SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Stroji za predelavo gume in plastike - Drobilni stroji - 4. del: Varnostne zahteve za aglomeratorjeKunststoff- und Gummimaschinen - Zerkleinerungsmaschinen - Teil 4: Sicherheitsanforderungen für AgglomeratorenMachines pour les matières plastiques et le caoutchouc - Machines à fragmenter - Partie 4: Prescriptions de sécurité relatives aux agglomérateursPlastics and rubber machines - Size reduction machines - Part 4: Safety requirements for agglomerators83.200Oprema za gumarsko industrijo in industrijo polimernih materialovEquipment for the rubber and plastics industriesICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008en01-november-2008SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008SLOVENSKI
STANDARD



SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 12012-4:2006+A1
September 2008 ICS 83.200 Supersedes EN 12012-4:2006 English Version
Plastics and rubber machines - Size reduction machines - Part 4: Safety requirements for agglomerators
Machines pour les matières plastiques et le caoutchouc - Machines à fragmenter - Partie 4: Prescriptions de sécurité relatives aux agglomérateurs
Kunststoff- und Gummimaschinen - Zerkleinerungsmaschinen - Teil 4: Sicherheitsanforderungen für Agglomeratoren This European Standard was approved by CEN on 11 October 2006 and includes Amendment 1 approved by CEN on 8 June 2008.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels © 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008: ESIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008



EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.4 Introduction.5 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.6 3 Terms and definitions.7 4 List of significant hazards.8 4.1 Mechanical hazards.8 4.2 Thermal hazards.8 4.3 Noise hazards.8 4.4 Hazards generated by dust, fumes and gases.8 4.5 Hazards due to electrical energy.9 4.6 Hazards due to unexpected start-up.9 4.7 Falls from height.9 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures.9 5.1 General.9 5.2 Mechanical hazards.9 5.2.1 Access through openings in the agglomerator chamber.9 5.2.2 Feed material that is not pre-cut.9 5.2.3 Ejection of parts or materials from the agglomerator chamber.10 5.2.4 Strength.10 5.3 Thermal hazards.10 5.4 Noise hazards.10 5.4.1 Noise reduction at source by design.10 5.4.2 Noise reduction by protective measures.11 5.4.3 Information connected with noise hazards.11 5.5 Hazards generated by dust, fumes and gases.11 5.6 Hazards due to electrical energy.11 5.6.1 Electrical equipment.11 5.6.2 Accumulation of electrostatic charges.12 5.7 Unexpected start-up.12 5.8 Falls from height.12 6 Verification of conformity with the safety requirements and/or protective measures.13 7 Information for use.14 7.1 Instruction manual.14 7.2 Marking.15 Annex A (normative)
Noise test code.16 A.1 Scope.16 A.2 Determination of sound power levels.16 A.2.1 Basic standards.16 A.2.2 Measurement uncertainty.16 A.3 Determination of emission sound pressure level at the workstation(s).17 A.3.1 Basic standards.17 A.3.2 Measurement uncertainty.17 A.4 Installation and mounting conditions for the noise measurement.17 A.5 Operating conditions.17 A.6 Information to be recorded and reported.18 A.6.1 General.18 SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008



EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008 (E) 3 A.6.2 General agglomerator data.18 A.6.3 Agglomerator chamber data.18 A.6.4 Standards.18 A.6.5 Noise data.18 A.6.6 Specified test parameters.19 A.6.7 Installation and operating conditions.19 A.7 Declaration and verification of noise emission values.19 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC.20 Annex ZB (informative)
!!!!Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC"""".21 Bibliography.22
SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008



EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 145 “Plastics and rubber machines”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. This document includes Amendment 1, approved by CEN on 2008-06-08. The main changes compared to the previous version are:
• addition of Annex ZB
• minor changes of Foreword, sub-clause 7.2, second and third indents, Annex A, A.7, 2nd indent.
This document supersedes EN 12012-4:2006. The start and finish of text introduced or altered by amendment is indicated in the text by tags ! " This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive. !For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document." This is the fourth in a series of standards on the safety of size reduction machines. Part 1 deals with blade granulators. Part 2 deals with strand pelletisers. Part 3 deals with shredders. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008



EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008 (E) 5 Introduction This European Standard is a type C standard as stated in EN ISO 12100:2003. The machinery concerned and the extent to which hazards, hazardous situations and events are covered are indicated in the scope of this European Standard. When provisions of this type C standard are different from those that are stated in type A or B standards, the provisions of this type C standard take precedence over the provisions of the other standards, for machines that have been designed and built in accordance with the provisions of this type C standard. SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008



EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008 (E) 6
1 Scope This European Standard specifies the essential safety requirements applicable to the design and construction of agglomerators used to densify plastic scrap, reducing its size and/or volume. The limits of the agglomerator are as follows:  the outer edge of the feed opening, or outer edge of the fixed feed device (e.g. hopper) or the interface between the feed system (e.g. conveyor) and the agglomerator chamber and  the outer edge of the discharge opening of the agglomerator chamber or the interface between the agglomerator chamber and the discharge system. Only the significant hazards listed in Clause 4 and dealt with in Clause 5 are subject to this European Standard. This European Standard does not deal with hazards caused by processing materials (such as Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) and Polyurethane (PU) foam) which, when heated, may lead to a risk of fire and release of toxic gases. This European Standard does not deal with hazards caused by upstream and/or downstream equipment. This European Standard is not applicable to agglomerators manufactured before the date of its approval as EN. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 294:1992, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs EN 418:1992, Safety of machinery — Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects – Principles for design EN 811:1996, Safety of machinery — Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the lower limbs EN 953:1997, Safety of machinery — Guards — General requirements for the design and construction of fixed and moveable guards EN 954-1:1996, Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design EN 1037:1995, Safety of machinery — Prevention of unexpected start-up EN 1088:1995, Safety of machinery — Interlocking devices associated with guards — Principles for design and selection EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of machinery — Electrical equipment of machines — Part 1: General requirements (IEC 60204-1:2005 modified)
SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008



EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008 (E) 7 EN ISO 4871:1996, Acoustics — Declaration and verification of noise emission values of machinery and equipment (ISO 4871:1996) EN ISO 9614-1:1995, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound intensity — Part 1: Measurement at discrete points (ISO 9614-1:1993) EN ISO 9614-2:1996, Acoustics — Determination of sound power levels of noise sources using sound intensity — Part 2: Measurement by scanning (ISO 9614-2:1996) EN ISO 12100-1:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) EN ISO 12100-2:2003, Safety of machinery — Basic concepts, general principles for design — Part 2: Technical principles (ISO 12100-2:2003) EN ISO 13732-1:2006, Ergonomics of the thermal environment - Methods for the assessment of human responses to contact with surfaces - Part 1: Hot surfaces (ISO 13732-1:2006) EN ISO 14122-1:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 1: Choice of
fixed means of access between two levels (ISO 14122-1:2001) EN ISO 14122-2:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 2: Working platforms and walkways (ISO 14122-2:2001) EN ISO 14122-3:2001, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 3: Stairs, stepladders and guard-rails
(ISO 14122-3:2001) EN ISO 14122-4:2004, Safety of machinery — Permanent means of access to machinery — Part 4: Fixed ladders (ISO 14122-4:2004) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. 3.1 agglomerator machine (sometimes called densifier) for reducing the size and volume of thermoplastic scrap in a chamber. The material is cut or kneaded, mixed, heated by friction and, thus, densified, if required by using water. Feeding the scrap can be by hand or by feed system 3.2 opening in the agglomerator chamber opening designed and constructed for feeding the material, discharging the material, inspecting the process inside the agglomerator chamber and/or maintaining the blades
3.3 blade cutting/kneading tool, that can be fixed or rotating and is used to cut/knead and heat by friction the material being processed 3.4 feed system power operated equipment (conveyor belts, nip roll feeders, feed screws etc.) used to feed the agglomerator SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008



EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008 (E) 8 3.5 fixed feed device non power operated equipment (hopper, feed table etc.) used to feed the agglomerator 3.6 discharge system power operated equipment such as extruder, output slides etc. used to discharge the material from the agglomerator chamber 4 List of significant hazards 4.1 Mechanical hazards The following can generate hazards:  crushing/shearing between the rotating blades and fixed blades or housing;  cutting/severing by the rotating and fixed blades;  crushing/shearing by the moving discharge systems;  crushing/shearing by the feed system;  entanglement by the material and being drawn into the agglomerator chamber in the case of material that has not been pre-cut before being fed into the agglomerator;  falling into the agglomerator chamber through the feed opening;  ejection of materials from the agglomerator chamber. 4.2 Thermal hazards Contact with:  hot materials ejected or falling out of openings;  steam ejected from openings where water is used;  hot materials inside the agglomerator chamber;  hot external surfaces of the agglomerator chamber. 4.3 Noise hazards Noise can result in deafness, physiological disorders, accidents due to interference with auditory signals and speech communication. Main noise sources on agglomerators are the agglomerating process, motors and transmission components. 4.4 Hazards generated by dust, fumes and gases Contact with, or inhalation of, dust, fumes or gases escaping from the openings. SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008



EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008 (E) 9 4.5 Hazards due to electrical energy Electric shock or burns caused by direct contact with live conductive parts, or with parts that have become live due to electrical fault. Electric shock due to accumulation of electrostatic charge. 4.6 Hazards due to unexpected start-up 4.7 Falls from height Falling hazards due to slipping or tripping on working platforms, steps or walkways in accessible areas of the machine. 5 Safety requirements and/or protective measures 5.1 General Machinery shall comply with the safety requirements and/or protective measures of this clause. In addition, the machine shall be designed in accordance with the principles of EN ISO 12100-2:2003 for relevant but not significant hazards, which are not dealt with by this European Standard. 5.2 Mechanical hazards 5.2.1 Access through openings in the agglomerator chamber Regardless of the location of the openings, access to the agglomerator chamber through openings shall be:  prevented by ensuring that the dimensions of the openings are in accordance with the safety distances for upper and lower limbs as described in EN 294:1992, Tables 3 or 4 and EN 811:1996 or  protected by an interlocking guard with guard locking in accordance with EN 953:1997, 3.6 and
EN 1088:1995 such that the guard remains closed and locked until all motion of the blade has ceased. Safety related parts of the control system shall be according to category 3 of EN 954-1:1996. If the fixed feed device or feed system, or the part of the agglomerator chamber containing the feed opening, or the discharge system, is capable of being moved out of position and the resulting access to the agglomerator chamber does not comply with the safety distances for upper and lower limbs described in
EN 294:1992, Tables 3 or 4 and EN 811:1996, then it shall act as an interlocking guard with guard locking in accordance with EN 953:1997, 3.6 and EN 1088:1995 such that it remains locked in position until all motion of the blade has ceased. Safety related parts of the control system shall be according to category 3 of
EN 954-1:1996. To avoid any motion of movable parts during the changing or adjusting of blades, appropriate devices and/or tools shall be provided. See 7.1.3, 7.1.4, 7.1.5, 7.1.6 and 7.1.7. 5.2.2 Feed material that is not pre-cut If a power operated feed device is fitted to an agglomerator processing continuous films, fibres, strands or similar materials likely to cause entanglement, mechanically actuated sensitive protective equipment (e.g. pressure sensitive mat), in accordance with 3.26.5 of EN 12100-1:2003 shall be provided at the feed opening SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008



EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008 (E) 10 to automatically stop the material being fed in. The sensitive protective equipment shall be activated by a force equal to or more than 150 N. See also 7.1.5. 5.2.3 Ejection of parts or materials from the agglomerator chamber The agglomerator chamber and its openings shall be designed and constructed to prevent the ejection of parts or materials. Examples of measures:  fixed inspection windows that are designed to withstand shocks caused by ejected parts;  protective flaps;  openings that are provided with deflecting screens. See also 7.1.3. 5.2.4 Strength The chamber shall be able to resist stresses due to operation. 5.3 Thermal hazards Openings shall be designed or positioned so that hot materials cannot be ejected or fall out of the agglomerator chamber. Permanently fixed warning signs indicating the presence of hot materials inside the chamber shall be positioned close to the openings. See 7.2. The agglomerator shall be designed to allow an exhaust ventilation system to be connected to it, in order to exhaust the steam resulting from the process. The surface temperature around the inspection opening and - in case of an agglomerator fed by hand - the temperature around the feed opening shall not exceed the limit value specified in EN ISO 13732-1:2006. See 7.1.8 and 7.2. See also 7.1.10. 5.4 Noise hazards 5.4.1 Noise reduction at source by design Agglomerators shall be designed and constructed so that risks resulting from the emission of airborne noise are reduced to the lowest level, taking into account technical progress and the availability of means of reducing noise, in particular at source. Useful guidance is given in EN ISO 11688-1:1998. NOTE EN ISO 11688-2:1998 gives useful information on noise generation mechanisms in machinery. Current measures to reduce noise at source are:  choice of low-noise machine components (motors, transmission systems);  use of vibration damping material for vibrating surfaces;  use of elastic transmission to prevent structure-borne noise from propagating from vibrating elements to other machine parts. SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008



EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008 (E) 11 5.4.2 Noise reduction by protective measures Amongst the measures that may be taken to reduce noise emission are:  sound insulation of the agglomerator chamber;  fitting acoustic enclosures around machine parts. 5.4.3 Information connected with noise hazards See 7.1.3, 7.1.9 and Annex A. 5.5 Hazards generated by dust, fumes and gases The agglomerator shall be designed to allow an exhaust ventilation system to be connected to it. See 7.1.2 and 7.1.10. 5.6 Hazards due to electrical energy 5.6.1 Electrical equipment 5.6.1.1 General The electrical equipment shall be in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006 and the following specific requirements. 5.6.1.2 Supply disconnecting (isolating) device The supply disconnecting devices shall be in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006, 5.3.2 a) to e). Where the supply disconnecting device is of type a) to d) the requirements of EN 60204-1:2006, 5.3.3 shall apply. 5.6.1.3 Protection against direct contact Protection against direct contact shall be in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006, 6.2. 5.6.1.4 Protection against indirect contact Protection against indirect contact shall be in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006, 6.3. 5.6.1.5 Emergency stop The emergency stop shall function as a category 0 stop in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006, 9.2.2. One or more emergency stop actuators shall be provided. The number of actuators depends on the size of the agglomerator. Actuators shall be positioned so that they are easily accessible. At least one actuator shall be positioned close to each of the operating positions and working places. In the case of small agglomerators, or agglomerators which are fed and discharged by power operated systems, a single actuator may be mounted on the control panel provided that the control panel is positioned close to the feed and discharge openings and allows a clear view of them. Actuators for the emergency stop equipment shall be in accordance with EN 418:1992. The types of device for emergency stop shall be in accordance with EN 60204-1:2006 10.7.2. SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008



EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008 (E) 12 See 7.1.6. 5.6.2 Accumulation of electrostatic charges The structure of the agglomerator shall be adequately earthed to prevent the accumulation of electrostatic charges (see CLC R 044-001:1999). Hazards arising from static electricity shall be prevented by bonding all conductive structural parts of the electrical equipment and the machine and connecting to earth. Earthing points for temporary connections shall be provided where machine assembly includes moveable metal items that are not permanently installed. See 7.1.11. 5.7 Unexpected start-up Hazards due to unexpected start-up shall be prevented in accordance with EN 1037:1995. See also 5.4 of EN 60204-1:2006. 5.8 Falls from height When it is necessary to work at height to operate, clean or maintain the agglomerator, the machine manufacturer shall supply safe working platforms, steps and walkways in accordance with
EN ISO 14122-1:2001, EN ISO 14122-2:2001, EN ISO 14122-3:2001 and EN ISO 14122-4:2004 to prevent the risk of slipping, tripping or falling. SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008



EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008 (E) 13 6 Verification of conformity with the safety requirements and/or protective measures Type test shall be used to verify the safety requirements and/or protective measures in accordance with
Table 1. Table 1 — Verification methods Verification Method Subclause Visual inspection Functional Testing a Measurement b
Design
Validation c 5.2.1 X X X X 5.2.2 X X
X 5.3 X
X X 5.4 X
X X 5.5 X
X 5.6 X X X X 5.7 X X
X 5.8 X
X X Annex A
X X a Functional testing includes verifying the function and efficiency of the guards and protective devices on the basis of:  descriptions given in the information for use;  safety related plans and circuit diagrams;  the requirements given in Clause 5 and the other quoted standards. b
Measurement of noise emission shall be carried out in accordance with Annex A. c Design validation means verifying that the design meets the safety specifications of this European Standard.
SIST EN 12012-4:2007+A1:2008



EN 12012-4:2006+A1:2008 (E) 14 7 Information for use 7.1 Instruction manual 7.1.1 The instruction manual shall be drafted in accordance with 6.5 of EN ISO 12100-2:2003. 7.1.2 The manufacturer shall indicate if the agglomerator is not designed to process flammable or toxic material. 7.1.3 The manufacturer shall provide instructions about the requirements for, and use of, personal protective equipment including protection against e.g.:  noise hazards;  contact with hot materials and surfaces;  hazards of being cut by sharp blades;  eye injuries from ejected materials. 7.1.4 The manufacturer shall provide instructions covering the various operations performed during maintenance and cleaning when the agglomerator chamber is open. The manufacturer shall provide instructions and appropriate tools for changing and adjusting of blades and fo
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