SIST EN 17228:2019

2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Polimerni materiali - Polimeri na biološki osnovi, polimerni materiali in izdelki iz polimernih materialov - Terminologija, lastnosti in komunikacijaKunststoffe - Biobasierte Polymere, Kunststoffe und Kunststoffprodukte - Begriffe, Merkmale und KommunikationPlastiques - Polymères, plastiques et produits en plastique biosourcés - Terminologie, caractéristiques et communicationPlastics - Bio-based polymers, plastics, and plastic products - Terminology, characteristics and communication83.080.01Polimerni materiali na splošnoPlastics in general13.020.55Biološki izdelkiBiobased productsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 17228:2019SIST EN 17228:2019en,fr,de01-maj-2019SIST EN 17228:2019SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST-TS CEN/TS 16295:2012SIST-TS CEN/TS 16398:2014SIST-TP CEN/TR 15932:2011SIST-TS CEN/TS 16137:20111DGRPHãþD



SIST EN 17228:2019



EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 17228
March
t r s {
s x u { zã t r s tEnglish Version
Plastics æ Bioæbased polymersá plasticsá and plastics products æ Terminologyá characteristics and communication Plastiques æ Polymèresá plastiques et produits en plastique biosourcés æ Terminologieá caractéristiques et communication
Kunststoffe æ Biobasierte Polymereá Kunststoffe und Kunststoffprodukte æ Begriffeá Merkmale und Kommunikation This European Standard was approved by CEN on
t s January
t r s {ä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels
9
t r s { CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s y t t zã t r s { ESIST EN 17228:2019



EN 17228:2019 (E) 2
Contents Page European foreword . 3 Introduction . 4 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 7 4 Bio-based content and bio-based carbon content determination . 9 4.1 General.
{ 4.2 Bio-based carbon content .
{ 4.3 Bio-based content .
{ 5 Sustainability aspects . 9 6 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) . 9 7 Declaration tools .10 7.1 General. 10 7.2 Business to business communication . 10 7.3 Business to consumer communication . 10 Annex A (informative)
Example Data Sheets for the declaration of the characteristics of a bio-based plastic and a bio-based plastics product .11 Annex B (informative)
Examples of different ways to display information on bio-based plastics products .15 Bibliography .17
SIST EN 17228:2019



EN 17228:2019 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 17228: t r s {) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC
t v { òPlasticsóá the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standardá either by publication of an identical text or by endorsementá at the latest by September
t r s {á and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September
t r s {. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes CEN/TR
s w { u t:2010á CEN/TS 16137:2011á CEN/TS
s x t { w:2012á CEN/TS
s x u { z:2012. CEN for the development of European Standards and CEN workshop agreements for bio-polymers and bio-lubricants in relation to bio-e mandate M/430 requested the preparation of interim outputs for biopolymers. The interim outputs were: CEN/TS 16137:2011á CEN/TS
s x t { w:2012á CEN/TS
s x u { z:2012á and CEN/TR
s w { u t:2010. The mandate also requested to develop as final output and on the same basis a European Standard for biopolymers. This document represents the final output and will supersede the interim outputs taking into account the standards -based products". According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulationsá the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standardã Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 17228:2019



EN 17228:2019 (E) 4 Introduction Acknowledging the need for common standards for bioplasticsá the European Commission issued mandate M/430 (Mandate Addressed to CEN for the Development of European Standards and CEN Workshop Agreements for Bio-Polymers and Bio-Lubricants in Relation to Bio-the Development of Horizontal European Standards and Other Standardization Deliverables for Bio- -based products other than foodá feed and biomass for energy applicationsä These standards are horizontalá iäeä they cover all the possible products and sectors and provide a common basis to be implemented in each specific product category. This European Standard applies the approach developed by CEN/TC 411 for the bio-based plastics considering the main aspects identified by CEN/TC 411 i.e.: — common terminology; — bio-based content and bio-based carbon content determination; — Life Cycle Assessment (LCA); — sustainability aspects; —declaration tools. The terms òbiopolymersó and òbioplasticsó are commonly used to identify polymers and plastics that are either bio-basedá biodegradableá or feature both propertiesä While these definitions are quite widespread and used by industryá it is recognized that they are susceptible to misunderstanding and thus inappropriate for standardization purposesä When associated with plasticsá the prefix òbioó can be perceived by consumers as an indication of biodegradability or of full natural originä Howeverá polymers and plastics derived from biomass can be either biodegradable or non-biodegradable. Biodegradability is linked to the structure of the polymer chain; it does not depend on the origin of the raw materials. The process of biodegradation depends on
In the market today there are different fossil based plastics which are biodegradable according to the relevant standards and there are also plastics which are made from biomass and are highly resistant to biodegradation. One historically relevant example is polycaprolactone (PCL) which is industrially prepared starting from cyclohexanoneá a typical petrochemicalä The biodegradability of PCL in several environments has been well known since the
s { y rsä On the other handá there are different bio-based materials in the market which are not biodegradable according to the relevant standardsä For exampleã recalcitrant to biodegradation. This is cause of concern as it can be the source of misleading information and confusion across the supply chain and especially for the final consumersä Thereforeá when referring to the origin of the feedstock it is essential to use the correct and precise terminology: bio-based polymer/plastics/plastics product instead of biopolymer/bioplastics/bioplastics product. Polymers derived from biomass have to be distinguished into two groups. The first group included polymersá whicmicroorganisms) and have been extracted and purified. The initial chemical structure is used (e.g. SIST EN 17228:2019



EN 17228:2019 (E) 5 ities (e.g. cellulose acetates). The second group consists of materials where the chemical structure of the biomass feedstock is not maintainedä For exampleá materials like starch or cellulose are hydrolysed and the generated monomeric sugars are used to pthen be polymerised. Examples are lactic acid (to produce poly(lactic acid)) or bio-based succinic acid (used for poly(butylene succinate)). It is also possible to use low-molecular biomass feedstock such as sucrose (for bioethanol and subsequent bio-based polyethylene) or ricinoleic acid from castor oil (for bio-based polyamides). These polymers are bio-basedá because the original feedstock comes from agricultureá but they are non-natural polymersá iäeä they are not extracted from a plant or a bacteriumá
SIST EN 17228:2019



EN 17228:2019 (E) 6 1 Scope This document specifies the vocabularyá methods for characterizationá and templates for reporting about bio-based polymersá plasticsá and plastics products (including semi-finished plastics products and composites). In particular this document coversã terminologyá bio-based contentá bio-based carbon contentá Life Cycle Assessmentá sustainability aspectsá and declaration toolsä Biocompatible polymers and plastics for medical applications covered by specific provisions are out of the scope of this document. 2 Normative references The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this documentä For dated referencesá only the edition cited appliesä For
EN 16575á Bio-based products — Vocabulary EN 16640:2017á Bio-based products — Bio-based carbon content — Determination of the bio-based carbon content using the radiocarbon method EN 16785-1:2015á Bio-based products — Bio-based content — Part 1: Determination of the bio-based content using the radiocarbon analysis and elemental analysis EN 16785-2á Bio-based products — Bio-based content — Part 2: Determination of the bio-based content using the material balance method EN 16848á Bio-based products — Requirements for Business to Business communication of characteristics using a Data Sheet EN 16 { u wá Bio-based products — Requirements for Business-to-Consumer communication and claims EN ISO 14020á Environmental labels and declarations — General principles (ISO 14020) ISO 16620-2:2015á Plastics — Biobased content — Part 2: Determination of biobased carbon content ISO 16620-4á Plastics — Biobased content — Part 4: Determination of biobased mass content SIST EN 17228:2019



EN 17228:2019 (E) 7 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this documentá the terms and definitions given in EN 16575 and the following apply. ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addressesã — IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/ — ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp 3.1 bio-based derived from biomass Note 1 to entry: Biomass can
Note 2 to entry: The correct spelling of òbio--). It is however in common usage sometimes spelt without a hyphen. [SOURCE: adapted from EN 16575:2014á definition 2.1] 3.2 bio-based polymer polymer wholly or partly derived from biomass 3.3 bio-based composite composite material wholly or partly derived from biomass 3.4 bio-based plastic plastic wholly or partly derived from biomass 3.5 biocompatible compatible with human or animal tissues and suitable for medical therapy 3.6 biodegradable status of a polymeric item that can be biodegraded [SOURCE: CEN/TR 15351:2006á definition 5.2.c) 5] 3.7 biodegradation degradation caused by biological activityá especially by enzymatic actioná leading to a significant change in the chemical structure of a material [SOURCE: ISO 15270:2008á definition 3.4] SIST EN 17228:2019



EN 17228:2019 (E) 8 3.8 biomass
EXAMPLES (whole or
[SOURCE: adapted from CEN/TR 16208:2011á definition 3.1.4] 3.9 3.9.1 composite
´fibre reinforcement µ solid product consisting of two or more distinct phasesá including a binding material (matrix) and a particulate or fibrous material EXAMPLE Moulding material containing reinforcing fibresá particulate fillers or hollow spheresä [SOURCE: EN ISO 472:2013á definition 2.182.1] 3.9.2 composite solid product consisting of two or more film or sheetá normal or syntactic cellular plasticá metalá wood or a composite in accordance with definition in
tä s z tä sá with or without adhesive
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