SIST-TP CLC/TR 60919-2:2011

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TP CLC/TR 60919-2:2011
01-januar-2011
Lastnosti visokonapetostnih enosmernih (HVDC) sistemov z vodovno
komutiranimi pretvorniki - 2. del: Okvare in stikanje (IEC/TR 60919-2:2008)
Performance of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems with linecommutated
converters - Part 2: Faults and switching (IEC/TR 60919-2:2008)
Betriebsverhalten netzgeführter Stromrichter in Hochspannungsgleichstrom (HGÜ)-
Systemen - Teil 2: Fehler und Schalten (IEC/TR 60919-2:2008)
Fonctionnement des systèmes à courant continu haute tension (CCHT) munis de
convertisseurs commutés par le réseau - Partie 2: Défauts et manoeuvres (CEI/TR
60919-2:2008)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CLC/TR 60919-2:2010
ICS:
29.200 8VPHUQLNL3UHWYRUQLNL Rectifiers. Convertors.
6WDELOL]LUDQRHOHNWULþQR Stabilized power supply
QDSDMDQMH
SIST-TP CLC/TR 60919-2:2011 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-TP CLC/TR 60919-2:2011

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SIST-TP CLC/TR 60919-2:2011

TECHNICAL REPORT
CLC/TR 60919-2

RAPPORT TECHNIQUE
October 2010
TECHNISCHER BERICHT

ICS 29.200; 29.240.99


English version


Performance of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems with line-
commutated converters -
Part 2: Faults and switching
(IEC/TR 60919-2:2008)


Fonctionnement des systèmes à courant Betriebsverhalten netzgeführter
continu haute tension (CCHT) munis de Stromrichter in
convertisseurs commutés par le réseau - Hochspannungsgleichstrom (HGÜ)-
Partie 2: Défauts et manoeuvres Systemen -
Teil 2: Fehler und Schalten
(CEI/TR 60919-2:2008)
(IEC/TR 60919-2:2008)



This Technical Report was approved by CENELEC on 2010-09-17.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.


CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels


© 2010 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.
Ref. No. CLC/TR 60919-2:2010 E

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SIST-TP CLC/TR 60919-2:2011
CLC/TR 60919-2:2010 – 2 –
Foreword
This Technical Report consists of the text of the International Technical Report IEC/TR 60919-2:2008
prepared by SC 22F, Power electronics for electrical transmission and distribution systems, of
IEC TC 22, Power electronic systems and equipment.
It was circulated for voting in accordance with the Internal Regulations, Part 2, Subclause 11.4.3.3
(simple majority) and was accepted by CENELEC as CLC/TR 60919-2 on 2010-09-17.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the Technical Report IEC/TR 60919-2:2008 was approved by CENELEC as a Technical
Report without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards
indicated:
IEC 60071-1:2006 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60071-1:2006 (not modified).
IEC 60071-2:1996 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60071-2:1997 (not modified).
IEC 60076 series NOTE  Harmonized in EN 60076 series (partially modified).
IEC 60044-5:2004 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60044-5:2004 (not modified).
IEC 60076-6:2007 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60076-6:2008 (not modified).
IEC 60505:2004 NOTE  Harmonized as EN 60505:2004 (not modified).
__________

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SIST-TP CLC/TR 60919-2:2011
– 3 – CLC/TR 60919-2:2010
Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE  Where an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60071-1 - Insulation co-ordination - - -
Part 1: Terms, definitions, principles and rules
IEC 60146-1-1 1991 Semiconductor convertors - General EN 60146-1-1 1993
+ A1 1996 requirements and line commutated convertors - + A1 1997
Part 1-1: Specifications of basic requirements
IEC/TR 60146-1-2 - Semiconductor convertors - General - -
requirements and line commutated convertors -
Part 1-2: Application guide
IEC 60146-1-3 - Semiconductor convertors - General EN 60146-1-3 -
requirements and line commutated convertors -
Part 1-3: Transformers and reactors
IEC 60633 - Terminology for high-voltage direct current EN 60633 -
(HVDC) transmission
IEC 60700-1 - Thyristor valves for high voltage direct current EN 60700-1 -
(HVDC) power transmission -
Part 1: Electrical testing
IEC/TR 60919-1 2005 Performance of high-voltage direct current CLC/TR 6091-1 2005
(HVDC) systems with line-commutated
converters -
Part 1: Steady-state conditions
IEC 60919-3 - Performance of high-voltage direct current - -
(HVDC) systems -
Part 3: Dynamic conditions

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SIST-TP CLC/TR 60919-2:2011

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SIST-TP CLC/TR 60919-2:2011
IEC/TR 60919-2
Edition 2.0 2008-11
TECHNICAL
REPORT
RAPPORT
TECHNIQUE
Performance of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) systems with line-
commutated converters –
Part 2: Faults and switching

Fonctionnement des systèmes à courant continu haute tension (CCHT) munis
de convertisseurs commutés par le réseau –
Partie 2: Défauts et manœuvres

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
XB
CODE PRIX
ICS 29.200; 29.240.99 ISBN 2-8318-1006-0
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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SIST-TP CLC/TR 60919-2:2011
– 2 – TR 60919-2 © IEC:2008
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.6
1 Scope.8
2 Normative references .9
3 Outline of HVDC transient performance specifications .9
3.1 Transient performance specifications .9
3.2 General comment .10
4 Switching transients without faults.10
4.1 General .10
4.2 Energization and de-energization of a.c. side equipment .10
4.3 Load rejection .12
4.4 Start-up and shut-down of converter units .13
4.5 Operation of d.c. breakers and d.c. switches .13
5 AC system faults .15
5.1 General .15
5.2 Fault categories .16
5.3 Specification matters affecting transient performance.16
5.3.1 Effective a.c. system impedance.16
5.3.2 Power transfer during faults.16
5.3.3 Recovery following fault clearing .17
5.3.4 Reactive power consumption during fault and post-fault recovery
periods .18
5.3.5 Load rejection due to a.c. faults.18
5.3.6 Switching of reactive power equipment .19
5.3.7 Effects of harmonic voltages and current during faults .19
5.3.8 Shift in control modes of operation .19
5.3.9 Power modulation on the HVDC system.20
5.3.10 Emergency power reductions.20
5.4 Specification impact on control strategy .20
6 AC filters, reactive power equipment and a.c. bus faults .21
6.1 General .21
6.2 Transient overvoltages in filter banks .21
6.3 Transient overcurrents in filter and capacitor banks.22
6.4 Capacitor unbalance protection .23
6.5 Examples of protection of filters and capacitor banks .23
6.6 Shunt reactor protection .24
6.7 AC bus protection.24
7 Converter unit faults .27
7.1 General .27
7.2 Short circuits .27
7.3 Failure of converter unit to perform its intended function .28
7.3.1 General .28
7.3.2 Rectifier operation .28
7.3.3 Inverter operation .29
7.4 Converter unit protection .29
7.4.1 Converter differential protection.29
7.4.2 Overcurrent protection.29

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SIST-TP CLC/TR 60919-2:2011
TR 60919-2 © IEC:2008 – 3 –
7.4.3 AC overvoltage protection .29
7.4.4 Protection against large delay angle operation .29
7.4.5 Commutation failure protection .30
7.4.6 Thyristor valve protections.30
7.4.7 Transformer protection .30
7.4.8 Transformer tap-changer unbalance protection.30
7.4.9 AC connection earth fault protection .30
7.5 Additional protection aspects of series connected converter units .30
7.6 Additional protection aspects of parallel connected converter units .31
8 DC reactor, d.c. filter and other d.c. equipment faults .33
8.1 General .33
8.2 Fault types .34
8.3 Protection zones .34
8.4 Neutral protection.34
8.4.1 General .34
8.4.2 Neutral fault detection .34
8.4.3 Neutral bus fault isolation .35
8.4.4 Bipolar neutral bus faults .35
8.5 DC reactor protection .35
8.6 DC harmonic filter protection .35
8.6.1 General .35
8.6.2 Filter bank fault protection .36
8.6.3 DC filter capacitor unit protection.36
8.7 DC harmonic protection.36
8.8 DC overvoltage protection .36
8.9 DC side switching protection .37
9 DC line faults.38
9.1 Overhead line faults .38
9.2 Cable faults .39
9.3 DC fault characteristics .39
9.4 Functional d.c. fault detection requirements .40
9.5 Protective sequence.40
9.5.1 Overhead line faults .40
9.5.2 Faults in cable systems .40
9.5.3 Faults in an overhead line/cable system .40
9.5.4 Faults in one of a system of parallel-connected cables .40
9.5.5 Fault in a system of parallel overhead lines .41
9.6 Fault protection schemes .41
9.7 Open circuit on the d.c. side .42
9.8 Power line cross protection .42
10 Earth electrode line faults.42
10.1 General .42
10.2 Specific requirements – Earth electrode line.42
10.3 Electrode line supervision .43
11 Metallic return conductor faults.43
11.1 Conductor for the return circuit .43
11.2 Metallic return faults.43
11.3 Fault detection – Metallic return .44

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SIST-TP CLC/TR 60919-2:2011
– 4 – TR 60919-2 © IEC:2008
11.4 Metallic return fault protection systems.44
12 Insulation co-ordination – HVDC systems .47
12.1 General .47
12.2 Protection schemes using surge arresters .47
12.3 Switching overvoltages and temporary overvoltages on the a.c. side .48
12.4 Switching overvoltages and temporary overvoltages on the d.c. side .48
12.5 Lightning and steep fronted surges .48
12.6 Protective margins.49
12.7 Arrester duties .50
12.7.1 AC bus arresters (A , A and A ).50
1 2 3
12.7.2 Arrester across filter reactors (FA).50
12.7.3 Valve arresters (V) .51
12.7.4 Mid-point d.c. bus arrester (M).51
12.7.5 Converter unit d.c. bus arresters (CB) and converter unit arresters.51
12.7.6 DC bus and d.c. line arresters (DB and DL) .51
12.7.7 Neutral bus arresters (E and E ) .52
1 2
12.7.8 DC reactor arrester (R).52
12.7.9 DC filter arresters (FD) .52
12.8 Prevention of protective relay action due to arrester currents.52
12.9 Insulation clearances.52
12.10 Creepage distances for the insulation .52
12.10.1 Outdoor insulation .52
12.10.2 Indoor insulation.53
13 Telecommunication requirements .56
13.1 General .56
13.2 Specific requirements - Telecommunication systems.56
13.3 Consequence of telecommunication system outages .57
13.4 Special considerations for power line carrier (PLC) systems.57
14 Auxiliary systems.58
14.1 General .58
14.2 Electrical auxiliary systems .58
14.2.1 General requirements .58
14.2.2 Specific requirements .59
14.3 Mechanical auxiliary systems .59
Bibliography.61

Figure 1 – DC-side switches for an HVDC substation with series-connected converter unit.15
Figure 2 – Example of voltage dependent control characteristics .21
Figure 3 – Example of arrangement of a.c. filters and capacitor and reactor banks for
large bipolar HVDC.25
Figure 4 – Example of current transformer arrangements for a.c. filters and a.c. bus
differential protections .25
Figure 5 – Example of restricted ground fault protection of filter.26
Figure 6 – Example of current transformers arrangement for capacitor bank unbalance
protecttion and overload protection of double tuned filter arm .26
Figure 7 – Examples of a.c. phase short circuits, pole short circuits and faults in a
twelve-pulse converter unit .32
Figure 8 – Protection zones in series-connected converter units .33

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SIST-TP CLC/TR 60919-2:2011
TR 60919-2 © IEC:2008 – 5 –
Figure 9 – Protection zones in parallel-connected converter units .33
Figure 10 – Example of d.c. protection zones for series-connected converter units .37
Figure 11 – Example of d.c. protection zones for parallel-connected converter pole.38
Figure 12 – Monopolar metallic return system showing metallic return transfer breaker
(MRTB).45
Figure 13 – Monopolar operation of a bipolar system during converter pole outages.45
Figure 14 – DC current flowing into an a.c. system during a fault on a metallic return
conductor when the HVDC substation mat is used for grounding of the d.c. circuit.45
Figure 15 – Earth current flowing during line faults .46
Figure 16 – Example of metallic return fault detection system by means of auxiliary a.c.
signal.46
Figure 17 – Example of use of MRTB to quench fault to earth on metallic return
conductor.47
Figure 18 – Example of an arrester protection schene for an HVDC substation .53
Figure 19 – Example of a d.c. arrester protection scheme for a back to back HVDC
substation .54
Figure 20 –Example of an arrester protection arrangement for a capacitor commutated
converter HVDC substation.54
Figure 21 – Example of an a.c. arrester protection arrangement for an HVDC
substation .55
Figure 22 – Example of an arrester protection scheme in a HVDC substation with
series-connected converters. .55

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SIST-TP CLC/TR 60919-2:2011
– 6 – TR 60919-2 © IEC:2008
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

PERFORMANCE OF HIGH-VOLTAGE DIRECT CURRENT
(HVDC) SYSTEMS WITH LINE-COMMUTATED CONVERTERS –

Part 2: Faults and switching


FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. However, a
technical committee may propose the publication of a technical report when it has collected
data of a different kind from that which is normally published as an International Standard, for
example "state of the art".
IEC 60919-2, which is a technical report, has been prepared by subcommittee 22F: Power
electronics for electrical transmission and distribution systems, of IEC technical committee 22:
Power electronic systems and equipment.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition, published in 1991, and constitutes
a technical revision.
This edition includes the following main changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) this report concerns only line-commutated converters;
b) significant changes have been made to the control system technology;

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SIST-TP CLC/TR 60919-2:2011
TR 60919-2 © IEC:
...