SIST EN 1564:2012

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 1564:2009
01-september-2009
Livarstvo - Bainitno poboljšana duktilna litina
Founding - Ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron
Gießereiwesen - Ausferritisches Gusseisen mit Kugelgraphit
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 1564
ICS:
77.140.80 Železni in jekleni ulitki Iron and steel castings
oSIST prEN 1564:2009 en,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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oSIST prEN 1564:2009

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oSIST prEN 1564:2009
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 1564
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2009
ICS 77.080.10 Will supersede EN 1564:1997
English Version
Founding - Ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron
Gießereiwesen - Ausferritisches Gusseisen mit
Kugelgraphit
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 190.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 1564:2009: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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oSIST prEN 1564:2009
prEN 1564:2009 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
Introduction .4
1 Scope .5
2 Normative references .5
3 Terms and definitions .5
4 Designation .6
5 Order information .6
6 Manufacture .7
7 Requirements .7
8 Sampling .9
9 Test methods . 14
10 Retests . 16
11 Inspection documentation . 17
Annex A (normative) Abrasion resistant grades of ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron . 18
Annex B (informative) Comparison of ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron material
designations according to EN 1560 and ISO/TR 15931 [5] [6] . 20
Annex C (informative) Guidance values for tensile strength and elongation for test pieces
machined from samples cut from a casting . 21
Annex D (informative) Guidance values for Brinell hardness . 22
Annex E (informative) Procedure for the determination of the hardness range . 23
Annex F (informative) Graphite structure (Nodularity) . 24
Annex G (normative) Sectioning procedure for cast samples . 25
Annex H (informative) Un-notched impact test . 26
Annex I (informative) Additional information on mechanical and physical properties . 28
Annex J (informative) Machinability of ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons . 30
Annex K (informative) Significant technical changes between this European standard and the
previous edition . 32
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC . 33
Bibliography . 34

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oSIST prEN 1564:2009
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Foreword
This document (prEN 1564:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 190 “Foundry
technology”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 1564:1997.
This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the
European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s).
For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document.
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Introduction
Ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron is a cast alloy, iron, carbon and silicon based, the carbon being
present mainly in the form of spheroidal graphite particles, of form VI as shown in EN - ISO 945 Part 1.
NOTE Ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron is also known as austempered ductile iron (ADI).
Compared with the spheroidal graphite cast iron grades, see EN 1563 [1], this material combines higher
strength and toughness properties as a result of the austempering heat treatment.
This European Standard deals with the classification of ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons in accordance
with the mechanical properties of the material.
The mechanical properties of these ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast irons depend on their structure, e.g.
the form of the graphite and the structure of the matrix.
The required structure is developed by selecting the appropriate composition and subsequent processing.
The mechanical properties of the material can be evaluated on machined test pieces prepared from cast
samples or samples cut from a casting.
Five grades of ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron are defined by the mechanical properties measured on
machined test pieces prepared from cast samples. When, for these grades, hardness is a requirement of the
purchaser as being important for the application, Annex C provides guidance values for hardness.
Two grades of ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron are defined in Annex A in accordance with their
hardness. These cast irons are used in applications (e.g. mining, earth moving and manufacturing industries)
where high abrasion resistance is required.
Ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron can be used for pressure equipment. Annex ZA gives information
relating to the conformance of ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron to the Pressure Equipment Directive
97/23/EC.
The suitable material grades for pressure applications and the conditions for their use are given in specific
product or application standards. For the design of pressure equipment, specific design rules apply.
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1 Scope
This European Standard defines the grades and the corresponding requirements for ausferritic spheroidal
graphite cast irons.
This European Standard specifies five grades of ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron by a classification
based on mechanical properties measured on machined test pieces prepared from cast samples.
This European Standard also specifies two grades by a classification as a function of hardness.
This standard does not cover technical delivery conditions for iron castings, see EN 1559-1 [2] and EN 1559-3
[3].
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications.
These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed
hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to
this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN 10002-1, Metallic materials — Tensile testing — Part 1: Method of test at ambient temperature.
EN 10045-1, Metallic materials — Charpy impact test — Part 1: Test method.
EN 10204, Metallic products — Types of inspection documents.
EN ISO 945-1, Designation of microstructure of cast irons — Part 1 : Graphite classification by visual analysis.
EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials — Brinell hardness test — Part 1:Test method.
NOTE Informative references to documents used in the preparation of this European standard, and cited within
square brackets at appropriate places in the text, are listed in the Bibliography.
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron
Iron based cast material with the carbon being present mainly in the form of spheroidal graphite particles,
subjected to an austemper heat treatment in order to produce an ausferritic matrix
3.2
graphite spheroidising treatment
operation that brings the liquid iron into contact with a substance to produce graphite in the predominantly
spheroidal (nodular) form during solidification
3.3
austemper heat treatment of spheroidal graphite cast iron
process, consisting of heating the castings above the A temperature and holding a sufficient time to increase
C1
the carbon content of the austenite, followed by cooling at a rate sufficient to avoid the formation of pearlite
and transforming the matrix structure for a time and a temperature (above the martensite start temperature)
sufficient to produce the desired properties
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This process produces a microstructure that consists predominantly of ferrite and austenite. This
microstructure is called ausferrite.
3.4
cast sample
quantity of material cast to represent the cast material, including separately cast sample, side by side cast
sample and cast-on sample
3.5
separately cast sample
sample cast in a separate sand mould under representative manufacturing conditions and material grade
3.6
side-by-side cast sample
sample cast in the mould alongside the casting, with a joint running system
3.7
cast-on sample
sample attached directly to the casting
3.8
relevant wall thickness
section of the casting, agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser, to which the determined
mechanical properties apply.
NOTE Relevant wall thickness may be associated to a range of casting sections and/or to a sample type and size
according to Table 3. The association is made considering the cooling conditions during solidification and heat treatment.
4 Designation
The material shall be designated either by symbol or by number as given in Tables 1, 2 or A1.
NOTE The comparison of EN 1564 grade designations with the grades from the current ISO standard for ausferritic
spheroidal graphite cast iron, ISO 17804 [4], is given in Annex B.
5 Order information
The following information shall be supplied by the purchaser:
a) number of this European Standard (EN 1564)
b) designation of the material;
NOTE The material grade is derived from the relevant wall thickness and the required mechanical properties.
c) relevant wall thickness
In the absence of information on the relevant wall thickness the manufacturer shall communicate the relevant
wall thickness that he proposes to the purchaser.
d) any special requirements
All requirements shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of
the order e.g. technical delivery conditions according to EN 1559-1 and EN 1559-3.
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6 Manufacture
The method of producing ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron, its chemical composition and heat treatment
shall be left to the discretion of the manufacturer, who shall ensure that the casting process and heat
treatment process are carried out with the same process parameters as the approved first samples.
7 Requirements
7.1 General
The property values apply to ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron cast in sand moulds or moulds of
comparable thermal behaviour. Subject to amendments to be agreed upon in the order, they can apply to
castings obtained by alternative methods.
The material designation is based on the minimum mechanical properties obtained in cast samples with a
thickness or diameter of 25 mm.
Mechanical properties are wall thickness dependant as shown in Table 1.
NOTE Mechanical properties for test pieces cut from a casting are affected not only by material properties (subject of
this standard) but also by the local casting soundness (not subject of this standard). Tensile testing requires sound test
bars in order to guarantee pure uni-axial stress during the test.
7.2 Test pieces machined from cast samples
7.2.1 General
The mechanical properties of ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron shall be as specified in Table 1, and, if
applicable, in accordance with the requirements given in 7.2.2.
7.2.2 Impact test
The impact energy values given in Table 2 at room temperature, if applicable, shall only be determined if
specified by the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order.
7.3 Test pieces machined from samples cut from a casting
If applicable, the manufacturer and the purchaser shall agree on:
 the location(s) on a casting where the sample(s) shall be taken;
 the mechanical properties that shall be measured;
 the minimum values, or allowable range of values, for these mechanical properties (for information, see
Annex C).
NOTE The properties of castings are not uniform, depending on the complexity of the castings and variation in their
section thickness.
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Table 1 — Mechanical properties measured on test pieces machined from cast samples
Relevant wall 0,2 % proof Tensile strength Elongation
thickness strength
R A
m
Material designation
t R
p0,2
MPa MPa %
Symbol Number mm min min min
t ≤ 30 800 10
EN-GJS-800-10 5.3400
30 < t ≤ 60 500 750 6
EN-GJS-800-10-RT 5.3401
60 < t ≤ 100 720 5
t ≤ 30 900 8
5.3402
EN-GJS-900-8 30 < t ≤ 60 600 850 5
60 < t ≤ 100 820 4
t ≤ 30 1050 6
EN-GJS-1050-6 5.3403 30 < t ≤ 60 700 1000 4
60 < t ≤ 100 970 3
t ≤ 30 1200 3
EN-GJS-1200-3 5.3404 30 < t ≤ 60 850 1170 2
60 < t ≤ 100 1140 1
t ≤ 30 1400 1
EN-GJS-1400-1 5.3405 30 < t ≤ 60 1100
To be agreed between the manufacturer
and the purchaser
60 < t ≤ 100
2
NOTE 1 1 MPa = 1 N/mm
NOTE 2 For relevant wall thicknesses more than 100 mm, the manufacturer and the purchaser shall agree on the type
and size of the cast sample and the minimum values to be obtained.
NOTE 3 The relevant wall thickness does not affect the minimum 0,2% proof strength provided the heat treatment
parameters and alloying are adjusted as a function of the relevant wall thickness
Table 2 — Minimum impact energy values measured on V-notched test pieces machines from cast
samples [3]
Relevant wall
Minimum impact energy value at room
Material designation thickness of the
temperature (23 ±±±± 5 ºC)
casting
t Mean value of 3 tests Individual value
Symbol Number
m J J
t ≤ 30
10 9
EN-GJS-800-10-RT 5.3401 30 < t ≤ 60 9 8
60 < t ≤100 8 7
7.4 Hardness
Brinell hardness and its range values for the grades listed in Table 1 shall only be specified when agreed
between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order.
Information regarding hardness is given in Annex D and Annex E.
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7.5 Graphite structure
The graphite structure shall be mainly of form V and Vl in accordance with EN ISO 945 Part 1. A more
precise definition may be agreed upon by the time of acceptance of the order.
Note Annex F gives more information on graphite structure.
7.6 Matrix structure
The matrix structure of the various grades of ausferritic spheroidal graphite cast iron consists predominantly of
ferrite and austenite – otherwise known as ausferrite. Other matrix constituents, (e.g. martensite, bainite,
carbides) shall be minimised and may be present at a level that will not affect the required mechanical
properties of the grades given in Table 1 and 2, but can be beneficial in the abrasion resistant grades as given
in Annex A.
The cooling rate within some sections may not be sufficient to avoid the formation of pearlite or other high
temperature transformation products. In such cases, the maximum acceptable quantities of these micro
constituents, the locations within the casting, and the mechanical properties in these locations may be agreed
upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
8 Sampling
8.1 General
Samples shall be made from the same material as that used to produce the casting(s) which they represent.
Several types of samples (separately cast samples, cast-on samples, side-by-side cast samples, samples cut
from a casting) can be used, depending on the mass and wall thickness of the casting.
When the mass of the casting exceeds 2000 kg and its relevant wall thickness exceeds 100 mm, cast-on
samples or side-by-side samples should preferably be used; the dimensions and the location of the sample
shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time of acceptance of the order.
NOTE If the spheroidizing treatment is carried out in the mould (in-mould process), the separately cast sample
should be avoided.
All samples shall be adequately marked to guarantee full traceability to the castings which they represent.
The samples shall be given the same heat treatment as the castings which they represent.
Tensile and impact test pieces shall be finally machined from the samples after the heat treatment.
8.2 Cast samples
8.2.1 Size of cast samples
The size of the sample shall be in correspondence with the relevant wall thickness of the casting as shown in
Table 3.
If other sizes are used, this shall be agreed between the manufacturer and purchaser.
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Table 3 — Types and size of cast sample and size of tensile test pieces in relation to relevant wall
thickness of the casting
Type of sample
Relevant wall Preferred diameter of
a
thickness Option 1 Option 2 Option 3 tensile test piece
Cast-on
t U-shaped Y-shaped Round bar D
mm
mm
(See Figure 1) (See Figure 2) (See Figure 3) (See Figure 4)
t ≤ 12,5 — I b, c A 7 (Option 3: 14 mm)
12,5 < t ≤ 30 — II a, b, c, B 14
b
30 < t ≤ 60 III — C 14
60 < t ≤ 100 — IV — D 14
a
Other diameters, in accordance with Figure 5, may be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
b
The cooling rate of this cast sample corresponds to that of a 40 mm thick wall
8.2.2 Frequency and number of tests
Samples representative of the material shall be produced at a frequency in accordance with the in-process
quality assurance procedures adopted by the manufacturer.
In the absence of an in-process quality assurance procedure or any other agreement between the
manufacturer and the purchaser, a minimum of one cast sample for the tensile test shall be produced to
confirm the material grade, at a frequency to be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
When impact tests are required, samples shall be produced at a frequency to be agreed between the
manufacturer and the purchaser.
8.2.3 Separately cast samples
The samples shall be cast separately in sand moulds and under representative manufacturing conditions and
material grade.
The moulds used to cast the separately cast samples shall have comparable thermal behaviour to the
moulding material used to cast the castings.
The samples shall meet the requirements of either Figures 1, 2 or 3.
The samples shall be removed from the mould at a temperature similar to that of the castings.
8.2.4 Side-by-side cast samples
Side-by-side cast samples are representative of the castings concurrently cast and also of all other castings of
a similar relevant wall thickness from the same test unit, or produced at the same time interval in accordance
with the in process quality assurance procedure used by the manufacturer.
For a series of castings poured from the same ladle, one side-by-side cast sample shall be produced, at a
minimum, in the last mould poured.
The samples shall meet the requirements of either Figures 1, 2, 3,
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8.2.5 Cast-on samples
Cast-on samples are representative of the castings to which they are attached and also of all other castings
of a similar relevant wall thickness from the same test unit, or produced at the same time interval in
accordance with the in process quality assurance procedure used by the manufacturer.
For a series of castings poured from the same ladle, one cast-on sample shall be produced, at a minimum, in
the last mould poured.
The sample shall have a general shape as indicated in Figure 4 and the dimensions shown therein.
The location of the cast-on sample shall be agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser by the time
of acceptance of the order, taking into account the shape of the casting and the running system, in order to
avoid any unfavourable effect on the properties of the adjacent material.
8.2.6 Test pieces machined from cast samples
The tensile test piece shown in Figure 5 and, if applicable, the impact test piece shown in Figure 6 shall be
machined from a sample shown in the hatched part of Figures 1 and 2, and in Figure 3 or 4.
The sectioning procedure for cast samples shall be in accordance with Annex G.
Unless otherwise agreed, the preferred diameter for the test piece shall be used.
8.3 Samples cut from a casting
In addition to the requirements of the material, the manufacturer and the purchaser may agree on the
properties required (for information, see Annex C) at stated locations in the casting. These properties shall be
determined by testing test pieces machined from samples cut from the casting at these stated locations.
The manufacturer and the purchaser shall agree on the dimensions of these test pieces.
In the absence of any directions by the purchaser, the manufacturer may choose the locations from which to
cut the samples and the dimensions of the test pieces.
Dimensions in millimetres

a for information only
b The length z shall be closen to allow a test piece of dimensions shown in Figure 5 to be machined from
the sample.
c The minimum thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be 40 mm.
Figure 1 — Separately cast and side-by-side cast sample — Option 1: U-shaped sample
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Dimensions in millimetres

Dimensions in millimetres
Type
Dimension
I II III lV
12,5 25 50 75
u
40 55 100 125
v
25 40 50 65
x
a
135 140 150 175
y
b
A function of the test piece length
z
a for information only
b z shall be chosen to allow a test piece of dimensions shown in Figure 5 to
be machined from the sample

The thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be:
 40 mm minimum for types I and II;
 80 mm minimum for type III and lV.
NOTE For the manufacture of thin-walled castings or castings in metal moulds, the tensile properties may, by
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser, be determined on test pieces taken from samples of thickness u
less than 12,5 mm.
Figure 2 — Separately cast and side-by-side cast samples — Option 2 : Y-shaped sample
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a) Type a


b) Type b


c) Type c
The minimum thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be 40 mm.
Dimensions in millimetres
Type A B D H H L L L W
b f n t
a 4,5 5,5 25 50 — L + 20 L – 50 100
t t
b 4,5 5,5 25 50 — L + 20 L – 50 a 50
t t
c 4,0 5,0 25 35 15 L + 20 L – 50 50
t t
a
L shall be chosen to allow a test piece of dimensions shown in Figure 5 to be machined from the sample.
t
Figure 3 — Separately cast and side-by-side cast samples — Option 3 : Round bar-shaped sample
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Key
1 Casting

The minimum thickness of the sand mould surrounding the samples shall be 40 mm.
Dimensions in millimetres
Relevant wall thickness of a b c h L
t
Type castings
max min
T
a
A t ≤ 12,5 15 11 7,5 20 to 30
a
12,5 < t < 30
B 25 19 12,5 30 to 40
a
C 30 < t ≤ 60 40 30 20 40 to 65
a
D 60 < t < 100 70 52,5 35 65 to 105
a
L shall be chosen to allow a test piece of a dimension shown in Figure 5 to be machined from the sample.
t
NOTE If smaller dimensions are agreed, the followings relationships apply:
b = 0,75 × a
c = 0,5 × a
Figure 4 — Cast-on samples
9 Test methods
9.1 Tensile test
The tensile test shall be carried out in accordance with EN 10002 Part 1. The preferred test piece diameter is
14 mm but, either for technical reasons or for test pieces machined from samples cut from the casting, it is
permitted to use a test piece of different diameter (see Figure 5). For either of these exceptions the original
gauge length of the test piece shall conform to the formula:
L = 5,65 x S = 5 x d
0 0
where
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L is the original gauge length;
0
S is the original cross-section area of the test piece;
0
d is the diameter of the test piece along the gauge length.
If the above formula for L is not applicable, then an agreement shall be made between the manufacturer and
0
the purchaser on the dimensions of the test piece to be made.

Dimensions in millimetres
L
c
d L
0
min
5 25 30
7 35 42
10 50 60
a
70 84
14
20 100 120
a
Preferred dimension
where
L is the original gauge length, i.e. L = 5 d;
0 0
d is the diameter of the test piece along the gauge length;
L is the parallel length; L > L (in principle, L – L > d);
c c 0 c 0
L is the total length of the test piece, which depends on L .
t c
NOTE The method of gripping the ends of the test piece, together with their length l , may be agreed between the
t
manufacturer and the purchaser.
Figure 5 — Tensile test piece
9.2 Impact test
The impact test shall be carried out on three Charpy V-notched impact test pieces (see Figure 6) in
accordance with EN 10045-1 using test equipment with an appropriate energy to determine the properties
correctly.
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Figure 6 — Charpy V-notched impact test piece
9.3 Hardness test
The hardness shall be determined as Brinel
...