SIST EN 1563:2018
(Main)Founding - Spheroidal graphite cast irons
Founding - Spheroidal graphite cast irons
This draft European Standard defines the grades and the corresponding requirements for spheroidal graphite cast irons.
This draft European Standard specifies 2 groups of spheroidal graphite cast iron grades by a classification based on mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared from cast samples. The first group deals mainly with ferritic to pearlitic grades. The second group deals with solid-solution strengthened ferritic grades.
This draft European Standard does not cover technical delivery conditions for iron castings (see EN 1559 1 [3] and EN 1559 3 [4]).
This draft European Standard does not cover all aspects of:
- ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons which are specified in EN 1564 [5];
- low alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons which are specified in EN 16124 [6];
- continuous cast iron bars which are specified in EN 16482 [7];
- austenitic cast irons which are specified in EN 13835 [8];
- spheroidal graphite cast irons used for pipes, fittings and their joints which are the subject of EN 545 [9], EN 598 [10] and EN 969 [11];
- the grades of spheroidal graphite cast irons as specified in EN 545 which are used for products such as industrial valves, non-industrial manually operated shut-off valves and flanges and their joints, which are the subject of the applicable European product standards.
Gießereiwesen - Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit
Dieser Europäische Norm-Entwurf definiert die Sorten für und die entsprechenden Anforderungen an Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit.
Dieser Europäische Norm-Entwurf legt zwei Gruppen von Gusseisensorten mit Kugelgraphit fest, deren Einteilung auf den mechanischen Eigenschaften basiert, die an bearbeiteten Proben aus gegossenen Probestücken gewonnen wurden. Die erste Gruppe behandelt hauptsächlich die ferritischen bis perlitischen Sorten. Die zweite Gruppe behandelt die mischkristallverfestigten ferritischen Sorten.
Dieser Europäische Norm-Entwurf behandelt nicht die technischen Lieferbedingungen für Guss¬eisen (siehe hierzu EN 1559 1 [3] und EN 1559 3 [4]).
Dieser Europäische Norm-Entwurf behandelt nicht alle Aspekte von:
- ausferritischen Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit, die nach EN 1564 [5] festgelegt sind;
- niedrig legierten, ferritischen Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit, die nach EN 16124 [6] festgelegt sind;
- Gusseisen-Strangguss das nach EN 16482 [7] festgelegt ist;
- Austenitische Gusseisen die nach EN 13835 [8] festgelegt sind;
- Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit für Rohre, Formstücke und ihre Verbindungen, die Gegenstand der EN 545 [9], EN 598 [10] und EN 969 [11] sind;
- Sorten von Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit, wie in der EN 545 festgelegt, die für Erzeugnisse ver¬wendet werden, wie beispielsweise Industriearmaturen, nichtindustrielle handbetätigte Absperrventile und Flansche und deren Verbindungen, die Gegenstand der anwendbaren Europäischen Produktnormen sind.
Fonderie - Fontes à graphite sphéroïdal
La présente Norme européenne définit les nuances des fontes à graphite sphéroïdal et les exigences correspondantes.
La présente Norme européenne spécifie deux groupes de nuances de fonte à graphite sphéroïdal, grâce à une classification basée sur les propriétés mécaniques mesurées sur des éprouvettes usinées, préparées à partir d’échantillons coulés. Le premier groupe traite principalement des nuances ferritiques à perlitiques. Le deuxième groupe traite des nuances à matrice ferritique renforcée.
La présente Norme européenne ne couvre pas les conditions techniques de fourniture des pièces moulées en fonte (voir l’EN 1559-1 [3] et l’EN 1559-3 [4]).
La présente Norme européenne ne couvre que certains aspects des :
- fontes ausferritiques à graphite sphéroïdal qui sont spécifiées dans l’EN 1564 [5] ;
- fontes faiblement alliées ferritiques à graphite sphéroïdal qui sont spécifiées dans l’EN 16124 [6] ;
- barres de fonte par coulée continue qui sont spécifiées dans l’EN 16482 [7] ;
- fontes austénitiques qui sont spécifiées dans l’EN 13835 [8] ;
- fontes à graphite sphéroïdal utilisées pour les tuyaux, raccords et leurs assemblages, qui sont l'objet de l’EN 545 [9], l’EN 598 [10] et l’EN 969 [11] ;
- nuances de fontes à graphite sphéroïdal spécifiées dans l’EN 545, qui sont utilisées pour des produits tels que les vannes industrielles, les vannes d’arrêt non industrielles actionnées manuellement ainsi que les brides et leurs joints, qui sont traitées dans les Normes européennes de produits applicables.
Livarstvo - (Siva) litina s kroglastim grafitom
Ta osnutek evropskega standarda določa razrede in ustrezne zahteve za (sive) litine s kroglastim grafitom.
Ta osnutek evropskega standarda določa dva skupini razredov (sivih) litin s kroglastim grafitom v skladu s klasifikacijo, ki temelji na mehanskih lastnostih, izmerjenih na strojno obdelanih preskusnih kosih iz litih vzorcev. Prva skupina obravnava predvsem feritne do perlitne razrede. Druga skupina obravnava s trdno raztopino ojačane feritne razrede.
Ta osnutek evropskega standarda ne zajema tehničnih dobavnih pogojev za železne odlitke (glej standarda EN 1559 1 [3] in EN 1559 3 [4]).
Ta osnutek evropskega standarda ne zajema vseh vidikov:
– ausferitnih (sivih) litin s kroglastim grafitom, opredeljenih v standardu EN 1564 [5];
– malolegiranih feritnih (sivih) litin s kroglastim grafitom, opredeljenih v standardu EN 16124 [6];
– palic iz zvezno litega železa, opredeljenih v standardu EN 16482 [7];
– avstenitnih železovih litin, opredeljenih v standardu EN 13835 [8];
– (sivih) litin s kroglastim grafitom, ki se uporabljajo za cevi, fitinge in njihove spoje, ki so predmet standardov EN 545 [9], EN 598 [10] ter EN 969 [11];
– razredov (sivih) litin s kroglastim grafitom, opredeljenih v standardu EN 545, ki se uporabljajo za izdelke, kot so industrijski ventili, neindustrijski ročni zapiralni ventili ter prirobnice in njihove spoje, ki so predmet ustreznih evropskih standardov za izdelke.
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2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Livarstvo - (Siva) litina s kroglastim grafitomGießereiwesen - Gusseisen mit KugelgraphitFonderie - Fontes à graphite sphéroïdalFounding - Spheroidal graphite cast irons77.080.10ŽelezoIronsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1563:2018SIST EN 1563:2018en,fr,de01-november-2018SIST EN 1563:2018SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1563:20121DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 1563:2018
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1563
August
t r s z ICS
y yä r z rä s r Supersedes EN
s w x uã t r s sEnglish Version
Founding æ Spheroidal graphite cast irons Fonderie æ Fontes à graphite sphßroïdal
Gießereiwesen æ Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit This European Standard was approved by CEN on
{ April
t r s zä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels
9
t r s z CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s w x uã t r s z ESIST EN 1563:2018
EN 1563:2018 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 4 Introduction . 5 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 4 Designation. 8 5 Order information . 8 6 Manufacture . 8 7 Requirements . 9 7.1 General . 9 7.2 Ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons . 9 7.3 Solid solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons . 12 8 Sampling . 13 8.1 General . 13 8.2 Cast samples . 14 8.3 Samples cut from a casting . 15 9 Test methods . 20 9.1 Tensile test . 20 9.2 Impact test . 21 9.3 Hardness test . 22 9.4 Graphite morphology examination . 22 10 Retests . 22 10.1 Need for retests . 22 10.2 Test validity . 23 10.3 Non-conforming test results . 23 10.4 Heat treatment of samples and castings . 23 11 Inspection documentation . 23 Annex A (informative)
Additional information on solid solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons . 24 Annex B (informative)
Guidance values for mechanical properties determined on test pieces machined from samples cut from the castings . 27 Annex C (informative)
Guidance values for hardness . 29 Annex D (informative)
Nodularity . 31 Annex E (informative)
Additional information on mechanical and physical properties . 32 Annex F (normative)
Sectioning procedure for cast samples . 36 Annex G (informative)
Comparison of spheroidal graphite cast iron material designations according to EN 1560 [1] and ISO/TR 15931 [15] . 37 Annex H (informative)
Fracture mechanical approach to spheroidal graphite cast irons . 38 SIST EN 1563:2018
EN 1563:2018 (E) 3 Annex I (informative)
Significant technical changes between this European Standard and the 2011 edition . 43 Annex J (informative)
Significant technical changes
between the 1997 edition and the 2011 edition . 44 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the essential safety requirements of Annex I of the Directive 2014/68/EU aimed to be covered . 46 Bibliography . 47
SIST EN 1563:2018
EN 1563:2018 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 1563:2018) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry technology”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2019 and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2019. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1563:2011. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive 2014/68/EU, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 7 “Spheroidal graphite, silicon molybdenum and austempered ductile iron” to revise EN 1563:2011. Annex I provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the 2011 edition (previous edition). Annex J provides details of significant technical changes between the 1997 edition and the 2011 edition. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 1563:2018
EN 1563:2018 (E) 5 Introduction The properties of spheroidal graphite cast irons depend on their structure. Spheroidal graphite cast irons covered by this European Standard are divided in two groups: 1) ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons; 2) solid-solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons. The two groups present specific properties, for example: — the ferritic grades of the first group present the highest impact energy; — the pearlite containing grades are more suitable for wear resistance applications; — the solid-solution strengthened ferritic grades present for an equivalent tensile strength a higher proof strength and a higher elongation after fracture than that of the ferritic to pearlitic grades; — a significant property of these solid-solution strengthened ferritic grades is the reduced hardness variation resulting in an improved machinability. The mechanical properties of the material can be evaluated on machined test pieces prepared from: — separately cast samples; — side-by-side cast samples; — cast-on samples; — samples cut from a casting. The material grade is defined by mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared from cast samples. If hardness is a requirement of the purchaser as being important for the application, then Annex C provides means for its determination. It is well known that tensile properties and hardness of spheroidal graphite cast irons are interrelated. When considered by the purchaser as being important for the application, both tensile and hardness properties may be specified. Further technical data on spheroidal graphite cast irons is given in Annexes A, E and H. In this European Standard, a designation system by number, as established in EN 1560 [1], is given. NOTE This designation system by number is based on the structure and rules of EN 10027–2 [2] and so corresponds with the European numbering system for steels and other materials. Some spheroidal graphite cast iron grades can be used for pressure equipment. The permitted material grades of spheroidal graphite cast irons for pressure applications and the conditions for their use are given in specific product or application standards. For the design of pressure equipment, specific design rules apply. Annex ZA gives information relating to the conformance of the spheroidal graphite cast iron grades to the Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU. SIST EN 1563:2018
EN 1563:2018 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard defines the grades and the corresponding requirements for spheroidal graphite cast irons. This European Standard specifies 2 groups of spheroidal graphite cast iron grades by a classification based on mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared from cast samples. The first group deals mainly with ferritic to pearlitic grades. The second group deals with solid-solution strengthened ferritic grades. This European Standard does not cover technical delivery conditions for iron castings (see EN 1559-1 [3] and EN 1559-3 [4]). This European Standard does not cover: — ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons which are specified in EN 1564 [5]; — low alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons which are specified in EN 16124 [6]; — continuous cast iron bars which are specified in EN 16482 [7]; — austenitic cast irons which are specified in EN 13835 [8]; — spheroidal graphite cast irons used for pipes, fittings and their joints which are the subject of EN 545 [9], EN 598 [10] and EN 969 [11]; — the grades of spheroidal graphite cast irons as specified in EN 545 which are used for products such as industrial valves, non-industrial manually operated shut-off valves and flanges and their joints, which are the subject of the applicable European product standards. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 764-5:2014, Pressure equipment - Part 5: Inspection documentation of metallic materials and compliance with the material specification EN 10204:2004, Metallic products - Types of inspection documents EN ISO 148-1, Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 148-1) EN ISO 945-1, Microstructure of cast irons - Part 1: Graphite classification by visual analysis (ISO 945-1) EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1) EN ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at room temperature (ISO 6892-1) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: — IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/ — ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp SIST EN 1563:2018
EN 1563:2018 (E) 7 3.1 spheroidal graphite cast iron cast material, iron, carbon and silicon-based, the carbon being present mainly in the form of spheroidal graphite particles Note 1 to entry: Spheroidal graphite cast iron is also known as ductile iron, and less commonly as nodular iron. 3.2 ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron spheroidal graphite cast iron with a matrix containing ferrite or pearlite or a combination of both Note 1 to entry: Pearlite can be partially or totally replaced by quenched microstructures in grades having higher strength. 3.3 solid-solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron spheroidal graphite cast iron with a matrix mainly consisting of ferrite, solution strengthened by increasing the amount of silicon compared to ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron 3.4 graphite spheroidizing treatment operation that brings the liquid iron into contact with a substance to produce graphite in the predominantly spheroidal (nodular) form during solidification Note 1 to entry: This operation is often followed by a second one called inoculation. 3.5 cast sample quantity of material cast to represent the cast material Note 1 to entry: This includes separately cast samples, side-by-side cast samples and cast-on samples. 3.6 separately cast sample sample cast in a separate sand mould under representative manufacturing conditions and material grade 3.7 side-by-side cast sample sample cast in a mould alongside the casting, with a joint running system 3.8 cast-on sample sample attached directly to the casting 3.9 relevant wall thickness wall thickness representative of the casting, defined for the determination of the size of the cast samples to which the mechanical properties apply SIST EN 1563:2018
EN 1563:2018 (E) 8 4 Designation The material shall be designated either by symbol or by number as given in Tables 1, 2 or 3. In the case of samples cut from the casting the letter “C” is added at the end of the designation by symbol. NOTE The comparison of the grades of EN 1563:1997 [12] and EN 1563:2011 [13] with the grades of ISO 1083:2004 [14] is given in Annex G. 5 Order information The following information shall be supplied by the purchaser: a) the number of this European Standard; b) the designation of the material; c) the relevant wall thickness; d) any special requirements. All requirements shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order (e.g. technical delivery conditions according to EN 1559-1 and EN 1559-3). 6 Manufacture The metallurgical method of producing spheroidal graphite cast irons and their chemical composition shall be left to the discretion of the manufacturer who shall ensure that the requirements of this European Standard are met for the material grade specified in the order. — Ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons: For these grades, the level of the mechanical properties is determined by the ferrite to pearlite ratio. This ratio is normally adjusted by alloying with pearlite stabilizing elements or, less commonly, by heat treatment. — Solid-solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons: For these grades, the level of the mechanical properties is determined by the extent of solid solution strengthening of the ferritic matrix. This extent is normally governed by the silicon content. NOTE For spheroidal graphite cast irons to be used in special applications, the chemical composition and heat treatment can be the subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser. All agreements between the manufacturer and the purchaser shall be made by the time of the acceptance of the order. SIST EN 1563:2018
EN 1563:2018 (E) 9 7 Requirements 7.1 General The property values apply to spheroidal graphite cast irons cast in sand moulds or moulds of comparable thermal behaviour. Subject to amendments to be agreed upon in the order, they can apply to castings obtained by alternative methods. The material designation is based on the minimum mechanical properties obtained in cast samples with a thickness or diameter of 25 mm. The designation is irrespective of the type of cast sample. Mechanical properties are wall thickness dependant as shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3. For relevant wall thicknesses more than 200 mm, the manufacturer and the purchaser shall agree on the minimum values to be obtained and the type and size of the cast sample. Tensile testing requires sound test pieces in order to guarantee pure uni-axial stress during the test. 7.2 Ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons 7.2.1 Test pieces machined from cast samples 7.2.1.1 Tensile properties The mechanical properties of ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron test pieces shall be as specified in Table 1. SIST EN 1563:2018
EN 1563:2018 (E) 10 Table 1 — Mechanical properties measured on test pieces machined from cast samples for ferritic to pearlitic grades Material designation Relevant wall thickness 0,2 % proof strength Tensile strength Elongation after fracture t Rp0,2 Rm A mm MPa MPa % Symbol Number
min. min. min.
t
¶ 30 220 350 22 EN-GJS-350–22-LT a 5.3100 30 < t
¶ 60 210 330 18
60 < t
¶ 200 200 320 15
t
¶ 30 220 350 22 EN-GJS-350–22-RT b 5.3101 30 < t
¶ 60 220 330 18
60 < t
¶ 200 210 320 15
t
¶ 30 220 350 22 EN-GJS-350–22 5.3102 30 < t
¶ 60 220 330 18
60 < t
¶ 200 210 320 15
t
¶ 30 240 400 18 EN-GJS-400–18-LT a 5.3103 30 < t
¶ 60 230 380 15
60 < t
¶ 200 220 360 12
t
¶ 30 250 400 18 EN-GJS-400–18-RT b 5.3104 30 < t
¶ 60 250 390 15
60 < t
¶ 200 240 370 12
t
¶ 30 250 400 18 EN-GJS-400–18 5.3105 30 < t
¶ 60 250 390 15
60 < t
¶ 200 240 370 12
t
¶ 30 250 400 15 EN-GJS-400–15 5.3106 30 < t
¶ 60 250 390 14
60 < t
¶ 200 240 370 11
t
¶ 30 310 450 10 EN-GJS-450–10 5.3107 30 < t
¶ 60 to be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser
60 < t
¶ 200
t
¶ 30 320 500 7 EN-GJS-500–7 5.3200 30 < t
¶ 60 300 450 7
60 < t
¶ 200 290 420 5
t
¶ 30 370 600 3 EN-GJS-600–3 5.3201 30 < t
¶ 60 360 600 2
60 < t
¶ 200 340 550 1
t
¶ 30 420 700 2 EN-GJS-700–2 5.3300 30 < t
¶ 60 400 700 2
60 < t
¶ 200 380 650 1
t
¶ 30 480 800 2 EN-GJS-800–2 5.3301 30 < t
¶ 60 to be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser
60 < t
¶ 200
t
¶ 30 600 900 2 EN-GJS-900–2 5.3302 30 < t
¶ 60 to be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser
60 < t
¶ 200 NOTE The mechanical properties of test pieces machined from cast samples can be different from the properties of the casting itself. Values for tensile properties of the casting are given in Annex B for guidance. a LT for low temperature. b RT for room temperature. SIST EN 1563:2018
EN 1563:2018 (E) 11 7.2.1.2 Impact energy The impact energy values given in Table 2 for room temperature (RT) and low temperature (LT) applications, if applicable, shall only be determined if specified by the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order. The mean value of the three Charpy impact tests and the individual values shall meet the specified requirements in Table 2. NOTE The use of impact energy is currently being reassessed regarding its limited relevance as an assessment of the resistance to brittle fracture in castings subject to application loads. Annex H gives information about the fracture mechanical approach to spheroidal graphite cast irons. Table 2 — Minimum impact energy values measured on V-notched test pieces machined from cast samples for ferritic grades of the ferritic to pearlitic group Material designation Relevant wall thickness Minimum impact energy values J Room temperature Low temperature Low temperature (23 ± 5) °C
20 ± 2) °C
40 ± 2) °C Symbol Number t mm Mean value (3 tests) Individual value Mean value (3 tests) Individual value Mean value (3 tests) Individual value EN-GJS-350–22-LT 5.3100 t
¶ 30 — — — — 12 9 30 < t
¶ 60 — — — — 12 9 60 < t
¶ 200 — — — — 10 7 EN-GJS-350–22-RT 5.3101 t
¶ 30 17 14 — — — — 30 < t
¶ 60 17 14 — — — — 60 < t
¶ 200 15 12 — — — — EN-GJS-400–18-LT 5.3103 t
¶ 30 — — 12 9 — — 30 < t
¶ 60 — — 12 9 — — 60 < t
¶ 200 — — 10 7 — — EN-GJS-400–18-RT 5.3104 t
¶ 30 14 11 — — — — 30 < t
¶ 60 14 11 — — — — 60 < t
¶ 200 12 9 — — — — NOTE The mechanical properties of test pieces machined from cast samples can be different from the properties of the casting itself. 7.2.2 Test pieces machined from samples cut from a casting If applicable, the manufacturer and the purchaser shall agree on: — the location(s) on a casting where the sample(s) shall be taken; — the mechanical properties that shall be measured; — the minimum values, or allowable range of values, for these mechanical properties (for information, see Annex B). NOTE 1 The properties of castings can vary, depending on the complexity of the castings and variation in their section thickness. SIST EN 1563:2018
EN 1563:2018 (E) 12 NOTE 2 Mechanical properties for test pieces cut from a casting are affected not only by material properties (subject of this European Standard) but also by the local casting soundness (not subject of this standard). 7.2.3 Hardness Brinell hardness and its range values for the grades listed in Table 1 shall only be specified when agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order. Information regarding hardness is given in Annex C. 7.2.4 Graphite morphology The graphite morphology shall be mainly of “form V and VI” in accordance with EN ISO 945-1. A more precise definition may be agreed upon by the time of acceptance of the order. More information on nodularity is given in Annex D. 7.2.5 Matrix microstructure Information regarding the matrix microstructure is given in Table E.1. NOTE Designations, descriptions and reference micrographs of the matrix structures of cast irons are given in ISO/TR 945-3. 7.3 Solid solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons 7.3.1 Test pieces machined from cast samples The mechanical properties of solid solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron test pieces shall be as specified in Table 3. Table 3 — Mechanical properties measured on test pieces machined from cast samples for solid solution strengthened ferritic grades Material designation Relevant wall thickness 0,2 % proof strength Tensile strength Elongation after fracture
t Rp0,2 Rm A Symbol Number mm MPa MPa %
min. min. min. EN-GJS-450–18 5.3108 t
¶ 30 350 450 18 30
¶ t
¶ 60 340 430 14 t > 60 to be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser EN-GJS-500–14 5.3109 t
¶ 30 400 500 14 30
¶ t
¶ 60 390 480 12 t > 60 to be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser EN-GJS-600–10 5.3110 t
¶ 30 470 600 10 30
¶ t
¶ 60 450 580 8 t > 60 to be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser NOTE The mechanical properties of test pieces machined from cast samples can be different from the properties of the casting itself. Values for tensile properties of the casting are given in Annex B for guidance. SIST EN 1563:2018
EN 1563:2018 (E) 13 7.3.2 Test pieces machined from samples cut from a casting If applicable, the manufacturer and the purchaser shall agree on: — the location(s) on a casting where the sample(s) shall be taken; — the mechanical properties that shall be measured; — the minimum values, or allowable range of values, for these mechanical properties (for information, see Annex B). NOTE The properties of castings can vary, depending on the complexity of the castings and variation in their section thicknesses. 7.3.3 Hardness Brinell hardness and its range values for the grades listed in Table 3 shall only be specified when agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order. Information regarding hardness is given in Annex C. 7.3.4 Graphite morphology The graphite morphology shall be mainly of “form V and VI” in accordance with EN ISO 945-1. A more precise definition may be agreed upon by the time of acceptance of the order. NOTE 1 Annex A, A.2.3 gives more information on graphite morphology. NOTE 2 Annex D gives more information regarding nodularity. 7.3.5 Matrix microstructure Information on matrix microstructure is given in Table E.1 and A.2.2. NOTE Designations, descriptions and reference micrographs of the matrix structures of cast irons are given in ISO/TR 945-3. 8 Sampling 8.1 General Samples shall be made from the same material as that used to produce the casting(s) which they represent. Several types of samples (separately cast samples, cast-on samples, side-by-side cast samples, samples cut from a casting) can be used, depending on the mass and wall thickness of the casting. When relevant the type of sample should be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser. Unless otherwise agreed the choice of the option is left to the discretion of the manufacturer. When the mass of the casting exceeds 2 000 kg or its relevant wall thickness 60 mm, cast-on samples or side-by-side samples should preferably be used; representative dimensions and the location of the sample shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order. If the spheroidizing treatment is carried out in the mould (in-mould process), the separately cast sample should be avoided. All samples shall be adequately marked to guarantee full traceability to the castings which they represent. SIST EN 1563:2018
EN 1563:2018 (E) 14 The samples shall be subject to the same heat treatment, as that of the castings they represent, if any. Tensile and impact test pieces shall be finally machined from the samples after the heat treatment. 8.2 Cast samples 8.2.1 Size of cast sample The size of the sample shall be in correspondence with the relevant wall thickness of the casting as shown in Table 4. If other sizes are used, this shall be agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser. Table 4 — Types and sizes of cast samples and sizes of tensile test pieces in relation to relevant wall thickness of the casting Relevant wall thickness t Type of sample Preferred diameter of tensile test piece a d Option 1 U-shaped (see Figure 1) Option 2 Y-shaped (see Figure 2) Option 3 Round bar (see Figure 3) Cast-on sample (see Figure 4) mm
mm t
¶ 12,5 — I Types b, c A 7 (Option 3: 14 mm) 12,5 < t
¶ 30 — II Types a, b, c B 14 30 < t
¶ 60 b III — C 14 60 < t
¶ 200 — IV — D
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 1563:2017
01-februar-2017
Livarstvo - (Siva) litina s kroglastim grafitom
Founding - Spheroidal graphite cast irons
Gießereiwesen - Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit
Fonderie - Fontes à graphite sphéroïdal
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1563
ICS:
77.080.10 Železo Irons
oSIST prEN 1563:2017 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 1563:2017
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
prEN 1563
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
November 2016
ICS 77.080.10 Will supersede EN 1563:2011
English Version
Founding - Spheroidal graphite cast irons
Fonderie - Fontes à graphite sphéroïdal Gießereiwesen - Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for second enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical
Committee CEN/TC 190.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1563:2016 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 1563:2017
prEN 1563:2016 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 5
Introduction . 6
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 8
4 Designation. 9
5 Order information . 9
6 Manufacture . 9
7 Requirements . 10
7.1 General . 10
7.2 Ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons . 10
7.2.1 Test pieces machined from cast samples . 10
7.2.2 Test pieces machined from samples cut from a casting . 12
7.2.3 Hardness . 13
7.2.4 Graphite structure . 13
7.2.5 Matrix structure . 13
7.3 Solid solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons . 13
7.3.1 Test pieces machined from cast samples . 13
7.3.2 Test pieces machined from samples cut from a casting . 14
7.3.3 Hardness . 14
7.3.4 Graphite structure . 14
7.3.5 Matrix structure . 14
8 Sampling . 14
8.1 General . 14
8.2 Cast samples . 15
8.2.1 Size of cast sample . 15
8.2.2 Frequency and number of tests . 15
8.2.3 Separately cast samples . 15
8.2.4 Side-by-side cast samples. 16
8.2.5 Cast-on samples . 16
8.2.6 Test pieces machined from cast samples . 16
8.3 Samples cut from a casting . 16
9 Test methods . 21
9.1 Tensile test . 21
9.2 Impact test . 22
9.3 Hardness test . 23
9.4 Graphite structure examination . 23
10 Retests . 23
10.1 Need for retests . 23
10.2 Test validity . 23
10.3 Non-conforming test results . 23
2
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10.4 Heat treatment of samples and castings . 24
11 Inspection documentation . 24
Annex A (informative) Additional information on solid solution strengthened ferritic
spheroidal graphite cast irons . 25
A.1 General . 25
A.2 Material constitution . 25
A.2.1 Chemical composition . 25
A.2.2 Matrix structure . 25
A.2.3 Graphite structure . 25
A.3 Supplementary information . 26
A.3.1 Application . 26
A.3.2 Mechanical properties . 26
A.3.2.1 0,2 % proof strength . 26
A.3.2.2 Other mechanical and physical properties . 27
A.3.3 Machinability. 27
Annex B (informative) Guidance values for mechanical properties determined on test
pieces machined from samples cut from the castings . 28
Annex C (informative) Guidance values for hardness . 30
C.1 General . 30
C.2 Sampling . 30
C.3 Test method . 31
C.4 Number and frequency of hardness tests . 31
Annex D (informative) Nodularity . 32
Annex E (informative) Additional information on mechanical and physical properties . 33
Annex F (normative) Sectioning procedure for cast samples . 38
Annex G (informative) Comparison of spheroidal graphite cast iron material designations
according to EN 1560 [1] and ISO/TR 15931 [13] . 39
Annex H (informative) Fracture mechanical approach to spheroidal graphite cast irons . 40
H.1 General . 40
H.2 Fracture mechanics concept . 40
H.3 Determination of fracture mechanical properties . 40
H.4 Influences on fracture mechanical properties . 41
H.5 Publications . 41
H.5.1 Testing . 41
H.5.2 Component assessment . 41
H.6 Literature . 42
Annex I (informative) Significant technical changes between the 1997 edition and the
2011 edition . 45
3
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Annex J (informative) Significant technical changes between this draft European Standard
and the 2011 edition . 47
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU . 48
Bibliography . 49
4
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European foreword
This document (prEN 1563:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry
technology”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the second CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1563:2011.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive 2014/68/EU, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of
this document.
Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 7
“Spheroidal graphite, silicon molybdenum and austempered ductile iron” to revise EN 1563:2011.
Annex I provides details of significant technical changes between the 1997 edition and the 2011
edition.
Annex J provides details of significant technical changes between this draft European Standard and the
2011 edition (previous edition).
5
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Introduction
The properties of spheroidal graphite cast irons depend on their structure.
Spheroidal graphite cast irons covered by this draft European Standard are divided in two groups:
1) ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons;
2) solid-solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons.
The two groups present specific properties, for example:
— the ferritic grades of the first group present the highest impact energy;
— the pearlite containing grades are more suitable for wear resistance applications;
— the solid-solution strengthened ferritic grades present for an equivalent tensile strength a higher
proof strength and a higher elongation after fracture than that of the ferritic to pearlitic grades;
— a significant property of these solid-solution strengthened ferritic grades is the reduced hardness
variation resulting in an improved machinability.
The mechanical properties of the material can be evaluated on machined test pieces prepared from:
— separately cast samples;
— side-by-side cast samples;
— cast-on samples;
— samples cut from a casting.
The material grade is defined by mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared
from cast samples.
If hardness is a requirement of the purchaser as being important for the application, then Annex C
provides means for its determination.
It is well known that tensile properties and hardness of spheroidal graphite cast irons are interrelated.
When considered by the purchaser as being important for the application, both tensile and hardness
properties may be specified.
Further technical data on spheroidal graphite cast irons is given in Annexes A, E and H.
In this draft European Standard a new designation system by number, as established in EN 1560 [1], is
given.
NOTE This designation system by number is based on the structure and rules of EN 10027–2 [2] and so
corresponds with the European numbering system for steel and other materials.
Some spheroidal graphite cast iron grades can be used for pressure equipment.
The permitted material grades of spheroidal graphite cast irons for pressure applications and the
conditions for their use are given in specific product or application standards.
For the design of pressure equipment, specific design rules apply.
Annex ZA gives information relating to the conformance of permitted spheroidal graphite cast iron
grades to the Pressure Equipment Directive 2014/68/EU.
6
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1 Scope
This draft European Standard defines the grades and the corresponding requirements for spheroidal
graphite cast irons.
This draft European Standard specifies 2 groups of spheroidal graphite cast iron grades by a
classification based on mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared from cast
samples. The first group deals mainly with ferritic to pearlitic grades. The second group deals with
solid-solution strengthened ferritic grades.
This draft European Standard does not cover technical delivery conditions for iron castings (see
EN 1559-1 [3] and EN 1559-3 [4]).
This draft European Standard does not cover all aspects of:
— ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons which are specified in EN 1564 [5];
— low alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons which are specified in EN 16124 [6];
— continuous cast iron bars which are specified in EN 16482 [7];
— austenitic cast irons which are specified in EN 13835 [8];
— spheroidal graphite cast irons used for pipes, fittings and their joints which are the subject of
EN 545 [9], EN 598 [10] and EN 969 [11];
— the grades of spheroidal graphite cast irons as specified in EN 545 which are used for products such
as industrial valves, non-industrial manually operated shut-off valves and flanges and their joints,
which are the subject of the applicable European product standards.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 764-5, Pressure equipment - Part 5: Inspection documentation of metallic materials and compliance
with the material specification
EN 10204, Metallic products - Types of inspection documents
EN ISO 148-1, Metallic materials - Charpy pendulum impact test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 148-1)
EN ISO 945-1:2008, Microstructure of cast irons - Part 1: Graphite classification by visual analysis (ISO
945-1:2008)
EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1)
EN ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature
(ISO 6892-1)
7
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3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
spheroidal graphite cast iron
cast material, iron, carbon and silicon-based, the carbon being present mainly in the form of spheroidal
graphite particles
Note 1 to entry: Spheroidal graphite cast iron is also known as ductile iron, and less commonly as nodular iron.
3.2
ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron
spheroidal graphite cast iron with a matrix containing ferrite or pearlite or a combination of both
Note 1 to entry: Pearlite can be partially or totally replaced by quenched microstructures in grades having
higher strength.
3.3
solid-solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron
spheroidal graphite cast iron with a matrix mainly consisting of ferrite, solution strengthened by
increasing the amount of silicon compared to ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron
3.4
graphite spheroidizing treatment
operation that brings the liquid iron into contact with a substance to produce graphite in the
predominantly spheroidal (nodular) form during solidification
Note 1 to entry: This operation is often followed by a second one called inoculation.
3.5
cast sample
quantity of material cast to represent the cast material, including separately cast sample, side-by-side
cast sample and cast-on sample
3.6
separately cast sample
sample cast in a separate sand mould under representative manufacturing conditions and material
grade
3.7
side-by-side cast sample
sample cast in the mould alongside the casting, with a joint running system
3.8
cast-on sample
sample attached directly to the casting
3.9
relevant wall thickness
wall thickness representative of the casting, defined for the determination of the size of the cast
samples to which the mechanical properties apply
8
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4 Designation
The material shall be designated either by symbol or by number as given in Tables 1, 2 or 3.
In the case of samples cut from the casting the letter “C” is added at the end of the designation by
symbol.
NOTE The comparison of prEN 1563 grade designations with the grades from the ISO standard for spheroidal
graphite cast irons, ISO 1083 [12], is given in Annex G.
5 Order information
The following information shall be supplied by the purchaser:
a) the number of this draft European Standard;
b) the designation of the material;
c) the relevant wall thickness;
d) any special requirements.
All requirements shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of
acceptance of the order (e.g. technical delivery conditions according to EN 1559-1 and EN 1559-3).
6 Manufacture
The metallurgical method of producing spheroidal graphite cast irons and their chemical composition
shall be left to the discretion of the manufacturer who shall ensure that the requirements of this draft
European Standard are met for the material grade specified in the order.
— Ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons:
For these grades, the level of the mechanical properties is determined by the ferrite to pearlite
ratio. This ratio is normally adjusted by alloying with pearlite stabilizing elements or, less
commonly, by heat treatment.
— Solid-solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons:
For these grades, the level of the mechanical properties is determined by the extent of solid
solution strengthening of the ferritic matrix. This extent is normally governed by the silicon
content.
NOTE For spheroidal graphite cast irons to be used in special applications, the chemical composition and
heat treatment may be the subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
All agreements between the manufacturer and the purchaser shall be made by the time of the
acceptance of the order.
9
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7 Requirements
7.1 General
The property values apply to spheroidal graphite cast irons cast in sand moulds or moulds of
comparable thermal behaviour. Subject to amendments to be agreed upon in the order, they can apply
to castings obtained by alternative methods.
The material designation is based on the minimum mechanical properties obtained in cast samples with
a thickness or diameter of 25 mm. The designation is irrespective of the type of cast sample.
Mechanical properties are wall thickness dependant as shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3. For relevant wall
thicknesses more than 200 mm, the manufacturer and the purchaser shall agree on the minimum values
to be obtained and the type and size of the cast sample.
Tensile testing requires sound test pieces in order to guarantee pure uni-axial stress during the test.
7.2 Ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons
7.2.1 Test pieces machined from cast samples
7.2.1.1 Tensile properties
The mechanical properties of ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron test pieces shall be as
specified in Table 1.
Table 1 — Mechanical properties measured on test pieces machined from
cast samples for ferritic to pearlitic grades
Material designation Relevant 0,2 % proof Tensile strength Elongation
wall thickness strength after fracture
t R R A
p0,2 m
mm MPa MPa %
Symbol Number min. min. min.
t ≤ 30 220 350 22
a 5.3100 30 < t ≤ 60 210 330 18
EN-GJS-350–22-LT
60 < t ≤ 200 200 320 15
t ≤ 30 220 350 22
b 5.3101 30 < t ≤ 60 220 330 18
EN-GJS-350–22-RT
60 < t ≤ 200 210 320 15
t ≤ 30 220 350 22
EN-GJS-350–22 5.3102 30 < t ≤ 60 220 330 18
60 < t ≤ 200 210 320 15
t ≤ 30 240 400 18
a 5.3103 30 < t ≤ 60 230 380 15
EN-GJS-400–18-LT
60 < t ≤ 200 220 360 12
t ≤ 30 250 400 18
b 5.3104 30 < t ≤ 60 250 390 15
EN-GJS-400–18-RT
60 < t ≤ 200 240 370 12
10
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Material designation Relevant 0,2 % proof Tensile strength Elongation
wall thickness strength after fracture
t R R A
p0,2 m
mm MPa MPa %
Symbol Number min. min. min.
t ≤ 30 250 400 18
EN-GJS-400–18 5.3105 30 < t ≤ 60 250 390 15
60 < t ≤ 200 240 370 12
t ≤ 30 250 400 15
EN-GJS-400–15 5.3106 30 < t ≤ 60 250 390 14
60 < t ≤ 200 240 370 11
t ≤ 30 310 450 10
EN-GJS-450–10 5.3107 30 < t ≤ 60
to be agreed upon between
the manufacturer and the purchaser
60 < t ≤ 200
t ≤ 30 320 500 7
EN-GJS-500–7 5.3200 30 < t ≤ 60 300 450 7
60 < t ≤ 200 290 420 5
t ≤ 30 370 600 3
EN-GJS-600–3 5.3201 30 < t ≤ 60 360 600 2
60 < t ≤ 200 340 550 1
t ≤ 30 420 700 2
EN-GJS-700–2 5.3300 30 < t ≤ 60 400 700 2
60 < t ≤ 200 380 650 1
t ≤ 30 480 800 2
EN-GJS-800–2 5.3301 30 < t ≤ 60
to be agreed upon between
the manufacturer and the purchaser
60 < t ≤ 200
t ≤ 30 600 900 2
EN-GJS-900–2 5.3302 30 < t ≤ 60
to be agreed upon between
the manufacturer and the purchaser
60 < t ≤ 200
NOTE The mechanical properties of test pieces machined from cast samples can be different from the
properties of the casting itself. Values for tensile properties of the casting are given in Annex B for guidance.
a
LT for low temperature.
b
RT for room temperature.
7.2.1.2 Impact energy
The impact energy values given in Table 2 for room temperature (RT) and low temperature (LT)
applications, if applicable, shall only be determined if specified by the purchaser by the time of
acceptance of the order.
The mean value of the three Charpy impact tests and the individual values shall meet the specified
requirements in Table 2.
11
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NOTE The use of impact energy is currently being reassessed regarding its limited relevance as a measure of
resistance to brittle fracture in
...
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 1563:2015
01-september-2015
Livarstvo - (Siva) litina s kroglastim grafitom
Founding - Spheroidal graphite cast irons
Gießereiwesen - Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit
Fonderie - Fontes à graphite sphéroïdal
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1563
ICS:
77.080.10 Železo Irons
oSIST prEN 1563:2015 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 1563:2015
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oSIST prEN 1563:2015
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 1563
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
May 2015
ICS 77.080.10 Will supersede EN 1563:2011
English Version
Founding - Spheroidal graphite cast irons
Fonderie - Fontes à graphite sphéroïdal Gießereiwesen - Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 190.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1563:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .7
2 Normative references .7
3 Terms and definitions .7
4 Designation .8
5 Order information .9
6 Manufacture .9
7 Requirements .9
7.1 General .9
7.2 Ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons . 10
7.2.1 Test pieces machined from cast samples . 10
7.2.2 Test pieces machined from samples cut from a casting . 12
7.2.3 Hardness . 12
7.2.4 Graphite structure. 13
7.2.5 Matrix structure . 13
7.3 Solid solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons . 13
7.3.1 Test pieces machined from cast samples . 13
7.3.2 Test pieces machined from samples cut from a casting . 13
7.3.3 Hardness . 14
7.3.4 Graphite structure. 14
7.3.5 Matrix structure . 14
8 Sampling . 14
8.1 General . 14
8.2 Cast samples . 14
8.2.1 Size of cast sample . 14
8.2.2 Frequency and number of tests . 15
8.2.3 Separately cast samples . 15
8.2.4 Side-by-side cast samples . 15
8.2.5 Cast-on samples . 15
8.2.6 Test pieces machined from cast samples . 16
8.3 Samples cut from a casting . 16
9 Test methods . 19
9.1 Tensile test . 19
9.2 Impact test . 21
9.3 Hardness test . 21
9.4 Graphite structure examination . 21
10 Retests . 21
10.1 Need for retests. 21
10.2 Test validity . 21
10.3 Non-conforming test results . 21
10.4 Heat treatment of samples and castings . 22
11 Inspection documentation . 22
Annex A (informative) Additional information on solid solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal
graphite cast irons . 23
2
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A.1 General . 23
A.2 Material constitution . 23
A.2.1 Chemical composition . 23
A.2.2 Matrix structure . 23
A.2.3 Graphite structure . 23
A.3 Supplementary information . 24
A.3.1 Application . 24
A.3.2 Mechanical properties . 24
A.3.3 Machinability . 25
Annex B (informative) Guidance values for mechanical properties measured on test pieces
machined from samples cut from the castings . 26
Annex C (informative) Guidance values for hardness . 28
C.1 General . 28
C.2 Sampling. 28
C.3 Test method . 28
C.4 Number and frequency of hardness tests . 29
C.5 Determination of a hardness range capable of meeting the tensile property requirements . 29
Annex D (informative) Nodularity . 30
Annex E (informative) Additional information on mechanical and physical properties . 31
Annex F (normative) Sectioning procedure for cast samples . 34
Annex G (informative) Comparison of spheroidal graphite cast iron material designations
according to EN 1560 [1] and ISO/TR 15931 [13] . 35
Annex H (informative) Fracture mechanical approach to spheroidal graphite cast irons . 36
H.1 General . 36
H.2 Fracture mechanics concept . 36
H.3 Determination of fracture mechanical properties . 36
H.4 Influences on fracture mechanical properties. 37
H.5 Publications . 37
H.5.1 Testing . 37
H.5.2 Component assessment . 37
H.6 Literature . 37
Annex I (informative) Significant technical changes between the edition 1997 and the edition 2011 . 41
Annex J (informative) Significant technical changes between this draft European Standard and
the edition 2011 (previous edition) . 43
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC. 44
Bibliography . 45
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Foreword
This document (prEN 1563:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry
technology”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1563:2011.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive 97/23/EC, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
Within its programme of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 requested CEN/TC 190/WG 7 “Spheroidal
graphite, silicon molybdenum and austempered ductile iron” to revise EN 1563:2011.
Annex I provides details of significant technical changes between the edition 1997 and the edition 2011.
Annex J provides details of significant technical changes between this draft European Standard and the
edition 2011 (previous edition).
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Introduction
The properties of spheroidal graphite cast irons depend on their structure.
Spheroidal graphite cast irons covered by this draft European Standard are divided in two groups:
1) ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons;
2) solid-solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons.
The two groups present specific properties, for example:
— the ferritic grades of the first group present the highest impact energy;
— the pearlite containing grades are more suitable for wear resistance applications;
— the solid-solution strengthened ferritic grades present for an equivalent tensile strength a higher proof
strength and a higher elongation after fracture than that of the ferritic to pearlitic grades;
— a significant property of these solid-solution strengthened ferritic grades is the reduced hardness variation
resulting in an improved machinability.
The mechanical properties of the material can be evaluated on machined test pieces prepared from:
— separately cast samples;
— side-by-side cast samples;
— cast-on samples;
— samples cut from a casting.
The material grade is defined by mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared from
cast samples.
If hardness is a requirement of the purchaser as being important for the application, then Annex C provides
means for its determination.
It is well known that tensile properties and hardness of spheroidal graphite cast irons are interrelated. When
considered by the purchaser as being important for the application, both tensile and hardness properties may
be specified.
Further technical data on spheroidal graphite cast irons is given in Annexes A, E and H.
In this draft European Standard a new designation system by number, as established in EN 1560 [1], is given.
NOTE This designation system by number is based on the structure and rules of EN 10027–2 [2] and so corresponds
with the European numbering system for steel and other materials.
Some spheroidal graphite cast iron grades can be used for pressure equipment.
The permitted material grades of spheroidal graphite cast irons for pressure applications and the conditions
for their use are given in specific product or application standards.
For the design of pressure equipment, specific design rules apply.
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Annex ZA gives information relating to the conformance of permitted spheroidal graphite cast iron grades to
the Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC.
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1 Scope
This draft European Standard defines the grades and the corresponding requirements for spheroidal graphite
cast irons.
This draft European Standard specifies 2 groups of spheroidal graphite cast iron grades by a classification
based on mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared from cast samples. The first
group deals mainly with ferritic to pearlitic grades. The second group deals with solid-solution strengthened
ferritic grades.
This draft European Standard does not cover technical delivery conditions for iron castings (see EN 1559-1 [3]
and EN 1559-3 [4]).
This draft European Standard does not cover all aspects of:
— ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons which are specified in EN 1564 [5];
— low alloyed ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons which are specified in EN 16124 [6];
— continuous cast iron bars which are specified in EN 16482 [7];
— austenitic cast irons which are specified in EN 13835 [8];
— spheroidal graphite cast irons used for pipes, fittings and their joints which are the subject of EN 545 [9],
EN 598 [10] and EN 969 [11];
— the grades of spheroidal graphite cast irons as specified in EN 545 which are used for products such as
industrial valves, non-industrial manually operated shut-off valves and flanges and their joints, which are
the subject of the applicable European product standards.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 764-5:2014, Pressure equipment — Part 5: Inspection documentation of metallic materials and
compliance with the material specification
EN 10204:2004, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents
EN ISO 148-1, Metallic materials — Charpy pendulum impact test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 148-1)
EN ISO 945-1:2008, Microstructure of cast irons — Part 1: Graphite classification by visual analysis (ISO 945-
1:2008)
EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1)
EN ISO 6892-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at room temperature (ISO 6892-
1)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
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3.1
spheroidal graphite cast iron
cast material, iron, carbon and silicon-based, the carbon being present mainly in the form of spheroidal
graphite particles
Note 1 to entry: Spheroidal graphite cast iron is also known as ductile iron, and less commonly as nodular iron.
3.2
ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron
spheroidal graphite cast iron with a matrix containing ferrite or pearlite or a combination of both
Note 1 to entry: Pearlite can be partially or totally replaced by quenched microstructures in grades having higher
strength.
3.3
solid-solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron
spheroidal graphite cast iron with a matrix mainly consisting of ferrite, solution strengthened by increasing the
amount of silicon compared to ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron
3.4
graphite spheroidizing treatment
operation that brings the liquid iron into contact with a substance to produce graphite in the predominantly
spheroidal (nodular) form during solidification
Note 1 to entry: This operation is often followed by a second one called inoculation.
3.5
cast sample
quantity of material cast to represent the cast material, including separately cast sample, side-by-side cast
sample and cast-on sample
3.6
separately cast sample
sample cast in a separate sand mould under representative manufacturing conditions and material grade
3.7
side-by-side cast sample
sample cast in the mould alongside the casting, with a joint running system
3.8
cast-on sample
sample attached directly to the casting
3.9
relevant wall thickness
wall thickness representative of the casting, defined for the determination of the size of the cast samples to
which the mechanical properties apply
4 Designation
The material shall be designated either by symbol or by number as given in Tables 1, 2 or 3.
In the case of samples cut from the casting the letter “C” is added at the end of the designation by symbol.
NOTE The comparison of prEN 1563 grade designations with the grades from the ISO standard for spheroidal
graphite cast irons, ISO 1083 [12], is given in Annex G.
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5 Order information
The following information shall be supplied by the purchaser:
a) the number of this draft European Standard;
b) the designation of the material;
c) the relevant wall thickness;
d) any special requirements.
All requirements shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of
the order (e.g. technical delivery conditions according to EN 1559-1 and EN 1559-3).
6 Manufacture
The metallurgical method of producing spheroidal graphite cast irons and their chemical composition shall be
left to the discretion of the manufacturer who shall ensure that the requirements of this draft European
Standard are met for the material grade specified in the order.
— Ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons:
For these grades, the level of the mechanical properties is determined by the ferrite to pearlite ratio. This
ratio is normally adjusted by alloying with pearlite stabilizing elements or, less commonly, by heat
treatment.
— Solid-solution strengthened ferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons:
For these grades, the level of the mechanical properties is determined by the extent of solid solution
strengthening of the ferritic matrix. This extent is normally governed by the silicon content.
NOTE For spheroidal graphite cast irons to be used in special applications, the chemical composition and heat
treatment may be the subject of an agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
All agreements between the manufacturer and the purchaser shall be made by the time of the acceptance of
the order.
7 Requirements
7.1 General
The property values apply to spheroidal graphite cast irons cast in sand moulds or moulds of comparable
thermal behaviour. Subject to amendments to be agreed upon in the order, they can apply to castings
obtained by alternative methods.
The material designation is based on the minimum mechanical properties obtained in cast samples with a
thickness or diameter of 25 mm. The designation is irrespective of the type of cast sample.
Mechanical properties are wall thickness dependant as shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3. For relevant wall
thicknesses more than 200 mm, the manufacturer and the purchaser shall agree on the minimum values to be
obtained and the type and size of the cast sample.
Tensile testing requires sound test pieces in order to guarantee pure uni-axial stress during the test.
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7.2 Ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast irons
7.2.1 Test pieces machined from cast samples
7.2.1.1 Tensile properties
The mechanical properties of ferritic to pearlitic spheroidal graphite cast iron test pieces shall be as specified
in Table 1.
Table 1 — Mechanical properties measured on test pieces machined from
cast samples for ferritic to pearlitic grades
Material designation Relevant 0,2 % proof Tensile strength Elongation
wall thickness strength after fracture
t R R A
p0,2 m
mm MPa MPa %
Symbol Number min. min. min.
t ≤ 30
220 350 22
EN-GJS-350–22-LT 5.3100 30 < t ≤ 60 210 330 18
a
60 < t ≤ 200 200 320 15
t ≤ 30 220 350 22
EN-GJS-350–22-RT 5.3101 30 < t ≤ 60 220 330 18
b
60 < t ≤ 200 210 320 15
t ≤ 30 220 350 22
EN-GJS-350–22 5.3102 30 < t ≤ 60 220 330 18
60 < t ≤ 200 210 320 15
t ≤ 30
240 400 18
EN-GJS-400–18-LT 5.3103 30 < t ≤ 60 230 380 15
a
60 < t ≤ 200 220 360 12
t ≤ 30 250 400 18
EN-GJS-400–18-RT 5.3104 30 < t ≤ 60 250 390 15
b
60 < t ≤ 200 240 370 12
t ≤ 30 250 400 18
EN-GJS-400–18 5.3105 30 < t ≤ 60 250 390 15
60 < t ≤ 200 240 370 12
t ≤ 30 250 400 15
EN-GJS-400–15 5.3106 30 < t ≤ 60 250 390 14
60 < t ≤ 200 240 370 11
t ≤ 30 310 450 10
EN-GJS-450–10 5.3107 30 < t ≤ 60
to be agreed upon between
the manufacturer and the purchaser
60 < t ≤ 200
t ≤ 30 320 500 7
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Material designation Relevant 0,2 % proof Tensile strength Elongation
wall thickness strength after fracture
t R R A
p0,2 m
mm MPa MPa %
Symbol Number min. min. min.
30 < t ≤ 60
EN-GJS-500–7 5.3200 300 450 7
60 < t ≤ 200 290 420 5
t ≤ 30 370 600 3
30 < t ≤ 60
EN-GJS-600–3 5.3201 360 600 2
60 < t ≤ 200 340 550 1
t ≤ 30 420 700 2
30 < t ≤ 60
EN-GJS-700–2 5.3300 400 700 2
60 < t ≤ 200 380 650 1
t ≤ 30 480 800 2
30 < t ≤ 60
EN-GJS-800–2 5.3301
to be agreed upon between
the manufacturer and the purchaser
60 < t ≤ 200
t ≤ 30
600 900 2
EN-GJS-900–2 5.3302 30 < t ≤ 60 to be agreed upon between
the manufacturer and the purchaser
60 < t ≤ 200
NOTE The mechanical properties of test pieces machined from cast samples may not reflect exactly the properties of
the casting itself. Values for tensile properties of the casting are given in Annex B for guidance.
a
LT for low temperature.
b
RT for room temperature.
7.2.1.2 Impact energy
The impact energy values given in Table 2 for room temperature (RT) and low temperature (LT) applications,
if applicable, shall only be determined if specified by the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order.
The mean value of the three Charpy impact tests and the individual values shall meet the specified
requirements in Table 2.
NOTE The use of impact energy is currently being reassessed regarding its limited relevance as a measure of
resistance to brittle fracture in castings subject to application loads. Annex H gives information about fracture mechanical
approach to spheroidal graphite cast irons.
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Table 2 — Minimum impact energy values measured on V-notched test pieces machined from
cast samples for ferritic grades of the ferritic to pearlitic group
Relevant Minimum impact energy values
wall
J
thickness
Material designation
Room temperature Low temperature Low temperature
(23 ± 5) °C (− 20 ± 2) °C (− 40 ± 2) °C
t
Mean Individual Mean Individual Mean Individual
Symbol Number value value value value value value
mm
(3 tests) (3 tests) (3 tests)
t ≤ 30
— — — — 12 9
EN-GJS-350–22-LT 5.3100 30 < t ≤ 60 — — — — 12 9
60 < t ≤ 200 — — — — 10 7
t ≤ 30
17 14 — — — —
EN-GJS-350–22-RT 5.3101 30 < t ≤ 60 17 14 — — — —
60 < t ≤ 200 15 12 — — — —
t ≤ 30
— — 12 9 — —
EN-GJS-400–18-LT 5.3103 30 < t ≤ 60 — — 12 9 — —
60
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