SIST EN ISO 22315:2018

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 22315:2018
01-december-2018
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Societal security - Mass evacuation - Guidelines for planning (ISO 22315:2014)
Sicherheit und Schutz des Gemeinwesens - Massenevakuierung - Leitfaden für die
Planung (ISO 22315:2014)
Sécurité sociétale - Évacuation de masse - Lignes directrices pour la planification (ISO
22315:2014)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 22315:2018
ICS:
03.100.01 Organizacija in vodenje Company organization and
podjetja na splošno management in general
SIST EN ISO 22315:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 22315:2018

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SIST EN ISO 22315:2018


EN ISO 22315
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

September 2018
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 03.100.01
English Version

Societal security - Mass evacuation - Guidelines for
planning (ISO 22315:2014)
Sécurité sociétale - Évacuation de masse - Lignes Sicherheit und Schutz des Gemeinwesens -
directrices pour la planification (ISO 22315:2014) Massenevakuierung - Leitfaden für die Planung (ISO
22315:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 23 July 2017.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2018 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 22315:2018 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 22315:2018
EN ISO 22315:2018 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3

2

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SIST EN ISO 22315:2018
EN ISO 22315:2018 (E)
European foreword
The text of ISO 22315:2014 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 292 "Security and
resilience” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as
EN ISO 22315:2018 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 391 “Societal and Citizen Security” the secretariat
of which is held by NEN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2019, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by March 2019.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 22315:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 22315:2018 without any modification.
3

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SIST EN ISO 22315:2018

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SIST EN ISO 22315:2018
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 22315
First edition
2014-12-01
Societal security — Mass evacuation
— Guidelines for planning
Sécurité sociétale — Évacuation de masse — Lignes directrices pour
la planification
Reference number
ISO 22315:2014(E)
©
ISO 2014

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SIST EN ISO 22315:2018
ISO 22315:2014(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2014
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
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Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 22315:2018
ISO 22315:2014(E)

Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 General aspects for mass evacuation planning . 2
4.1 Introduction . 2
4.2 Risk assessment . 2
4.3 Compliance with legislation and policies . 3
4.4 Information gathering and analysis . 3
4.5 Planning operational resource allocation . 4
4.6 Planning and documenting processes . 4
4.7 Effective multi-agency partnering arrangements . 4
4.8 Training and exercising . 5
5 Prepare the public for mass evacuation. 6
5.1 General . 6
5.2 Identify how the public can prepare for mass evacuation . 6
5.3 Use research findings when developing plans . 7
5.4 Identify key characteristics of the population . 7
5.5 Evaluate each identified social group . 8
5.6 Introduce products, services, and activities which improve preparedness . 8
5.7 Reduce barriers to preparing for mass evacuation . 8
6 Visualize the areas that are at risk or affected . 9
6.1 General . 9
6.2 Map data about the area that is at risk or affected . 9
6.3 Types of information to capture on maps.10
6.4 Ensure the compatibility of data to build maps .10
7 Make the evacuation decision .10
7.1 General .10
7.2 Develop an evacuation decision-making process .11
7.2.1 Evacuation activation points .11
7.3 Use evacuation objectives .11
7.4 Resolve conflicting evacuation objectives .12
7.5 Identify information needed to order an evacuation .13
7.6 Ensure that decision-makers have access to needed information .13
7.7 Identify factors that drive decisions for specific risks .13
7.8 Developing a system to track and log decisions made.13
8 Public warning .14
8.1 General .14
8.2 Systems to warn and inform the public .14
8.3 Promote a community-based warning system .14
8.4 Protocols for communication with various stakeholders .15
8.4.1 The public .15
8.4.2 Special facilities.16
8.5 Design and test a template for the warning message .16
8.6 Analyse the anticipated time to warn the public .17
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SIST EN ISO 22315:2018
ISO 22315:2014(E)

9 Analyse evacuee movement .17
9.1 General .17
9.2 Understand potential population movement .17
9.3 Understand evacuees’ transportation behaviour .18
9.4 Identify demand and availability of the transport network .18
9.5 Identify transport performance measures and targets .19
9.6 Analyse transport strategies and policies .19
9.7 Communicate transport information to the public .20
10 Assess evacuee shelter requirements .20
10.1 General .20
10.2 Estimate shelter demand .20
10.3 Identify suitable shelters .21
10.4 Establish shelter agreements .21
10.5 Analyse shelter availability during the incident .21
10.6 Manage evacuee registration and support services .22
10.7 Organize shelter supplies and mutual aid .22
10.8 Develop a safe return plan .22
11 Evaluate and continually improve .23
Bibliography .24
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SIST EN ISO 22315:2018
ISO 22315:2014(E)

Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT), see the following URL: Foreword — Supplementary information.
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 223, Societal security.
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SIST EN ISO 22315:2018
ISO 22315:2014(E)

Introduction
This International Standard provides guidance on planning for mass evacuation. An evacuation in
response to a risk or threat is the movement of people from a designated area. In this context a mass
evacuation is characterized by the need for multi-agency collaboration and resources. Typically this
involves a larger number of people or wider area at risk. It is difficult to define mass evacuation in terms
of numbers or scale because disasters, communities and responder capabilities differ. However, it can
be considered in terms of the number of evacuees exceeding an everyday scale of response such as the
evacuation of a city, region or large populated area.
The need for evacuation can arise from naturally occurring events, human induced events (both
intentional and unintentional) and events caused by technological failures. Some events require an
immediate evacuation while others give advanced warning.
Effective planning is important to help save human life and reduce suffering. Planning helps to deliver
an effective response and is part of emergency management. This International Standard provides
guidance for developing mass evacuation plans, supporting decision-making, increasing the potential
for an effective response, and strengthening preparedness of the public and organizations. It also
recognizes that there are barriers that could hinder people from evacuating, such as concern for pets,
valuable possessions or items that sustain livelihoods.
This International Standard is intended for use by those responsible for establishing mass evacuation
plans as well as preparing locations to receive evacuees on a mass scale. It includes the following eight
activities that also provide the structure to the eight clauses in this International Standard (Clauses 4 to
11), the order of which does not necessarily suggest a sequence.
Table 1 — Clauses 4-11 in this International Standard
General aspects for mass evacuation planning (Clause 4)
Prepare Visualize the Make the Public Analyse Assess Evaluate and
the public areas that evacuation warning evacuee evacuee continually
for mass are at risk decision (Clause 8) movement shelter improve
evacuation or affected (Clause 7) (Clause 9) requirements (Clause 11)
(Clause 5) (Clause 6) (Clause 10)
Table 1 illustrates that there are some general aspects for mass evacuation planning (Clause 4) (for
example, risk assessment and exercising) and these support the provisions contained in Clauses 5 to 11.
A plan to prepare the public to react effectively (Clause 5) and a plan to understand and visualize an area
at risk and/or an affected area (Clause 6) provide decision-makers with information to enable them to
decide whether to call for an evacuation. A plan to make the decision to call for an evacuation (Clause 7)
aims to ensure that the decision-making process, objectives and participants are appropriate. A plan to
warn the public of the need to react as advised (Clause 8) considers protocols for communication and
community-based warning systems. Plans also consider the analysis of evacuee movement to an area of
safety (Clause 9), for example, to understand transportation needs, demands and availability. Plans also
aim to assess evacuee shelter requirements (Clause 10). For example, they can identify the demand for
shelters and establish agreements to provide shelters. A plan for evaluating and continually improving
evacuation plans (Clause 11) concludes this International Standard.
While this International Standard recognizes the importance of stabilizing the affected area after an
evacuation, as well as the importance of protecting property and preserving the environment, these
aspects are not its main focus.
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SIST EN ISO 22315:2018
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22315:2014(E)
Societal security — Mass evacuation — Guidelines for
planning
1 Scope
This International Standard provides guidelines for mass evacuation planning in terms of establishing,
implementing, monitoring, evaluating, reviewing and improving preparedness. It establishes a
framework for each activity in mass evacuation planning for all identified hazards. It will help
organizations to develop plans that are evidence-based and that can be evaluated for their effectiveness.
This International Standard is intended for use by organizations with responsibility for, or involvement in,
part or all of the planning for mass evacuation. It is applicable to all types and sizes of organizations that are
involved in the planning for mass evacuation, such as local, regional, and national governments; statutory
bodies; international and non-governmental organizations; businesses; and public and social groups.
This International Standard covers planning for mass evacuation in order to gain a more effective
response during the actual evacuation. It will assist organizations to meet their obligation of saving
human life and reducing suffering.
This International Standard does not cover activities to stabilize the affected area after an evacuation,
protect property and preserve the environment.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 22300, Societal security — Terminology
ISO 22320, Societal security — Emergency management — Requirements for incident response
ISO 22322, Societal Security — Emergency management — Public warning
ISO 22398, Societal security — Guidelines for exercises
ISO 31000, Risk management — Principles and guidelines
ISO/IEC 31010, Risk management — Risk assessment techniques
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 22300 and the following apply:
3.1
incident management system
system that defines the roles and responsibilities of personnel and the operating procedures to be used
in the management of incidents
3.2
preparedness
knowledge and capacities developed to effectively anticipate, respond to, and recover from the impact
of likely imminent or current hazard events or conditions
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SIST EN ISO 22315:2018
ISO 22315:2014(E)

3.3
community-based warning system
method to communicate information to the public through established networks
3.4
area at risk
location that could be affected by a disaster
Note 1 to entry: The term is more relevant to preventative evacuations
3.5
affected area
location that has been impacted by a disaster
Note 1 to entry: The term is more relevant to immediate evacuations
4 General aspects for mass evacuation planning
4.1 Introduction
The organization should develop, implement and document transparent decision-making processes,
some of which are common across all activities for mass evacuation planning. Clause 4 details planning
issues which are common across Clauses 5 to 11, including:
— risk assessment (4.2);
— compliance with legislations and policies (4.3);
— information gathering and analysis (4.4);
— planning operational resource allocation (4.5);
— planning and documenting processes (4.6);
— effective multi-agency partnering arrangements (4.7);
— training and exercising (4.8).
4.2 Risk assessment
The organization should develop processes for risk management which includes performing a risk
assessment in accordance with ISO 31000 and ISO/IEC 31010. The risk assessments should be:
— strategic (determining the risks associated with when to order an evacuation) or tactical (deciding
to evacuate an area with a high proportion of vulnerable people, thereby creating a higher risk of
being unable to evacuate them in time);
— conducted for specific locations (including the shelter area);
— conducted for known risks and their different evacuation scenarios;
— conducted before, during and after an evacuation to understand how the situation changes over
time in terms of the hazard, population, infrastructure and transportation;
— used to influence resource management and the evacuation response;
— updated during an incident as new data are received from different sources.
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SIST EN ISO 22315:2018
ISO 22315:2014(E)

4.3 Compliance with legislation and policies
The organization should be aware of all applicable legislation and relevant policies and develop plans for
mass evacuation that are consistent with their requirements.
The organization should use applicable legislation and policies operating at international, national,
regional and local levels. These should:
— be used to plan for mass evacuation and inform the plans, activities, decisions and models developed;
— be consulted to understand what can and cannot be done to protect the public;
— consider situations where people decide not to evacuate and to determine the risks;
— consider the responsibilities of different organizations during a mass evacuation and the regulations
that govern these organizations;
— be used to document and demonstrate how to limit the organization’s liability and the damage to
its reputation;
— be monitored regularly as part of the planning process to identify changes that could affect the
mass evacuation plan.
4.4 Information gathering and analysis
The organization should gather information from multiple sources of planning information and consider
the value of each aspect. The information gathered should include the following:
— the demographics of people in an area at risk;
— the proportion of people who would take their own evacuation transport;
— the people who would use evacuation shelters.
The organization should assess the quality of information gathered, determine its reliability and
potential long and short-term consequences, and its influence on the evacuation decision, using the
following criteria:
— the frequency with which the information is updated;
— the source of
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