SIST-TS BS OHSAS 18002:2012

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS BS OHSAS 18002:2012
01-marec-2012
Sistemi vodenja varnosti in zdravja pri delu - Smernice za izvajanje standarda
OHSAS 18001:2007
Occupational health and safety management systems - Guidelines for the
implementation of OHSAS 18001:2007
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:
ICS:
03.100.01 Organizacija in vodenje Company organization and
podjetja na splošno management in general
13.100 Varnost pri delu. Industrijska Occupational safety.
higiena Industrial hygiene
SIST-TS BS OHSAS 18002:2012 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-TS BS OHSAS 18002:2012

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WB9423_BSI_StandardColCov_noK_AW:BSI FRONT COVERS 5/9/08 12:55 Page 1
SIST-TS BS OHSAS 18002:2012
BS OHSAS 18002:2008
BSI British Standards
Occupational health
and safety management
systems — Guidelines for
the implementation of
OHSAS 18001:2007
NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW
™
raising standards worldwide

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SIST-TS BS OHSAS 18002:2012
BS OHSAS 18002:2008 BritiSH StAndArd
 National foreword
 Publishing information
this British Standard was published by BSi and comes into effect on
dAtE. it is the official UK implementation of OHSAS 18002:2008,
which supersedes OHSAS 18002:2000.
BS OHSAS 18002 will be maintained in line with any changes to
OHSAS 18002, subject to the approval of BSi technical Committee HS/1,
Occupational health and safety management, which collated the UK
comments on the second Working draft of OHSAS 18002 and put
forward its preferred position.
A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained
on request to its secretary.
 Relationship with other documents
BS OHSAS 18002 is one of three related documents on occupational
health and safety management systems published by the BSi since
June 2007. the first was BS OHSAS 18001:2007, which specifies what
an organization needs to have in place to meet the criteria for
occupational health and safety management.
BS OHSAS 18002:2008 is a guidance standard that identifies what
an organization should consider when implementing and operating
a system that meets the requirements of BS OHSAS 18001. it is a
supportive guidance document to BS OHSAS 18001:2007 and does not
impose any additional requirements.
BS 18004:2008, Guide to achieving effective occupational health and
safety performance, gives good practice guidance on successful health
1)
and safety management and builds on the guidance given in HSG 65 .
Structured around the OHSAS 18001 framework, it provides guidance
in line with developments in OHS management within the UK and
provides extensive annexes intended to support those organizations
that wish to deliver good health and safety performance.
 Contractual and legal considerations
in the UK, and Europe generally, there are various legal requirements
for occupational health and safety that apply to the potentially
harmful effects of work activities and which extend beyond the
workplace to those who might be affected by workplace activities
(see note to 3.12 on the definition of occupational health and safety).
it is essential for the organization to take the matters addressed by
these legal requirements into account in establishing, implementing
and maintaining its OH&S management system – and in particular
when identifying hazards, assessing risks and determining controls
(see 4.3.1 and 4.3.2). this standard ought therefore to be read in
conjunction with BS 18004 and HSG 65, which give good practice
guidance on complying with such legal requirements in the UK.
this publication does not purport to include all the necessary
provisions of a contract. User are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from
legal obligation.
1)
HSG 65, Successful health and safety management.

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 Publishing and copyright information
the BSi copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when
the document was last issued.
© BSi 2008
iSBn 978 0 580 62686 9
iCS 13.100
 Publication history
First published november 2008
 Amendments issued since publication
Amd. No. Date Text affected

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SIST-TS BS OHSAS 18002:2012
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 Contents
Acknowledgement ii
Foreword iv
introduction 1
1 Scope 4
2 reference publications 5
3 terms and definitions 5
4 OH&S management system requirements 9
Annexes
Annex A (informative) Correspondence between OHSAS 18001:2007,
iSO 14001:2004 and iSO 9001:2008 68
Annex B (informative) Correspondence between OHSAS 18001,
OHSAS 18002 and the iLO‑OSH:2001 Guidelines on occupational safety
and health management systems 71
Annex C (informative) Examples of items for inclusion in a hazard
identification checklist 75
Annex d (informative) Comparisons of some examples of risk
assessment tools and methodologies 77
Bibliography 78
List of figures
Figure 1 – OH&S management system model for this OHSAS
Standard 2
Figure 2 – Overview of the hazard identification and risk assessment
process 15
List of tables
table A.1 – Correspondence between OHSAS 18001:2007,
iSO 14001:2004 and iSO 9001:2008 68
table B.1 – Correspondence between the clauses of the OHSAS
documents and the clauses of the iLO‑OSH Guidelines 73
Summary of pages
this document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover,
pages i to vi, pages 1 to 78, an inside back cover and a back cover.
the copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the
document was last issued.
© BSI 2008 • i

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 Acknowledgement
the following organizations are included in this listing either
to recognize their assistance in the development of this edition
of OHSAS 18002, or to recognize their general support of the
OHSAS standards.
AFAQ EAQA
American industrial Hygiene Association (AiHA)
American Society of Safety Engineers (ASSE)
Asociación Española de normalización y Certificación (AEnOr)
Association of British Certification Bodies (ABCB)
British Standards institution (BSi)
Bureau Veritas Certification
ˇ
Ceský normalizacˇní institute (Cni)
Comisión Federal de Electricidad (CFE), (Gerencia de la seguridad
industrial)
Czech Accreditation institute (CAi)
det norske Veritas (dnV)
dS Certification A/S
EEF the manufacturers’ organisation
EnLAr Compliance Services, inc.
Estonian Centre for Standardisation (EVS)
1)
Health and Safety Executive
Hong Kong Quality Assurance Agency (HKQAA)
iMS risk Solutions
institute for Standardization of Serbia (iSS)
institution of Occupational Safety and Health (iOSH)
instituto Argentino de normalización y Certificación (irAM)
instituto Colombiano de normas técnicas y Certificación (iCOntEC)
instituto de normas técnicas de Costa rica (intECO)
instituto Mexicano de normalización y Certificación, A.C. (iMnC, A.C.)
instituto Uruguayo de normas técnicas (Unit)
itS Consultants
Japan industrial Safety and Health Association (JiSHA)
Japanese Standards Association (JSA)
Korea Gas Safety Corporation (iSO Certificate division)
Lloyds register Quality Assurance (LrQA)
Management Systems Certification Limited
1)
As the regulatory authority responsible for health and safety in Great
Britain, the Health and Safety Executive would wish to make it clear that
reliance on the OHSAS Standard by organizations will not absolve them
from compliance with any of their legal health and safety obligations
under the laws of England and Wales, and Scotland.
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national Standards Authority of ireland (nSAi)
national University of Singapore (nUS)
nederlands normalisatie‑instituut (nEn)
nPKF ELECtOn
nQA
QMi‑SAi Global
SABS Commercial (Pty) Ltd.
Service de normalisation industrielle Marocaine (SniMA)
SGS United Kingdom Ltd
SiriM QAS international
Slovenský ústav technickej normalizácie (SUtn)
SPrinG Singapore
Standards institution of israel (Sii)
Sucofindo international Certification Services (SiCS)
Swedish industry Association (Sinf)
Swedish Standards institute (SiS)
technofer Ltd.
tÜV rheinland Cert GmbH – tÜV rheinland Group
Standards Association of Zimbabwe (SAZ)
We would also like to recognize the invaluable contribution made
by those many organizations who took the time to review the
working drafts of OHSAS 18002, and who submitted comments for
consideration. this helped us greatly in improving the standard, and
is much appreciated.
© BSI 2008 • iii

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 Foreword
this Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS)
guideline, and OHSAS 18001:2007, Occupational health and safety
management systems — Requirements, have been developed in
response to customer demand for a recognizable occupational
health and safety management system standard against which their
management systems can be assessed and certified, and for guidance
on the implementation of such a standard.
OHSAS 18001 is compatible with the iSO 9001:2008 (Quality) and
iSO 14001:2004 (Environmental) management systems standards,
in order to facilitate the integration of quality, environmental
and occupational health and safety management systems by
organizations, should they wish to do so.
OHSAS 18002 quotes the specific requirements from OHSAS 18001
and follows with relevant guidance. the clause numbering of
OHSAS 18002 is aligned with that of OHSAS 18001. text given with
an outlined box is an exact duplication of text from OHSAS 18001.
OHSAS 18002 will be reviewed and amended or revised when
considered appropriate. reviews will be conducted when new editions
of OHSAS 18001 are published (expected when revised editions of
either iSO 9001 or iSO 14001 are published).
this OHSAS Standard will be withdrawn on publication of its contents
in, or as, an international Standard.
this OHSAS Standard has been drafted in accordance with the rules
given in the iSO/iEC directives, Part 2.
this second edition cancels and replaces the first edition
(OHSAS 18002:2000), which has been technically revised.
the principal changes with respect to the previous edition are as
follows:
1) in relation to the revised text of OHSAS 18001:
— the importance of “health” has now been given greater
emphasis.
— OHSAS 18001 now refers to itself as a standard, not a
specification, or document, as in the earlier edition. this
reflects the increasing adoption of OHSAS 18001 as the basis
for national standards on occupational health and safety
management systems.
— the “Plan‑do‑Check‑Act” model diagram is only given in
the introduction, in its entirety, and not also as sectional
diagrams at the start of each major clause.
— reference publications in Clause 2 have been limited to
purely international documents.
— new definitions have been added, and existing definitions
revised.
— Significant improvement in alignment with iSO 14001:2004
throughout the standard, and improved compatibility with
iSO 9001:2008.
— the term “tolerable risk” has been replaced by the term
“acceptable risk” (see 3.1).
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— the term “accident” is now included in the term “incident”
(see 3.9).
— the definition of the term “hazard” no longer refers
to “damage to property or damage to the workplace
environment” (see 3.6).
it is now considered that such “damage” is not directly
related to occupational health and safety management,
which is the purpose of this OHSAS Standard, and that it is
included in the field of asset management. instead, the risk
of such “damage” having an effect on occupational health
and safety should be identified through the organization’s
risk assessment process, and be controlled through the
application of appropriate risk controls.
— Sub‑clauses 4.3.3 and 4.3.4 have been merged, in line with
iSO 14001:2004.
— A new requirement has been introduced for the
consideration of the hierarchy of controls as part of OH&S
planning (see 4.3.1).
— Management of change is now more explicitly addressed
(see 4.3.1 and 4.4.6).
— A new clause on the “Evaluation of compliance” (see 4.5.2)
has been introduced.
— new requirements have been introduced for participation
and consultation (see 4.4.3.2).
— new requirements have been introduced for the
investigation of incidents (see 4.5.3.1).
2) in relation to changes that are specific to OHSAS 18002:
— OHSAS 18002:2000 included a presentation format where
firstly the relevant OHSAS 18001 clause was given followed by:
a) a description of the intent of the clause;
b) typical inputs needed for meeting the requirements of
the clause;
c) a description of processes that an organization could use
to meet the requirements;
d) typical outputs expected from meeting the requirements.
this format was found to be difficult to apply, so has not been
followed in this edition (in fact, the format had not been
applied consistently in the 2000 edition). instead, this edition of
OHSAS 18002 is now presented in a more logical format, in which
items in a) to d) have been followed during the drafting of the
guidance, but have not been given overtly, as previously.
— new sub‑clauses, as per OHSAS 18001 (and from iSO 14001),
e.g.:
• for OHSAS 18001:2007, 4.4.3 Communication,
participation and consultation (including new sub‑clauses
on participation/consultation), and 4.5.3.1 incident
investigation.
• from iSO 14001:2004, 4.3.3 Objectives and programme(s)
(through the merging of the former sub‑clauses 4.3.3 and
4.3.4), and 4.5.2 Evaluation of compliance.
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— new sub‑clauses in alignment with the iLO‑OSH:2001
Guidelines, e.g. 4.1.2 initial review, and 4.3.1.5 Management
of change
— Additional new sub‑clauses and annexes, e.g. 4.4.2.4
Awareness, Annex C – Examples of items for inclusion in a
hazard identification checklist and Annex d – Comparisons of
some examples of risk assessment tools and methodologies
— Expanded guidance given in many sub‑clauses, e.g. for 4.3.1
Hazard identification, risk assessment and determination
of controls, 4.3.2 Legal and other requirements, 4.3.3
Objectives and programme(s), 4.4.6 Operational control, 4.4.7
Emergency preparedness and response, 4.5.5 internal audit
this publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions
of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.
Compliance with this Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series
(OHSAS) Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.
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 Introduction
Organizations of all kinds are increasingly concerned with achieving
and demonstrating sound occupational health and safety (OH&S)
performance by controlling their OH&S risks, consistent with their
OH&S policy and objectives. they do so in the context of increasingly
stringent legislation, the development of economic policies and other
measures that foster good OH&S practices, and of increased concern
expressed by interested parties about OH&S issues.
Many organizations have undertaken OH&S “reviews” or “audits” to
assess their OH&S performance. On their own, however, these “reviews”
and “audits” may not be sufficient to provide an organization with
the assurance that its performance not only meets, but will continue to
meet, its legal and policy requirements. to be effective, they need to be
conducted within a structured management system that is integrated
within the organization.
the OHSAS Standards covering OH&S management are intended
to provide organizations with the elements of an effective OH&S
management system that can be integrated with other management
requirements and help organizations achieve OH&S and economic
objectives. these standards, like other international Standards, are not
intended to be used to create non‑tariff trade barriers or to increase
or change an organization’s legal obligations.
OHSAS 18001 specifies requirements for an OH&S management system
to enable an organization to develop and implement a policy and
objectives which take into account legal requirements and information
about OH&S risks. it is intended to apply to all types and sizes of
organizations and to accommodate diverse geographical, cultural
and social conditions. the basis of the approach is shown in Figure 1.
the success of the system depends on commitment from all levels and
functions of the organization, and especially from top management. A
system of this kind enables an organization to develop an OH&S policy,
establish objectives and processes to achieve the policy commitments,
take action as needed to improve its performance, and demonstrate
the conformity of the system to the requirements of OHSAS 18001. the
overall aim of OHSAS 18001 is to support and promote good OH&S
practices, including self regulation, in balance with socio‑economic
needs. it should be noted that many of the requirements can be
addressed concurrently or revisited at any time.
the development of OHSAS 18001:2007 focused on improving the
standard by:
— improving alignment with iSO 14001 and iSO 9001;
— seeking opportunities for alignment with other OH&S management
system standards, e.g. the iLO‑OSH:2001 Guidelines;
— reflecting developments in OH&S practices;
— clarifying the original text from the OHSAS 18001:1999
requirements based on experience of its use.
there is an important distinction between OHSAS 18001, which
describes the requirements for an organization’s OH&S management
system and can be used for certification/registration and/or
self‑declaration of an organization’s OH&S management system, and
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a non‑certifiable guideline, such as OHSAS 18002, intended to provide
generic assistance to an organization for establishing, implementing
or improving an OH&S management system. OH&S management
encompasses a full range of issues, including those with strategic and
competitive implications. demonstration of successful implementation
of OHSAS 18001 can be used by an organization to assure interested
parties that an appropriate OH&S management system is in place.
Any reference to other international Standards is for information only.
Figure 1 OH&S management system model for this OHSAS Standard
Continual Improvement
OH&S policy
Management
review
Planning
Implementation
Checking and
and operation
corrective action
NOTE This OHSAS Standard is based on the methodology known as
Plan‑Do‑Check‑Act (PDCA). PDCA can be briefly described as follows.
— Plan: establish the objectives and processes necessary to deliver
results in accordance with the organization’s OH&S policy.
— Do: implement the processes.
— Check: monitor and measure processes against OH&S policy,
objectives, legal and other requirements, and report the results.
— Act: take actions to continually improve OH&S performance.
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Many organizations manage their operations via the application of a
system of processes and their interactions, which can be referred to as the
“process approach”. ISO 9001 promotes the use of the process approach.
Since PDCA can be applied to all processes, the two methodologies are
considered to be compatible.
OHSAS 18001 contains requirements that can be objectively audited;
however, it does not establish absolute requirements for OH&S
performance beyond the commitments, in the OH&S policy, to comply
with applicable legal requirements and with other requirements to
which the organization subscribes, to the prevention of injury and ill
health and to continual improvement. thus, two organizations carrying
out similar operations but having different OH&S performance can
both conform to its requirements.
OHSAS 18001 does not include requirements specific to other
management systems, such as those for quality, environmental,
security, or financial management, though its elements can be aligned
or integrated with those of other management systems. it is possible
for an organization to adapt its existing management system(s) in
order to establish an OH&S management system that conforms to the
requirements of OHSAS 18001. it is pointed out, however, that the
application of various elements of the management system might differ
depending on the intended purpose and the interested parties involved.
the level of detail and complexity of the OH&S management system,
the extent of documentation and the resources devoted to it depend
on a number of factors, such as the scope of the system, the size of
an organization and the nature of its activities, products and services,
and the organizational culture. this may be the case in particular for
small and medium‑sized enterprises.
NOTE 1 As all of the requirements of OHSAS 18001:2007 are included
within OHSAS 18002:2008, organizations can choose to retain a copy of
OHSAS 18002 alone, for certification purposes.
NOTE 2 There are some small variations in text between the Introduction
given in OHSAS 18001 and this Introduction to account for the differences
in the two OHSAS standards.
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Occupational health and safety management
systems — Guidelines for the implementation of
OHSAS 18001:2007
1 Scope
this Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS)
guideline provides generic advice on the application of OHSAS
18001:2007.
it explains the underlying principles of OHSAS 18001 and describes
the intent, typical inputs, processes and typical outputs, against each
requirement of OHSAS 18001. this is to aid the understanding and
implementation of OHSAS 18001.
OHSAS 18002 does not create additional requirements to those
specified in OHSAS 18001 nor does it prescribe mandatory approaches
to the implementation of OHSAS 18001.
OHSAS 18001 text
this Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series (OHSAS)
Standard specifies requirements for an occupational health and
safety (OH&S) management system, to enable an organization
to control its OH&S risks and improve its OH&S performance. it
does not state specific OH&S performance criteria, nor does it give
detailed specifications for the design of a management system.
this OHSAS Standard is applicable to any organization that
wishes to:
a) establish an OH&S management system to eliminate or
minimize risks to personnel and other interested parties
who could be exposed to OH&S hazards associated with its
activities;
b) implement, maintain and continually improve an OH&S
management system;
c) assure itself of its conformity with its stated OH&S policy;
d) demonstrate conformity with this OHSAS Standard by:
1) making a self‑determination and self‑declaration, or
2) seeking confirmation of its conformance by parties
having an interest in the organization, such as customers,
or
3) seeking confirmation of its self‑declaration by a party
external to the organization, or
4) seeking certification/registration of its OH&S
management system by an external organization.
All the requirements in this OHSAS Standard are intended to be
incorporated into any OH&S management system. the extent of
the application will depend on such factors as the OH&S policy
of the organization, the nature of its activities and the risks and
complexity of its operations.
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this OHSAS Standard is intended to address occupational health
and safety, and is not intended to address other health and safety
areas such as employee wellbeing/wellness programs, product
safety, property damage or environmental impacts.
2 Reference publications
Other publications that provide information or guidance are listed
in the Bibliography. it is advisable that the latest editions of such
publications be consulted. Specifically, reference should be made to
the following publications.
OHSAS 18001:2007, Occupational health and safety management
systems — Requirements
international Labour Organization:2001, Guidelines on occupational
safety and health management systems (ILO‑OSH:2001)
iSO 19011:2002, Guidelines for quality and/or environmental
management systems auditing
NOTE A project was approved by the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in March 2008 to revise ISO 19011 and to expand its
scope to cover the auditing of additional fields of management systems,
including OH&S management systems. Reference should be made to the
revised version when it is available.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in
OHSAS 18001 apply.
OHSAS 18001 text
3.1
acceptable risk
risk that has been reduced to a level that can be tolerated by the
organization having regard to its legal obligations and its own
OH&S policy (3.16)
3.2
audit
systematic, independent and documented process for obtaining
“audit evidence” and evaluating it objectively to determine the
extent to which “audit criteria” are fulfilled
[iSO 9000:2005, 3.9.1]
NOTE 1 Independent does not necessarily mean external to the
organization. In many cases, particularly in smaller organizations,
independence can be demonstrated by the freedom from
responsibility for the activity being audited.
NOTE 2 For further guidance on “audit evidence” and “audit
criteria”, see ISO 19011.
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3.3
continual improvement
recurring process of enhancing the OH&S management system (3.13)
in order to achieve improvements in overall OH&S performance
(3.15) consistent with the organization’s (3.17) OH&S policy (3.16)
NOTE 1 The process need not take place in all areas of activity
simultaneously.
NOTE 2 Adapted from ISO 14001:2004, 3.2.
3.4
corrective action
action to eliminate the cause of a detected nonconformity (3.11)
or other undesirable situation
NOTE 1 There can be more than one cause for a nonconformity.
NOTE 2 Corrective action is taken to prevent recurrence whereas
preventive action (3.18) is taken to prevent occurrence.
[iSO 9000:2005, 3.6.5]
3.5
document
information and its supporting medium
NOTE The medium can be paper, magnetic, electronic or optical
computer disc, photograph or master sample, or a combination
thereof.
[iSO 14001:2004, 3.4]
3.6
hazard
source, situation, or act with a potential for harm in terms of
human injury or ill health (3.8), or a combination of these
3.7
hazard identification
process of recognizing that a hazard (3.6) exists and defining its
characteristics
3.8
ill health
identifiable, adverse physical or mental condition arising from and/
or made worse by a work activity and/or work‑related situation
3.9
incident
work‑related event(s) in which an injury or ill health (3.8)
(regardless of severity) or fatality occurred, or could have occurred
NOTE 1 An accident is an incident which has given rise to injury, ill
health or fatality.
NOTE 2 An incident where no injury, ill health, or fatality occurs
may also be referred to as a “near‑miss”, “near‑hit”, “close call” or
“dangerous occurrence”.
NOTE 3 An emergency situation (see 4.4.7) is a particular type of
incident.
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3.10
interested party
person or group, inside or outside the workplace (3.23),
concerned with or affected by the OH&S performance (3.15) of an
organization (3.17)
3.11
nonconformity
non‑fulfilment of a requirement
[iSO 9000:2005, 3.6.2; iSO 14001, 3.15]
NOTE A nonconformity can be any deviation from:
— relevant work standards, practices, procedures, legal
requirements, etc.
— OH&S management system (3.13) requirements.
3.12
occupational health and safety (OH&S)
conditions and factors that affect, or could affect, the health
and safety of employees or other workers (including temporary
workers and contractor personnel), visitors, or any other person in
the workplace (3.23)
NOTE Organizations can be subject to legal requirements for the
health and safety of persons beyond the immediate workplace, or
who are exposed to the workplace activities.
3.13
OH&S management system
part of an organization’s (3.17) management system used to
develop and implement its OH&S policy (3.16) and manage its
OH&S risks (3.21)
NOTE 1 A management system is a set of interrelated elements used
to establish policy and objectives and to achi
...