SIST EN 60034-2-1:2015

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 60034-2-1:2015
01-februar-2015
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Rotating electrical machines - Part 2-1: Standard methods for determining losses and
efficiency from tests (excluding machines for traction vehicles) (IEC 60034-2-1:2014)
Drehende elektrische Maschinen - Teil 2-1: Standardverfahren zur Bestimmung der
Verluste und des Wirkungsgrades aus Prüfungen (ausgenommen Maschinen für
Schienen- und Straßenfahrzeuge) (IEC 60034-2-1:2014)
Machines électriques tournantes - Partie 2-1: Méthodes normalisées pour la
détermination des pertes et du rendement à partir d'essais (à l'exclusion des machines
pour véhicules de traction) (CEI 60034-2-1:2014)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 60034-2-1:2014
ICS:
29.160.01 Rotacijski stroji na splošno Rotating machinery in
general
SIST EN 60034-2-1:2015 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN 60034-2-1:2015

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SIST EN 60034-2-1:2015


EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 60034-2-1

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
September 2014
ICS 29.160 Supersedes EN 60034-2:1996 (partially), EN 60034-2-
1:2007
English Version
Rotating electrical machines - Part 2-1: Standard methods for
determining losses and efficiency from tests (excluding
machines for traction vehicles)
(IEC 60034-2-1:2014)
Machines électriques tournantes - Partie 2-1: Méthodes Drehende elektrische Maschinen - Teil 2-1:
normalisées pour la détermination des pertes et du Standardverfahren zur Bestimmung der Verluste und des
rendement à partir d'essais (à l'exclusion des machines Wirkungsgrades aus Prüfungen (ausgenommen Maschinen
pour véhicules de traction) für Schienen- und Straßenfahrzeuge)
(CEI 60034-2-1:2014) (IEC 60034-2-1:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2014-08-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC
Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre or to any CENELEC member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.



European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2014 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
 Ref. No. EN 60034-2-1:2014 E

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SIST EN 60034-2-1:2015
EN 60034-2-1:2014 - 2 -
Foreword
The text of document 2/1742/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 60034-2-1, prepared by IEC/TC 2 "Rotating
machinery" was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as
EN 60034-2-1:2014.
The following dates are fixed:
– latest date by which the document has to be implemented at (dop) 2015-05-01
national level by publication of an identical national
standard or by endorsement
– latest date by which the national standards conflicting with (dow) 2017-08-01
the document have to be withdrawn

This document supersedes EN 60034-2:1996 (partially), EN 60034-2-1:2007.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such
patent rights.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association.
Endorsement notice
The text of the International Standard IEC 60034-2-1:2014 was approved by CENELEC as a
European Standard without any modification.
In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated:
IEC 60034-2-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60034-2-2.
IEC/TS 60034-2-3 NOTE Harmonized as CLC/TS 60034-2-3.
IEC 60044 (Series) NOTE Harmonized as EN 60044 (Series).

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SIST EN 60034-2-1:2015
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Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications

The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.


NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.

NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here:
www.cenelec.eu.


Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
IEC 60027-1 -  Letter symbols to be used in electrical EN 60027-1 -
technology -- Part 1: General
IEC 60034-1 2010 Rotating electrical machines -- Part 1: EN 60034-1 2010
Rating and performance
IEC 60034-4 2008 Rotating electrical machines -- Part 4: EN 60034-4 2008
Methods for determining synchronous
machine quantities from tests
IEC 60034-19 -  Rotating electrical machines -- Part 19: EN 60034-19 -
Specific test methods for d.c. machines on
conventional and rectifier-fed supplies
IEC 60034-29 -  Rotating electrical machines -- Part 29: EN 60034-29 -
Equivalent loading and superposition
techniques - Indirect testing to determine
temperature rise
IEC 60051 Series Direct acting indicating analogue electrical EN 60051 Series
measuring instruments and their
accessories
IEC 60051-1 -  Direct acting indicating analogue electrical EN 60051-1 -
measuring instruments and their
accessories -- Part 1: Definitions and
general requirements common to all parts

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SIST EN 60034-2-1:2015

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SIST EN 60034-2-1:2015



IEC 60034-2-1

®


Edition 2.0 2014-06




INTERNATIONAL



STANDARD




NORME



INTERNATIONALE











Rotating electrical machines –

Part 2-1: Standard methods for determining losses and efficiency from tests

(excluding machines for traction vehicles)




Machines électriques tournantes –

Partie 2-1: Méthodes normalisées pour la détermination des pertes et du


rendement à partir d’essais (à l’exclusion des machines pour véhicules

de traction)












INTERNATIONAL

ELECTROTECHNICAL

COMMISSION


COMMISSION

ELECTROTECHNIQUE

PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE

CODE PRIX XD


ICS 29.160 ISBN 978-2-8322-1606-4



Warning! Make sure that you obtained this publication from an authorized distributor.

Attention! Veuillez vous assurer que vous avez obtenu cette publication via un distributeur agréé.

® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale

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SIST EN 60034-2-1:2015
– 2 – IEC 60034-2-1:2014 © IEC 2014
CONTENTS

FOREWORD . 5
1 Scope . 7
2 Normative references . 7
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 12
4.1 Symbols . 12
4.2 Additional subscripts . 13
5 Basic requirements . 14
5.1 Direct and indirect efficiency determination . 14
5.2 Uncertainty . 15
5.3 Preferred methods and methods for customer-specific acceptance tests,
field-tests or routine-tests . 15
5.4 Power supply . 15
5.4.1 Voltage . 15
5.4.2 Frequency . 15
5.5 Instrumentation . 15
5.5.1 General . 15
5.5.2 Measuring instruments for electrical quantities . 16
5.5.3 Torque measurement . 16
5.5.4 Speed and frequency measurement . 16
5.5.5 Temperature measurement . 17
5.6 Units . 17
5.7 Resistance . 17
5.7.1 Test resistance . 17
5.7.2 Winding temperature . 17
5.7.3 Correction to reference coolant temperature . 18
5.8 State of the machine under test and test categories . 18
5.9 Excitation circuit measurements . 19
5.10 Ambient temperature during testing . 19
6 Test methods for the determination of the efficiency of induction machines . 19
6.1 Preferred testing methods . 19
6.1.1 General . 19
6.1.2 Method 2-1-1A – Direct measurement of input and output . 20
6.1.3 Method 2-1-1B – Summation of losses, additional load losses according
to the method of residual loss . 21
6.1.4 Method 2-1-1C – Summation of losses with additional load losses from
assigned allowance . 28
6.2 Testing methods for field or routine-testing . 32
6.2.1 General . 32
6.2.2 Method 2-1-1D – Dual supply back-to-back-test . 33
6.2.3 Method 2-1-1E – Single supply back-to-back-test . 34
6.2.4 Method 2-1-1F – Summation of losses with additional load losses
determined by test with rotor removed and reverse rotation test . 35
6.2.5 Method 2-1-1G – Summation of losses with additional load losses
determined by Eh-star method . 39
6.2.6 Method 2-1-1H – Determination of efficiency by use of the equivalent
circuit parameters . 42

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SIST EN 60034-2-1:2015
IEC 60034-2-1:2014 © IEC 2014 – 3 –
7 Test methods for the determination of the efficiency of synchronous machines . 47
7.1 Preferred testing methods . 47
7.1.1 General . 47
7.1.2 Method 2-1-2A – Direct measurement of input and output . 48
7.1.3 Method 2-1-2B – Summation of separate losses with a rated load
temperature test and a short circuit test . 50
7.1.4 Method 2-1-2C – Summation of separate losses without a full load test . 55
7.2 Testing methods for field or routine testing . 57
7.2.1 General . 57
7.2.2 Method 2-1-2D – Dual supply back-to-back-test . 57
7.2.3 Method 2-1-2E – Single supply back-to-back-test . 58
7.2.4 Method 2-1-2F – Zero power factor test with excitation current from
Potier-, ASA- or Swedish-diagram . 60
7.2.5 Method 2-1-2G – Summation of separate losses with a load test without
consideration of additional load losses . 64
8 Test methods for the determination of the efficiency of d.c. machines . 65
8.1 Testing methods for field or routine testing . 65
8.1.1 General . 65
8.1.2 Method 2-1-3A – Direct measurement of input and output . 65
8.1.3 Method 2-1-3B – Summation of losses with a load test and d.c.
component of additional load losses from test. 67
8.1.4 Method 2-1-3C – Summation of losses with a load test and d.c.
component of additional load losses from assigned value . 73
8.1.5 Method 2-1-3D – Summation of losses without a load test . 75
8.1.6 Method 2-1-3E – Single supply back-to-back test . 77
Annex A (normative) Calculation of values for the Eh-star method . 80
Annex B (informative) Types of excitation systems . 83
Annex C (informative) Induction machine slip measurement. 84
Annex D (informative) Test report template for method 2-1-1B . 86
Bibliography . 87

Figure 1 – Sketch for torque measurement test . 20
Figure 2 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-1A . 21
Figure 3 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-1B . 22
Figure 4 – Smoothing of the residual loss data. 27
Figure 5 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-1C . 29
Figure 6 – Vector diagram for obtaining current vector from reduced voltage test . 30
Figure 7 – Assigned allowance for additional load losses P . 31
LL
Figure 8 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-1D . 33
Figure 9 – Sketch for dual supply back-to-back test . 33
Figure 10 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-1E . 34
Figure 11 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-1F . 36
Figure 12 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-1G . 39
Figure 13 – Eh-star test circuit . 40
Figure 14 – Induction machine, T-model with equivalent iron loss resistor . 42
Figure 15 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-1H . 43
Figure 16 – Induction machines, reduced model for calculation . 46

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SIST EN 60034-2-1:2015
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Figure 17 – Sketch for torque measurement test . 49
Figure 18 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-2A . 49
Figure 19 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-2B . 50
Figure 20 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-2C . 56
Figure 21 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-2D . 57
Figure 22 – Sketch for dual supply back-to-back test ( I If, f ) . 58
M GM G
Figure 23 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-2E . 59
Figure 24 – Single supply back-to-back test for synchronous machines . 59
Figure 25 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-2F . 60
Figure 26 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-2G . 64
Figure 27 – Sketch for torque measurement test . 66
Figure 28 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-3A . 66
Figure 29 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-3B . 67
Figure 30 – Sketch for single supply back-to-back test for determination of d.c.
component of additional load losses . 71
Figure 31 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-3C . 73
Figure 32 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-3D . 76
Figure 33 – Efficiency determination according to method 2-1-3E . 78
Figure 34 – Sketch for single supply back-to-back test . 78
Figure C.1 – Slip measurement system block diagram . 85


Table 1 – Reference temperature . 17
Table 2 – Induction machines: preferred testing methods . 20
Table 3 – Induction machines: other methods . 32
Table 4 – Synchronous machines with electrical excitation: preferred testing methods. 48
Table 5 – Synchronous machines with permanent magnets: preferred testing methods . 48
Table 6 – Synchronous machines: other methods . 57
Table 7 – DC machines: test methods . 65
Table 8 – Multiplying factors for different speed ratios . 74

==

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SIST EN 60034-2-1:2015
IEC 60034-2-1:2014 © IEC 2014 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES –

Part 2-1: Standard methods for determining losses and efficiency
from tests (excluding machines for traction vehicles)

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
assessment services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any
services carried out by independent certification bodies.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
International Standard IEC 60034-2-1 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 2:
Rotating machinery.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition of IEC 60034-2-1, issued in 2007,
as well as IEC 60034-2A, issued in 1974. This edition constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) The test methods are now grouped into preferred methods and methods for field or routine
testing. Preferred methods have a low uncertainty and for a specific rating and type of
machine only one preferred method is now defined.
b) The requirements regarding instrumentation have been detailed and refined.
c) The description of tests required for a specific method is now given in the same sequence
as requested for the performance of the test. This will avoid misunderstandings and

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SIST EN 60034-2-1:2015
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improve the accuracy of the procedures. In addition, for each method a flowchart shows
the sequence of tests graphically.
The text of this standard is based on the following documents:
FDIS Report on voting
2/1742/FDIS 2/1748/RVD

Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on
voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
NOTE A table of cross-references of all IEC TC 2 publications can be found in the IEC TC 2 dashboard on the
IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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SIST EN 60034-2-1:2015
IEC 60034-2-1:2014 © IEC 2014 – 7 –
ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES –

Part 2-1: Standard methods for determining losses and efficiency
from tests (excluding machines for traction vehicles)



1 Scope
This part of IEC 60034 is intended to establish methods of determining efficiencies from tests,
and also to specify methods of obtaining specific losses.
This standard applies to d.c. machines and to a.c. synchronous and induction machines of all
sizes within the scope of IEC 60034-1.
NOTE These methods may be applied to other types of machines such as rotary converters, a.c. commutator
motors and single-phase induction motors.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and
are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60027-1, Letter symbols to be used in electrical technology – Part 1: General
IEC 60034-1:2010, Rotating electrical machines – Part 1: Rating and performance
IEC 60034-4:2008, Rotating electrical machines – Part 4: Methods for determining
synchronous machine quantities from tests
IEC 60034-19, Rotating electrical machines – Part 19:Specific test methods for d.c. machines
on conventional and rectifier-fed supplies
IEC 60034-29, Rotating electrical machines – Part 29: Equivalent loading and superposition
techniques – Indirect testing to determine temperature rise
IEC 60051(all parts), Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments and
their accessories
IEC 60051-1, Direct acting indicating analogue electrical measuring instruments and their
accessories – Part 1: Definitions and general requirements common to all parts
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60034-1,
IEC 60051-1 and the following apply.
3.1
efficiency
ratio of output power to input power expressed in the same units and usually given as a
percentage

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3.2
direct efficiency determination
method by which the determination of efficiency is made by measuring directly the input
power and the output power
3.3
dynamometer
device for measuring torque applied to the rotating part of the machine under test. It is
equipped with means for measuring and indicating torque and speed, and is not limited to a
cradle base construction. An in-line torque transducer may be used to provide a direct
measu
...