SIST TBR 023:2002

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST TBR 023:2002
01-september-2002
(OHNWURPDJQHWQD]GUXåOMLYRVW(0&LQ]DGHYHY]YH]L]UDGLMVNLPVSHNWURP(50
3UL]HPQLOHWDOVNLWHOHNRPXQLNDFLMVNLVLVWHP7)767HKQLþQH]DKWHYH]D7)76
Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Terrestrial Flight
Telecommunications System (TFTS); Technical requirements for TFTS
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: TBR 023 Edition 1
ICS:
33.100.01 Elektromagnetna združljivost Electromagnetic compatibility
na splošno in general
49.090 2SUHPDLQLQVWUXPHQWLY On-board equipment and
]UDþQLKLQYHVROMVNLKSORYLOLK instruments
SIST TBR 023:2002 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST TBR 023:2002

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SIST TBR 023:2002
TECHNICAL TBR 23
BASIS for March 1998
REGULATION
Source: ERM Reference: DTBR/ERM-RP05-002
ICS: 33.020
Key words: Radio, terminal, testing, TFTS, type approval
Electromagnetic compatibility
and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);
Terrestrial Flight Telecommunications System (TFTS);
Technical requirements for TFTS
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
ETSI Secretariat
Postal address: F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE
Office address: 650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE
Internet: secretariat@etsi.fr - http://www.etsi.fr - http://www.etsi.org
Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 - Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16
Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the
foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1998. All rights reserved.

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Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content,
typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to
"ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.

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Contents
Foreword .5
Introduction.5
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references.7
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations.8
3.1 Definitions .8
3.2 Symbols .8
3.3 Abbreviations .8
4 Requirements.8
4.1 Transmitter power output.9
4.1.1 Requirement.9
4.1.2 Justification for requirement .9
4.2 Transmitter frequency accuracy .9
4.2.1 Requirement.9
4.2.2 Justification for requirement .9
4.3 RF spectrum mask .9
4.3.1 Requirement.9
4.3.2 Justification for requirement .10
4.4 Out of band and spurious emissions .10
4.4.1 Requirement.10
4.4.1.1 Out of band emissions.10
4.4.1.2 Spurious emissions .10
4.4.2 Justification for requirement .10
4.5 Correct decoding of Broadcast Control CHannel (BCCH).11
4.5.1 Requirement.11
4.5.2 Justification.11
4.6 Correct response to shutdown command from the GS .11
4.6.1 Requirement.11
4.6.2 Justification.11
4.7 AT response to timing and power adjustment commands .11
4.7.1 Requirement.11
4.7.2 Justification.11
5 The TBR test specification .11
5.1 Transmitter power output.12
5.1.1 Test method .12
5.1.2 Test bank characteristics .12
5.1.3 Measurement uncertainty.12
5.2 Transmitter frequency accuracy .13
5.2.1 Test method .13
5.2.2 Test bank characteristics .13
5.2.3 Measurement uncertainty.13
5.3 RF spectrum mask .13
5.3.1 Test method .13
5.3.2 Test bank characteristics .13
5.3.3 Measurement uncertainty.13
5.4 Out of band and spurious emissions .14
5.4.1 Test method .14
5.4.1.1 Out of band emissions.14
5.4.1.2 Spurious emissions .14
5.4.2 Test bank characteristics .14
5.4.3 Measurement uncertainty.15

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5.5 Correct decoding of BCCH channel . 15
5.5.1 Test method. 15
5.5.2 Test bank characteristics. 15
5.5.3 Measurement uncertainty . 15
5.6 Correct response to shutdown command . 15
5.6.1 Test method. 15
5.6.2 Measurement uncertainty . 15
5.6.3 Measurement uncertainty . 15
5.7 AT response to timing and power adjustment commands. 16
5.7.1 Test method. 16
5.7.1.1 Timing . 16
5.7.1.2 Power. 16
5.7.2 Test bank characteristics. 16
5.7.3 Measurement uncertainty . 16
6 Test conditions and facilities. 16
6.1 Environmental conditions for tests . 16
6.2 Power supply requirements. 16
6.3 Uncertainty in measurements . 16
6.4 Measurements made under continuous or burst modulation. 16
6.5 Test apparatus . 17
6.6 AT testing facilities . 17
6.6.1 Direct control of AT. 17
6.6.2 Loopback facility . 17
6.6.3 Continuous modulation mode. 18
6.6.3.1 Test signals. 18
6.6.4 Suppressed modulation mode. 18
6.6.5 Standby mode. 18
6.7 Access to signals . 18
Annex A (normative): TBR Requirements Table (TBR-RT) . 20
History. 21

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TBR 23: March 1998
Foreword
This Technical Basis for Regulation (TBR) has been produced by the Electromagnetic compatibility and
Radio spectrum Matters (ERM) Technical Committee of the European Telecommunications Standards
Institute (ETSI).
The present document has been produced by ETSI in response to a mandate from the European
Commission issued under Council Directive 83/189/EEC (as amended) laying down a procedure for the
provision of information in the field of technical standards and regulations.
The present document is intended to become a Harmonized Standard, the reference of which will be
published in the Official Journal of the European Communities referencing the Council Directive Directive
91/263/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning telecommunications
terminal equipment, including the mutual recognition of their conformity ("the TTE Directive").
Technical specifications relevant to the TTE Directive are given in Annex A.
Introduction
This TBR provides the essential requirements of Article 4e (effective use of the radio frequency spectrum)
of Council Directive 91/263/EEC on the approximation of the laws of the Member States concerning
telecommunications Terminal Equipment, including the mutual recognition of their conformity for the
Terrestrial Flights Telecommunications System (TFTS) Avionic Termination (AT), Article 4d (protection of
the public telecommunications network from harm) has been considered for the TFTS ground station only
as it has been determined that the AT cannot harm to the public telecommunications network.

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1 Scope
This Technical Basis for Regulation (TBR) specifies the technical requirements to be provided by terminal
equipment of the Terrestrial Flight Telecommunications System (TFTS) capable of, and intended for,
connection to a public telecommunication network. The TFTS operates in the frequency spectrum
1 670 MHz to 1 675 MHz (ground to-air) and 1 800 MHz to 1 805 MHz (air to ground). The modulation
technique is p/4 DQPSK. The system is cellular in nature and the available spectrum supports up to 164
radio channels which may be reused between cells. Each radio channel supports four voice telephone
circuits with a 9,6 kbit/s voice coding algorithm. TFTS mobile stations are airborne equipment and they are
also subject to a separate certification process for aircraft.
The objective of this TBR is to define the minimum requirements for conformance testing of the TFTS
Avionic Termination (AT). This includes testing of the radio interface in terms of Radio Frequency (RF)
parameters.
This TBR covers the essential requirements of the Terminal Directive 91/263/EEC [6] Articles 4d and 4e.
This TBR does not include any interworking requirements under Article 4f.
Council Directive 91/263/EEC [6] Articles 4a and 4b [6] are subject to proof of conformity outside of the
scope of this TBR and, therefore, are not covered by this TBR.
Telephony for TFTS is not a justified case and therefore there are no requirements on voice quality in
relation to Article 4g of Directive 91/263/EEC [6].
There are no technical requirements which are specific to the equipment in terms of Article 4c of Directive
91/263/EEC [6]. Other technical aspects of Electromagnetic compatibility and (EMC) performance are the
subject of normal aircraft equipment certification and are specified in EUROCAE ED-14C [4]
(RTCA-DO160C). The applicable test categories are specified in ARINC Characteristic 752 [3].
EN 300 789 [5] constitutes the conformance specification for the radio characteristics of the AT. The set of
requirements in EN 300 789 [9] and the set of requirements in this TBR are not necessarily identical.
2 Normative references
This TBR incorporates by dated and undated reference, provisions from other publications. These
normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications
apply to this TBR only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
[1] ETS 300 326-2 (1996): "Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); Terrestrial Flight
Telephone System (TFTS); Part 2: Speech services, radio interface".
[2] ETR 028: "Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); Uncertainties in the
measurement of mobile radio equipment characteristics".
[3] ARINC Characteristic 752 (January 1993): "Terrestrial Flight Telephone System
(TFTS) Airborne Radio Subsystem".
[4] EUROCAE ED-14C: "Environmental Conditions and Test Procedures for
Airborne Equipment".
[5] EN 300 789 (1997): "Radio Equipment and Systems (RES); Terrestrial Flight
Telecommunications System (TFTS); Avionic Termination Radio Testing
Specification".
[6] Council directive of 29 April 1991 on the approximation of the laws of Member
States concerning telecommunications terminal equipment, including the mutual
recognition of their conformity (91/263/EEC) ("The TTE Directive").

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3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of this TBR, the following definitions apply:
out-of-band emission: Emission on a frequency or frequencies immediately outside the necessary
bandwidth which results from the modulation process, but excluding spurious emissions.
spurious emission: Emission on a frequency or frequencies which are outside the necessary bandwidth
and the level of which may be reduced without affecting the corresponding transmission of information.
Spurious emissions include harmonic emissions, parasitic emissions, intermodulation products and
frequency conversion products, but exclude out-of-band emissions.
unwanted emissions: Consist of spurious emissions and out-of-band emissions.
necessary bandwidth: For a given class of emission, the width of the frequency band which is just
sufficient to ensure the transmission of information at the rate and with the quality required under specified
conditions.
occupied bandwidth: The width of a frequency band such that, below the lower and above the upper
frequency limits, the mean powers emitted are each equal to a specified percentage P/2 of the total mean
power of a given emission.
95 % confidence level: 1,96 times the total standard deviation, based on the Student t factor.
continuous modulation mode: See subclause 6.6.3.
suppressed modulation mode: See subclause 6.6.4.
burst mode: Transmission with one or more of the traffic.channels unused.
3.2 Symbols
For the purposes of this TBR, the following symbols apply:
ppm parts per million
p/4 DQPSKp/4 Differential Quaternary Phase Shift Keying
3.3 Abbreviations
For the purposes of this TBR, the following abbreviations apply:
AT Avionic Termination
BCCH Broadcast Control CHannel
BER Bit Error Ratio
EMC ElectroMagnetic Compatibility
GS Ground Station (of the TFTS system)
PRBS Pseudo Random Bit Sequence
RF Radio Frequency
TFTS Terrestrial Flight Telecommunications System
WOW Weight On Wheels
4 Requirements
This TBR covers the essential requirements of the TTE Directive [6] Articles 4d and 4e.
For guidance, Article 4d refers to the protection of the public telecommunications network from harm,
Article 4e refers to the effective use of the radio frequency spectrum.

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EN 300 789 [5] provides methods for the radio tests of conformance of the Avionic Termination (AT) to
ETS 300 326-2 [1] but contains no tests for the essential requirements of Article 4d of the
TTE Directive [6].
4.1 Transmitter power output
4.1.1 Requirement
ETS 300 326-2 [1] subclauses 8.8.2.2.1 and 8.8.2.5.
The nominal mean transmit power shall be +40 dBm (+2, -1 dB) at the antenna port. The lowest value of
the mean transmit power shall be 75 – 2 dB below nominal. The automatic power control shall adjust the
output power relative to the nominal mean level in the range +0 to -75 dB in equal steps of 5 dB. The
tolerance of each step shall be –2 dB.
When Weight On Wheels (WOW) is TRUE, the mean power level shall be reduced to
+25 (+4, -3 dB) dBm, also measured at the antenna port.
4.1.2 Justification for requirement
Effective use of the RF spectrum.
The purpose of the test is to verify that the AT output powers both with and without automatic power
control action are within the ranges specified in subclause 4.1.1 when measured at the antenna port. This
ensures that the AT will not cause interference to other ground stations in the TFTS network by
transmitting at too high a power level.
4.2 Transmitter frequency accuracy
4.2.1 Requirement
ETS 300 326-2 [1] subclause 8.8.1.3.1.
The fractional error between the actual transmitted frequency or the centre frequency of the receiver and
–7
the nominal frequency shall be less than 2 · 10 .
4.2.2 Justification for requirement
Effective use of the RF spectrum.
The purpose of the test is to verify the ability of the AT to transmit the signal on the correct frequency
assignment for the channel on which it is transmitting within the tolerances defined in subclause 4.2.1 in
order to prevent interference to other TFTS channels.
4.3 RF spectrum mask
4.3.1 Requirement
ETS 300 326-2 [1] subclause 8.8.2.4.
The spectrum mask shall be less than the limits specified in table 1 as the maximum power level at
several frequencies above and below the nominal transmit frequency. The frequency offsets shall be
measured from the nominal centre frequency, not from the actual value, and power levels are given
relative to the transmit power at the nominal frequency.

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Table1: Transmitter mask
Frequency offset dB relative to power Measurement bandwidth
(kHz) at centre frequency (Hz)
–11,3 +1 300
-20 300–14,5
-35 300–15,6
-37 300–30
-49 300–60
–-65 300
120
–2 500 -70 1 000
-75 1 000–5 000
4.3.2 Justification for requirement
Effective use of the RF spectrum.
The purpose of the test is to verify the conformance of the AT spectrum mask to the requirements of
ETS 300 326-2 [1]. The measurement is necessary to verify that the AT does not transmit power in
adjacent channels in excess of the levels specified.
The test shall be carried out in continuous modulation mode only and on channels 1, 82 and 164. The RF
mask shall not be measured in burst mode for the reasons given in subclause 6.4.
4.4 Out of band and spurious emissions
4.4.1 Requirement
4.4.1.1 Out of band emissions
ETS 300 326-2 [1] subclause 8.8.2.5.
Out of band emissions from the AT shall be better than -69 dBW/30 kHz at the antenna port, at all
frequencies outside the range 1 797,5 MHz to 1 807,5 MHz.
4.4.1.2 Spurious emissions
ETS 300 326-2 [1] subclause 8.8.2.6.
Spurious emissions shall be measured at the antenna port with the transmitter set to full power in
suppressed modulation mode and then with the transmitter in standby mode.
The spurious emissions at frequencies between 9 kHz and 1 GHz from the TFTS equipment shall not
exceed -58 dBm at the antenna port. The spurious emissions at frequencies between 1 GHz and
12,75 GHz shall not exceed -48 dBm at the antenna port.
This shall be verified by conducted measurements in the band 9 kHz to 12,75 GHz, excluding the AT
transmit band from 1 800 MHz to 1 805 MHz, in the suppressed modulation mode.
4.4.2 Justification for requirement
Effective use of the RF spectrum.
The purpose of the tests is to confirm that the AT can operate without emitting harmful out of band or
spurious energy.
These tests are necessary to ensure that the AT will not cause unacceptable levels of interference to
other channels of the TFTS network or to other radio services in bands adjacent to those allocated to
TFTS.

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4.5 Correct decoding of Broadcast Control CHannel (BCCH)
4.5.1 Requirement
ETS 300 326-2 [1] subclause 10.11.3.2.1.
The AT shall be capable of decoding the BCCH channel of the transmission from a Ground Station (GS)
and shall respect the range limit of that GS.
4.5.2 Justification
Protection of the TFTS network.
The correct operation of the TFTS system is in part dependent on the AT correctly recognizing that it is at,
or approaching, the maximum range of the GS with which it is communicating.
4.6 Correct response to shutdown command from the GS
4.6.1 Requirement
If an AT is instructed to shut down by the ground station then it shall do so in the manner specified in
ETS 300 326-2 [1] subclause 10.11.5.2.4.
4.6.2 Justification
Protection of the TFTS network.
It is necessary that a malfunctioning AT responds to a shutdown message from the TFTS ground station
so that it does not adversely affect the TFTS network.
4.7 AT response to timing and power adjustment commands
4.7.1 Requirement
ETS 300 326-2 [1] subclause 8.10.3.
The AT shall respond as specified to commands from a GS relating to adjustment of the AT transmit
power or AT timing.
4.7.2 Justification
Protection of the TFTS network.
An AT transmitting at too high a power or with incorrect timing can cause interference at the GS to signals
being received at that GS from other ATs.
5 The TBR test specification
Where parameters or capabilities are subject to manufacturer's declaration and not a specific test, it shall
be the manufacturer's responsibility to:
a) supply a declaration of implementation in which the manufacturer explicitly affirms the
implementation in the equipment of certain parameters and/or capabilities;
b) be prepared to submit upon request supporting design information including circuit designs and
software source codes demonstrating the implementation of said capabilities;
c) be prepared to supply upon request such test results as are practicable including the test methods
which support the declaration.

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5.1 Transmitter power output
5.1.1 Test method
a) the AT shall be set in continuous modulation mode;
b) the transmitter shall be set to channel 82 (1 802,484 848 MHz);
c) the AT mean output power shall be set to give +40 dBm at the antenna port;
d) a power meter shall be connected to the antenna port via suitable external power attenuators;
e) the mean output power shall be calculated as follows:
- meter reading + power attenuation - any calibration required for the meter and power sensor;
and
- shall be checked versus the range specified in subclause 4.1.1;
f) the automatic power control shall be set to reduce the output power by 75 dB;
g) the external power attenuation shall be reduced to give a measurable mean power level at the
power meter;
h) the lowest mean output power shall be calculated as in step e) above and shall be within the range
specified in subclause 4.1.1;
j) the automatic power control shall be set to increase the power in 5 dB steps. The measured output
power at each step shall be calculated as in paragraph e) above and its value at each step shall be
compared to (-35 + 5n) – 2 dBm, where n is the step number and steps 0 and 15 correspond to the
lowest and highest output powers respectively.
NOTE: It may be necessary to adjust the external power attenuation to take account of the
dynamic range of the power meter when increasing the output power in step j).
5.1.2 Test bank characteristics
The test equipment shall consist of a RF power meter (measuring mean power), any associated power
sensor, cabling and power attenuators.
The TFTS transmitter shall be connected to the diplexer by the manufacturer-supplied cable and the
diplexer receiver port shall be terminated in a 50 W load (see figure 1).
RF O/P
Wanted signal
Power attenuation
TX
TFTS TX
Ae
-3 db
RX Cable loss
Antenna port
50  terminationW

TFTS Diplexer
Power meter and sensor
Figure 1: Transmitter power measurement test equipment
5.1.3 Measurement uncertainty
The maximum uncertainty for the measurement shall be ±1 dB according to ETR 028 [2].

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5.2 Transmitter frequency accuracy
5.2.1 Test method
This test method is to measure the short term frequency accuracy of the transmitter. Verification of long
term frequency accuracy of an AT shall be by manufacturer's declaration.
a) the AT shall be set to suppressed modulation mode;
b) the AT mean output power shall be set to give +40 dBm at the antenna port;
c) the transmitter shall be set to channel 1 (1 800,030 303 MHz);
d) the transmitted frequency at the antenna port shall be recorded;
e) the fractional error shall then be calculated as follows:
|(measured frequency - nominal channel frequency)|
fractional error =
nominal channel frequency
f) steps c) to e) shall be repeated with the AT transmitter set to channel 82 (1 802,484 848 MHz);
g) steps c) to e) shall be repeated with the AT transmitter set to channel 164 (1 804,969 696 MHz);
h) the fractional error in the transmit frequency measured for each channel in steps a) to g) above
-7
shall be compared to the maximum admissible value of 2 · 10 . For guidance, this corresponds to
the measured frequency being contained in the interval (f - 360) Hz to (f + 360) Hz, where
nom nom
f is the nominal frequency in Hertz of the channel to which the transmitter is set.
nom
5.2.2 Test bank c
...