SIST EN ISO 3219:1997

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 3219:1997
01-december-1997
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Plastics - Polymers/resins in the liquid state or as emulsions or dispersions -
Determination of viscosity using a rotational viscometer with defined shear rate (ISO
3219:1993)
Kunststoffe - Polymere/Harze in flüssigem, emulgiertem oder dispergiertem Zustand -
Bestimmung der Viskosität mit einem Rotationsviskosimeter bei definiertem
Geschwindigkeitsgefälle (ISO 3219:1993)
Plastiques - Polymeres/résines a l'état liquide, en émulsion ou en dispersion -
Détermination de la viscosité au moyen d'un viscosimetre rotatif a gradient de vitesse de
cisaillement défini (ISO 3219:1993)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 3219:1994
ICS:
83.080.01 Polimerni materiali na Plastics in general
splošno
83.080.10 Duromeri Thermosetting materials
SIST EN ISO 3219:1997 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 3219:1997

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SIST EN ISO 3219:1997

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SIST EN ISO 3219:1997

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SIST EN ISO 3219:1997
INTERNATIONAL IS0
STANDARD 3219
Second edition
1993-l o-01
Plastics - Polymers/resins in the liquid
state or as emulsions or dispersions -
Determination of viscosity using a
rotational viscometer with defined shear
rate
P/as tiques - Polym&es/r&ines 8 Mat liquide, en Emulsion ou en
dispersion - D6termina tion de la viscosit6 au moyen d ‘un viscosimhtre
rotatif a gradient de vitesse de cisaiilement dhfini
Reference number
IS0 3219:1993(E)

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SIST EN ISO 3219:1997
IS0 3219:1993(E)
Foreword
IS0 (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide
federation of national standards bodies (IS0 member bodies). The work
of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through IS0
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for
which a technical committee has been established has the right to be
represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental
and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. IS0
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission
(IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are
circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International
Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting
a vote.
International Standard IS0 3219 was prepared by Technical Committee
lSO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 5, Physical-chemical properties.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition
(IS0 3219:1977), of which it constitutes a technical revision.
It was prepared in liaison with lSO/TC 45, Rubber and rubber products, and
ISOfTC 35, Paints and varnishes.
Annexes A and B form an integral part of this International Standard.
0 IS0 1993
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced
or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and
microfilm, without permission in writing from the publisher.
International Organization for Standardization
Case Postale 56 l CH-1211 Geneve 20 l Switzerland
Printed in Switzerland
II

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SIST EN ISO 3219:1997
~~
IS0 3219:1993(E)
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 0 Iso
Plastics - Polymers/resins in the liquid state or as
- Determination of viscosity
emulsions or dispersions
using a rotational viscometer with defined shear rate
The viscosity q is determined using the following
1 Scope
equation:
This International Standard specifies the general prin-
ciples of a method for determining the viscosity of
polymers and resins in the liquid, emulsified or dis-
persed state, including polymer dispersions, at a de-
where
fined shear rate by means of rotational viscometers
z is the shear stress;
with standard geometry.
is the shear rate.
Viscosity determinations made in accordance with
f
this standard consist of establishing the relationship
According to the International System of Units (Sl),
between the shear stress and the shear rate. The re-
the unit of dynamic viscosity is the Pascal second
sults obtained with different instruments in accord-
(Pas):
ance with this standard are comparable and apply to
controlled shear as well as controlled stress instru-
1 Pas = 1 Ns/m*
ments.
NOTES
2 Normative reference
1 Symbols are in accordance with IS0 31-3:1992, Quan-
tities and units - Part 3: Mechanics.
The following standard contains provisions which,
through reference in this text, constitute provisions
2 If the viscosity depends on the shear rate at which the
measurement is made, i.e. q =f($), the fluid is said to ex-
of this International Standard. At the time of publi-
hibit non-Newtonian behaviour. Fluids with a viscosity inde-
cation, the edition indicated was valid. All standards
pendent of the shear rate are stated to exhibit Newtonian
are subject to revision, and parties to agreements
behaviour.
based on this International Standard are encouraged
to investigate the possibility of applying the most re-
cent edition of the standard indicated below. Mem-
4 Apparatus
bers of IEC and IS0 maintain registers of currently
valid International Standards.
IS ’0 291:1977, Plastics - Standard atmospheres for 4.1 Rotational viscometer
conditioning and testing.
.
4.1 .l Measuring system
3 Principle
The measuring system shall consist of two rigid,
The viscosity of a fluid sample is measured using a symmetrical, coaxial surfaces between which the fluid
whose viscosity is to be measured is placed. One of
rotational viscometer with defined characteristics,
which permits the simultaneous measurement of the these surfaces shall rotate at a constant angular vel-
shear rate used and the shear stress applied. ocity while the other remains at rest. The measuring
1

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SIST EN ISO 3219:1997
0 IS0
IS0 3219:1993(E)
system shall be such that the shear rate can be de- 4.3 Thermometer
fined for each m easureme nt.
The accuracy of the thermometer shall be - -t- 0,05 “C.
A torque-measuring device shall be connected to one
of the surfaces, thus permitting determination of the
5 Sampling
torque required to overcome the viscous resistance
of the fluid.
The sampling method, including any special methods
of sample preparation and introduction into the
Suitable measuring systems are coaxial-cylinder sys-
viscometer, shall be as specified in the test standard
tems and cone-and-plate systems, among others.
for the product in question.
The dimensions of the measuring system shall be so
The samples shall not contain any visible impurities
specified as to satisfy the conditions specified in an-
or air bubbles.
nexes A and B, which are designed to ensure a ge-
ometrically similar flow field for all types of
It samples are hygroscopic or contain any volatile in-
measurement and all common types of basic instru-
gredients, the sample containers shall be tightly
ment.
closed to minimize any effects on the viscosity.
6 Test conditions
4.1.2 Basic instrument
6.1 Calibration
The basic instrument shall be designed to permit al-
ternative rotors and stators to be fitted, for the gen-
Viscometers shall be calibrated periodically, e.g. by
eration of a range of defined rotational frequencies
measuring the torque characteristics or using refer-
(stepwise or continuously variable), and for measuring
ence liquids of known viscosity (Newtonian fluids). If
the resulting torque, or vice versa (i.e. generation of
the best-fit straight line drawn through the measured
a defined torque and measurement of the resulting
points for the reference fluid does not pass through
rotational frequency).
the origin of the coordinate system, within the limits
of the accuracy of the method, the procedure and the
The apparatus shall have a torque-measurement ac-
apparatus shall be checked more extensively in ac-
curacy within 2 % of the full-scale reading. Within the
cordance with the manufacturer ’s instructions.
regular working range of the instrument, the accuracy
of rotational-frequency measurement shall be within
The viscosity of reference liquids used for calibration
2 % of the measured value. The repeatability of vis- shall lie in the same range as that of the sample(s) to
cosity measurement shall be + 2 %.
- be measured.
NOTE 3 By using different measuring systems and rota-
6.2 Test temperature
tional frequencies, most commercial instruments cover a
viscosity range from at least 1 O-* Pas to IO3 Pas.
Generally, because of the temperature dependence
of the viscosity, measurements for comparison pur-
The range of shear rates varies greatly with different
poses shall be carried out at the same temperature.
equipment. The choice of a particular basic instrument
If measurements are required to be made at ambient
and appropriate measuring system shall be made by
temperature, a measurement temperature of
considering the range of viscosities and shear rates
23,0 “C + 0,2 “C is preferred.
-
to be measured.
Further details shall be as specified in the test stan-
dard for the product in question.
4.2 Temperature-control device
NOTE 4 Heat is dissipated in the sample during the
measurement. In the case of Newtonian liquids under adia-
batic test conditions, the rate of heat dissipation is given by
The temperature of the circulating bath liquid or the
q+* (units W/m3) and may cause an increase in the tem-
temperature of the electrically heated walls shall be
perature of the sample.
maintained constant to within + 0,2 “C over the tem-
perature range 0 “C to 50 “C &d to within + 0,5 “C
6.3 Selection of shear rate
at temperatures beyond these limits.
Closer tolerances (e.g. + 0,l “C) may be necessary The shear rate shall be as specified in the test stan-
for more precise measurements. dard for the product in question.
2

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SIST EN ISO 3219:1997
0 IS0
IS0 3219:1993(E)
It is advantageous in the case of all Newtonian prod- For the evaluation of the viscosity measurements, see
ucts, and specially recommended in the case of non- annexes A and B.
Newtonian products, that measurements be made for
If the viscosity of a particular product is required to
as many shear rates (at least four) as possible, de-
be measured at different temperatures, determine the
pending on the settings or programmes for rotational
viscosity curve at each temperature with the same
frequency (or torque in the case of fixed-shear-stress
sample portion, provided the measuring system of the
instruments) allowed by the basic instrument, and at
size chosen remains suitable (the fact that the vis-
widely differing shear rates so that a comprehensive
cosity varies with temperature means that it may be
graph of viscosity vs. shear rate may be drawn.
necessary to change the measuring system).
In order to compare viscosities measured on different
For each repeat determination, use a new sample if
instruments, it is recommended that the shear rate
possible, and determine the viscosity by commencing
be selected from a series consisting of the following
with increasing temperatures and sub-sequently using
values:
decreasing temperatures.
I,00 s-l, 2,50 s-l, 6,30 s-l, 16,O s-l, 40,O s-l,
Prior to measurement, the sample in the viscometer
100 s-l, 250 s-l;
should have sufficient time to attain the required
temperature.
or
1,00 s-l,
2,50 s-', 5,00 s-', IO,0 s-l, 25,0 s-l,
50,o s-l, 100 s-l;
7 Expression of resul
...