST EN 13445-6:2021 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 13445-6:2021

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SIST EN 13445-6:2021


EN 13445-6
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

May 2021
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 23.020.30 Supersedes EN 13445-6:2014
English Version

Unfired pressure vessels - Part 6: Requirements for the
design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure
parts constructed from spheroidal graphite cast iron
Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 6: Anforderungen an
Partie 6: Exigences pour la conception et la fabrication die Konstruktion und Herstellung von Druckbehältern
des récipients sous pression et des parties sous und Druckbehälterteilen aus Gusseisen mit
pression moulés en fonte à graphite sphéroïdal Kugelgraphit
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 February 2021.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2021 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 13445-6:2021 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN 13445-6:2021
EN 13445-6:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
Contents
Page
European foreword . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms, definitions units and symbols . 7
3.1 Terms and definitions . 7
3.2 Units . 9
3.3 Symbols . 9
3.4 Inter-relation of thicknesses definitions .11
4 Service conditions .11
4.1 Cyclic loading .11
4.2 Limitations on temperature and energy content .12
5 Requirements .12
5.1 Materials .12
5.2 Design .14
5.2.1 Technical documentation .14
5.2.2 Design methods .14
5.3 Founding .21
5.3.1 General .21
5.3.2 Welding .21
6 Material testing .21
6.1 General .21
6.2 Frequency and number of tests .21
6.3 Chemical analysis .22
6.4 Graphite structure .22
6.5 Inspection documents .22
7 Testing and final assessment .22
7.1 Testing .22
7.1.1 General .22
7.1.2 Testing requirements for C = 0,8 .23
Q
7.1.3 Testing requirements for C = 0,9 .23
Q
7.1.4 Surface imperfections .24
7.1.5 Cracks, laps, cold shut and non-fused chaplets .24
7.1.6 Ultrasonic testing and/or sectioning .24
7.1.7 Magnetic particle testing (only for ferritic grades) .24
7.1.8 Penetrant testing .25
7.1.9 Radiographic testing .25
7.1.10 Surface roughness .25
7.1.11 Minimum wall thickness .25
7.1.12 Wall thickness tolerances .25
7.1.13 Other dimensions .25
7.1.14 Qualification of testing personnel .26
7.2 Final assessment .26
7.2.1 General .26
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EN 13445-6:2021 (E)
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7.2.2 Hydraulic test pressure . 26
8 Pressure vessels constructed of a combination of parts in different materials . 26
9 Marking and documentation . 26
9.1 Marking of castings . 26
9.2 Name plate for the complete pressure vessel . 27
9.3 Documentation . 27
(normative) Technical data for the design calculations. 28
A.1 Purpose . 28
A.2 Technical data . 28
A.2.1 Ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron according to EN 1563:2018 . 28
A.2.2 Austenitic spheroidal graphite cast iron according to EN 13835:2012 . 29
(informative) Ductility . 30
(informative) Determination of the minimum local wall thickness and minimum
required burst test pressure . 32
(normative) Assessment of fatigue life . 34
D.1 Purpose . 34
D.2 Specific definitions . 34
D.3 Specific symbols and abbreviations . 34
D.4 Limitations . 35
D.5 General . 35
D.6 Simplified fatigue assessment . 35
D.6.1 Pseudo-elastic stress range . 35
D.6.2 Correction factors . 36
D.6.3 Fatigue design curves . 37
D.6.4 Allowable number of cycles . 43
∆σ
D.6.5 Allowable stress range . 43
D.7 Detailed fatigue assessment . 43
D.7.1 Pseudo-elastic stress ranges . 43
D.7.2 Corrections to stress range . 44
D.7.3 Fatigue design curves . 45
D.7.4 Allowable number of cycles . 46
D.7.5 Allowable stress range . 47
D.8 Assessment rule for total fatigue damage . 47
D.9 Repairs of surface imperfections . 47
(normative) Design by analysis for castings . 48
E.1 Introduction . 48
E.2 Special requirements to EN 13445-3:2021, Annex B . 48
E.2.1 Addition to B.8.2.3: Design checks for normal operating load cases . 48
E.2.2 Addition to B.8.2.4: Design checks for testing load cases . 48
E.3 Additions to EN 13445-3:2021, Annex C . 48
E.4 Requirements . 49
(informative) Recommendations for in-service validation and inspection . 50
F.1 Purpose . 50
F.2 Tests during operation . 50
F.3 Measures to be taken when the calculated allowable fatigue lifetime has been reached . 51
F.3.1 General . 51
F.3.2 Testing of vessels and pressure parts at end of life without indicated damages . 51
F.3.3 Hydraulic testing of vessels and vessel parts with indicated damages. 51
(normative) Specific design requirements . 52
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SIST EN 13445-6:2021
EN 13445-6:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
G.1 Scope .52
G.2 Design .52
G.2.1 General .52
G.2.2 Cover crown thickness, pressure to convex side .53
G.2.3 Cover crown thickness, pressure to concave side .53
G.2.4 Flange thickness .53
(normative) Experimental cyclic pressure testing procedure .54
H.1 Purpose .54
H.1.1 General .54
H.1.2 Experimental methods and other design methods .54
H.2 Validity .54
H.3 Tests requirements .54
H.3.1 General .54
H.3.2 Number of parts .54
H.3.3 Procedure.55
H.3.4 Material tests .57
H.4 Allowable number of cycles .57
(informative) History of EN 13445-6 .60
Y.1 Differences between EN 13445-6:2014 and EN 13445-6:2021 .60
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the essential
requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU (Pressure equipment Directive) aimed to be
covered.61
Bibliography .63

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SIST EN 13445-6:2021
EN 13445-6:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
European foreword
This document (EN 13445-6:2021) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54 “Unfired pressure
vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2021, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
at the latest by November 2021.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 2014/68/EU.
For relationship with EU Directive 2014/68/EU, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
list of all parts in the EN 13445 series can be found on the CEN website.
Although these Parts may be obtained separately, it should be recognised that the Parts are inter-dependent.
As such the manufacture of unfired pressure vessels requires the application of all the relevant Parts in order
for the requirements of the Standard to be satisfactorily fulfilled.
Corrections to the standard interpretations where several options seem possible are conducted through the
Migration Help Desk (MHD). Information related to the Help Desk can be found at http://www.unm.fr
(en13445@unm.fr). A form for submitting questions can be downloaded from the link to the MHD website.
After subject experts have agreed an answer, the answer will be communicated to the questioner. Corrected
pages will be given specific issue number and issued by CEN according to CEN Rules. Interpretation sheets
will be posted on the website of the MHD.
This document supersedes EN 13445-6:2014. This new edition incorporates the Amendments which have
been approved previously by CEN members, and the corrected pages up to Issue 5 without any further
technical change. Annex Y provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard
and the previous edition.
Amendments to this new edition may be issued from time to time and then used immediately as alternatives
to rules contained herein. It is intended to deliver a new Issue of EN 13445:2021 each year, starting with the
precedent as Issue 1, consolidating these Amendments and including other identified corrections.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
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SIST EN 13445-6:2021
EN 13445-6:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
1 Scope
This document specifies requirements for the design, materials, manufacturing and testing of pressure vessels
and pressure vessel parts intended for use with a maximum allowable pressure, PS, equal or less than:
— 100 bar when containing gases or liquids in group 1 or 2
— 1000 bar when containing liquids in group 2 only.
and shell wall thicknesses not exceeding 60 mm, which are constructed of ferritic or austenitic spheroidal
graphite cast iron. The thickness limitation of the shell does not apply to thickness of flanges, reinforcements,
bosses etc.
NOTE 1 Austenitic spheroidal graphite cast iron grades are principally used for high and low temperature applications
and for their corrosion resistance properties.
NOTE 2 The allowable grades of spheroidal graphite cast iron are listed in Tables 5.1-1 and 5.1-2. Service conditions
are given in Clause 4.
This document, EN 13445-6, does not include lamellar graphite cast iron grades for ferritic and austenitic
grades, with an elongation after fracture equal or less than 15 % which are explicitly excluded. Requirements
for the use of cast irons with an elongation after fracture equal or less than 15 % are given in EN 15776.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 287-6:2018, Qualification test of welders — Fusion Welding — Part 6: Cast iron
EN 764-2:2012, Pressure equipment — Part 2: Quantities, symbols and units
EN 764-5:2014, Pressure equipment — Part 5: Compliance and inspection documentation of materials
EN 837-1:1996, Pressure gauges — Part 1: Bourdon tube pressure gauges — Dimensions, metrology,
requirements and testing
EN 837-3:1996, Pressure gauges — Part 3: Diaphragm and capsule pressure gauges — Dimensions, metrology,
requirements and testing
EN 1011-8:2004, Welding — Recommendations for welding of metallic materials — Part 8: Welding of cast irons
EN 1369:2012, Founding — Magnetic particle testing
EN 1370:2011, Founding — Examination of surface condition
EN 1371-1:2011, Founding — Liquid penetrant testing — Part 1: Sand, gravity die and low pressure die castings
EN 1559-1:2011, Founding — Technical conditions of delivery — Part 1: General
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SIST EN 13445-6:2021
EN 13445-6:2021 (E)
Issue 1 (2021-05)
EN 1559-3:2011, Founding — Technical conditions of delivery — Part 3: Additional requirements for iron
castings
EN 1563:2018, Founding — Spheroidal graphite cast irons
EN 12680-3:2011, Founding — Ultrasonic testing — Part 3: Spheroidal graphite cast iron castings
EN 12681:2003, Founding — Radiographic examination
EN 13445-1:2021, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 1: General
EN 13445-3:2021, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 3: Design
EN 13445-5:2021, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 5: Inspection and testing
EN 13835:2012, Founding — Austenitic cast irons
EN ISO 945-1:2008, Microstructure of cast irons — Part 1: Graphite classification by visual analysis
(ISO 945-1:2008)
EN ISO 8062-1:2007, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Dimensional and geometrical tolerances for
moulded parts — Part 1: Vocabulary (ISO 8062-1:2007)
EN ISO 8062-3:2007, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) — Dimensional and geometrical tolerances for
moulded parts — Part 3: General dimensional and geometrical tolerances and machining allowances for castings
(ISO 8062-3:2007)
EN ISO 15614-3:2008, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials — Welding
procedure test — Part 3: Fusion welding of non-alloyed and low-alloyed cast irons (ISO 15614-3:2008)
3 Terms, definitions units and symbols
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp.
3.1.1
critical zone
highly stressed area where a fracture is expected to occur in a burst test or where surface fatigue cracks are
expected to be initiated due to fluctuating pressure loads
Note 1 to entry: Critical zones may occur, for example, by any of the following:
— sudden change in cross section;
— sharp edges;
— sharp radii;
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— peak stresses;
— bending stresses;
— stresses due to other than membrane stress;
— changes in curvature.
Note 2 to entry: A critical zone is analysed by any appropriate method, e.g. holographic, interferometric, strain gauge
methods, burst test, fatigue testing, FEM analysis etc.
Note 3 to entry: Additionally, thermal gradients and thermal stresses due to different operating wall temperatures
need to be considered in defining critical zones.
3.1.2
purchaser
individual or organisation that buys pressure equipment, including assemblies or parts, for its own use or
...