SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012
01-marec-2012
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1HNRYLQVNLPDWHULDOLYVWLNX]PHGLMLYSRYH]DYLVSURL]YRGQMRQDIWHLQSOLQDGHO
(ODVWRPHUL,62
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Non-metallic materials in contact
with media related to oil and gas production - Part 2: Elastomers (ISO 23936-2:2011)
Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie - Nichtmetallische Werkstoffe mit
Medienkontakt bei der Öl- und Gasproduktion - Teil 2: Elastomere (ISO 23936-2:2011)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Matériaux non métalliques en
contact avec les fluides relatifs à la production de pétrole et de gaz - Partie 2:
Élastomères (ISO 23936-2:2011)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 23936-2:2011
ICS:
75.180.01 Oprema za industrijo nafte in Equipment for petroleum and
zemeljskega plina na splošno natural gas industries in
general
SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012 en,fr
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012

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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012


EUROPEAN STANDARD
EN ISO 23936-2

NORME EUROPÉENNE

EUROPÄISCHE NORM
December 2011
ICS 75.180.01
English Version
Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries - Non-
metallic materials in contact with media related to oil and gas
production - Part 2: Elastomers (ISO 23936-2:2011)
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel - Erdöl-, petrochemische und Erdgasindustrie -
Matériaux non métalliques en contact avec les fluides Nichtmetallische Werkstoffe mit Medienkontakt bei der Öl-
relatifs à la production de pétrole et de gaz - Partie 2: und Gasproduktion - Teil 2: Elastomere (ISO 23936-
Élastomères (ISO 23936-2:2011) 2:2011)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 December 2011.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation
under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same
status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland,
Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 23936-2:2011: E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012
EN ISO 23936-2:2011 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .3
2

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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012
EN ISO 23936-2:2011 (E)
Foreword
This document (EN ISO 23936-2:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67 "Materials,
equipment and offshore structures for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries" in collaboration
with Technical Committee CEN/TC 12 “Materials, equipment and offshore structures for petroleum,
petrochemical and natural gas industries” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical
text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
the latest by June 2012.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech
Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 23936-2:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 23936-2:2011 without any
modification.
3

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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012

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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012

INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 23936-2
First edition
2011-12-15


Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas
industries — Non-metallic materials in
contact with media related to oil and gas
production —
Part 2:
Elastomers
Industries du pétrole, de la pétrochimie et du gaz naturel — Matériaux
non métalliques en contact avec les fluides relatifs à la production de
pétrole et de gaz —
Partie 2: Élastomères





Reference number
ISO 23936-2:2011(E)
©
ISO 2011

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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012
ISO 23936-2:2011(E)

COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT


©  ISO 2011
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or
ISO's member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56  CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland

ii © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012
ISO 23936-2:2011(E)
Contents Page
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1  Scope . 1
2  Normative references . 1
3  Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms . 2
3.1  Terms and definitions . 2
3.2  Abbreviated terms . 4
4  Technical requirements . 4
5  Documentation requirements . 5
6  Requirements for manufacturers . 6
6.1  General requirements . 6
6.2  Validation of compliance . 7
7  Qualification of elastomer materials (ageing and RGD) . 8
7.1  General . 8
7.2  Requirements for ageing tests . 8
7.3  Requirements for rapid gas decompression testing . 9
8  Qualification of elastomeric materials in bonded flexible hose . 9
8.1  General . 9
8.2  Qualification of bonded flexible hose liner material . 10
8.3  Qualification of bonded flexible hose – Layers outside the liner . 14
9  Qualification of elastomeric materials in other large components . 15
9.1  General . 15
9.2  Qualification of elastomeric materials in flexible joints . 15
9.3  Qualification of elastomeric materials in blow-out preventers . 15
9.4  Qualification of elastomeric materials for packers . 16
Annex A (normative) Test media, conditions, equipment and procedures for ageing of
elastomeric materials . 17
Annex B (normative) Test media, conditions, equipment and procedures for rapid gas
decompression testing of elastomeric materials . 26
Annex C (informative) Most commonly used elastomeric materials . 40
Annex D (normative) Procedure for estimation of material service life using the Arrhenius
relationship . 42
Annex E (informative) Physical and chemical ageing . 47
Annex F (informative) Rapid gas decompression (RGD) . 62
Bibliography . 66

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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012
ISO 23936-2:2011(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO
technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 23936-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 67, Materials, equipment and offshore structures
for petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries.
ISO 23936 consists of the following parts, under the general title Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas
industries — Non-metallic materials in contact with media related to oil and gas production:
 Part 1: Thermoplastics
 Part 2: Elastomers
The following parts are planned:
 Part 3: Thermosets
 Part 4: Fibre-reinforced composite
 Part 5: Other non-metallic materials

iv © ISO 2011 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012
ISO 23936-2:2011(E)
Introduction
ISO 23936 is intended to be of benefit to a broad industry group, ranging from operators and suppliers to
engineering companies and authorities. ISO 23936 covers relevant generic types of non-metallic material
(thermoplastics, elastomers, thermosetting plastics, fibre-reinforced plastics, etc.) and draws upon a wide
range of existing technical experience, which has never before been summarized in a technical standard.
ISO 23936 does not cover polymeric coatings such as thermal insulation and paint that are applied to the
outside of components but that are not in contact with oilfield fluids.
The evaluation and qualification process described in this part of ISO 23936 is intended to ensure that the
user of non-metallic materials has sufficient understanding and knowledge of the applicable materials to
obtain acceptable performance in the specified environment, and that the user can rely on stable quality to
meet given specifications. A quality system is useful to ensure compliance with the requirements of this part of
ISO 23936.
Successful qualification of a manufacturer and a specific material is intended to be valid for other projects and
different operators. The consideration of qualification of a manufacturer is at the discretion and determination
of the purchaser, normally on the basis of documentation provided by the manufacturer, as required in this
part of ISO 23936 or any specific additional documentation.
The purchaser is responsible for ensuring (if necessary, with external competence) that the manufacturers
selected are qualified.
This part of ISO 23936 is based on NORSOK standard M-710.
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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012

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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 23936-2:2011(E)

Petroleum, petrochemical and natural gas industries — Non-
metallic materials in contact with media related to oil and gas
production —
Part 2:
Elastomers
1 Scope
ISO 23936 describes general principles and gives requirements and recommendations for the selection and
qualification of non-metallic materials for service in equipment used in oil and gas production environments,
where the failure of such equipment could pose a risk to the health and safety of the public and personnel, or
to the environment. It can be applied to help avoid failures of the equipment itself. It supplements, but does
not replace, the material requirements given in the appropriate design codes, standards or regulations.
This part of ISO 23936 describes the requirements and procedures for qualification of elastomeric material
used in equipment for oil and gas production.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 34-1:2010, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of tear strength — Part 1: Trouser,
angle and crescent test pieces
ISO 37, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of tensile stress-strain properties
ISO 48, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of hardness (hardness between 10 IRHD and
100 IRHD)
ISO 815-1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of compression set — Part 1: At ambient or
elevated temperatures
ISO 2781, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of density
ISO 2921, Rubber, vulcanized — Determination of low-temperature retraction (TR test)
ISO 3601-3:2005, Fluid power systems — O-rings — Part 3: Quality acceptance criteria
ISO 7619-1, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic — Determination of indentation hardness — Part 1:
Durometer method (Shore hardness)
ISO 13628-10:2005, Petroleum and natural gas industries — Design and operation of subsea production
systems — Part 10: Specification for bonded flexible pipe
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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012
ISO 23936-2:2011(E)
ASTM D297, Standard Test Methods for Rubber Products — Chemical Analysis
ASTM D395, Standard Test Methods for Rubber Property — Compression Set
ASTM D412, Standard Test Methods for Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic Elastomers — Tension
ASTM D624, Standard Test Method for Tear Strength of Conventional Vulcanized Rubber and Thermoplastic
Elastomers
ASTM D1414, Standard Test Methods for Rubber O-Rings
ASTM D1415, Standard Test Method for Rubber Property — International Hardness
ASTM D2240, Standard Test Method for Rubber Property — Durometer Hardness
API 17K, Specification for Bonded Flexible Pipe
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
For the purposes of this document, the following terms, definitions and abbreviated terms apply.
3.1 Terms and definitions
3.1.1
accelerated test
test undertaken under conditions designed to speed material deterioration
NOTE This is usually accomplished by increasing temperature, in order to raise chemical reaction rates, but fluid
concentration and stress are variables which can also be manipulated.
3.1.2
asset operator
person who operates an asset, who has knowledge of well parameters and who transmits this information to
the user (3.1.15)
NOTE 1 An asset can be a well, a production train, a plant, etc.
NOTE 2 Well parameters can be fluid exposure, temperatures, pressures, duration, etc.
3.1.3
compression set
difference between the original sample height and the post-test height, divided by the interference, expressed
as a percentage
3.1.4
elastomer
rubber
amorphous material mechanically mixed with other constituents to form a rubber compound, which is then
shaped by flow into articles by means of the manufacturing processes of moulding or extrusion, and then
(invariably) chemically cured at elevated temperature to form an elastic insoluble material
3.1.5
fluid
medium such as a gas, liquid, supercritical gas, or a mixture of these
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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012
ISO 23936-2:2011(E)
3.1.6
interference
difference between the original sample height and the height of spacer bar, each measured in the same
direction as the direction of compression
3.1.7
compound manufacturer
manufacturer
producer of the elastomer material or of semi-finished products made from elastomer materials
3.1.8
modulus
tensile stress at a given elongation
NOTE In the rubber industry, the modulus at 50 % elongation is often chosen.
3.1.9
polymer
high molecular weight molecule, natural or synthetic, whose chemical structure can be represented by
repeated small units which collectively form molecular chains
NOTE This material class has three main sub-groups: elastomers, thermoplastics and thermosets.
3.1.10
rapid gas decompression
RGD
depressurization
explosive decompression
rapid pressure-drop in a high pressure gas-containing system which disrupts the equilibrium between external
gas pressure and the concentration of gas dissolved inside any polymer, with the result that excess gas tries
to escape from the solution at points throughout the material, causing expansion
NOTE If large enough, and if the pressure-drop rate is faster than the natural gas diffusion rate, blistering or rupturing
can occur.
3.1.11
room temperature
temperature of (23  2) °C
3.1.12
seal cross-section
cross-section diameter
CSD
free height of a seal at room temperature, measured normal to seal diameter in the direction of compression in
the test
NOTE The measurement is taken at three circumferentially equidistributed positions.
3.1.13
seal type
seal design of specified geometry, size and orientation
EXAMPLE An O-ring.
3.1.14
thermoplastic
material capable of being repeatedly softened by heating and hardened by cooling through a temperature
range characteristic of the plastic and, in the softened state, of being repeatedly shaped by flow into articles
by moulding, extrusion or forming
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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012
ISO 23936-2:2011(E)
3.1.15
user
person responsible for the selection of suitable materials for a service operation based on information
received from the asset operator (3.1.2)
3.1.16
purchaser
party responsible for procuring the elastomer material or component
3.2 Abbreviated terms
BOP blow-out preventer
BRE base resistant elastomers
COC certificate of conformance
CSD cross-section diameter
DMA dynamic mechanical analysis
DMTA dynamic mechanical thermal analysis
DSC differential scanning calorimetry
GMPHOM Guide to Manufacturing and Purchasing Hoses for Offshore Moorings
HNBR hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber
HP high pressure
LNG liquefied natural gas
NBR nitrile butadiene rubber
OCIMF Oil Companies International Marine Forum
PBR polished bore receptacle
RGD rapid gas decompression (rapid gas depressurization)
SPS solubility parameter spectroscopy
TMA thermo mechanical analysis
4 Technical requirements
Technical requirements depend on material property characteristics and specific functional tests for an
application.
Elastomer selection shall be based on evaluation of compatibility with service environment, functionality under
service and the design lifetime. This part of ISO 23936 covers materials tests and not functional tests. The
following should be considered as appropriate to the component requirements and evaluated when selecting
the material:
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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012
ISO 23936-2:2011(E)
a) adequate physical and mechanical properties (density, hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break,
modulus of elasticity, compression set, tear strength, etc.); standard properties from which design
specifications are selected and for quality assurance and control aspects;
b) resistance against RGD events; a property of importance in high pressure gas sealing applications,
covered in depth in this part of ISO 23936;
c) long-term behaviour; resistance to chemical/physical change of the material; an important characteristic
regarding sealing generally in the oil and gas sector, covered in this part of ISO 23936;
d) low temperature flexibility; a property highly relevant to low temperature sealing applications;
e) for large components exposed to gaseous production fluid, high pressure gas permeation; a property
highly relevant to possible gas pressure build-up within the component structure, e.g. for hoses;
f) resistance to high pressure extrusion or creep (functional tests not covered by this part of ISO 23936);
g) resistance to thermal cycling and dynamic movement (functional tests not covered by this part of
ISO 23936).
Clause 2 gives references to relevant standards for elastomeric materials. The standards describe the test
methodology for performing particular materials tests. The test conditions and durations shall be as described
in this part of ISO 23936 and shall take precedence in those cases where this part of ISO 23936 deviates from
the referenced standards.
Long term (ageing) test objectives are described in Clause 7; procedural details are given in Annex A.
RGD test objectives and procedures for elastomer O-ring seals are described in Clause 7 and Annex B.
It is the responsibility of the asset operator to provide all necessary information about service conditions and
environment.
Information on elastomer characteristics is provided in Annex C.
5 Documentation requirements
NOTE The required documentation of material properties of thermoplastic materials is described in ISO 23936-1.
Required documentation of material properties is given in Table 1. Requirements pertaining both to
documentation of properties and quality control are given. Each elastomer material used shall be traceable to
the compound manufacturer and their quality control documentation as required in Table 1. Each batch of
material shall be supplied with, as a minimum, a certificate of conformance (COC) and traceability information.
Table 1 also defines the minimum amount of production and quality control testing required during
manufacturing of the elastomer materials. The final procedures, with respect to key parameters and
tolerances, shall be defined based on results from testing performed according to this part of ISO 23936.
The user shall define the necessary requirements with tolerances in the purchase specification.
Guidelines on selection of standards are given in parentheses. Characteristics, which are not relevant for
expected service conditions and/or material type, may be omitted.
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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012
ISO 23936-2:2011(E)
Table 1 — Required documentation for elastomer material properties
Properties Documentation Quality control tests
a c
Density (ISO 2781 or ASTM D297)
D B
Hardness (IRHD/Shore A) (ISO 48/ISO 7619-1, ASTM D2240/
D B
ASTM D1415)
Tensile and elongation properties (ISO 37, ASTM D1414, D B
ASTM D412)
Compression set (ISO 815-1, ASTM D395/ASTM D1414) D
Low temperature characteristics by DSC, DMA or TMA D
Tear strength (ISO 34-1:2010, Method A, ASTM D624) D
Temperature of retraction (ISO 2921) D
Ageing/RGD characteristics (Annexes A/B) D
b
High pressure gas permeation
DH
a
D: Properties to be documented for each supplier for each type of material. Nominal values with tolerances shall be
given (Data Sheet).
b
DH: As for D, but specifically when using all large components exposed to high pressure gas.
c
B: Properties to be documented on a batch-wise basis, minimum 5 samples per test per batch with all results presented.
The acceptance criteria shall be established prior to the test and based on qualification test results.

Material property tests may also be omitted if users have documented performance-based functional tests that
they use to approve rubber materials.
6 Requirements for manufacturers
6.1 General requirements
It is the requirement of the manufacturer to provide documents attesting that the material has been
manufactured and tested appropriately and that the material has met the relevant quality control requirements
in this part of ISO 23936.
The testing shall be performed on specimens produced from specific rubber formulations and, where possible,
production procedures. The COC should include as a minimum density, batch hardness, tensile properties
(moduli, strength, elongation at break), date of manufacture and (where referenced) the sample curing
process. The COC should be signed by a quality representative. For large rubber components, tests on small
components shall be suitable for the properties of the large component unless otherwise agreed between the
interested parties.
This part of ISO 23936 specifies the required types of tests that shall be performed in order to document the
material suitability and compatibility with test fluids specified in this part of ISO 23936 which are applicable to
the intended application.
The testing shall apply for the elastomer materials and the results shall be valid as long as the requirements
stated in 6.2 are satisfied. For later supplies of identical material from the same manufacturer, a quality control
of each batch of material shall be sufficient. Table 2 lists typical quality assurance and quality control
document templates showing imaginary data.
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SIST EN ISO 23936-2:2012
ISO 23936-2:2011(E)
Table 2 — Typical quality assurance and quality control information
Material
Manufacturer Acme Seals, Inc.
Compound grade FabFluoro
Elastomer type ASTM D1418-05 FKM Type 3
Lot/batch no. FF2344rw4r/07
Cure date Q4 2010
Typical Properties Applicable standard Unit Value
3
Densit
...