SIST EN 15459-1:2018

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.UJLMVNLKEnergetische Bewertung von Gebäuden - Wirtschaftlichkeitsberechnungen für Energieanlagen in Gebäuden - Teil 1: Berechnungsverfahren, Modul M1-14Performance énergétique des bâtiments - Procédure d’évaluation économique des systèmes énergétiques des bâtiments - Partie 1 : Méthode de calcul, Module M1-14Energy performance of buildings - Economic evaluation procedure for energy systems in buildings - Part 1: Calculation procedures, Module M1-1491.140.10Sistemi centralnega ogrevanjaCentral heating systems91.120.10Toplotna izolacija stavbThermal insulation of buildings27.015VSORãQREnergy efficiency. Energy conservation in generalICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 15459-1:2017SIST EN 15459-1:2018en,fr,de01-maj-2018SIST EN 15459-1:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 15459:20081DGRPHãþD



SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 15459-1
May
t r s y ICS
{ sä s v rä s r Supersedes EN
s w v w {ã t r r yEnglish Version
Energy performance of buildings æ Economic evaluation procedure for energy systems in buildings æ Part
sã Calculation proceduresá Module M sæ s v Performance énergétique des bâtiments æ Procédure d 5évaluation économique des systèmes énergétiques des bâtiments æ Partie
s ã Méthode de calculá Module M sæ s v
Energieeffizienz von Gebäuden æ Heizungsanlagen und wassergeführte Kühlanlagen in Gebäuden æ Teil
sã Wirtschaftlichkeitsberechnungen für Energieanlagen in Gebäudená Modul M sæ s v This European Standard was approved by CEN on
t y February
t r s yä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels
9
t r s y CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s w v w {æ sã t r s y ESIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 4 Introduction . 5 1 Scope . 7 2 Normative references . 11 3 Terms and definitions . 11 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 15 4.1 Symbols . 15 4.2 Subscripts . 16 5 Description of the method . 17 5.1 General . 17 5.2 Output of the method . 17 5.3 Parameters used for economic calculation . 18 5.3.1 Discount rate and present value factor . 18 5.3.2 Initial costs . 19 5.3.3 Annual costs . 19 5.3.4 Final costs . 19 6 Presentation of the economic calculation . 21 6.1 Output data . 21 6.2 Calculation time steps . 21 6.3 Input data . 22 6.3.1 Scenarios and boundaries . 22 6.3.2 General input data . 22 6.3.3 Specific input data for products and services . 22 6.4 Step by step calculation . 24 6.4.1 General . 24 6.4.2 STEP 1 - Financial data . 24 6.4.3 STEP 2 - Project data . 25 6.4.4 STEP 3 - Costs regarding components and systems (investment, replacement) . 26 6.4.5 STEP 4 - Energy cost (as part of the annual costs) . 30 6.4.6 STEP 5 - Global cost calculation . 31 6.4.7 Calculation of Payback period . 32 7 Quality control . 33 7.1 Calculation report . 33 7.2 Comparison of different options . 34 8 Compliance check. 35 Annex A (normative)
Template for input data and choices . 36 A.1 Financial data . 36 A.2 Calculation period . 36 A.3 Valuation of the costs for products and services . 36 A.4 Valuation of costs for energy . 37 Annex B (informative)
Default input data . 38 B.1 Financial data . 38 B.2 Calculation period . 38 SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 3 B.3 Valuation of the costs for products and services. 39 B.4 Valuation of costs for energy . 39 Annex C (informative)
Selection for methods . 41 C.1 General . 41 C.2 Selection between methods A and B . 41 Annex D (informative)
Data for components . 42 Annex E (informative)
Description of systems . 45 Bibliography . 52
SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 15459-1:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 228 “Heating systems and water based cooling systems in buildings”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 15459:2007. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association. EN 15459, Energy performance of buildings — Economic evaluation procedure for energy systems in buildings, is composed with the following parts: — Part 1: Calculation procedures, Module M1-14; — Part 2: Explanation and justification of EN 15459-1, Module M1-14 [CEN/TR]. The revision kept the main principles of the calculation unchanged, but the structure of the document was changed. Informative content was removed to the accompanying Technical Report CEN/TR 15459-2. The values may be altered in a national annex. The main changes compared to EN 15459:2007 are: a) addition of the payback period and the addition of costs due to the end of life of the building; b) update based on the evolution of the annual costs over a specific time period; c) informative content is removed to the accompanying Technical Report CEN/TR 15459-2. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 5 Introduction This European Standard is part of a series of standards aiming at international harmonization of the methodology for the assessment of the energy performance of buildings, called “set of EPB standards”. All EPB standards follow specific rules to ensure overall consistency, unambiguity and transparency. All EPB standards provide a certain flexibility with regard to the methods, the required input data and references to other EPB standards, by the introduction of a normative template in Annex A and Annex B with informative default choices. For the correct use of this standard a normative template is given in Annex A to specify these choices. Informative default choices are provided in Annex B. CEN/TC 228 deals with heating systems in buildings. Subjects covered by CEN/TC 228 are: — energy performance calculation for heating systems; — inspection of heating systems; — design of heating systems; — installation and commissioning of heating systems. This standard gives a method for the economic calculation of the building envelope and others building related systems covered by the EPB standards. This method can be used, fully or partly, for the following applications: — consider economic feasibility of energy saving options in buildings; — compare different solutions of energy saving options in buildings (plant types, fuels…); — evaluate economic performance of an overall design of the building (for example, trade-off between energy demand and energy efficiency of heating systems); — assess the effect of possible energy conservation measures on an existing heating system, by economic calculation of the cost of energy use with and without the energy conservation measure. For the correct use of this standard, Annex A will be used to specify the choices with the required input data. Information and guidance on use of the monthly and annual methods are provided in Annex B. In case the standard is used in the context of national or regional legal requirements, mandatory choices may be given at national or regional level for such specific applications, in particular for the application within the context of EU Directives transposed into national legal requirements. These choices can be made available as National Annex or as separate (e.g. legal) document. It is expected, if the default values and choices in Annex A are not followed due to national regulations, policy or traditions, that: — either the national standardization body will consider the possibility to add or include a National Annex in agreement with the template of Annex A; — or the national or regional authorities will, in the building regulations, reference the standard and prepare data sheets containing the national or regional choices and values, in agreement with the template of Annex A. The user should refer to other European Standards or to national documents for input data and detailed calculation procedures not provided by this standard, especially dynamic economical calculation are SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 6 not detailed in this standard. The methods to calculate the building energy demand are provided by EN 15603. NOTE Sensitivity of results increase depending on the number of parameters that are under consideration (lifetime, financial rates, ratio of price rise rates,…) and as numerous are the parameters that change when comparing different solutions, as difficult will be the conclusions that rise when economic results are compared between solutions. Economical results are closely related to the project under consideration, and no general conclusion should be drawn from such results. SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 7 1 Scope This European Standard provides a calculation method for the economic issues of heating systems and other systems that are involved in the energy demand and consumption of the building. It applies to all types of new and existing buildings. The fundamental principles and terminology are explained in the standard. The main items of the standard will be: — the definitions and the structure of the types of costs which should be taken into account for the calculation of the economic efficiency of saving options in buildings; — data needed for definition of costs related to systems under consideration; — the calculation method(s); — expression of the result of the economic study. This European Standard is part of the method for calculation of economic performance of energy saving options in buildings (e.g. insulation, better performing generators and distribution systems, efficient lighting, renewable sources, combined heat and power…). The scope of this specific part is to standardize: — the required inputs; — the required outputs; — the calculation formulas; — the type of energy systems concerned with the energy performance of the building. NOTE 1 This is the revision of EN 15459:2007. The revision has been made consistent with the EU regulation on cost-optimal. This revision includes the definition of payback for investment, and inclusion of the costs due to the deconstruction of the building. The method presenting annualized costs has been suppressed. NOTE 2 This standard does not consider financial advantages for higher productivity, higher attractiveness for tenants due to higher indoor comfort, when relevant for comparison of different options. Table 1 shows the relative position of this standard within the set of EPB standards in the context of the modular structure as set out in EN ISO 52000-1. NOTE 3 In CEN ISO/TR 52000-2 the same table can be found, with, for each module, the numbers of the relevant EPB standards and accompanying technical reports that are published or in preparation. NOTE 4 The modules represent EPB standards, although one EPB standard may cover more than one module and one module may be covered by more than one EPB standard, for instance a simplified and a detailed method respectively. See also Clause 2 and Tables A.1 and B.1. SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 8 Table 1 — Position of this standard, within the modular structure of the set of EPB standards Overarching
Building (as such) Technical Building Systems
Descriptions
Descriptions
Descriptions Heating Cooling Ventilation Humidification Dehumidification Domestic Hot water Lighting Building automation and control Electricity production sub1
M1 sub1 M2 sub1
M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 1 General
1 General 1 General 15316–1
15316–1
2 Common terms and definitions; symbols, units and subscripts
2 Building Energy Needs 2 Needs
12831–3
3 Applications
3 (Free) Indoor Conditions without Systems 3 Maximum Load and Power 12831–1
12831–3
4 Ways to Express Energy
Performance
4 Ways to Express Energy Performance 4 Ways to Express Energy Performance 15316–1
15316–1
5 Building
Functions and Building Boundaries
5 Heat Transfer by Transmission 5 Emission and control 15316–2 15316–2
6 Building Occupancy and Operating Conditions
6 Heat Transfer by Infiltration and Ventilation 6 Distribution and control 15316–3 15316–3
15316–3
SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 9 Overarching
Building (as such) Technical Building Systems
Descriptions
Descriptions
Descriptions Heating Cooling Ventilation Humidification Dehumidification Domestic Hot water Lighting Building automation and control Electricity production sub1
M1 sub1 M2 sub1
M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 7 Aggregation of Energy Services and Energy Carriers
7 Internal
Heat Gains 7 Storage and control 15316–5
15316–5 15316–4–3
8 Building Partitioning
8 Solar
Heat Gains 8 Generation
8–1 Combustion boilers 15316–4–1
15316–4–1
8–2 Heat pumps 15316–4–2 15316–4–2
15316–4–2
8–3 Thermal solar Photovoltaics 15316–4–3
15316–4–3
15316–4–3
8–4 On-site cogeneration 15316–4–4
15316–4–4
15316–4–4
8–5 District heating and cooling 15316–4–5 15316–4–5
15316–4–5
8–6 Direct electrical heater 15316–4–9
15316–4–9
8–7 Wind turbines
15316–4–10
8–8 Radiant heating, stoves 15316–4–8
SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 10 Overarching
Building (as such) Technical Building Systems
Descriptions
Descriptions
Descriptions Heating Cooling Ventilation Humidification Dehumidification Domestic Hot water Lighting Building automation and control Electricity production sub1
M1 sub1 M2 sub1
M3 M4 M5 M6 M7 M8 M9 M10 M11 9 Calculated Energy Performance
9 Building Dynamics (thermal mass) 9 Load dispatching and operating conditions 15316–1
10 Measured
Energy
Performance
10 Measured Energy Performance 10 Measured Energy Performance 15378–3
15378–3
11 Inspection
11 Inspection 11 Inspection 15378–1
15378–1
12 Ways to Express Indoor Comfort
12 – 12 BMS
13 External Environment Conditions
14 Economic Calculation 15459–1
NOTE The shaded modules are not applicable.
SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 11 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 7345:1995, Thermal insulation — Physical quantities and definitions (ISO 7345:1987) EN ISO 52000-1:2017, Energy performance of buildings — Overarching EPB assessment — Part 1: General framework and procedures (ISO 52000-1:2017) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 7345:1995, EN ISO 52000-1:2017 and the following specific definitions apply. 3.1 global cost CG sum of the present value of the initial investments costs, annual running costs and replacement costs (referred to the starting year) as well as disposal costs if applicable Note 1 to entry: Figure 1 illustrates how a selection of type of costs take place during the calculation period. Note 2 to entry: For the calculation at macroeconomic level an additional cost category costs of greenhouse gas emissions is introduced.
Key 1 tTC calculation period (50 years for example) 2 COinv investment cost 3 COrun running costs 4 COrepl replacement costs Figure 1 — Global cost presentation SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 12 3.2 initial investment cost COinv cost incurred up to the point when the building (or the building element) is delivered to the customer, ready to use Note 1 to entry: These costs include design, purchase of building elements, connection to suppliers, installation and commissioning process. Note 2 to entry: The costs are those that are presented to the customer. 3.3 running cost COrun cost including maintenance cost, operational cost and energy cost for the time step considered 3.4 maintenance cost COma cost for measures for preserving and restoring the desired quality of the building, building element or installation Note 1 to entry:
This includes annual costs for inspection, cleaning, adjustments, repair under preventive maintenance, consumable items. 3.5 operational cost COOp cost linked to the operation of the building, including annual costs for insurance, utility charges and other standing charges and taxes 3.6 energy cost COen cost and fixed and peak charges for energy including national taxes Note 1 to entry: Conventionally, contracts for energy delivered are included in energy costs. It is considered good practice to include the external costs and metering costs in economic calculations and to specify them. 3.7 periodic costs of year i COper(i) substitute investment that is necessary for age reasons; that corresponds to cost replacement of all components (or system) according to their lifespan that occur on year i Note 1 to entry: Periodic costs include all replacement costs for any components or system that occur the same year. SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 13 3.8 replacement cost for component or system CORpl(j); LS(n) substitute investment for a building element, according to the estimated economic lifecycle during the calculation period Note 1 to entry: Replacement costs for component or system include the periodic costs of component j at time LSn, 2LSn,… that correspond to the economic lifecycle of the component (including disposal of component j). 3.9 annual costs COa costs that represent the sum of running costs and periodic costs or replacement costs paid in a certain year 3.10 cost of green house gas emissions COCO2 monetary value of environmental damage caused by CO2 emissions related to the energy consumption in buildings Note 1 to entry: CO2 emissions encounter effects of all greenhouse gases weighted with their global warming potential expressed as an equivalent to CO2 during a 100 year period (EN 15978). 3.11 disposal cost COdisp cost for deconstruction at the end of life of a building or building element and include deconstruction, removal of building elements that have not yet come to the end of their lifetime, transport and recycling 3.12 price development rate RATdev development over time of prices for energy, products, building systems, services, labour, maintenance and other costs and that can be different from the inflation rate EXAMPLE
RATen _1 is the rate of development of prices for energy 1 (rate could be different depending on the energy considered) RATop is the rate of development of prices for human operation RATpr
is the rate of development of prices for products 3.13 discount rate RATdisc definite value for comparison of the value of money at different times expressed in real terms Note 1 to entry: Corresponds to the interest rate which is charged or paid for the use of money for the calculation period considered. SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 14 3.14 discount factor PVAi multiplicative number which is used to convert a cash flow occurring at a given point in time (year i) to its equivalent value at the starting point and which is derived from the discount rate 3.15 life span LS(j) economic lifetime expectancy for a component j (or system) normally specified in years 3.16 economic lifecycle LSe(j) time period over which an asset’s Net Present Value is maximized Note 1 to entry: Economic life can be less than absolute physical life for reasons of technological obsolescence, physical deterioration, or product life cycle. 3.17 payback period PB time when the investment costs are balanced with the monetary savings occurring 3.18 starting year T0 year on which any calculation is based and from which the calculation period is determined 3.19 calculation period TC time period considered for the calculation usually expressed in year 3.20 residual (or final) value VALfin sum of residual values of the building and building elements at the end of the calculation period Note 1 to entry: Residual value corresponds to the value of the component j at the end of the calculation period. Residual value is compared with the initial investment at the time of installation (example in Figure 2). SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 15
Key 1 Time (a)
2 tTC calculation period (30 years for example) 3 COinv investment cost 4 COriun running costs 5 COper periodic costs (period is identical for all components or systems to be replaced) 6 VALfin residual value Figure 2 — Presentation of the final value 3.21 present value factor PVAL_f multiplying factor used for adjustment of the cost at year i to starting year of the calculation 3.22 global unitary cost GC_x cost obtained by the division of the global cost per the calculation period and the surface of the building Note 1 to entry: The definition of the surface of the building used to weight the global cost should be consistent with the one used for energy calculation or display of the performance of the building. 4 Symbols and abbreviations 4.1 Symbols For the purposes of this document, the symbols given in EN ISO 52000-1 and the specific symbols listed in Table 2 apply. SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 16 Table 2 — Symbols and units Symbol Name of quantity Unit CG Global cost € CO Costs € INT Interest rate % LS Lifespan, lifecycle or design duration Year - a PB Payback period Year - a PVAL Present value € t Year for the time step year RAT Rate, interest rate, discount rate, price development rate % tTC Calculation period Year VAL Value € D_f Discount factor - PVAL_f Present value factor -
4.2 Subscripts For the purposes of this document, the subscripts given in EN ISO 52000-1 and the specific subscripts listed in Table 3 apply. SIST EN 15459-1:2018



EN 15459-1:2017 (E) 17 Table 3 — Subscript Level Level 2 Cost category related Building an Annual Ser service m Monthly BG Building Disc Discount L Lighting Fin Final, residual EPus EPB services Hu Human Apl Appliances
nEPus non EPB services INIT Initial BAC Building automation and control Inv Investment Tr Transport M
...