SIST EN 50191:2010
(Main)Erection and operation of electrical test equipment
Erection and operation of electrical test equipment
This European Standard is applicable to the erection and operation of fixed and temporary electrical test installations. Compliance with this European Standard is not necessary, if contact with live parts presents no danger. This is the case when one of the following conditions is satisfied at live exposed points: a) the voltage at frequencies above 500 Hz does not exceed 25 V a.c. or 60 V d.c. and complies with the requirements for SELV or for PELV in accordance with HD 60364-4-41; b) in case of voltages at frequencies up to 500 Hz exceeding 25 V a.c. or 60 V d.c., the resultant current through a non-inductive resistance of 2 kO does not exceed 3 mA a.c. (r.m.s.) or 12 mA d.c; c) at frequencies above 500 Hz the national determined current and voltage values shall be applied. If there are no national requirements determined reference values for permissible body currents and contact voltages can be taken from Table A.1; d) the discharge energy does not exceed 350 mJ.
Errichten und Betreiben elektrischer Prüfanlagen
1.1 Diese Europäische Norm gilt für das Errichten und Betreiben stationärer und nichtstationärer elektrischer Prüfanlagen. 1.2 Diese Europäische Norm braucht nicht eingehalten zu werden, wenn das Berühren unter Spannung stehender Teile ungefährlich ist. Dies ist gegeben, wenn an berührbaren Stellen eine der nachstehenden Bedingungen erfüllt ist: a) die Spannung beträgt bei Frequenzen bis 500 Hz höchstens AC 25 V oder DC 60 V und entspricht den Anforderungen für die SELV (Schutzkleinspannung) oder für die PELV (Funktionskleinspannung) nach HD 60364-4-41; b) bei Spannungen mit Frequenzen bis 500 Hz über AC 25 V oder DC 60 V ist der durch sie hervorgerufene Strom durch einen induktionsfreien Widerstand von 2 k* nicht größer als AC 3 mA effektiv bzw. DC 12 mA; c) bei Frequenzen über 500 Hz sind die national festgelegten Spannungs- und Stromwerte anzuwenden. Sind national keine Werte festgelegt, können Richtwerte für zulässige Körperströme und Berührungsspannungen der Tabelle A.1 entnommen werden; d) die Entladungsenergie ist nicht größer als 350 mJ. ANMERKUNG 1 Auch wenn, aufgrund der Erfüllung o. g. Bedingungen, diese Europäische Norm nicht eingehalten werden muss, sind andere mögliche Risiken z.B. Brand- oder Explosionsgefahr zu bedenken und geeignete Maßnahmen zu treffen. ANMERKUNG 2 zu 1.2 b) & d): Die Werte für den hervorgerufenen Strom von AC 3 mA bzw. DC 12 mA sowie die Entladungsenergie von 350 mJ stimmen überein mit den in der EN 50110-1 beim Arbeiten unter Spannung genannten Werten. Diese Werte werden auch durch die Festlegungen in der IEC/TS 60479-1 belegt. 1.3 Diese Europäische Norm gilt nicht für den zur allgemeinen Energieversorgung gehörenden Teil der Prüfanlagen; hier gelten für das Errichten die Dokumente der Reihe HD 60364 (bei Nennspannungen bis 1 000 V) bzw. HD 637 (bei Nennspannungen über 1 kV) und für das Betreiben EN 50110-1. 1.4 Soweit in dieser Europäischen Norm keine Anforderungen enthalten sind, gelten für das Errichten elektrischer Prüfanlagen die Dokumente der Reihe HD 60364 (bei Nennspannungen bis 1 000 V) bzw. HD 637 (bei Nennspannungen über 1 kV) und für das Betreiben elektrischer Prüfanlagen EN 50110-1.
Installation et exploitation des équipements électriques d'essais
1.1 La présente Norme Européenne est applicable à l'installation et l'exploitation des installations électriques d'essais fixes et temporaires. 1.2 Il n'est pas nécessaire de se conformer à cette Norme Européenne si les contacts avec des parties actives ne présentent pas de danger. C'est le cas si les parties actives accessibles satisfont à l'une des conditions suivantes: a) la tension pour des fréquences supérieures à 500 Hz ne dépasse pas 25 V en courant alternatif ou 60 V en courant continu, et satisfait aux prescriptions de la TBTS ou de la TBTP conformément au HD 384.4.41 ; b) pour des tensions à des fréquences jusqu’à et y compris 500 Hz pour des tensions supérieures à 25 V en courant alternatif ou 60 V en courant continu, le courant résultant dans une résistance non inductive de 2 k* ne dépasse pas 3 mA efficaces ou 12 mA continus ; c) pour des fréquences supérieures à 500 Hz les comités nationaux doivent déterminer les valeurs de courant et de tension admissibles. Si aucune valeur permise de courants dans le corps et de tensions de contact n’est donnée par les comités nationaux, ces valeurs peuvent être celles du Tableau A.1 ; d) l'énergie de décharge ne dépasse pas 350 mJ. NOTE 1 Même si la conformité aux exigences de cette Norme Européenne n’est pas nécessaire si l’une des conditions ci-dessus est satisfaite, d’autres risques potentiels tels que le risque d’incendie ou d’explosion doivent être pris en compte et des mesures appropriées doivent être prises. NOTE 2 Réf 1.2 b) & 1.2 d): les valeurs pour le courant résultant de 3 mA efficaces ou 12 mA continus et l’énergie de décharge de 350 mJ sont en conformité avec les valeurs pour les travaux sous tension telles que spécifiées dans la EN 50110 1. Ces valeurs sont aussi en conformité avec les valeurs spécifiées dans la TS/CEI 60479 1. 1.3 La présente Norme Européenne ne concerne pas l’alimentation électrique générale destinée aux installations d’essais. Dans ce cas, on doit alors appliquer les documents de la série HD 60384 (pour les tensions nominales jusqu'à 1 000 V) ou le HD 637 (pour les tensions nominales supérieures à 1 kV) pour l'installation, et la EN 50110 1 pour l'exploitation. 1.4 Dans les cas où la présente Norme Européenne n'impose aucune prescription, les documents de la série HD 60384 (pour les tensions nominales jusqu'à 1 000 V) ou le HD 637 (pour les tensions nominales au-delà de 1 kV) sont applicables pour les installations d'essais, et la EN 50110 1 s'applique pour l'exploitation d'une installation électrique d'essais.
Namestitev in delovanje električne preskusne opreme
Ta evropski standard velja za namestitev in delovanje fiksnih in začasnih električnih preskusnih inštalacij. Skladnost s tem evropskim standardom ni potrebna, če stik z živimi deli ne pomeni nevarnosti. To je tako, kadar je eden izmed naslednjih pogojev izpolnjen pri živih izpostavljenih točkah: a) napetost pri frekvencah nad 500 Hz ni večja od 25 V izmeničnega toka ali 60 V enosmernega toka in je v skladu z zahtevami za SELV ali PELV v skladu s HD 6034-4-41; b)ob napetostih pri frekvencah do 500 Hz, ki presegajo 25 V izmeničnega toka ali 60 V enosmernega toka, posledični tok skozi upor, ki ni induktiven in znaša 2 kO, ne presega 3 mA izmeničnega toka (r.m.s) ali 12 mA enosmernega toka; c) pri frekvencah, večjih od 500 Hz, veljajo državno določene vrednosti toka in napetosti. Če ni državnih zahtev, se lahko vzamejo referenčne vrednosti za dovoljene tokove in kontaktne napetosti iz preglednice A.1; d) energija razelektritve ne presega 350 mJ.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 50191:2010
01-december-2010
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 50191:2001
1DPHVWLWHYLQGHORYDQMHHOHNWULþQHSUHVNXVQHRSUHPH
Erection and operation of electrical test equipment
Errichten und Betreiben elektrischer Prüfanlagen
Installation et exploitation des équipements électriques d'essais
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 50191:2010
ICS:
19.080 (OHNWULþQRLQHOHNWURQVNR Electrical and electronic
SUHVNXãDQMH testing
SIST EN 50191:2010 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 50191:2010
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SIST EN 50191:2010
EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN 50191
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2010
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 17.220.20; 19.080; 29.020 Supersedes EN 50191:2000
English version
Erection and operation of electrical test equipment
Installation et exploitation des Errichten und Betreiben elektrischer
équipements électriques d'essais Prüfanlagen
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2010-10-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply
with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on
application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified
to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2010 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. EN 50191:2010 E
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SIST EN 50191:2010
EN 50191:2010 – 2 –
Foreword
This European Standard was prepared by CENELEC BTTF 128-2, Erection and operation of electrical
test equipment. It was submitted to the formal vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 50191 on
2010-10-01.
This document supersedes EN 50191:2000.
The principal changes compared to EN 50191:2000 are as follows (minor changes are not listed):
– Update of the normative references;
– 3.12 electrically skilled person (modified definition);
– 4.1 Structure of test installation changed;
– 4.2.1 Electro-optical safety device specified;
– 4.3.5 Requirements for RCM specified;
– 4.7 associate the additional requirements when using safety test probes;
– 5.2 time of repetition of instruction specified to one year.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
The following dates were fixed:
– latest date by which the EN has to be implemented
at national level by publication of an identical
national standard or by endorsement
(dop) 2011-10-01
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting
with the EN have to be withdrawn
(dow) 2013-10-01
__________
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Contents
Introduction . 4
1 Scope . 5
2 Normative references . 5
3 Terms and definitions. 6
4 Erection of test installations . 8
4.1 General . 8
4.2 Test stations with automatic protection against direct contact . 11
4.3 Test stations without automatic protection against direct contact . 11
4.4 Test laboratories and experimental stations . 12
4.5 Temporary test station . 13
4.6 Test station without test personnel in permanent attendance . 13
4.7 Additional requirements when using safety test probes . 13
5 Operation of test installations . 14
5.1 General . 14
5.2 Personnel . 14
5.3 Preparation of tests, switching operations in test stations . 15
5.4 Performance of tests . 16
Annex A (normative) Tables . 17
Annex B (informative) Example of an application illustrating the prohibition zone and test
area . 21
Bibliography . 23
Figures
Figure 1 – Measurement of discharge current. 14
Figure A.1 – Clarification of the dimensions stated in Table A.3 . 19
Figure B.1 – Prohibition zone and test area in a test laboratory . 22
Tables
Table A.1 – Reference values for permissible sinusoidal body currents and contact voltages at
frequencies > 500 Hz . 17
Table A.2 – Prohibition zone (s) dependent on test voltages to earth (U) . 18
Table A.3 – Horizontal distance between the barrier and the prohibition zone in relation to the height
of the barrier and the distance of the danger point from the floor . 19
Table A.4 – Minimum distance between openings in the barrier and the prohibition zone in relation
to the width of the opening . 20
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EN 50191:2010 – 4 –
Introduction
With reference to Clause 5 of this European Standard, prepared in the field of application of Article 137
of the EC Treaty, the user should be aware that standards have no formal legal relationship with
Directives which may have been made under Article 137 of the Treaty. In addition, national legislation
in the Member States may contain more stringent requirements than the minimum requirements of a
Directive based on Article 137 of the Treaty. Information on the relationship between the national
legislation implementing Directives based on Article 137 of the Treaty and this European Standard may
be given in a national foreword of the national standard implementing this European Standard.
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1 Scope
1.1 This European Standard is applicable to the erection and operation of fixed and temporary
electrical test installations.
1.2 Compliance with this European Standard is not necessary, if contact with live parts presents no
danger. This is the case when one of the following conditions is satisfied at live exposed points:
a) the voltage at frequencies above 500 Hz does not exceed 25 V a.c. or 60 V d.c. and complies with
the requirements for SELV or for PELV in accordance with HD 60364-4-41;
b) in case of voltages at frequencies up to 500 Hz exceeding 25 V a.c. or 60 V d.c., the resultant
current through a non-inductive resistance of 2 kΩ does not exceed 3 mA a.c. (r.m.s.) or
12 mA d.c;
c) at frequencies above 500 Hz the national determined current and voltage values shall be applied.
If there are no national requirements determined reference values for permissible body currents
and contact voltages can be taken from Table A.1;
d) the discharge energy does not exceed 350 mJ.
NOTE 1 Even though compliance with the requirements of this European Standard is not necessary, if one of the above-
mentioned conditions is satisfied, other potential risks e. g. risk of fire and explosion shall be considered and appropriate
measures be taken.
NOTE 2 Ref. 1.2 b) & 1.2 d): The values for the resultant current of 3 mA a.c. or 12 mA d.c. and the discharge energy of
350 mJ comply with the values for live working specified in EN 50110-1. These values also comply with the values specified in
IEC/TS 60479-1.
1.3 This European Standard does not apply to the power supply to the test installations. In this
case, the documents of the HD 60364 series (for nominal voltages up to 1 000 V) or HD 637 (for
nominal voltages exceeding 1 kV) are applicable to erection and EN 50110-1 is applicable to operation.
1.4 Where no requirements are given in this European Standard, the documents of the
HD 60364 series (for nominal voltages up to 1 000 V) or HD 637 (for nominal voltages exceeding 1 kV)
apply to the erection of electrical test installations and EN 50110-1 applies to the operation of electrical
test installations.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 13850:2008, Safety of machinery – Emergency stop – Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006)
EN 574:1996 + A1:2008, Safety of machinery – Two-hand control devices – Functional aspects –
Principles for design
EN 999, Safety of machinery – The positioning of protective equipment in respect of approach speeds
of parts of the human body
EN 50110-1, Operation of electrical installations
EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529)
EN 61140, Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installation and equipment
(IEC 61140)
EN 61219, Live working – Earthing or earthing and short-circuiting equipment using lances as short-
circuiting device – Lance earthing (IEC 61219)
EN 61230, Live working – Portable equipment for earthing or earthing and short-circuiting (IEC 61230)
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SIST EN 50191:2010
EN 50191:2010 – 6 –
EN 61310-1, Safety of machinery – Indication, marking and actuation – Part 1: Requirements for
visual, acoustic and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1)
EN 61558 series, Safety of power transformers, power supplies, reactors and similar products
(IEC 61558 series)
HD 60364 series, Electrical installations of buildings/Low-voltage electrical installations
(IEC 60364 series, mod.)
HD 60364-4-41:2007 , Electrical installations of buildings – Part 4: Protection for safety –
Chapter 41: Protection against electric shock (IEC 60364-4-41:2005, mod.)
HD 637, Power installations exceeding 1 kV a.c.
IEC 60050-826, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 826: Electrical installations
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
electrical test installations
(referred to in the following as test installations)
the entirety of all the test devices, test appliances and facilities combined for test purposes, by
means of which electrical tests are performed on test objects.
Types of test installations:
- test station;
- test laboratory or experimental station;
- temporary test installation
3.2
test station
appropriately identified test installation within a defined area. In test stations a distinction is made
between those with and those without automatic positive protection against direct contact
3.2.1
test station with automatic protection against direct contact
test station in which the test object and all live parts of the test installation have automatically
activated full protection against direct contact in an energized condition
NOTE 1 At a test station with automatic protection against direct contact, there is generally only one person employed, e. g. in
the line of series production or in electric workshops, repair and service shops.
NOTE 2 Automatic protection means that voltages can only occur when the safety devices are effective, e.g. when the cover
or door of the test station is closed.
3.2.2
test station without automatic protection against direct contact
test station in which parts of the test object or live parts of the test installation are not fully
protected against direct contact during testing. This includes, for instance, test areas in electric
workshops, laboratories, measurement and experimental areas
3.3
test laboratory
test installations with minimum one test station in a securely enclosed space or within an area
separated from adjacent work areas, in which several persons are generally employed on test
work on larger test objects remaining there for a longer period of time
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3.4
experimental station
test installations with minimum one test station for performing experiments or tests within the
scope of research and development work. In general, no routine tests are performed in
experimental stations
3.5
temporary test installation
test installation with minimum one test station erected for a short time in order to perform tests on
individual test objects
3.6
prohibition zone
volume around live parts which should not be breached if full protection against direct contact
with these parts is not provided
3.7
test area
area around the test assembly which is separated from the surrounding area
3.8
signal lights
lights which are clearly visible from outside the boundaries of the test area giving red or green
signals to indicate the operational status inside the test area
3.9
indicator lights
serve to indicate the switching status on the control panels. They are not an alternative to
required signal lights
3.10
risk
combination of the probability and the degree of the possible injury or damage to health of a
person exposed to a hazard or to hazards
3.11
electrical hazard
source of possible injury or damage to health in presence of electrical energy from an electrical
installation
3.12
(electrically) skilled person
person with relevant education, knowledge and experience to enable him or her to analyse risks
and to avoid hazards which electricity could create
[IEV 826-18-01, mod.]
3.13
(electrically)instructed person
person adequately advised by skilled persons to enable him or her to avoid dangers which electricity
may create
[IEV 826-18-02, mod.]
3.14
nominated person in control of a work activity
nominated person with ultimate responsibility for the work activity. Some of these duties can be
delegated to others as required
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EN 50191:2010 – 8 –
3.15 Operational status
3.15.1
out of operation
status when
a) all power supplies, signalling and control circuits are switched off and secured against
unauthorized switching-on,
b) all safety precautions necessary before entering the test area (for voltages exceeding 1 kV,
e.g. earthing, short-circuiting) have been taken
3.15.2
ready for operation
status when
a) the power supplies for the switchgear signalling and control circuits of the test installations
are switched on,
b) the green signal lights, where these are required in accordance with the provisions in
Clause 4, are on,
c) all power supplies for the test voltage are switched off and secured against unintentional
switching,
d) the safety precautions specified in 3.15.1 b) ("out of operation") are in force
3.15.3
ready to switch on
status when
a) all power supplies for the test voltage are switched off,
b) all entries to the test area are closed,
c) the red signal lights are switched on,
d) the safety precautions specified in 3.15.1 b) ("out of operation") are no longer in force
3.15.4
in operation
status when
a) all entries to the test area are closed,
b) the red signal lights are switched on,
c) one or more power supplies for the test voltage are switched on
NOTE In Clauses 4 and 5, the technical devices for setting up the operational status “ready for operation” and “ready to
switch on” are only required for certain test installations with voltages exceeding 1 kV.
4 Erection of test installations
4.1 General
Test installations shall be performed and erected as a
- test station,
- test laboratory or experimental station,
- temporary test installation.
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4.1.1 Protection against electric shock
4.1.1.1 Test assembly
The test assembly shall be so arranged and designed that the protection against direct contact is
secured by insulation of live parts, covers, enclosures, obstacles or safe distances. A safe distance is
ensured, when the person carrying out the tests cannot reach the prohibition zone with parts of his/her
body or tools. Safety can also be satisfied by means of a two-hand control device or the use of two
safety test probes to apply the test voltage. Test leads with full protection against direct contact shall be
used. Two-hand control devices shall comply with EN 574:1996 + A1:2008, Type II or IIIB. Where
several persons are involved in a test, a two-hand control device shall be provided for each person of
the test personnel and which are so connected that all the two hand controls are required to be
operated before the test supplies can be energised.
Safety test probes shall have the adequate insulation level for the applied test voltage. No clamping
devices shall be permitted for this purpose.
In case of measuring instruments and auxiliary appliances of protection Class I EN 61140 (e.g.
cathode ray oscilloscope, sine wave generator), where the protective conductor is interrupted to
facilitate testing, e.g. because the enclosure has to be isolated from earth potential, the appliance shall
be supplied from an isolating transformer in accordance with EN 61558 series.
If a circuit and/or the enclosure of a measuring instrument or an auxiliary appliance designed for mains
connection is connected to live parts of the test assembly which can carry voltage to earth, then the
internal insulation of the supplying isolating transformer shall be rated at least for this voltage.
An effective protective measure for fault protection (protection against indirect contact) shall be
provided (see HD 60364-4-41,Clause 411.3).
The test object shall be isolated from earth. If this is technically not possible e.g. due to the weight of
the test object, than the test assembly shall be so designed and arranged in order to prevent the
transfer of voltage to extraneous conductive parts.
Test table boards shall be made of insulating materials.
4.1.1.2 Prohibition zone
The boundary of the prohibition zone shall be determined in accordance with Table A.2 and is
dependent on the test voltage.
In case of voltages up to 1 000 V, the surface of the live part is considered to be the boundary of the
prohibition zone. In case of voltages exceeding 1 kV, reaching the prohibition zone is considered equal
to touching live parts.
4.1.1.3 Barriers, test area
Test areas shall be separated from work areas and passageways. The barriers shall be so designed
as to
– prevent access to the test area by persons other than the test persons,
– prevent persons, other than the test persons, from reaching the prohibition zone,
– prevent persons outside the barrier from reaching the operating devices of test installations which
are located inside the barrier.
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EN 50191:2010 – 10 –
The minimum distance between the barrier enclosing the test area and the boundary of the prohibition
zone or operation devices shall be determined in accordance with Figure A.1 and Table A.3. In case of
grid barriers, the minimum distance between the barrier and the prohibition zone shall comply with
Table A.4 at any opening, where it is possible to reach through the barrier.
Barriers made of conductive materials shall be earthed or other measures shall be taken for fault
protection (protection against indirect contact).
4.1.1.4 Mechanical means of protection
Mechanical means of protection shall be adequately strong.
4.1.2 Indicator lights, signal lights and signs
4.1.2.1 The test installations controls and test circuits shall be clearly identified.
4.1.2.2 Test installations shall have devices which indicate the switching status (e.g. by indicator lights)
and the operational status (by signal lights).
4.1.2.3 Test installations and test areas shall be clearly and visibly indicated by means of warning
signs.
4.1.3 Emergency switching off
Test installations shall be provided with means for emergency switching off in order to cut off all
electrical energy which could result in danger. The devices or equipment shall be in accordance with
the requirements of EN ISO 13850:2008. An adequate number of manual controls shall be provided
inside and outside the test area as appropriate to the size of the area and complexity of layout.
Connection points, e.g. outlets of the general power supply within the test area, shall be identified
accordingly, if they are not interrupted by the emergency switching off equipment.
4.1.4 Preventing unauthorized and unintentional switching-on
Test installations shall be secured against unauthorized and unintentional switching-on of test circuits.
Manual controls shall be clearly correlated to the respective test circuits.
4.1.5 Preventing automatic energizing
Automatic energizing of test circuits shall be prevented when mains voltage recovers after a power
failure.
4.1.6 Protection against residual voltages and transfer of voltages
4.1.6.1 If there is a likelihood of danger due to residual voltages after switching-off test circuits, suit-
able devices or equipment shall be provided for a safe discharge of energy.
4.1.6.2 Transfer of voltage to accessible conductive parts outside the test area shall be prevented by
adequate measures – e.g. earthing, shielding, appropriate cable routing – or these conductive parts
shall be protected against direct contact.
4.1.7 Protective measures against other hazards
Appropriate means of protection shall be provided, in cases where in addition to dangers due to
voltages other hazards are to be expected, e.g. due to arcs, noise, explosion, radiation, flying parts,
formation of gas, fire, dangerous substances.
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4.2 Test stations with automatic protection against direct contact
4.2.1 The protection against direct contact in accordance with 4.1.1.1 must be satisfied by insulation
of live parts, covers or enclosures. The means of protection against direct contact shall guarantee at
least the defined degree of protection IP3X in accordance with EN 60529 and include all parts of the
test object.
It shall not be possible to switch on the test voltages until the means of protection are fully operational
and functioning correctly. Opening the means of protection must disconnect the test voltage
automatically. Residual voltages shall be automatically reduced to a non-hazardous level before live
parts can be touched.
Single fault conditions shall not prevent the test voltages from being switched-off when the means of
protection are opened. The fault occurrence shall ensure that it is impossible to switch on the test
voltages again. It shall not be possible to bypass the means of protection in an easy way.
If parts of the enclosure at the operation side are replaced by an electro-optical safety device (light
barrier) with a beam distance of not more than 14 mm, then in this case, the degree of protection IP3X
may be omitted for this part of the enclosure. The safety distance between the detection zone and
prohibition zone shall be large enough, so that the prohibition zone cannot be reached while breaching
into the detection zone. While investigating the safety distances at least the test probe for the degree of
protection IPXXC in accordance with EN 60529 (test probe 2,5) shall be applied. In addition, the
approach speed and the required used tools and materials within the installation, the respond time of
the protection device and switching devices shall be considered (EN 999).
4.2.2 The degree of protection against direct contact IP3X may be omitted if the enclosure complies
with the following requirements:
- means of protection for the automatic protection against direct contact shall be solid walls or
barrier grids (side length or diameter of the openings not exceeding 40 mm) at least 1 800 mm
high;
- the test enclosure must be equipped with devices which do not permit doors to the test area to be
opened until the test voltage has been switched off and secured against being switched on again
and – if necessary – earthed and short-circuited. It shall not be possible to disable these protective
measures until the doors have been closed.
4.2.3 The measures, required in 4.2.1, may be omitted in exceptional cases, if the test object and all
live parts are fully protected against direct contact and a measure for fault protection (protection
against indirect contact) is efficient for the test object and the test installation during the test.
4.2.4 In the case of test stations with automatic protection against direct contact in accordance to
4.2.1 and 4.2.3, barriers in accordance with 4.1.1.3, emergency switching off devices in accordance
with 4.1.3 and signal lights in accordance to 4.1.2.2 may be omitted.
4.3 Test stations without automatic protection against direct contact
4.3.1 Test stations without automatic protection against direct contact shall only be installed if the
erection of test stations with automatic protection against direct contact is not practicable, e.g.:
- due to frequently changing test duties;
- in case of varying types of test objects;
- in case of serious difficulties in performing the work;
- when test duties occur only occasionally.
4.3.2 The barriers in accordance with 4.1.1.3 may be e.g. walls, grids, tapes, ropes, chains or bars
subject to national regulations. They shall be so designed that visual and audible contact with the
operator can be maintained from outside at all times.
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SIST EN 50191:2010
EN 50191:2010 – 12 –
4.3.3 At least one emergency switching device shall be installed outside the test areas.
4.3.4 An adequate number of red and green signal lights (see Annex B), indicating the operational
status, shall be installed. The green signal lights are not required in case of voltages up to 1 000 V.
4.3.5 If test circuits are electrically connected to the general power supply system, additional
protection shall be provided by means of a residual current protective device (RCD) at a rated residual
current I ≤ 30 mA. If the residual current includes d.c. components, an appropriate RCD shall be
∆N
used.
If, due to test tasks, an additional protection by means of a RCD is not possible, than a residual current
monitoring device (RCM) with a rated residual current I ≤ 30 mA shall be used. By exceeding the
∆N
rated residual current the switch off time shall not exceed the switch off time of a RCD. A supply
voltage breakdown of RCM must cause a swich off of the test circuit.
4.3.6 Electrical equipment, e.g. measuring instruments,
...
SLOVENSKI SIST EN 50191
STANDARD december 2010
Namestitev in delovanje električne preskusne opreme
Erection and operation of electrical test equipment
Errichten und Betreiben elektrischer Prüfanlagen
Installation et exploitation des équipements électriques d'essais
Referenčna oznaka
ICS 19.080 SIST EN 50191:2010 (sl)
Nadaljevanje na straneh II in III ter od 1 do 23
© 2023-04: Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje ali kopiranje celote ali delov tega dokumenta ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 50191 : 2010
NACIONALNI UVOD
Standard SIST EN 50191 (sl), Namestitev in delovanje električne preskusne opreme, 2010, ima status
slovenskega standarda in je istoveten evropskemu standardu EN 50191 (en), Erection and operation of
electrical test equipment, 2010.
Ta standard nadomešča SIST EN 50191:2001.
NACIONALNI PREDGOVOR
Evropski standard EN 50191 je pripravil tehnični odbor pri Evropskem komiteju za standardizacijo v
elektrotehniki CLC/BTTF 128-2, Namestitev in delovanje električne preskusne opreme. Slovenski
standard SIST EN 50191:2010 je prevod evropskega standarda EN 50191:2010. V primeru spora glede
besedila slovenskega prevoda v tem standardu je odločilen izvirni evropski standard v angleškem jeziku.
Slovensko izdajo standarda je potrdil Strokovni svet SIST za področja elektrotehnike, informacijske
tehnologije in telekomunikacij.
Odločitev za privzem tega standarda je decembra 2010 sprejel Strokovni svet SIST za področja
elektrotehnike, informacijske tehnologije in telekomunikacij.
ZVEZA S STANDARDI
S privzemom tega evropskega standarda veljajo za omejeni namen referenčnih standardov vsi
standardi, navedeni v izvirniku, razen tistih, ki so že sprejeti v nacionalno standardizacijo:
SIST EN ISO 13850:2008 Varnost strojev – Zaustavitev v sili – Načela načrtovanja
(ISO 13850:2006)
SIST EN 574:1998+A1:2008 Varnost strojev – Dvoročne krmilne naprave – Funkcionalni vidiki –
Načela načrtovanja
SIST EN 999 Varnost strojev – Postavitev zaščitne opreme glede na hitrost
približevanja delov človeškega telesa
SIST EN 50110-1 Obratovanje električnih postrojev
SIST EN 60529 Stopnja zaščite, ki jo zagotavlja ohišje (koda IP)
(IEC 60529)
SIST EN 61140 Zaščita pred električnim udarom – Skupni vidiki za inštalacijo in opremo
(IEC 61140)
SIST EN 61219 Delo pod napetostjo – Oprema za ozemljitev ali ozemljitev in
kratkostičenje, ki kot kratkostično napravo uporablja ozemljitveno palico
– Ozemljitev z ozemljitveno palico (IEC 61219)
SIST EN 61230 Delo pod napetostjo – Prenosna oprema za ozemljitev ali ozemljitev in
kratkostičenje (IEC 61230)
SIST EN 61310-1 Varnost strojev – Javljanje, označevanje in upravljanje –
1. del: Zahteve za vidne, zvočne in otipljive signale (IEC 61310-1)
SIST EN 61558, skupina Varnost močnostnih transformatorjev, napajalnikov, dušilk in podobnih
izdelkov (IEC 61558, skupina)
SIST HD 60364, skupina Električne inštalacije zgradb/Nizkonapetostne električne inštalacije
(IEC 60364, skupina, spremenjen)
SIST HD 60364-4-41:2007 Nizkonapetostne električne inštalacije – 4-41. del: Zaščitni ukrepi –
Zaščita pred električnim udarom (IEC 60364-4-41:2005, spremenjen)
SIST HD 637 S1 Elektroenergetski postroji z napetostmi nad 1 kV izmenične napetosti
SIST IEC 60050-826 Mednarodni elektrotehniški slovar – 826. del: Električne inštalacije
II
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SIST EN 50191 : 2010
PREDHODNA IZDAJA
– SIST EN 50191:2001 (en), Namestitev in delovanje električne preskusne opreme
OPOMBE
– Povsod, kjer se v besedilu standarda uporablja izraz "evropski standard" ali "mednarodni standard",
v SIST EN 50191:2010 to pomeni "slovenski standard".
– Nacionalni uvod in nacionalni predgovor nista sestavni del standarda.
– Ta nacionalni dokument je istoveten EN 50191:2010 in je objavljen z dovoljenjem
CENELEC
Evropski komite za standardizacijo v elektrotehniki
Upravni center: Avenue Marnix 17
B - 1000 Bruselj
This national document is identical with EN 50191:2010 and is published with the permission of
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17
B - 1000 Brussels
III
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SIST EN 50191 : 2010
IV
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EVROPSKI STANDARD
EN 50191
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
oktober 2010
ICS 17.220.20; 19.080; 29.020 Nadomešča EN 50191:2000
Slovenska izdaja
Namestitev in delovanje električne preskusne opreme
Erection and operation of Installation et exploitation des Errichten und Betreiben
electrical test equipment équipements électriques elektrischer Prüfanlagen
d'essais
Ta evropski standard je CENELEC sprejel 1. oktobra 2010. Člani CENELEC morajo izpolnjevati
notranje predpise CEN/CENELEC, s katerimi je predpisano, da mora biti ta evropski standard sprejet
kot nacionalni standard brez kakršnihkoli sprememb.
Najnovejši seznami teh nacionalnih standardov z njihovimi bibliografskimi podatki se na zahtevo
lahko dobijo pri Centralnem sekretariatu ali kateremkoli članu CENELEC.
Ta evropski standard obstaja v treh uradnih izdajah (angleški, francoski in nemški). Izdaje v drugih
jezikih, ki jih člani CENELEC na lastno odgovornost prevedejo in izdajo ter prijavijo pri Centralnem
sekretariatu, imajo enak status kot uradne izdaje.
Člani CENELEC so nacionalni elektrotehnični odbori: Avstrije, Belgije, Bolgarije, Cipra, Češke
republike, Danske, Estonije, Finske, Francije, Nemčije, Grčije, Hrvaške, Madžarske, Islandije, Irske,
Italije, Latvije, Litve, Luksemburga, Malte, Nizozemske, Norveške, Poljske, Portugalske, Romunije,
Slovaške, Slovenije, Španije, Švedske, Švice in Združenega kraljestva.
CENELEC
Evropski komite za standardizacijo v elektrotehniki
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Electrotechnische Normung
Upravni center: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Bruselj
© 2010 CENELEC Vse pravice do izkoriščanja v kakršnikoli obliki in na kakršenkoli Ref. oznaka EN 50191:2010 E
način imajo nacionalni člani CENELEC.
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SIST EN 50191 : 2010
VSEBINA Stran
Predgovor . 3
Uvod . 4
1 Področje uporabe . 5
2 Zveze s standardi . 5
3 Izrazi in definicije . 6
4 Namestitev preskusnih postrojev . 8
4.1 Splošno . 8
4.2 Preskusne postaje s samodejno zaščito pred neposrednim dotikom . 10
4.3 Preskusne postaje brez samodejne zaščite pred neposrednim dotikom . 11
4.4 Preskusni laboratoriji in poskusne postaje . 12
4.5 Začasna preskusna postaja . 13
4.6 Preskusna postaja brez stalne prisotnosti preskusnega osebja . 13
4.7 Dodatne zahteve pri uporabi varnostnih preskusnih tipalk . 13
5 Obratovanje preskusnih postrojev . 14
5.1 Splošno . 14
5.2 Osebje . 14
5.3 Priprava preskusov, stikalni manevri v preskusnih postajah . 15
5.4 Izvajanje preskusov . 16
Dodatek A (normativni): Preglednice . 17
Dodatek B (informativni): Primer uporabe s prikazom prepovedane cone in preskuševališča . 21
Literatura. 23
Slike
Slika 1: Meritev praznilnega (razelektritvenega) toka . 14
Slika A.1: Pojasnitev mer, podanih v preglednici A.3 . 19
Slika B.1: Prepovedana cona in preskuševališče v preskusnem laboratoriju . 22
Preglednice
Preglednica A.1: Referenčne vrednosti za dopustne sinusne toke skozi telo in napetosti stika
pri frekvencah > 500 Hz . 17
Preglednica A.2: Odvisnost prepovedane(-nih) cone(-) od preskusnih napetosti proti zemlji (U) . 18
Preglednica A.3: Vodoravna razdalja med pregrado in prepovedano cono glede na višino
pregrade in oddaljenost nevarne točke od tal . 19
Preglednica A.4: Najmanjša razdalja med odprtinami v pregradi in prepovedano cono glede
na širino odprtine . 20
2
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SIST EN 50191 : 2010
Predgovor
Ta evropski standard je pripravil CENELEC BTTF 128-2, Namestitev in obratovanje električne
preskusne opreme. Predložen je bil v formalno glasovanje in ga je CENELEC potrdil kot EN 50191 dne
2010-10-01.
Ta dokument nadomešča EN 50191:2000.
Glavne spremembe v primerjavi z EN 50191:2000 so naslednje (manjše spremembe niso naštete):
– posodobitev zvez s standardi;
– 3.12 elektrotehniško strokovna oseba (spremenjena definicija);
– 4.1 spremenjena struktura preskusnega postroja;
– 4.2.1 določene so elektrooptične varnostne naprave;
– 4.3.5 določene so zahteve za RCM;
– 4.7 dodatne zahteve pri uporabi varnostnih preskusnih tipalk;
– 5.2 enkrat letno je določen čas za osvežitev znanja.
Opozoriti je treba na možnost, da so lahko nekateri elementi tega dokumenta predmet patentnih pravic.
CEN in CENELEC nista odgovorna za ugotavljanje katerekoli ali vseh takih patentnih pravic.
Določena sta bila naslednja datuma:
– zadnji datum, do katerega mora biti EN privzet na (dop) 2011-10-01
nacionalni ravni z objavo istovetnega
nacionalnega standarda ali z razglasitvijo
– zadnji datum, do katerega je treba razveljaviti (dow) 2013-10-01
nacionalne standarde, ki so v nasprotju z EN
3
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SIST EN 50191 : 2010
Uvod
V zvezi s 5. poglavjem tega evropskega standarda, pripravljenega na podlagi zahteve 137. člena
Pogodbe ES, naj se uporabnik zaveda, da standardi nimajo formalne pravne povezave z direktivami, ki
so bile morda pripravljene na podlagi 137. člena Pogodbe ES. Poleg tega lahko nacionalna zakonodaja
v državah članicah vsebuje strožje zahteve od minimalnih zahtev, navednih v direktivi na podlagi 137.
člena pogodbe ES. Informacije o povezavi med nacionalno zakonodajo za izvajanje direktiv na podlagi
137. člena Pogodbe in tem evropskim standardom so lahko podane v nacionalnem predgovoru
nacionalnega standarda, ki uvaja ta evropski standard.
4
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SIST EN 50191 : 2010
1 Področje uporabe
1.1 Ta evropski standard se uporablja za namestitev in obratovanje stalnih in začasnih električnih
preskusnih postrojev.
1.2 Skladnost s tem evropskim standardom ni potrebna, če dotik delov pod napetostjo ne pomeni
nobene nevarnosti. To je v primeru, ko izpostavljene točke pod napetostjo zadostijo enemu od
naslednjih pogojev:
a) napetost pri frekvencah nad 500 Hz ne preseže 25 V a.c. ali 60 V d.c. in je skladna z zahtevami za
SELV ali PELV v skladu s HD 60364-4-41;
b) v primeru, če napetosti pri frekvencah do vključno 500 Hz presegajo 25 V a.c. ali 60 V d.c., tok, ki
teče skozi neinduktivni upor 2 kΩ, ne presega 3 mA a.c. (efektivno) ali 12 mA d.c;
c) pri frekvencah nad 500 Hz je treba uporabiti nacionalno določene vrednosti toka in napetosti. Če
ni nacionalnih zahtev, ki določajo referenčne vrednosti za dovoljene toke skozi telo in napetosti
dotika, se lahko vrednosti vzamejo iz preglednice A.1;
d) razelektritvena energija ne presega 350 mJ.
OPOMBA 1: Čeprav skladnost z zahtevami tega evropskega standarda ni nujna, kadar je izpolnjen eden od zgoraj navedenih
pogojev, je treba upoštevati druga potencialna tveganja, npr. nevarnost požara in eksplozije, in sprejeti ustrezne
ukrepe.
OPOMBA 2: Sklic na 1.2 b) & 1.2 d): Vrednosti za posledični tok 3 mA a.c. ali 12 mA d.c. in razelektritveno energijo 350 mJ
ustrezajo vrednostim za delo pod napetostjo, ki so podane v EN 50110-1. Te vrednosti prav tako ustrezajo
vrednostim, ki so podane v IEC/TS 60479-1.
1.3 Ta evropski standard se ne uporablja za napajanje preskusnih postrojev. V tem primeru se za
namestitev uporabljajo dokumenti skupine HD 60364 (za nazivne napetosti do vključno 1000 V) ali
HD 637 (za nazivne napetosti nad 1 kV) in EN 50110-1 za obratovanje.
1.4 Kjer ta evropski standard ne podaja nobenih zahtev, se za namestitev električnega preskusnega
postroja uporabljajo dokumenti skupine HD 60364 (za nazivne napetosti do vključno 1000 V) ali HD 637
(za nazivne napetosti nad 1 kV) in EN 50110-1 za obratovanje električnega preskusnega postroja.
2 Zveze s standardi
Za uporabo tega standarda so nujno potrebni spodaj navedeni referenčni dokumenti. Pri datiranih
sklicevanjih velja samo navedena izdaja. Pri nedatiranih sklicevanjih se uporablja zadnja izdaja
referenčnega dokumenta (vključno z vsemi dopolnili).
EN ISO 13850:2008 Varnost strojev – Zaustavitev v sili – Načela načrtovanja (ISO 13850:2006)
EN 574:1996 + A1:2008 Varnost strojev – Dvoročne krmilne naprave – Funkcionalni vidiki – Načela
načrtovanja
EN 999 Varnost strojev – Postavitev zaščitne opreme glede na hitrost približevanja
delov človeškega telesa
EN 50110-1 Obratovanje električnih postrojev
EN 60529 Stopnja zaščite, ki jo zagotavlja ohišje (koda IP) (IEC 60529)
EN 61140 Zaščita pred električnim udarom – Skupni vidiki za inštalacijo in opremo
(IEC 61140)
EN 61219 Delo pod napetostjo – Oprema za ozemljitev ali za ozemljitev in kratkostičenje,
ki kot kratkostično napravo uporablja ozemljitvene palice – Ozemljitev z
ozemljitveno palico (IEC 61219)
EN 61230 Delo pod napetostjo – Prenosna oprema za ozemljitev ali ozemljitev in
kratkostičenje (IEC 61230)
5
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SIST EN 50191 : 2010
EN 61310-1 Varnost strojev – Javljanje, označevanje in upravljanje – 1. del: Zahteve za
vidne, zvočne in otipljive signale (IEC 61310-1)
EN 61558, skupina Varnost močnostnih transformatorjev, napajalnikov, dušilk in podobnih
izdelkov (IEC 61558, skupina)
HD 60364, skupina Električne inštalacije zgradb/Nizkonapetostne električne inštalacije (IEC
60364, skupina, spremenjen)
HD 60364-4-41: 2007 Nizkonapetostne električne inštalacije – 4. del: Zaščitni ukrepi – Poglavje 41:
Zaščita pred električnim udarom (IEC 60364-4-41:2005, spremenjen)
HD 637 Elektroenergetske naprave nad 1 kV izmenične napetosti
IEC 60050-826 Mednarodni elektrotehniški slovar – 826. del: Električne inštalacije
3 Izrazi in definicije
Za namene tega dokumenta se uporabljajo naslednji izrazi in definicije.
3.1
električni preskusni postroji
(v nadaljevanju: preskusni postroji)
skupaj vse preskuse naprave, preskusni aparati in sredstva, kombinirani za namene preskušanja s
sredstvi, katerih električni preskusi se izvajajo na preskušancih
Vrste preskusnih postrojev:
– preskusna postaja,
– preskusni laboratorij ali poskusna postaja,
– začasen preskusni postroj.
3.2
preskusna postaja
ustrezno opredeljen preskusni postroj znotraj določenega področja. V preskusnih postajah je izvedeno
razlikovanje med postroji s samodejno pozitivno zaščito pred neposrednim dotikom in postroji brez
samodejne pozitivne zaščite pred neposrednim dotikom
3.2.1
preskusna postaja s samodejno zaščito pred neposrednim dotikom
preskusna postaja, pri kateri imajo preskušanec in vsi deli preskusnega postroja pod napetostjo
samodejno vključeno popolno zaščito pred neposrednim dotikom, kadar so pod napajanjem
OPOMBA 1: Pri preskusni postaji s samodejno zaščito pred neposrednim dotikom je navadno zaposlena ena oseba, npr. na
liniji serijske proizvodnje ali v električnih delavnicah, servisnih delavnicah in popravljalnicah.
OPOMBA 2: Samodejna zaščita pomeni, da se lahko napetosti pojavijo samo, kadar so uporabljene varnostne naprave, npr.
kadar je pokrov zaprt ali so zaprta vrata preskusne postaje.
3.2.2
preskusna postaja brez samodejne zaščite pred neposrednim dotikom
preskusna postaja, pri kateri deli preskušanca ali deli preskusnega postroja pod napetostjo med
preskušanjem niso popolnoma zaščiteni pred neposrednim dotikom. To vključuje npr. preskuševališča
v električnih delavnicah, laboratorije, merilna in poskusna področja
3.3
preskusni laboratorij
preskusni postroji z najmanj eno preskusno postajo v varno zaprtem prostoru ali znotraj območja,
ločenega od sosednjih delovnih področij, v kateri je običajno s preskušanjem večjih preskušancev
zaposlenih več oseb in tam ostajajo dalj časa
6
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SIST EN 50191 : 2010
3.4
poskusna postaja
preskusni postroji z najmanj eno preskusno postajo za izvajanje poskusov ali preskusov v okviru
raziskav in razvoja. Na splošno se v poskusnih postajah ne izvajajo nobeni kosovni preskusi
3.5
začasen preskusni postroj
preskusni postroj z najmanj eno preskusno postajo, postavljen za kratek čas z namenom izvajanja
preskusov na posameznih preskušancih
3.6
prepovedana cona
prostor okoli delov pod napetostjo, ki ga ni dovoljeno prestopiti, če ni zagotovljena popolna zaščita teh
delov pred neposrednim dotikom
3.7
preskuševališče
področje okoli preskusnega sestava, ki je ločeno od okolice
3.8
signalne luči
luči, jasno vidne z zunanje strani meja preskuševališča, ki z rdečimi ali zelenimi signali javljajo o
obratovalnem stanju znotraj preskuševališča
3.9
indikatorske luči
označujejo stikalno stanje na upravljalnih ploščah. Niso alternativa zahtevanim signalnim lučem
3.10
tveganje
kombinacija verjetnosti in stopnje možnosti poškodb ali ogrožanja zdravja osebe, izpostavljene
nevarnosti ali nevarnostim
3.11
električna ogroženost
vir možne poškodbe ali ogrožanja zdravja v prisotnosti električne energije iz električnega postroja
3.12
(elektrotehniško) strokovna oseba
oseba z ustrezno izobrazbo, znanjem in izkušnjami, kar njemu ali njej omogoča analizo tveganj in
izogibanje nevarnostim, ki jih lahko ustvari elektrika
[IEV 826-18-01, spremenjen]
3.13
(elektrotehniško) poučena oseba
oseba, ki ji strokovna oseba ustrezno svetuje, kar njemu ali njej omogoči izogibanje nevarnostim, ki jih
lahko ustvari elektrika
[IEV 826-18-02, spremenjen]
3.14
pooblaščena oseba za nadzor izvajanja dela
pooblaščena oseba s končno odgovornostjo za delovno aktivnost. Nekaj od teh zadolžitev se lahko po
potrebi prenese na druge
7
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SIST EN 50191 : 2010
3.15 Stanje obratovanja
3.15.1
ne obratuje
stanje, kadar so:
a) vsi napajalniki, signalizacijski in krmilni tokokrogi izključeni in zavarovani pred nepooblaščenim
vklopom,
b) bili izvedeni vsi varnostni zaščitni ukrepi, potrebni pred vstopom v preskuševališče (za napetosti
nad 1 kV, npr. ozemljitev, kratkostičenje)
3.15.2
pripravljen za obratovanje
stanje, kadar so:
a) vključeni napajalniki za signalizacijske in krmilne tokokroge stikalnih naprav preskusnih postrojev,
b) vključene zelene signalne luči, kjer so zahtevane v skladu z določili iz 4. poglavja,
c) vsi napajalniki za preskusno napetost izključeni in zavarovani pred nenamernim preklapljanjem,
d) uveljavljeni zaščitni ukrepi, podani v 3.15.1 b) ("ne obratuje")
3.15.3
pripravljen za vklop
stanje, kadar:
a) so vsi napajalniki za preskusno napetost izključeni,
b) so zaprti vsi vhodi v preskuševališče,
c) so vključene rdeče signalne luči,
d) ne veljajo več zaščitni ukrepi, podani v 3.15.1 b) ("ne obratuje")
3.15.4
v obratovanju/obratuje
stanje, kadar:
a) so zaprti vsi vhodi v preskuševališče,
b) so vključene rdeče signalne luči,
c) je vključen en ali več napajalnikov za preskusno napetost
OPOMBA: V 4. in 5. poglavju so tehnične naprave za nastavljanje obratovalnega stanja "pripravljen za obratovanje" in
"pripravljen za vklop" zahtevane samo za določene preskusne postroje z napetostmi nad 1 kV.
4 Namestitev preskusnih postrojev
4.1 Splošno
Preskusne postroje je treba izvesti in namestiti kot:
‒ preskusno postajo,
‒ preskusni laboratorij ali poskusno postajo,
‒ začasen preskusni postroj.
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SIST EN 50191 : 2010
4.1.1 Zaščita pred električnim udarom
4.1.1.1 Preskusni sestav
Preskusni sestav mora biti razporejen in zasnovan tako, da je zagotovljena zaščita pred neposrednim
stikom z izolacijo delov pod napetostjo, s pokrovi, ohišji, ovirami ali varnostnimi razdaljami. Varnostna
razdalja je zagotovljena, kadar oseba, ki izvaja preskuse, ne more doseči prepovedane cone z deli
svojega telesa ali orodji. Varnosti je lahko prav tako zadoščeno z ukrepom dvoročne krmilne naprave
ali uporabo dveh preskusnih tipalk za dovod preskusne napetosti. Uporabiti je treba merilne vezi s
popolno zaščito pred neposrednim dotikom. Dvoročne krmilne naprave morajo ustrezati tipu II ali IIIB iz
EN 574:1996 + A1:2008. Kjer pri preskusu sodeluje več oseb, je treba dvoročne krmilne naprave
zagotoviti za vsako osebo preskusnega osebja in jih povezati tako, da je obratovanje vseh dvoročnih
krmiljenj obvezno, preden napajanje dobijo preskusni napajalniki.
Varnostne preskusne tipalke morajo imeti primeren izolacijski nivo za pritisnjeno preskusno napetost.
Za ta namen niso dovoljena vpenjala.
Pri merilnih instrumentih in pomožnih aparatih z zaščitnim razredom I iz EN 61140 (npr. osciloskop s
katodno cevjo, sinusni generator), kjer se za olajšanje preskusa prekine zaščitni vodnik, npr. ker mora
biti ohišje ločeno od potenciala zemlje, je treba aparat napajati iz ločilnega transformatorja v skladu s
skupino standardov EN 61558.
Če je tokokrog in/ali ohišje merilnega instrumenta ali pomožnega aparata, ki je zasnovan za priklop na
omrežje, priključen na dele pod napetostjo preskusnega sestava, ki lahko prenese napetost proti zemlji,
mora notranja izolacija napajalnega ločilnega transformatorja prenesti najmanj to napetost.
Zagotoviti je treba učinkovit zaščitni ukrep za zaščito ob okvari (zaščita pred posrednim dotikom) (glej
HD 60364-4-41, poglavje 411.3).
Preskušanec mora biti ločen od zemlje. Če to tehnološko ni izvedljivo, npr. zaradi mase preskušanca,
mora biti preskusni sestav zasnovan in razporejen tako, da se prepreči prenos napetosti na zunanje
prevodne dele.
Plošče preskusnih miz morajo biti narejene iz izolacijskih materialov.
4.1.1.2 Prepovedana cona
Meja prepovedane cone je odvisna od preskusne napetosti in jo je treba določiti v skladu s preglednico
A.2.
Pri napetostih do vključno 1000 V velja, da je površina dela pod napetostjo meja prepovedane cone. Če
napetost presega 1 kV, velja, da je doseganje prepovedane cone enakovredno dotikanju delov pod
napetostjo.
4.1.1.3 Pregrade, preskuševališče
Preskuševališča morajo biti ločena od delovnih področij in hodnikov. Pregrade morajo biti zasnovane
tako, da:
‒ preprečijo dostop do preskuševališč osebam, ki niso preskuševalci,
‒ preprečijo osebam, ki niso preskuševalci, doseganje prepovedane cone,
‒ preprečijo osebam zunaj pregrade doseg do delovnih pripomočkov preskusnih postrojev, ki so
postavljeni znotraj pregrade.
Najmanjšo razdaljo med pregrado, ki zapira preskuševališče, in mejo prepovedane cone ali napravami
v obratovanju je treba določiti v skladu s sliko A.1 in preglednico A.3. Če so pregrade mrežne, mora biti
najmanjša razdalja med pregrado in prepovedano cono v skladu s preglednico A.4 pri vsaki odprtini,
kjer je mogoče prepovedano cono doseči skozi pregrado.
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SIST EN 50191 : 2010
Pregrade iz prevodnih materialov morajo biti ozemljene ali pa je treba uporabiti druge ukrepe za zaščito
ob okvari (zaščita pred posrednim dotikom).
4.1.1.4 Mehanski zaščitni ukrepi
Mehanska zaščitna sredstva morajo biti primerno močna.
4.1.2 Indikatorske luči, signalne luči in znaki
4.1.2.1 Krmilja preskusnih postrojev in preskusni tokokrogi morajo biti jasno razpoznavni.
4.1.2.2 Preskusni postroji morajo imeti naprave, ki kažejo stikalno stanje (npr. s svetlobnimi indikatorji)
in obratovalno stanje (s signalnimi lučmi).
4.1.2.3 Preskusni postroji in preskuševališča morajo biti jasno in vidno označeni z opozorilnimi znaki.
4.1.3 Izklop v sili
Preskusni postroji morajo imeti zagotovljena sredstva za izklop v sili z namenom, da se prekinejo vsi
električni viri, ki bi lahko povzročili nevarnost. Naprave ali oprema morajo biti v skladu z zahtevami
EN ISO 13850:2008. Znotraj in zunaj preskuševališča je treba zagotoviti primerno število ročnih
krmilnikov, kot je potrebno glede na velikost področja in kompleksnost razmestitve. Priključne točke,
npr. vtičnice za splošno napajanje znotraj preskuševališča, morajo biti ustrezno označene, če niso
takšne, da jih oprema za izklop v sili prekine.
4.1.4 Preprečevanje nedovoljenega in nenamernega vklapljanja
Preskusne postroje je treba zaščititi pred nedovoljenim in nenamernim vklapljanjem preskusnih
tokokrogov. Ročna krmilja morajo biti nedvoumno povezana s pripadajočimi preskusnimi tokokrogi.
4.1.5 Preprečevanje samodejnega napajanja
Preprečiti je treba samodejno napajanje preskusnih tokokrogov ob povratku omrežne napetosti po
izpadu napajanja.
4.1.6 Zaščita pred preostalimi napetostmi in prenosom napetosti
4.1.6.1 Če obstaja verjetnost nastanka nevarnosti zaradi preostalih napetosti po izklopu preskusnih
tokokrogov, je treba zagotoviti ustrezne naprave ali opremo za varno razelektritev.
4.1.6.2 Prenos napetosti na dostopne prevodne dele zunaj preskuševališča je treba preprečiti z
ustreznimi ukrepi, npr. ozemljitev, oklep, primeren razpored lege kablov, ali pa morajo biti ti prevodni
deli zaščiteni pred neposrednim dotikom.
4.1.7 Zaščitni ukrepi pred drugimi nevarnostmi
Ustrezne zaščitne ukrepe je treba zagotoviti v primerih, kjer se poleg nevarnosti zaradi napetosti
pričakujejo tudi druge nevarnosti, npr. zaradi oblokov, hrupa, eksplozije, sevanja, letečih delov, tvorjenja
plina, ognja, nevarnih snovi.
4.2 Preskusne postaje s samodejno zaščito pred neposrednim dotikom
4.2.1 Zadovoljiva zaščita pred neposrednim dotikom v skladu s 4.1.1.1 mora biti izvedena z izolacijo
delov pod napetostjo, pokrovov in ohišij. Ukrep zaščite pred neposrednim stikom mora zagotoviti
najmanj določeno stopnjo zaščite IP3X v skladu z EN 60529 in mora zajeti vse dele preskušanca.
Vklop preskusne napetosti ne sme biti mogoč, dokler zaščitni ukrepi ne delujejo v celoti in pravilno.
Odprtje zaščitnega sredstva mora samodejno odklopiti preskusno napetost. Preostale napetosti se
morajo samodejno znižati na nenevaren nivo, preden se je mogoče dotakniti delov pod napetostjo.
10
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SIST EN 50191 : 2010
Stanje ene okvare ne sme preprečiti izklopa preskusnih napetosti ob odprtju zaščitnih sredstev. Če se
pojavi okvara, je treba zagotoviti, da je nemogoče ponovno vključiti preskusno napetost. Premostitev
sredstva za zaščito ne sme biti mogoča na enostaven način.
Če so deli ohišja na obratovalni strani zamenjani z elektrooptično varnostno napravo (svetlobna
pregrada), kjer razdalja med snopi ni večja od 14 mm, se za ta del ohišja lahko opusti stopnja zaščite
IP3X. Varnostna razdalj
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 50191:2009
01-september-2009
1DPHVWLWHYLQGHORYDQMHHOHNWULþQHSUHVNXVQHRSUHPH
Erection and operation of electrical test equipment
Errichten und Betreiben elektrischer Prüfanlagen
Installation et exploitation des équipements électriques d'essais
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 50191:2009
ICS:
19.080 (OHNWULþQRLQHOHNWURQVNR Electrical and electronic
SUHVNXãDQMH testing
29.020 Elektrotehnika na splošno Electrical engineering in
general
oSIST prEN 50191:2009 en,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 50191:2009
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oSIST prEN 50191:2009
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 50191
NORME EUROPÉENNE
June 2009
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS Will supersede EN 50191:2000
English version
Erection and operation of electrical test equipment
Installation et exploitation des Errichten und Betreiben elektrischer
équipements électriques d'essais Prüfanlagen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CENELEC members for CENELEC enquiry.
Deadline for CENELEC: 2009-11-06.
It has been drawn up by CLC/BTTF 128-2.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national
standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CENELEC in three official versions (English, French, German).
A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own
language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the
Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to
change without notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
Central Secretariat: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels
© 2009 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Project: 21474 Ref. No. prEN 50191:2009 E
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oSIST prEN 50191:2009
prEN 50191:2009 – 2 –
1 Foreword
2 This draft European Standard was prepared by CENELEC BTTF 128-2, Erection and operation of
3 electrical test equipment. It is submitted to the CENELEC enquiry.
4 This document will supersede EN 50191:2000.
5 __________
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6 Contents
7 Introduction . 4
8 1 Scope . 5
9 2 Normative references . 5
10 3 Terms and definitions. 6
11 4 Erection of test installations . 9
12 4.1 General . 9
13 4.2 Test stations with automatic protection against direct contact . 11
14 4.3 Test stations without automatic protection against direct contact . 12
15 4.4 Test laboratories and experimental stations . 12
16 4.5 Temporary test station . 13
17 4.6 Test station without test personnel in permanent attendance . 13
18 4.7 Additional requirements when using safety test probes . 14
19 5 Operation of test installations . 14
20 5.1 General . 14
21 5.2 Personnel . 15
22 5.3 Preparation of tests, switching operations in test stations . 15
23 5.4 Performance of tests . 16
24 Annex A (normative) Permissible body currents and contact voltages . 17
25 Annex B (informative) Example of an application illustrating the prohibition zone and test
26 area . 21
27 Bibliography . 23
28 Figures
29 Figure 1 – Measurement of discharge current. 14
30 Figure A.1 – Clarification of the dimensions stated in Table A.3 (Taken from EN 294) . 19
31 Figure B.1 – Prohibition zone and test area in a test laboratory . 22
32 Tables
33 Table A.1 – Reference values for permissible sinusoidal body currents and contact voltages at
34 frequencies > 500 Hz . 17
35 Table A.2 – Prohibition zone (s) dependent on test voltages to earth (U) . 18
36 Table A.3 – Horizontal distance between the barrier and the prohibition zone in relation to the height
37 of the barrier and the distance of the danger point from the floor (Values taken from EN 294) . 19
38 Table A.4 – Minimum distance between openings in the barrier and the prohibition zone in relation
39 to the width of the opening (Values taken from EN 294:1992, Table 4) . 20
40
41
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42 Introduction
43 With reference to Clause 5 of this European Standard, prepared in the field of application of Article 137
44 of the EC Treaty, the user should be aware that standards have no formal legal relationship with
45 Directives which may have been made under Article 137 of the Treaty. In addition, national legislation
46 in the Member states may contain more stringent requirements than the minimum requirements of a
47 Directive based on Article 137 of the Treaty. Information on the relationship between the national
48 legislation implementing Directives based on Article 137 of the Treaty and this European Standard may
49 be given in a national foreword of the national standard implementing this European Standard.
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50 1 Scope
51 1.1 This European Standard is applicable to the erection and operation of fixed and temporary
52 electrical test installations.
53 1.2 Compliance with this European Standard is not necessary, if contact with live parts presents no
54 danger. This is the case when one of the following conditions is satisfied at live exposed points:
55 a) the voltage at frequencies above 500 Hz does not exceed 25 V a.c. or 60 V d.c. and complies with
56 the requirements for SELV or for PELV in accordance with HD 384.4.41;
57 b) in case of voltages at frequencies up to 500 Hz exceeding 25 V a.c. or 60 V d.c., the resultant
58 current through a non-inductive resistance of 2 kΩ does not exceed 3 mA a.c. (r.m.s.) or
59 12 mA d.c;
60 c) at frequencies above 500 Hz the national determined current and voltage values shall be applied.
61 If there are no national requirements determined reference values for permissible body currents
62 and contact voltages can be taken from Table A.1;
63 d) the discharge energy does not exceed 350 mJ.
64 NOTE 1 Even though compliance with the requirements of this European Standard is not necessary, if one of the above-
65 mentioned conditions is satisfied, other potential risks e. g. risk of fire and explosion shall be considered and appropriate
66 measures be taken.
67 NOTE 2 Ref. 1.2 b) & 1.2 d): The values for the resultant current of 3 mA a.c. or 12 mA d.c. and the discharge energy of
68 350 mJ comply with the values for live working specified in EN 50110-1. These values also comply with the values specified in
69 IEC/TS 60479-1.
70 1.3 This European Standard does not apply to the power supply to the test installations. In this
71 case, the standards of the HD 384 series (for nominal voltages up to 1 000 V) or HD 637 S1 (for
72 nominal voltages exceeding 1 kV) are applicable to erection and EN 50110-1 is applicable to operation.
73 1.4 Where no requirements are given in this European Standard, the standards of the HD 384
74 series (for nominal voltages up to 1 000 V) or HD 637 S1 (for nominal voltages exceeding 1 kV) apply
75 to the erection of electrical test installations and EN 50110-1 applies to the operation of electrical test
76 installations.
77 2 Normative references
78 The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
79 references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
80 document (including any amendments) applies.
1)
81 EN 294:1992 , Safety of machinery – Safety distance to prevent danger zones being reached by the
82 upper limbs
2)
83 EN 418:1992 , Safety of machinery – Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects – Principles for
84 design
3)
85 EN 574:1996 , Safety of machinery – Two-hand control devices – Functional aspects – Principles for
86 design
)
1
Superseded by EN ISO 13857:2008, Safety of machinery – Safety distances to prevent hazard zones being reached by
upper and lower limbs (ISO 13857:2008).
2)
Superseded by EN ISO 13850:2008, Safety of machinery – Emergency stop – Principles for design (ISO 13850:2006).
3)
Withdrawn on 2008-06-25.
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87 EN 999, Safety of machinery – The positioning of protective equipment in respect of approach speeds
88 of parts of the human body
89 EN 50110-1, Operation of electrical installations
90 EN 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) (IEC 60529)
91 EN 61219, Live working – Earthing or earthing and short-circuiting equipment using lances as short-
92 circuiting device – Lance earthing (IEC 61219)
93 EN 61310-1, Safety of machinery – Indication, marking and actuation – Part 1: Requirements for
94 visual, acoustic and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1)
95 EN 61558 series, Safety of power transformers, power supplies, reactors and similar products
96 (IEC 61558 series)
4)
97 HD 366 S1:1977 , Classification of electrical and electronic equipment with regard to protection
98 against electric shock (IEC 60536:1976)
99 HD 384/60364 series, Electrical installations of buildings/Low-voltage electrical installations
100 (IEC 60364 series, mod.)
5)
101 HD 384.4.41:1996 , Electrical installations of buildings – Part 4: Protection for safety –
102 Chapter 41: Protection against electric shock (IEC 60364-4-41:1992, mod.)
103 HD 637 S1, Power installations exceeding 1 kV a.c.
104 IEC 60050-826, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary – Part 826: Electrical installations
105 3 Terms and definitions
106 For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
107 3.1
108 electrical test installations
109 (referred to in the following as test installations)
110 the entirety of all the test devices, test appliances and facilities combined for test purposes, by
111 means of which electrical tests are performed on test objects.
112 Types of test installations:
113 - test station;
114 - test laboratory or experimental station;
115 - temporary test installation
116 3.2
117 test station
118 appropriately identified test installation within a defined area. In test stations a distinction is made
119 between those with and those without automatic positive protection against direct contact
4)
Superseded by EN 61140:2002, Protection against electric shock – Common aspects for installation and equipment
(IEC 61140:2001).
)
5
Superseded by HD 60364-4-41:2007, Low-voltage electrical installations – Part 4-41: Protection for safety – Protection
against electric shock (IEC 60364-4-41:2005, mod.).
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120 3.2.1
121 test station with automatic protection against direct contact
122 test station in which the test object and all live parts of the test installation have automatically
123 activated full protection against direct contact in an energized condition
124 NOTE 1 At a test station with automatic protection against direct contact, there is generally only one person employed, e. g. in
125 the line of series production or in electric workshops, repair and service shops.
126 NOTE 2 Automatic protection means that voltages can only occur when the safety devices are effective, e.g. when the cover
127 or door of the test station is closed.
128 3.2.2
129 test station without automatic protection against direct contact
130 test station in which parts of the test object or live parts of the test installation are not fully
131 protected against direct contact during testing. This includes, for instance, test areas in electric
132 workshops, laboratories, measurement and experimental areas
133 3.3
134 test laboratory
135 test installations with minimum one test station in a securely enclosed space or within an area
136 separated from adjacent work areas, in which several persons are generally employed on test
137 work on larger test objects remaining there for a longer period of time
138 3.4
139 experimental station
140 test installations with minimum one test station for performing experiments or tests within the
141 scope of research and development work. In general, no routine tests are performed in
142 experimental stations. A variety of test assemblies as well as different hazards shall therefore be
143 anticipated
144 3.5
145 temporary test installation
146 test installation with minimum one test station erected for a short time in order to perform tests on
147 individual test objects
148 3.6
149 prohibition zone
150 volume around live parts which should not be breached if full protection against direct contact
151 with these parts is not provided
152 3.7
153 test area
154 area around the test assembly which is separated from the surrounding area
155 3.8
156 signal lights
157 lights which are clearly visible from outside the boundaries of the test area giving red or green
158 signals to indicate the operational status inside the test area
159 3.9
160 indicator lights
161 serve to indicate the switching status on the control panels. They are not an alternative to
162 required signal lights
163 3.10
164 risk
165 combination of the probability and the degree of the possible injury or damage to health of a
166 person exposed to a hazard or to hazards
167 3.11
168 electrical hazard
169 source of possible injury or damage to health in presence of electrical energy from an electrical
170 installation
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171 3.12
172 skilled person (electrically)
173 person with relevant education and experience to enable him or her to avoid dangers which
174 electricity can create
175 (IEV 826-18-01, mod.)
176 3.13
177 instructed person (electrically)
178 a person adequately advised by skilled persons to enable him or her to avoid dangers which
179 electricity can create
180 (IEV 826-18-02, mod.)
181 3.14
182 nominated person in control of a work activity
183 that person who has been nominated to be the person with direct management responsibility for
184 the work activity. parts of this responsibility may be delegated to others as required
185 3.15 Operational status
186 3.15.1
187 out of operation
188 status when
189 a) all power supplies, signalling and control circuits are switched off and secured against
190 unauthorized switching-on,
191 b) all safety precautions necessary before entering the test area (for voltages exceeding 1 kV,
192 e.g. earthing, short-circuiting) have been taken
193 3.15.2
194 ready for operation
195 status when
196 a) the power supplies for the switchgear signalling and control circuits of the test installations
197 are switched on,
198 b) the green signal lights, where these are required in accordance with the provisions in
199 Clause 4, are on,
200 c) all power supplies for the test voltage are switched off and secured against unintentional
201 switching,
202 d) the safety precautions specified in 3.15.1 b) ("out of operation") are in force
203 3.15.3
204 ready to switch on
205 status when
206 a) all power supplies for the test voltage are switched off,
207 b) all entries to the test area are closed,
208 c) the red signal lights are switched on,
209 d) the safety precautions specified in 3.15.1 b) ("out of operation") are no longer in force.
210 3.15.4
211 in operation
212 status when
213 a) all entries to the test area are closed,
214 b) the red signal lights are switched on,
215 c) one or more power supplies for the test voltage are switched on
216 NOTE In Clauses 4 and 5, the technical devices for setting up the operational status “ready for operation” and “ready to
217 switch on” are only required for certain test installations with voltages exceeding 1 kV.
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218 4 Erection of test installations
219 4.1 General
220 Test installations shall be performed and erected as a
221 - test station,
222 - test laboratory or experimental station,
223 - temporary test installation.
224 4.1.1 Protection against electric shock
225 4.1.1.1 Test assembly
226 The test assembly shall be so arranged and designed that the protection against direct contact is
227 secured by insulation of live parts, covers, enclosures, obstacles or safe distances. A safe distance is
228 ensured, when the person carrying out the tests cannot reach the prohibition zone with parts of his /
229 her body or tools. Safety can also be satisfied by means of a two-hand control device or the use of two
230 safety test probes to apply the test voltage. Test leads with full protection against direct contact shall be
231 used. Two-hand control devices shall comply with EN 574:1996, Type II or IIIB. Where several persons
232 are involved in a test, a two-hand control device shall be provided for each person of the test personnel
233 and which are so connected that all the two hand controls are required to be operated before the test
234 supplies can be energised.
235 Safety test probes shall have the adequate insulation level for the applied test voltage. No clamping
236 devices shall be permitted for this purpose.
237 In case of measuring instruments and auxiliary appliances of protection Class I (HD 366, e.g. cathode
238 ray oscilloscope, sine wave generator), where the protective conductor is interrupted to facilitate
239 testing, e.g. because the enclosure has to be isolated from earth potential, the appliance shall be
240 supplied from an isolating transformer in accordance with EN 61558 series.
241 If a circuit and/or the enclosure of a measuring instrument or an auxiliary appliance designed for mains
242 connection is connected to live parts of the test assembly which can carry voltage to earth, then the
243 internal insulation of the supplying isolating transformer shall be rated at least for this voltage.
244 An effective protective measure for fault protection (protection against indirect contact) shall be
245 provided.
246 The test object shall be isolated from earth. If this is technically not possible e. g. due to the weight of
247 the test object, than the test assembly shall be so designed and arranged in order to prevent the
248 transfer of voltage to extraneous conductive parts.
249 Test table boards shall be made of insulating materials.
250 4.1.1.2 Prohibition zone
251 The boundary of the prohibition zone shall be determined in accordance with Table A.2 and is
252 dependent on the test voltage.
253 In case of voltages up to 1 000 V, the surface of the live part is considered to be the boundary of the
254 prohibition zone. In case of voltages exceeding 1 kV, reaching the prohibition zone is considered equal
255 to touching live parts.
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256 4.1.1.3 Barriers, test area
257 Test areas shall be separated from work areas and passageways. The barriers shall be so designed
258 as to
259 – prevent access to the test area by persons other than the test persons,
260 – prevent persons, other than the test persons, from reaching the prohibition zone,
261 – prevent persons outside the barrier from reaching the operating devices of test installations which
262 are located inside the barrier.
263 The minimum distance between the barrier enclosing the test area and the boundary of the prohibition
264 zone or operation devices shall be determined in accordance with Figure A.2 and Table A.3. In case of
265 grid barriers, the minimum distance between the barrier and the prohibition zone shall comply with
266 Table A.4 at any opening, where it is possible to reach through the barrier.
267 Barriers made of conductive materials shall be earthed or other measures shall be taken for fault
268 protection (protection against indirect contact).
269 4.1.2 Indicator lights, signal lights and signs
270 4.1.2.1 The test installations controls and test circuits shall be clearly identified.
271 4.1.2.2 Test installations shall have devices which indicate the switching status (e. g. by indicator
272 lights) and the operational status (by signal lights).
273 4.1.2.3 Test installations and test areas shall be clearly and visibly indicated by means of warning
274 signs.
275 4.1.3 Emergency switching off
276 Test installations shall be provided with means for emergency switching off in order to cut off all
277 electrical energy which could result in danger. The devices or equipment shall be in accordance with
278 the requirements of EN 418. An adequate number of manual controls shall be provided inside and
279 outside the test area as appropriate to the size of the area and complexity of layout. Connection points,
280 e.g. outlets of the general power supply within the test area, shall be identified accordingly, if they are
281 not interrupted by the emergency switching off equipment.
282 4.1.4 Preventing unauthorized and unintentional switching-on
283 Test installations shall be secured against unauthorized and unintentional switching-on of test circuits.
284 Manual controls shall be clearly correlated to the respective test circuits.
285 4.1.5 Preventing automatic energizing
286 Automatic energizing of test circuits shall be prevented when mains voltage recovers after a power
287 failure.
288 4.1.6 Protection against residual voltages and transfer of voltages
289 4.1.6.1 If there is a likelihood of danger due to residual voltages after switching-off test circuits, suit-
290 able devices or equipment shall be provided for a safe discharge of energy.
291 4.1.6.2 Transfer of voltage to accessible conductive parts outside the test area shall be prevented by
292 adequate measures – e.g. earthing, shielding, appropriate cable routing – or these conductive parts
293 shall be protected against direct contact.
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294 4.1.7 Protective measures against other hazards
295 Appropriate means of protection shall be provided, in cases where in addition to dangers due to
296 voltages other hazards are to be expected, e.g. due to arcs, noise, explosion, radiation, flying parts,
297 formation of gas, fire, dangerous substances.
298 4.2 Test stations with automatic protection against direct contact
299 4.2.1 The protection against direct contact in accordance with 4.1.1.1 must be satisfied by insulation
300 of live parts, covers or enclosures. The means of protection against direct contact shall guarantee at
301 least the defined degree of protection IP3X in accordance with EN 60529 and include all parts of the
302 test object.
303 It shall not be possible to switch on the test voltages until the means of protection are fully operational
304 and functioning correctly. Opening the means of protection must disconnect the test voltage
305 automatically. Residual voltages shall be automatically reduced to a non-hazardous level before live
306 parts can be touched.
307 Single fault conditions shall not prevent the test voltages from being switched-off when the means of
308 protection are opened. The fault occurrence shall ensure that it is impossible to switch on the test
309 voltages again. It shall not be possible to bypass the means of protection in an easy way.
310 If parts of the enclosure at the operation side are replaced by an electro-optical safety device (light
311 barrier) with a beam distance of not more than 14 mm, then in this case, the degree of protection IP3X
312 may be omitted for this part of the enclosure. The safety distance between the detection zone and
313 prohibition zone shall be large enough, so that the prohibition zone cannot be reached while breaching
314 into the detection zone. While investigating the safety distances at least the test probe for the degree of
315 protection IPXXC in accordance with EN 60529 (test probe 2.5) shall be applied. In addition, the
316 approach speed and the required used tools and materials within the installation, the respond time of
317 the protection device and switching devices shall be considered (EN 999).
318 4.2.2 Mechanical means of protection shall be adequately strong.
319 4.2.3 The degree of protection against direct contact IP3X may be omitted if the enclosure complies
320 with the following requirements:
321 - means of protection for the automatic protection against direct contact shall be solid walls or
322 barrier grids (side length or diameter of the openings not exceeding 40 mm) at least 1 800 mm
323 high;
324 - the test enclosure must be equipped with devices which do not permit doors to the test area to be
325 opened until the test voltage has been switched off and secured against being switched on again
326 and – if necessary – earthed and short-circuited. It shall not be possible to disable these protective
327 measures until the doors have been closed.
328 4.2.4 The degree of protection, required in 4.2.1, may be omitted in exceptional cases, if the test
329 object and all live parts are fully protected against direct contact and a measure for fault protection
330 (protection against indirect contact) is efficient for the test object and the test installation during the
331 test.
332 4.2.5 In the case of test stations with automatic protection against direct contact, barriers in
333 accordance with 4.1.1.3 and emergency switching off devices in accordance with 4.1.3 may be
334 omitted.
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335 4.3 Test stations without automatic protection against direct contact
336 4.3.1 Test stations without automatic protection against direct contact shall only be installed if the
337 erection of test stations with automatic protection against direct contact is not practicable, e.g.
338 - due to frequently changing test duties,
339 - in case of varying types of test objects,
340 - in case of serious difficulties in performing the work,
341 - when test duties occur only occas
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