SIST EN ISO 14532:2017

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 14532:2017
01-junij-2017
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN ISO 14532:2005
Zemeljski plin - Slovar (ISO 14532:2014)
Natural gas - Vocabulary (ISO 14532:2014)
Erdgas - Begriffe (ISO 14532:2014)
Gaz naturel - Vocabulaire (ISO 14532:2014)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 14532:2017
ICS:
01.040.75 Naftna in sorodna tehnologija Petroleum and related
(Slovarji) technologies (Vocabularies)
75.060 Zemeljski plin Natural gas
SIST EN ISO 14532:2017 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 14532:2017

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SIST EN ISO 14532:2017


EN ISO 14532
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

February 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 01.040.75; 75.060 Supersedes EN ISO 14532:2005
English Version

Natural gas - Vocabulary (ISO 14532:2014)
Gaz naturel - Vocabulaire (ISO 14532:2014) Erdgas - Begriffe (ISO 14532:2014)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 September 2016.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 14532:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 14532:2017
EN ISO 14532:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3

2

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SIST EN ISO 14532:2017
EN ISO 14532:2017 (E)
European foreword
The text of ISO 14532:2014 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 193 “Natural gas” of the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 14532:2017 by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 238 “Test gases, test pressures, appliance categories and gas appliance
types” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2017, and conflicting national standards shall
be withdrawn at the latest by August 2017.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent
rights.
This document supersedes EN ISO 14532:2005.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 14532:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14532:2017 without any modification.

3

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SIST EN ISO 14532:2017

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SIST EN ISO 14532:2017
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 14532
NORME
Second edition
Deuxième édition
INTERNATIONALE 2014-06-15
Natural gas — Vocabulary
Gaz naturel — Vocabulaire
Reference number
Numéro de référence
ISO 14532:2014(E/F)
©
ISO 2014

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SIST EN ISO 14532:2017
ISO 14532:2014(E/F)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
DOCUMENT PROTÉGÉ PAR COPYRIGHT
© ISO 2014
The reproduction of the terms and definitions contained in this International Standard is permitted in teaching manuals, in-
struction booklets, technical publications and journals for strictly educational or implementation purposes. The conditions for
such reproduction are: that no modifications are made to the terms and definitions; that such reproduction is not permitted for
dictionaries or similar publications offered for sale; and that this International Standard is referenced as the source document.
With the sole exceptions noted above, no other part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or
by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior writ-
ten permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the
requester.
La reproduction des termes et des définitions contenus dans la présente Norme internationale est autorisée dans les manuels
d’enseignement, les modes d’emploi, les publications et revues techniques destinés exclusivement à l’enseignement ou à la mise
en application. Les conditions d’une telle reproduction sont les suivantes: aucune modification n’est apportée aux termes et
définitions; la reproduction n’est pas autorisée dans des dictionnaires ou publications similaires destinés à la vente; la présente
Norme internationale est citée comme document source.
À la seule exception mentionnée ci-dessus, aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni utilisée sous quelque
forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie, l’affichage sur l’internet ou sur un
Intranet, sans autorisation écrite préalable. Les demandes d’autorisation peuvent être adressées à l’ISO à l’adresse ci-après ou au
comité membre de l’ISO dans le pays du demandeur.
ISO copyright office
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Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
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E-mail copyright@iso.org
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Published in Switzerland/Publié en Suisse
ii © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved/Tous droits réservés

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SIST EN ISO 14532:2017
ISO 14532:2014(E/F)

Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Terms and definitions . 1
2.1 General conditions . 1
2.2 Measurement methods . 4
2.3 Sampling . 6
2.4 Analytical systems . 8
2.5 Analysis.11
2.6 Physical and chemical properties .20
2.7 Interchangeability .24
2.8 Odorization .25
2.9 Thermodynamic properties .26
Annex A (informative) Indices, symbols, and units .27
Annex B (informative) Alphabetical index .30
Bibliography .36
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Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers
to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 193, Natural gas.
This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14532:2001/Cor. 1:2002).
iv © ISO 2014 – All rights reserved/Tous droits réservés

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Introduction
ISO/TC 193 Natural Gas was established in May, 1989, with the task of creating new standards and
updating existing standards relevant to natural gas. This includes gas analysis, direct measurement of
properties, quality designation, and traceability.
In these activities, a comprehensive and uniform review of the definitions, symbols, and abbreviations
used in the standards was not previously systematically pursued. The development of standards
with terminology created to suit specific purposes often resulted in the detriment of uniformity and
cohesiveness between standards.
Thus, there is the need for a work of harmonization of the terminology used in the standards pertaining
to natural gas. The intention of this International Standard is to incorporate the reviewed definitions
into the ISO/TC 193 source International Standard.
As the aim is to create a coherent body of standards which support each other with regard to their
definitions, common and unambiguous terms and definitions used throughout all International
Standards is the starting point for the understanding and application of every International Standard.
The presentation of this International Standard has been arranged to facilitate its use as follows:
— Major headings pertain to specific fields of the natural gas industry. All definitions that fall under
these headings, as gleaned from ISO International Standards issued through ISO/TC 193, are listed
under that heading. A review of the contents will serve to facilitate finding specific terms.
— Notes are given under numerous definitions where it was deemed important to give informative
guidance for a given definition. The Notes are not considered a part of the definition.
© ISO 2014 – All rights reserved/Tous droits réservés v

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SIST EN ISO 14532:2017
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14532:2014(E/F)
Natural gas — Vocabulary
1 Scope
This International Standard establishes the terms, definitions, symbols, and abbreviations used in the
field of natural gas.
The terms and definitions have been reviewed and studied in order to cover all aspects of any particular
term with input from other sources such as European Standards from CEN (The European Committee for
Standardization), national standards, and existing definitions in the IGU Dictionary of the Gas Industry.
The definitive intention of this document is to incorporate the reviewed definitions into the
ISO/TC 193 source standards.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1 General conditions
2.1.1 Natural gas
2.1.1.1
natural gas
NG
complex gaseous mixture of hydrocarbons, primarily methane, but generally includes ethane, propane
and higher hydrocarbons, and some non-combustible gases such as nitrogen and carbon dioxide
Note 1 to entry: Natural gas can also contain components or containments such as sulfur compounds and/or other
chemical species.
2.1.1.2
raw gas
unprocessed gas taken from well heads, through gathering lines, to processing or treating facilities
Note 1 to entry: Raw gas can also be partially processed well-head gas taken from basic upstream processing
,
facilities.
2.1.1.3
substitute natural gas
SNG
gas from non-fossil origin which is interchangeable in its properties with natural gas
2.1.1.4
manufactured gas
synthetic gas
gas which has been treated and can contain components that are not typical of natural gas
Note 1 to entry: Manufactured (synthetic) gases can contain substantial amounts of chemical species that are not
typical of natural gases or common species found in atypical proportions as in the case of wet and sour gases.
Note 2 to entry: Manufactured gases fall into two distinct categories, as follows:

a) those that are intended as synthetic or substitute natural gases, and that closely match true natural gases in
both composition and properties;
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b) those that, whether or not intended to replace or enhance natural gas in service, do not closely match natural
gases in composition.
Case b) includes gases such as town gas, coke oven gas (undiluted), and LPG/air mixtures. None of which
is compositionally similar to a true natural gas (even though, in the latter case, it can be operationally
interchangeable with natural gas).
2.1.1.5
lean gas
natural gas having a relatively low energy content, close to or lower than that of pure methane
Note 1 to entry: Lean gas typically contains high amounts of nitrogen and carbon dioxide.
2.1.1.6
rich gas
natural gas having a relatively high energy content, higher than that of pure methane
Note 1 to entry: Rich gas typically contains high amounts of ethane or propane or higher.
2.1.1.7
wet gas
gas which falls short of qualifying as pipeline quality natural gas by the inclusion of undesirable
components such as free water, water vapour and/or high hydrocarbons in such amounts that they can
condense at pipeline conditions
2.1.1.8
sour gas
gas containing significant amount of acid gases such as carbon dioxide and sulphur compounds
Note 1 to entry: The presence of acid compounds is more detrimental in wet gases.
Note 2 to entry: Typically, wet and sour gases can be unprocessed (well head) or partially-processed natural
gases and can also contain condensed hydrocarbons, traces of carbonyl sulphide, and process fluid vapours such
as methanol or glycols.
Note 3 to entry: Carbon dioxide in the presence of free water can be an important cause of corrosion damage to
pipelines.
2.1.1.9
dry natural gas
natural gas containing a mole fraction of water of no more than 0,005 % [50 ppm (molar)] in the vapour
phase
Note 1 to entry: Water vapour content in natural gas can also be expressed in terms of water concentration
3
(mg/m ).
[17]
Note 2 to entry: The correlation between water content and water dew point is given in ISO 18453.
2.1.1.10
saturated gas
natural gas that at the specified conditions of temperature and pressure is at its water dew-point
2.1.1.11
compressed natural gas
CNG
natural gas that has been compressed after processing for storage and transportation purposes
Note 1 to entry: CNG is mainly used as a fuel for vehicles, typically compressed up to 20 000 kPa in the gaseous
state.
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2.1.1.12
liquefied natural gas
LNG
natural gas that has been liquefied after processing for storage or transportation purposes
Note 1 to entry: Liquid natural gas is revaporized and introduced into pipelines for transmission and distribution
as natural gas.
2.1.1.13
gas quality
attribute of natural gas defined by its composition and its physical properties
2.1.1.14
biogas
generic term used to refer to gases produced by anaerobic fermentation or digestion of organic matter,
and without further upgrading nor purification
Note 1 to entry: This can take place in a landfill site to produce landfill gas or in an anaerobic digester to produce
biogas. Sewage gas is biogas produced by the digestion of sewage sludge. Biogases comprise mainly methane and
carbon dioxide.
2.1.1.15
biomethane
methane rich gas derived from biogas or from gasification of biomass by upgrading with the properties
similar to natural gas
2.1.1.16
biomass
mass defined from a scientific and technical point of view as material of biological origin excluding
material embedded in geological formations and/or transformed to fossil
Note 1 to entry: Biomass is organic material that is plant-based or animal-based, including but not limited to
dedicated energy crops, agricultural crops and trees, food, feed and fibre crop residues, aquatic plants, alga,
forestry and wood residues, agricultural wastes, processing by-products and other non-fossil organic matter.
Note 2 to entry: See also herbaceous biomass, fruit biomass, and woody biomass.
2.1.2 Pipeline network
2.1.2.1
pipeline grid
system of interconnected pipelines, both national and international that serve to transmit and distribute
natural gas
2.1.2.2
local distribution system
LDS
gas mains and services that supply natural gas directly to consumers
2.1.2.3
custody transfer point
location between two pipeline systems where the quantity of energy of the natural gas has to be
accounted for
Note 1 to entry: At such location a change of pressure regime can also occur.
2.1.2.4
transfer station
system of pipelines, measurement and regulation (pressure control), and ancillary devices at a custody
transfer point necessary to account for the quantity of gases transferred and the adaptation to the
possible different pressure regimes of the networks
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2.2 Measurement methods
2.2.1 General definitions
2.2.1.1
absolute measurement
measurement of a property from fundamental metrological quantities
Note 1 to entry: For example, fundamental metrological quantities are length, mass, and time.
Note 2 to entry: For example, the determination of the mass of a gas using certified masses.
2.2.1.2
direct measurement
measurement of a property from quantities that, in principle, define the property
Note 1 to entry: For example, the determination of the calorific value of a gas using the thermometric measurement
of the energy released in the form of heat during the combustion of a known amount of gas.
2.2.1.3
indirect measurement
measurement of a property from quantities that, in principle, do not define the property, but have a
known relationship with the property
Note 1 to entry: For example, the determination of the calorific value from measurements of the air-to-gas ratio
required to achieve stoichiometric combustion that is related linearly to the calorific value.
2.2.1.4
lower range value
lowest value of a quantity to be measured (measurand) that a measuring system or transmitter is
adjusted to measure
2.2.1.5
upper range value
highest value of a quantity to be measured(measurand) that a measuring system or transmitter is
adjusted to measure
2.2.1.6
span
algebraic difference between the upper and lower range values
2.2.1.7
relative measurement
measurement of a property by means of comparison with a value of the property taken from an accepted
standard, for example, reference material
Note 1 to entry: For example, determining gas density from the quotient of the mass of gas contained in a given
volume to that of air contained in the same volume at the same temperature and pressure, and multiplying by the
density of air at that temperature and pressure.
2.2.2 Specific methods
2.2.2.1
gas chromatographic method
method of analysis by which the components of a gas mixture are separated using gas chromatography
Note 1 to entry: The sample is passed in a stream of carrier gas through a column that has different retention
properties relative to the components of interest. Different components pass through the column at different
rates and are detected as they elute from the column at different times.
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2.2.2.2
potentiometric method
method of analysis by which a known quantity of gas is first passed through a solution, where a specific
gas component or a group of components is (are) selectively absorbed, then the absorbed analyte(s) in
the solution is (are) evaluated by potentiometric titration
Note 1 to entry: The result is a titration curve showing the potentiometric end points for the components being
sought versus the titration solutions required. From this data, the concentrations of the various components can
be calculated.
2.2.2.3
potentiometric titration
method where the amount of titrant consumed for reaction of the gas component with the titrant is
proportional to the gas component concentration, and the endpoint of reaction is determined by the
variation of potential inside the cell
Note 1 to entry: The volume increments of titrant (titration solution) added determine the difference in potential
to be measured. Different volume increments of titrant, specifically smaller volume increments close to end
points, can permit a better evaluation of the end points.
2.2.2.4
turbidimetric titration
method to determine the content of sulfate ions whereby a barium salt solution is added to an absorption
solution and the turbidity caused by the formation of any insoluble barium sulfate detected
Note 1 to entry: This method is valid for solutions having a total sulfur content below 0,1 mg.
Note 2 to entry: A photometer with galvanometer readout is employed with the titration procedure to determine
3
the inflection point. From these data, the total sulfur content in mg/m can be calculated.
2.2.2.5
combustion method
method by which a gas sample undergoes total combustion and the specific combustion products are
measured to determine the total concentration of an element in the sample, e.g. sulfur
Note 1 to entry: Wickbold method: the Wickbold combustion method uses the combustion and complete thermal
decomposition of compounds at a high temperature in a hydrogen/oxygen flame. It is performed with a special
[2]
instrument (see ISO 4260 ).
Note 2 to entry: Lingener method: the Lingener combustion method uses air, and it is performed using a special
[8]
instrument (see ISO 6326-5 ).
2.2.2.6
absorption
extraction of one or more components from a mixture of gases when brought into contact with a liquid
Note 1 to entry: The assimilation or extraction process causes (or is accompanied by) a physical or chemical
change, or both, in the sorbent material.
Note 2 to entry: The gaseous components are retained by capillary, osmotic, chemical, or solvent action.
EXAMPLE Removal of water from natural gas using glycol.
2.2.2.7
adsorption
retention, by physical or chemical forces of gas molecules, dissolved substances, or liquids by the surfaces
of solids or liquids with which they are in contact
Note 1 to entry: For example, retention of methane by carbon.
2.2.2.8
desorption
removal of a sorbed substance by the reverse process of adsorption or absorption
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2.3 Sampling
2.3.1 Sampling methods
2.3.1.1
direct sampling
sampling in situations where there is a direct connection between the natural gas to be sampled and the
analytical unit
2.3.1.2
indirect sampling
sampling in situations where there is no direct connection between the natural gas to be sampled and
the analytical unit
2.3.1.3
in-line instrument
instrument whose active element is installed inside the pipeline and makes measurements under
pipeline conditions
2.3.1.4
on-line instrument
instrument that samples gas directly from the pipeline, but is installed externally to the pipeline
2.3.1.5
off-line instrument
instrument that has no direct connection to the pipeline
2.3.1.6
spot sample
sample of specified volume taken at a specified place at a specified time from a stream of gas
2.3.2 Sampling devices
2.3.2.1
floating piston cylinder
container that has a moving piston separating the sample from a buffer gas. The pressures are in balance
on both sides of the piston
2.3.2.2
incremental sampler
sampler that accumulates a series of spot samples into one composite sample
2.3.2.3
flow-proportional incremental sampler
sampler that collects a series of spot samples over a period of time with the spot samples taken in such a
manner as to ensure the incremental sample is proportional to the incremental totalised flow
Note 1 to entry: This is normally achieved by varying the frequency of extraction of a constant volume spot sample
(grab).
2.3.2.4
sample container
container that is used to collect a representative sample and maintain the sample in a representative
condition
Note 1 to entry: The sample container should not alter the gas composition in any way or affect the proper
collection of the gas sample. The materials, valves, seals, and other components of the sample container shall be
specified to maintain this principle.
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2.3.2.5
sample line
conduit to transfer a sample of gas from the sample place to the analytical unit or sample container
Note 1 to entry: Another word used for sample line is transfer line.
2.3.2.6
sample probe
device inserted into the gas pipeline so that a
...