SIST EN 16813:2017

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Thermisches Spritzen - Messung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit thermisch gespritzter Nichteisenmetall-Schichten mittels WirbelstromverfahrenProjection thermique - Mesurage de la conductivité électrique des revêtements métalliques non ferreux obtenus par projection thermique, à l'aide de la méthode par courants de FoucaultThermal spraying - Measurement of the electrical conductivity of thermal sprayed non-iron metal coatings by means of eddy current method25.220.20Površinska obdelavaSurface treatment17.220.99Drugi standardi v zvezi z elektriko in magnetizmomOther standards related to electricity and magnetismICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16813:2016SIST EN 16813:2017en,fr,de01-februar-2017SIST EN 16813:2017SLOVENSKI
STANDARD



SIST EN 16813:2017



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16813
November
t r s x ICS
t wä t t rä t r English Version
Thermal spraying æ Measurement of the electrical conductivity of thermal sprayed nonæiron metal coatings by means of eddy current method Projection thermique æ Mesurage de la conductivité électrique des revêtements métalliques non ferreux obtenus par projection thermiqueá à l 5aide de la méthode par courants de Foucault
Thermisches Spritzen æ Messung der elektrischen Leitfähigkeit thermisch gespritzter NichteisenmetallæSchichten mittels Wirbelstromverfahren This European Standard was approved by CEN on
t v September
t r s xä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
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9
t r s x CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s x z s uã t r s x ESIST EN 16813:2017



EN 16813:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Measuring process . 6 4.1 Measuring method . 6 4.2 Calibration standard . 7 4.3 Measuring frequency and penetration depth . 8 4.4 Measuring instruments . 8 4.5 Factors, which have effects on the uncertainty of the measurement . 9 4.6 Limit of application . 9 5 Procedure of the measurement . 10 5.1 Calibration of the measuring instruments . 10 5.2 Measurement . 10 6 Measuring results and their assessment . 10 7 Test report and documentation . 11 Annex A (informative)
Record for the applied Electrical Conductivity Measurement . 12 A.1 General . 12 A.2 Component/part . 12 A.3 Surface preparation for spraying . 12 A.4 Spraying procedure for component/part . 12 A.5 Preparation of measurement . 13 A.6 Measuring instrument . 13 A.7 Result of the measured electrical conductivity . 13 Bibliography . 14
SIST EN 16813:2017



EN 16813:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 16813:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 240 “Thermal spraying and thermally sprayed coatings”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 16813:2017



EN 16813:2016 (E) 4 Introduction In many applications, the electrical conductivity is a relevant technical parameter. For testing of imperfections in components or technological material properties the eddy current method can be very well applied. It can be detected or determined, for example: — defects in welds; — imperfections or change in the structure of a component, for example, due to aging processes in structures made out of aluminium; — change in structure caused by temperature effects; — thickness; — physical material properties such as the electrical conductivity. Due to an interaction between high frequency magnetic fields, emitted from a measuring probe, and the eddy currents induced in the object to be measured the electrical conductivity can be determined, e.g. according to ASTM E 1004 or can be used for fast and contact less measurements of a coating thickness according to EN ISO 21968. Due to the manufacturing process thermal sprayed coatings contain a layer orientated structure. Dependent on the material used, it can also contain oxides and/or inclusions as well as porosity created due to splat boundary effects during spraying. Besides the structure with its grain boundaries, dislocations, internal stresses and impurities, e.g. oxide skins, the specific gravity of a material plays an important role for the level of the electrical conductivity. In order to produce the highest possible level of electrical conductivity in the coating, the influencing factors for the thermal spraying process should be minimized. SIST EN 16813:2017



EN 16813:2016 (E) 5 1 Scope This European standard specifies the procedure of the measurement of the electrical conductivity of non-Ferro-magnetic thermal sprayed coatings. By this measurement the absolute value of the electrical conductivity in the coating sprayed on component can be determined as well as also deviations from the agreed rated value can be used to control a running production. With that, a remarkable contribution can be applied to process and quality assurance measures of a manufacture process. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 21968, Non-magnetic metallic coatings on metallic and non-metallic basis materials - Measurement of coating thickness - Phase-sensitive eddy-current method (ISO 21968) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 electrical conductivity
physical value, which shows the ability of a material – in this case of a thermal sprayed coating – to conduct the current Note 1 to entry: It is defined to be the constant of proportionality between the current density and the electrical field intensity within the general Formula (1) of the ohmic law.
is measured in S/m. ×=J (1) where
J is the current density;
is the electrical conductivity;
E is the field intensity. 3.2 electrical resistance R value, which defines the electrical voltage, which is needed that a certain current can flow through an electrical conductor Note 1 to entry:
SIST EN 16813:2017



EN 16813:2016 (E) 6 3.3 specific electrical resistivity property of material, which is the result of the electrical resistance in a homogenous part with a constant current intensity distribution across the constant cross-section and length of the conductor and an ohmic resistance Note 1 to entry: The specific electrical resistance, see Formula (2), depends on the temperature of material and is the reciprocal value of the electrical conductivity ( =
× m). =×AL (2) where
× m;
R is the ohmic resistance;
A is the constant cross-section of the conductor;
L is the length of the conductor. 4 Measuring process 4.1
Measuring method Measuring of the absolute value of the electrical conductivity takes place usually by a current voltage measurement. However, this method is usually applied in laboratories only. If the electrical conductivity shall be determined in a component on site, primarily eddy current processes are applied. To measure the electrical conductivity of non-magnetic metals, such as aluminium, copper, brass, titanium, chrome-nickel-steel, etc. Therefore, the phase-sensitive eddy current measurement procedure is very suitable. By that, the measuring probe fed from a generator with alternating current of a certain frequency is to be put to the object to be measured or to be brought into small distance to its surface. This exciter current generates a magnetic field of high frequency, which induces eddy currents in the material to be tested (in this case the coating respectively the base material), their intensity and penetration depth depend on its electrical conductivity. On the other hand the magnetic field induced by eddy currents overlaps the generating field. The generated resulting magnetic field is detected by a measuring coil. By that, the induced voltage is a function of the electrical conductivity of the object to be measured and can be used as a signal for its measuring. See Figure 1. SIST EN 16813:2017



EN 16813:2016 (E) 7
Key 1 ferrite core of the probe 4 measuring signal 2 exiting current 5 eddy current induced 3 high frequency magnetic alternating field 6 electrically conductive non-ferrous-alloy Figure 1 — Phase-sensitive eddy current measuring method Using the phase-sensitive eddy current measurement procedure the phase changing between exciter current and measuring signal is to be transferred into a conductivity value. This measuring value is independent from the distance between the probe and the coating surface for a certain arrangement, which depends on the type of the probe. By that, a non-contactable determination of the conductivity can be applied also using this method, for example, below a varnish or a synthetic material coat. Using an adequate measuring frequency the influence of the surface roughness remains low. 4.2
Calibration standard Using the phase-sensitive eddy current measurement procedure the measuring value found in the component will be compared to the calibration standard as a reference standard, whi
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