SIST EN ISO 15831:2004

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 15831:2004
01-julij-2004
2EODþLOD±)L]LRORãNLXþLQNL±0HUMHQMHWRSORWQHL]RODFLMHVSUHVNXVRPQDWRSORWQL
OXWNL,62
Clothing - Physiological effects - Measurement of thermal insulation by means of a
thermal manikin (ISO 15831:2004)
Bekleidung - Physiologische Wirkungen - Messung der Wärmeisolation mittels einer
Thermopuppe (ISO 15831:2004)
Vetements - Effets physiologiques - Mesurage de l'isolation thermique a l'aide d'un
mannequin thermique (ISO 15831:2004)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 15831:2004
ICS:
61.020 2EODþLOD Clothes
SIST EN ISO 15831:2004 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 15831
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
February 2004
ICS 61.020
English version
Clothing - Physiological effects - Measurement of thermal
insulation by means of a thermal manikin (ISO 15831:2004)
Vêtements - Effets physiologiques - Mesurage de l'isolation Bekleidung - Physiologische Wirkungen - Messung der
thermique à l'aide d'un mannequin thermique (ISO Wärmeisolation mittels einer Thermopuppe (ISO
15831:2004) 15831:2004)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 January 2004.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official
versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,
Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36  B-1050 Brussels
© 2004 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 15831:2004 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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EN ISO 15831:2004 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 15831:2004) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38
"Textiles" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 162 "Protective clothing including
hand and arm protection and lifejackets", the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of
an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2004, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2004.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission
and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU
Directive(s).
For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this
document.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of
the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary,
Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 15831:2004 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 15831:2004 without any
modifications.
2

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EN ISO 15831:2004 (E)
ANNEX ZA
(informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 89/686
This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European

Commission and the European Free Trade Association to provide a means of conforming to
Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 89/686.
Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Communities under that
Directive and has been implemented as a national standard in at least one Member State,
compliance with the normative clauses of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the
limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding Essential
Requirements of that Directive and associated EFTA regulations.
WARNING: Other requirements and other EU Directives may be applicable to the product(s)
falling within the scope of this standard.
3

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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 15831
First edition
2004-02-01


Clothing — Physiological effects —
Measurement of thermal insulation by
means of a thermal manikin
Vêtements — Effets physiologiques — Mesurage de l'isolation
thermique à l'aide d'un mannequin thermique




Reference number
ISO 15831:2004(E)
©
ISO 2004

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ISO 15831:2004(E)
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©  ISO 2004
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
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ii © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved

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ISO 15831:2004(E)
Contents Page
Foreword. iv
1 Scope. 1
2 Terms and definitions. 1
3 Symbols and units . 2
4 Principle . 2
5 Apparatus. 3
5.1 Manikin. 3
5.2 Controlled climatic chamber. 4
6 Selection and preparation of test garments. 5
7 Test procedure . 5
8 Recalibration of the manikin system . 6
9 Calculation of test results . 6
9.1 General. 6
9.2 Serial model — Surface area weighted thermal insulation. 6
9.3 Parallel model — Surface area averaged thermal insulation . 6
10 Precision of results. 7
11 Test report. 7
Annex A (informative) Calculation of test results . 8
Bibliography . 11

© ISO 2004 – All rights reserved iii

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ISO 15831:2004(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 15831 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38, Textiles.

iv © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved

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INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 15831:2004(E)

Clothing — Physiological effects — Measurement of thermal
insulation by means of a thermal manikin
1 Scope
This International Standard describes the requirements of the thermal manikin and the test procedure used to
measure the thermal insulation of a clothing ensemble, as it becomes effective for the wearer in practical use
in a relatively calm environment, with the wearer either standing or moving.
NOTE This thermal insulation, among other parameters, can be used to determine the physiological effect of clothing
on the wearer in specific climate/activity scenarios.
2 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
2.1
clothing ensemble
group of garments worn together on the body at the same time
2.2
thermal insulation of clothing
temperature difference between the wearer's skin surface and ambient atmosphere divided by the resulting
dry heat flow per unit area in the direction of the temperature gradient where the dry heat flow consists of
conductive, convective and radiant components
NOTE Depending on the end use of the clothing, different thermal insulation values can apply.
2.2.1
total thermal insulation of clothing
I
t
total thermal insulation from skin to ambient atmosphere, including clothing and boundary air layer, under
defined conditions measured with a stationary manikin
2.2.2
resultant total thermal insulation of clothing
I
tr
total thermal insulation from skin to ambient atmosphere, including clothing and boundary air layer, under
defined conditions measured with a manikin moving its legs and arms
© ISO 2004 – All rights reserved 1

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ISO 15831:2004(E)
3 Symbols and units
2
a surface area of the body segment i of the manikin m
i
2
A total body surface area of the manikin m
f fraction of the total manikin surface area represented by the surface area of segment i
i
H total heating power supplied to the manikin W
c
H heating power supplied to the body segment i of the manikin W
ci
2
mK
I total thermal insulation of the clothing ensemble with the manikin stationary
t
W
2
mK
I resultant total thermal insulation of the clothing ensemble with the manikin moving
tr
W
RH relative humidity of the air within the climatic chamber %
T air temperature within the climatic chamber °C
a
T mean skin surface temperature of the manikin °C
s
T skin surface temperature of the body segment i of the manikin °C
si
v air speed in the climatic chamber m/s
a
4 Principle
The components of the clothing ensemble to be tested are placed on the manikin in the same arrangement as
in practical use.
The manikin, in the shape and size of an adult human body and, for the measurement of I , with movable legs
tr
and arms, is internally heated to a constant skin surface temperature, uniform over its body. The manikin is
placed in a climatic chamber where defined air temperature and air speed can be set, and air humidity
controlled.
There will be a dry heat flow from the manikin's skin surface area through the clothing into the ambient air,
which is measured after steady-state conditions have been reached. From this heat flow, related to the nude
manikin's body surface area, the clothing ensemble's thermal insulation can be calculated, considering the
temperature difference between the manikin's skin surface and the ambient air.
The measurement is performed with the manikin stationary and/or moving its legs and arms, with a defined
number of movements per minute and a defined stride length.
The insulation values obtained include the thermal insulation provided by the clothing and the adhering air
layer around the body. They apply only to the particular clothing ensemble, as tested, and to the specific
conditions of the test, particularly with respect to the air movement around the manikin.
2 © ISO 2004 – All rights reserved

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ISO 15831:2004(E)
5 Apparatus
5.1 Manikin
5.1.1 Size and shape
The manikin, made from metal or plastic, shall be constructed to simulate the body of an adult human, i.e. it
shall consist of an anatomically formed head, chest, abdomen, back, buttocks, arms, hands (preferably with
fingers extended to allow gloves to be worn), legs and feet. The manikin shall consist of at least 15 body
segments, each independently controlled with regard to surface temperature and monitored for heat flow.
These 15 body segments shall be arranged as shown in Figure 1. If the manikin consists of more than
20 body segments, in the evaluation of the measured data, adjacent segments shall be combined using
Equation (3), in order to approximate the segment arrangement shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1 — Schematic arrangement of the manikin's body segments
2
The body height of the manikin shall be (1,70 ± 0,15) m, with a body surface area of (1,7 ± 0,3) m .
The manikin's body proportions should correspond to those required for standard sizes of garments, because
deviations in fit will affect the results.
For t
...