SIST ISO 690:2021

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 690
Fourth edition
2021-06
Information and documentation —
Guidelines for bibliographic
references and citations to
information resources
Information et documentation — Principes directeurs pour la
rédaction des références bibliographiques et des citations des
ressources d'information
Reference number
ISO 690:2021(E)
©
ISO 2021

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 690:2021(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 690:2021(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .viii
Introduction .ix
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principles for creating references . 8
4.1 Purpose . 8
4.2 Principle 1: Ensure metadata accuracy . 8
4.3 Principle 2: Prioritize identification and retrieval . 9
4.4 Principle 3: Unify reference presentation . 9
4.5 Principle 4: Determine appropriate specificity . 9
5 Guidelines for creating references . 9
5.1 General . 9
5.2 Facilitate location of the cited information resource . 9
5.3 Reflect the content used accurately .10
5.4 Reference derivative works alongside the original .10
5.5 Faithfully reference the manifestation and item .10
5.6 Consider retrievability of unpublished information resources .11
5.7 Adopt a uniform presentation scheme .11
5.8 Accurately indicate specificity level .11
6 Metadata .11
6.1 General .11
6.2 Data source .11
6.2.1 General.11
6.2.2 Cited information resource .12
6.2.3 External metadata sources .12
6.3 Verifying correctness and completeness .13
6.4 Handling conflicting data .13
7 Data elements .13
7.1 General .13
7.1.1 Architecture of a citation .13
7.1.2 Common rules .14
7.1.3 Manifestation and item.23
7.2 Creator . .25
7.2.1 General.25
7.2.2 Roles .25
7.2.3 Selection .26
7.2.4 Personal names .26
7.2.5 Organization or group names .30
7.2.6 Multiple creators .32
7.2.7 Pseudonyms .34
7.2.8 Anonymous works .34
7.3 Title .35
7.3.1 Preferred form .35
7.3.2 Alternative forms .35
7.3.3 Popular or original title .35
7.3.4 Long title .36
7.3.5 Additional title parts .36
7.3.6 Ambiguous or incorrect title .36
7.3.7 No title .36
7.3.8 Translated title .37
7.3.9 Titles of translated works .37
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved iii

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ISO 690:2021(E)

7.3.10 Representation .37
7.4 Component parts .38
7.4.1 General.38
7.4.2 Representation .38
7.5 Formats and resource types .40
7.5.1 Formats .40
7.5.2 Resource types .41
7.5.3 Digital file formats .42
7.5.4 Migrated medium .43
7.6 Edition and version .43
7.6.1 Edition .43
7.6.2 Version .44
7.6.3 Differentiated and adaptive content .45
7.6.4 Publication stages .45
7.7 Date .45
7.7.1 General.45
7.7.2 Representation .46
7.7.3 Date of publication .48
7.7.4 Date of citation.48
7.7.5 Reissuance and surrogate dates .48
7.7.6 Incorrect dates .49
7.8 Production information .49
7.8.1 General.49
7.8.2 Roles .49
7.8.3 Place .51
7.9 Numeration and pagination .53
7.9.1 General.53
7.9.2 Part cited .54
7.9.3 Plain citations and references .54
7.10 Serials and series .54
7.10.1 General.54
7.10.2 Qualifiers for titles .55
7.10.3 Key title and the abbreviated key title .55
7.10.4 Earlier titles .56
7.10.5 Conference information .56
7.10.6 Series title and numbering .56
7.10.7 New series .56
7.11 Identifiers .57
7.11.1 General.57
7.11.2 International standard identifiers .58
7.11.3 Persistent identifiers .59
7.12 Availability and location .60
7.12.1 Physical location.60
7.12.2 Network location and access .63
7.12.3 Permanent links and URL shorteners .66
7.12.4 Access restrictions and extinct resources .67
7.13 Item and event attributes .68
7.13.1 General.68
7.13.2 Item attributes .68
7.13.3 Event attributes .69
7.14 Relationship .70
7.14.1 General.70
7.14.2 Translation .70
7.14.3 Commentary .71
7.14.4 Annotated editions .72
7.14.5 Arranger .72
7.14.6 Abridgement and adaptation .72
7.14.7 Reviews and critiques .73
iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved

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ISO 690:2021(E)

7.14.8 Surrogate .74
7.14.9 Inclusion .75
7.14.10  Performance.76
7.14.11  Multiple relationships .76
7.15 Other elements .76
7.15.1 General.76
7.15.2 Subject.76
7.15.3 Dimensions and size .77
7.15.4 File size .78
7.15.5 Price .78
7.15.6 Registered trademark .78
7.15.7 Rights metadata .78
7.15.8 Provenance and authenticity .79
7.15.9 System requirements .80
7.15.10  Restoration .81
7.15.11  Other information .81
8 Resource categories .81
8.1 General .81
8.1.1 Purpose .81
8.1.2 Metadata elements to display .81
8.2 Monographs .81
8.2.1 Metadata elements .81
8.2.2 Simple monographs .82
8.2.3 Composed of multiple volumes .83
8.2.4 E-books . . .83
8.2.5 Audiobooks .83
8.2.6 Plays, librettos and scripts .83
8.2.7 Item .84
8.3 Monograph components .84
8.3.1 Metadata elements .84
8.3.2 Component parts of a monograph .86
8.4 Serials and their component parts .86
8.4.1 General.86
8.4.2 Metadata elements .86
8.4.3 Serials and their component parts .88
8.4.4 Newspaper articles .89
8.4.5 Monograph series and their component parts .90
8.5 Programs and applications .90
8.5.1 General.90
8.5.2 Metadata elements .90
8.5.3 Data elements and guidance specific to type .91
8.5.4 Operating systems .92
8.5.5 General programs .93
8.5.6 Games .93
8.6 Cartographic material .
...

FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 690
ISO/TC 46/SC 9
Information and documentation —
Secretariat: ANSI
Guidelines for bibliographic
Voting begins on:
2021­02­12 references and citations to
information resources
Voting terminates on:
2021­04­09
Information et documentation — Principes directeurs pour la
rédaction des références bibliographiques et des citations des
ressources d'information
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
ISO/FDIS 690:2021(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN­
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
©
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO 2021

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 690:2021(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH­1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 690:2021(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .viii
Introduction .ix
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Principles for creating references . 8
4.1 Purpose . 8
4.2 Principle 1: Ensure metadata accuracy . 8
4.3 Principle 2: Prioritize identification and retrieval . 9
4.4 Principle 3: Unify reference presentation . 9
4.5 Principle 4: Determine appropriate specificity . 9
5 Guidelines for creating references . 9
5.1 General . 9
5.2 Facilitate location of the cited information resource . 9
5.3 Reflect the content used accurately .10
5.4 Reference derivative works alongside the original .10
5.5 Faithfully reference the manifestation and item .10
5.6 Consider retrievability of unpublished information resources .11
5.7 Adopt a uniform presentation scheme .11
5.8 Accurately indicate specificity level .11
6 Metadata .11
6.1 General .11
6.2 Data source .11
6.2.1 General.11
6.2.2 Cited information resource .12
6.2.3 External metadata sources .12
6.3 Verifying correctness and completeness .13
6.4 Handling conflicting data .13
7 Data elements .13
7.1 General .13
7.1.1 Architecture of a citation .13
7.1.2 Common rules .14
7.1.3 Manifestation and item.23
7.2 Creator . .25
7.2.1 General.25
7.2.2 Roles .25
7.2.3 Selection .26
7.2.4 Personal names .26
7.2.5 Organization or group names .30
7.2.6 Multiple creators .32
7.2.7 Pseudonyms .33
7.2.8 Anonymous works .34
7.3 Title .35
7.3.1 Preferred form .35
7.3.2 Alternative forms .35
7.3.3 Popular or original title .35
7.3.4 Long title .35
7.3.5 Additional title parts .36
7.3.6 Ambiguous or incorrect title .36
7.3.7 No title .36
7.3.8 Translated title .37
7.3.9 Titles of translated works .37
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved iii

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 690:2021(E)

7.3.10 Representation .37
7.4 Component parts .37
7.4.1 General.37
7.4.2 Representation .38
7.5 Formats and resource types .40
7.5.1 Formats .40
7.5.2 Resource types .40
7.5.3 Digital file formats .41
7.5.4 Migrated medium .43
7.6 Edition and version .43
7.6.1 Edition .43
7.6.2 Version .44
7.6.3 Differentiated and adaptive content .44
7.6.4 Publication stages .45
7.7 Date .45
7.7.1 General.45
7.7.2 Representation .45
7.7.3 Date of publication .47
7.7.4 Date of citation.48
7.7.5 Reissuance and surrogate dates .48
7.7.6 Incorrect dates .48
7.8 Production information .49
7.8.1 General.49
7.8.2 Roles .49
7.8.3 Place .51
7.9 Numeration and pagination .53
7.9.1 General.53
7.9.2 Part cited .53
7.9.3 Plain citations and references .54
7.10 Serials and series .54
7.10.1 General.54
7.10.2 Qualifiers for titles .54
7.10.3 Key title and the abbreviated key title .55
7.10.4 Earlier titles .55
7.10.5 Conference information .55
7.10.6 Series title and numbering .56
7.10.7 New series .56
7.11 Identifiers .56
7.11.1 General.56
7.11.2 International standard identifiers .57
7.11.3 Persistent identifiers .58
7.12 Availability and location .59
7.12.1 Physical location.59
7.12.2 Network location and access .62
7.12.3 Permanent links and URL shorteners .66
7.12.4 Access restrictions and extinct resources .67
7.13 Item and event attributes .67
7.13.1 General.67
7.13.2 Item attributes .68
7.13.3 Event attributes .68
7.14 Relationship .69
7.14.1 General.69
7.14.2 Translation .69
7.14.3 Commentary .71
7.14.4 Annotated editions .71
7.14.5 Arranger .71
7.14.6 Abridgement and adaptation .72
7.14.7 Reviews and critiques .72
iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 690:2021(E)

7.14.8 Surrogate .73
7.14.9 Inclusion .74
7.14.10 Performance .75
7.14.11 Multiple relationships .75
7.15 Other elements .75
7.15.1 General.75
7.15.2 Subject.76
7.15.3 Dimensions and size .76
7.15.4 File size .77
7.15.5 Price .77
7.15.6 Registered trademark .77
7.15.7 Rights metadata .77
7.15.8 Provenance and authenticity .78
7.15.9 System requirements .79
7.15.10 Restoration . .80
7.15.11 Other information .80
8 Resource categories .80
8.1 General .80
8.1.1 Purpose .80
8.1.2 Metadata elements to display .80
8.2 Monographs .81
8.2.1 Metadata elements .81
8.2.2 Simple monographs .81
8.2.3 Composed of multiple volumes .82
8.2.4 E­books . . .82
8.2.5 Audiobooks .82
8.2.6 Plays, librettos and scripts .83
8.2.7 Item .83
8.3 Monograph components .83
8.3.1 Metadata elements .83
8.3.2 Component parts of a monograph .85
8.4 Serials and their component parts .85
8.4.1 General.85
8.4.2 Metadata elements .85
8.4.3 Serials and their component parts .87
8.4.4 Newspaper articles .88
8.4.5 Monograph series and their component parts .89
8.5 Programs and applications .89
8.5.1 General.89
8.5.2 Metadata elements .89
8.5.3 Data elements and guidance specific to type .90
8.5.4 Operating systems .
...