SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
01-januar-2006
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Rotating electrical machines - Part 17: Cage induction motors when fed from converters -
Application guide (IEC/TS 60034-17:2002 + popravek 2002 in 2003)
Drehende elektrische Maschinen - Teil 17: Umrichtergespeiste Induktionsmotoren mit
Käfigläufern - Projektierungsleitfaden (IEC/TS 60034-17:2002 + popravek 2002 in 2003)
Machines électriques tournantes - Partie 17: Moteurs à induction à cage alimentés par
convertisseurs - Guide d'application (CEI/TS 60034-17:2002 + popravek 2002 in 2003)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CLC/TS 60034-17:2004
ICS:
29.160.30 Motorji Motors
SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION CLC/TS 60034-17
SPECIFICATION TECHNIQUE
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION September 2004

ICS 29.160.30


English version


Rotating electrical machines
Part 17: Cage induction motors when fed from converters -
Application guide
(IEC/TS 60034-17:2002 + corrigenda 2002 & 2003)


Machines électriques tournantes Drehende elektrische Maschinen
Partie 17: Moteurs à induction à cage Teil 17: Umrichtergespeiste
alimentés par convertisseurs - Induktionsmotoren mit Käfigläufern -
Guide d'application Projektierungsleitfaden
(CEI/TS 60034-17:2002 (IEC/TS 60034-17:2002
+ corrigenda 2002 & 2003) + Corrigenda 2002 & 2003)






This Technical Specification was approved by CENELEC on 2004-06-12.

CENELEC members are required to announce the existence of this TS in the same way as for an EN and to
make the TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting
national standards in force.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and United Kingdom.

CENELEC
European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung

Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels


© 2004 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members.

Ref. No. CLC/TS 60034-17:2004 E

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
CLC/TS 60034-17:2004 – 2 –
Foreword
The text of the Technical Specification IEC/TS 60034-17:2002 + corrigendum June 2002 +
corrigendum April 2003, prepared by IEC TC 2, Rotating machinery, was submitted to the formal vote
and was approved by CENELEC as CLC/TS 60034-17 on 2004-06-12 without any modification.
The following date was fixed:
– latest date by which the existence of the CLC/TS
has to be announced at national level (doa) 2004-12-12
Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC.
__________
Endorsement notice
The text of the Technical Specification IEC/TS 60034-17:2002 + corrigendum June 2002 +
corrigendum April 2003 was approved by CENELEC as a Technical Specification without any
modification.
__________

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
– 3 – CLC/TS 60034-17:2004
Annex ZA
(normative)

Normative references to international publications
with their corresponding European publications
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant
EN/HD applies.
Publication Year Title EN/HD Year
1)
IEC 60034-1 (mod) 1996 Rotating electrical machines EN 60034-1 1998
A1 1997 Part 1: Rating and performance A1 1998
A2 1999 A2 1999
+ A11 1999
IEC 60034-6 1991 Part 6: Methods of cooling (IC Code) EN 60034-6 1993
IEC 60034-12 (mod) 1980 Part 12: Starting performance of single-
2)
+ A1 1992 speed three-phase cage induction motors EN 60034-12 1995
A2 1995 for voltages up to and including 690 V, A2 1995
50 Hz + A11 1999
IEC 60072 Series Dimensions and output series for rotating - -
electrical machines

———————
1)
EN 60034-1:1998 is superseded by EN 60034-1:2004, which is based on IEC 60034-1:2004.
2)
EN 60034-2:1995 is superseded by EN 60034-12:2002, which is based on IEC 60034-12:2002.

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
SPÉCIFICATION CEI
TECHNIQUE
IEC



TS 60034-17
TECHNICAL


Quatrième édition
SPECIFICATION

Fourth edition

2006-05


Machines électriques tournantes –
Partie 17:
Moteurs à induction à cage alimentés
par convertisseurs – Guide d'application

Rotating electrical machines –
Part 17:
Cage induction motors when fed
from converters – Application guide

 IEC 2006 Droits de reproduction réservés  Copyright - all rights reserved
Aucune partie de cette publication ne peut être reproduite ni No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any
utilisée sous quelque forme que ce soit et par aucun procédé, form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including
électronique ou mécanique, y compris la photocopie et les photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
microfilms, sans l'accord écrit de l'éditeur. the publisher.
International Electrotechnical Commission, 3, rue de Varembé, PO Box 131, CH-1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland
Telephone: +41 22 919 02 11 Telefax: +41 22 919 03 00 E-mail: inmail@iec.ch Web: www.iec.ch
CODE PRIX
S
PRICE CODE
Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
International Electrotechnical Commission
МеждународнаяЭлектротехническаяКомиссия
Pour prix, voir catalogue en vigueur
For price, see current catalogue

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
TS 60034-17  IEC:2006 – 3 –
CONTENTS
FOREWORD.5
INTRODUCTION.9

1 Scope.11
2 Normative references.11
3 Characteristics of the motor .11
4 Frequency spectrum of voltage and/or currents .13
5 Losses caused by harmonics .17
6 Torque derating during converter operation .23
7 Oscillating torques .25
8 Magnetically excited noise .27
9 Service life of the insulation system .29
10 Bearing currents .33
11 Installation (cabling, grounding, bonding) .39
12 Maximum safe operating speed.39
13 Power factor correction .41

Figure 1 – Waveform of phase current i in delta connection for current source
phase
converter supply (idealized example).13
Figure 2 – Waveform of line-to-line voltage u for voltage source converter supply with
LL
switching frequency f = 30 × f (example) .15
s 1
Figure 3 – Example for the dependence of the motor losses caused by harmonics P
h,
related to the losses P at operating frequency f , on the switching frequency f in case
f1 1 s
of voltage source converter supply .17
Figure 4 – Influence of converter supply on the losses of a cage induction motor
(frame size 315 M, design N) with rated values of torque and speed .21
Figure 5 – Fundamental voltage U as a function of operating frequency f .23
1 1
Figure 6 – Torque derating factor for cage induction motors of design N, IC 0141 (self-
circulating cooling) for current source converter supply as a function of operating
frequency f (example) .25
1
Figure 7 – Limiting curve of admissible impulse voltage Û (including voltage reflection
LL
and damping) at the motor terminals as a function of the rise time t .31
r
Figure 8 – Definition of the peak rise time t of the voltage at the motor terminals .31
r
Figure 9 – Ring flux including shaft voltage and resulting circulating current i .33
circ
Figure 10 – Common mode circuit model and bearing voltage u .37
brg

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
TS 60034-17  IEC:2006 – 5 –
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________

ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES –

Part 17: Cage induction motors when fed from converters –
Application guide


FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote
international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To
this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications,
Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC
Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested
in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-
governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely
with the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by
agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
misinterpretation by any end user.
4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
transparently to the maximum extent possible in their national and regional publications. Any divergence
between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in
the latter.
5) IEC provides no marking procedure to indicate its approval and cannot be rendered responsible for any
equipment declared to be in conformity with an IEC Publication.
6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or
other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and
expenses arising out of the publication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC
Publications.
8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of
patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
The main task of IEC technical committees is to prepare International Standards. In
exceptional circumstances, a technical committee may propose the publication of a technical
specification when
• the required support cannot be obtained for the publication of an International Standard,
despite repeated efforts, or
• the subject is still under technical development or where, for any other reason, there is the
future but no immediate possibility of an agreement on an International Standard.
Technical specifications are subject to review within three years of publication to decide
whether they can be transformed into International Standards.
IEC 60034-17, which is a technical specification, has been prepared by IEC technical
committee 2: Rotating machinery.

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
TS 60034-17  IEC:2006 – 7 –
This fourth edition cancels and replaces the third edition published in 2002 and constitutes a
technical revision.
The main changes with respect to the previous edition concern an adaptation of major parts to
the latest developments of the technology. The relevant clauses are:
• Clause 4 with respect to different kinds of converters;
• Clause 5: improvement to cover the actual state of the art;
• Clause 7: inclusion of pulsating torques caused by ripples of the current in the intermediate
circuit;
• Cause 8: complete revision;
• Clause 10: complete revision;
• Clause 11: totally new, installation was not covered by the previous editions.
The text of this technical specification is based on the following documents:
Enquiry draft Report on voting
2/1348/DTS 2/1373/RVC

Full information on the voting for the approval of this technical specification can be found in the
report on voting indicated in the above table.
This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the
maintenance result date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• transformed into an International standard,
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
TS 60034-17  IEC:2006 – 9 –
INTRODUCTION
The performance characteristics and operating data for drives with converter-fed cage induc-
tion motors are influenced by the complete drive system, comprising supply system, converter,
induction motor, mechanical shafting and control equipment. Each of these components exists
in numerous technical variations. Any values quoted in this technical specification are thus
indicative only.
In view of the complex technical interrelations within the system and the variety of operating
conditions, it is beyond the scope and object of this technical specification to specify numerical
or limiting values for all the quantities which are of importance for the design of the drive.
To an increasing extent, it is practice that drives consist of components produced by different
manufacturers. The object of this technical specification is to explain and quantify, as far as
possible, the criteria for the selection of components and their influence on the performance
characteristics of the drive.
The technical specification deals with motors within the scope of IEC 60034-12, i.e. low-voltage
series-fabricated three-phase cage induction motors, which are designed originally for mains
supply, covering the design N or design H requirements. Motors which are specifically designed
for converter supply are covered by IEC 60034-25.

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
TS 60034-17  IEC:2006 – 11 –
ROTATING ELECTRICAL MACHINES –

Part 17: Cage induction motors when fed from converters –
Application guide



1 Scope
This technical specification deals with the steady-state operation of cage induction motors
within the scope of IEC 60034-12, when fed from converters. It covers the operation over the
whole speed setting range, but does not deal with starting or transient phenomena.
Only indirect type converters are dealt with. This type comprises converters with impressed
direct current in the intermediate circuit (current source converters) and converters with
impressed d.c. voltage (voltage source converters), either of the block type or the pulse
controlled type, without restriction on pulse number, pulse width or switching frequency. For the
purposes of this technical specification, a converter may include any type of electronic
switching device, for example transistors (bipolar or MOSfet), IGBTs, thyristors, GTO-
thyristors, etc. with analog or digital control electronics.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of
the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
IEC 60034-1, Rotating electrical machines – Part 1: Rating and performance
IEC 60034-12, Rotating electrical machines – Part 12: Starting performance of single-speed
three-phase cage induction motors
IEC 60034-25, Rotating electrical machines – Part 25: Guide for the design and performance of
cage induction motors specifically designed for converter supply
3 Characteristics of the motor
The output current of a current source converter passes through the stator winding of the motor
during the commutating period. Therefore, a knowledge of the motor equivalent circuit is
important for the design of the commutating circuits.
In the case of voltage source converters, a knowledge of the motor equivalent circuit is
normally not important for the design of the commutating circuit, but the harmonic impedances
of the motor greatly influence the losses caused by harmonics.

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
TS 60034-17  IEC:2006 – 13 –
The above conditions are relevant for the basic operation capability of the drive. If details are
required of the additional torques (in particular oscillating torques) and of the additional losses,
which occur during converter operation, then a knowledge of the equivalent circuit parameters
of the motor covering the harmonic spectrum will be necessary.
Due to the existing design variants of cage induction motors with design N (e.g. copper deep-
bar rotors and aluminium double-cage rotors are used) and due to the wide frequency range of
the most important harmonics (band width from 0 kHz up to 30 kHz), a generally valid motor
equivalent circuit cannot be specified. As a rule, it is not admissible to use the quantities from
the equivalent circuit for steady-state operation at power frequency (e.g. with leakage
inductances for normal running) in order to calculate torques and losses due to harmonics.
The motor manufacturer may provide appropriate values of the equivalent circuit only if the
frequency spectrum of currents and/or voltages generated by the converter is known.
4 Frequency spectrum of voltage and/or currents
With respect to the necessary torque derating and to the oscillating torques excited by
harmonics, it is important to know the frequency spectra of motor voltages (in case of voltage
source converters) or motor currents (in case of current source converters).
Figure 1 shows the typical waveform of the motor phase current in the case of a current
source converter drive. The produced harmonics are of the order n = 5; 7; 11; 13. The
relative harmonic content is influenced by the commutating time interval which may differ
in different drives.

i
phase
60° 120° 180° 240° 300° 360° ωt
IEC  784/06


Figure 1 – Waveform of phase current i in delta connection
phase
for current source converter supply (idealized example)

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
TS 60034-17  IEC:2006 – 15 –
Figure 2 shows the typical waveform of the motor line-to-line voltage for operation with a
voltage source converter with pulse width modulation (PWM converter).

u
LL
240° 300° 360°
60° 120° 180°
ωt
IEC  785/06

Figure 2 – Waveform of line-to-line voltage u for voltage source
LL
converter supply with switching frequency f = 30 × f (example)
s 1
In the case of voltage source converters a variety of modulation types is in use. Hence it is not
possible to make global statements on the effects of the harmonics. For definite statements,
the harmonic content of the converter output voltage must be known and its consequences on
the motor shall be studied.
Converters using carrier modulation, together with synchronised and asynchronous pulse
patterns, as applied in many cases, produce the frequencies:
f = k × f ± k × f
s s 1 1
where k = 1, 2, 3,. and k = 1, 2, 4, 5, 7. are multiplying factors of the switching frequency
s 1
f and of the operating frequency f , respectively. The formula is valid also in the case of
s 1
converters with space-phasor modulation.
Converters with carrierless modulation, where no pre-determined switching frequency is
existent, are also in practical use. In this case, the frequency spectrum of the output voltage is
characterised by broadband random noise without spikes at specific frequencies.
With pulse controlled converters, the content of harmonics with low frequencies can be kept
low, while the dominant harmonics (which are near the switching frequency) will occur at
relatively large frequency values, not having much effect due to the motor winding inductances.
In 7.2.1 of IEC 60034-1 the permissible harmonic content of the supply voltage of cage
induction motors is expressed by one single numerical value called the harmonic voltage factor
(HVF). However, this factor is not applicable for converter power supplies.

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
TS 60034-17  IEC:2006 – 17 –
5 Losses caused by harmonics
Harmonics of voltage and current in a cage induction motor supplied from a converter cause
additional iron and winding losses in the stator and the rotor.
In the case of motors supplied by voltage source converters, the additional iron losses cannot
be neglected. They depend on the amplitudes of the phase voltage harmonics, but they are
nearly independent on its frequency.
The harmonic currents, which are responsible for the winding losses, are limited by the leakage
reactances. Although the harmonic currents are small, the winding losses cannot be ignored
because of the current displacement (skin effect) due to the high frequencies. This statement
applies to both form-wound and random-wound windings. Rotors with pronounced current
displacement (skin effect) are especially sensitive to these losses.
It is verified by many tests, that the total value of the additional losses caused by harmonics
does not depend on load; they decrease with increasing switching frequency (see Figure 3).
This effect is caused by the small additional winding losses at high switching frequencies.


P
h
P
f1
0,4
0,3
0,2
1
2
0,1
3
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
f  kHz
s
IEC  786/06

1 = Total harmonic losses
2 = Harmonic winding losses
3 = Harmonic iron losses
Figure 3 – Example for the dependence of the motor losses caused by harmonics P
h,
related to the losses P at operating frequency f , on the switching
f1 1
frequency f in case of voltage source converter supply
s

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
TS 60034-17  IEC:2006 – 19 –
In the case of motors supplied by current-source converters, the additional iron losses are
nearly negligible with the exception of the so-called commutation losses. The fast change of
the leakage fluxes during the commutation interval generates eddy currents in the teeth of
stator and rotor. There are no commutation losses in the case of operation from voltage source
converters because the commutation currents do not flow through the motor windings.
The additional rotor winding losses play an important role due to the relative high amplitudes of
the harmonic currents of low frequency.
There is no simple method to calculate the additional losses, and no general statement can be
made about their value. Their dependence upon the different physical quantities is very
complex. Also, there is a great variety both of converters (e.g. current and voltage source
converters with different switching frequencies and pulse patterns) and of motors (e.g. kind of
winding, slot geometry, specific iron loss). The quality of core manufacture is also an important
feature.
The columns in Figure 4 show, as an example, the calculated loss composition of a specific
motor (frame size 315 M; design N) when supplied both from different converters with different
harmonic content and from a sinusoidal supply. The example illustrates the relative importance
of the different types of losses for the converter systems most widely used today. The
comparison cannot be transferred to other converter-fed cage induction motors and other types
of converters (with different modulation schemes and pulse frequencies). To facilitate
comparison in Figure 4, the fundamental voltages and currents during converter operation are
assumed to be the same as under rated conditions.
According to Figure 4, the harmonic losses are higher for supply by current source converters
than by voltage source converters. The difference diminishes at partial load, because the
harmonic losses are constant for voltage source converter supply, but the harmonic losses
increase with load for current source converter supply.

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
TS 60034-17  IEC:2006 – 21 –

J - 10 %
I - 1 % I - 0,5 %
H – 7,5 %
H - 1 %
G - 10 % G – 4,5 %
F - 3 %
F - 2,5 %
E - 6 % E - 6 % E - 6 %
D - 2 % D - 2 % D - 2 %
C - 25 % C - 25 %
C - 25 %
B - 26 %
B - 26 %
B - 26 %
A - 41 % A - 41 %
A - 41 %
1 2 3
≈
4
100 % 125 % 115 %
5
6
95,3 % 94,2 % 94,6 %
IEC  787/06


Losses caused by fundamental frequency Losses caused by harmonics
E – Frictional losses J – Commutation losses
D – Additional load losses I – Additional load losses
C – Iron losses H – Iron losses
B – Rotor winding losses G – Rotor winding losses
A – Stator winding losses F – Stator winding losses

1 = Sinusoidal voltage 2 = Current source converter
3 = Voltage source converter with carrier modulation 4 = Time dependence of the impressed quantity
(switching frequency ≈ 3 kHz)
5 = Losses 6 = Efficiency
Figure 4 – Influence of converter supply on the losses
of a cage induction motor (frame size 315 M, design N)
with rated values of torque and speed

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 60034-17:2006
TS 60034-17  IEC:2006 – 23 –
6 Torque derating during converter operation
When the motor is supplied from a converter at the motor rated frequency, the available torque
is usually less than the rated torque on a sinusoidal voltage supply due to increased
temperature rise (harmonic losses). An additional reason for the reduction may be the voltage
drop of the converter. Maintaining of the rated torque may reduce insulation service-life.
The full-line curve in Figure 5 refers to a converter producing approximately the same
fundamental motor flux as at sinusoidal supply. The motor manufacturer can determine the
temperature rise for this operating point if the harmonic spectrum of the converter is
known. The temperature rise depends on the individual motor design and the type of
cooling (e.g. IC 01 or IC 0141). When determining the derating factor, the thermal reserve
of the particular motor is important. Taking all these
...