SIST EN ISO 29661:2018

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN ISO 29661:2018
01-februar-2018
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Reference radiation fields for radiation protection - Definitions and fundamental concepts
(ISO 29661:2012)
Champs de rayonnement de référence pour la radioprotection - Définitions et concepts
fondamentaux (ISO 29661:2012)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO 29661:2017
ICS:
13.280 Varstvo pred sevanjem Radiation protection
SIST EN ISO 29661:2018 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018

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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018


EN ISO 29661
EUROPEAN STANDARD

NORME EUROPÉENNE

October 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 13.280
English Version

Reference radiation fields for radiation protection -
Definitions and fundamental concepts (ISO 29661:2012,
including Amd 1:2015)
Champs de rayonnement de référence pour la
radioprotection - Définitions et concepts
fondamentaux (ISO 29661:2012, y compris Amd
1:2015)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 September 2017.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.

This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.





EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO 29661:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018
EN ISO 29661:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3

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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018
EN ISO 29661:2017 (E)
European foreword
The text of ISO 29661:2012, including Amd 1:2015 has been prepared by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 85 “Nuclear energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” of the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 29661:2017 by Technical
Committee CEN/TC 430 “Nuclear energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” the
secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be
withdrawn at the latest by April 2018.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO 29661:2012, including Amd 1:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 29661:2017
without any modification.

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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018

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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018
INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 29661
First edition
2012-09-01
Reference radiation fields for
radiation protection — Definitions and
fundamental concepts
Champs de rayonnement de référence pour la radioprotection —
Défintions et concepts fondamentaux
Reference number
ISO 29661:2012(E)
©
ISO 2012

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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018
ISO 29661:2012(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2012
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s
member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
Case postale 56 • CH-1211 Geneva 20
Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11
Fax + 41 22 749 09 47
E-mail copyright@iso.org
Web www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018
ISO 29661:2012(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
3.1 General . 1
3.2 Quantities and conversion coefficients . 9
4 Symbols .15
5 Application of the measurement quantities and units .17
5.1 Measurement quantities for area monitoring .17
5.2 Measurement quantities for individual monitoring .18
5.3 Establishing of the measurement quantities for area and individual monitoring .18
6 Calibration and determination of the response in reference radiation fields .18
6.1 General principles .18
6.2 Calibration in reference radiation fields .19
6.3 Determination of the response in reference radiation fields .21
6.4 Methods for the determination of the calibration coefficient .22
6.5 Special considerations for area dosemeters (area survey meters) .25
6.6 Special considerations for personal dosemeters .26
7 Uncertainty .29
8 Certificates .29
Annex A (normative) List of reference conditions and standard test conditions .30
Annex B (normative) Description of the calibration coefficient .31
Bibliography .33
© ISO 2012 – All rights reserved iii

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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018
ISO 29661:2012(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards
adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an
International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO 29661 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 85, Nuclear energy, nuclear technologies, and
radiological protection, Subcommittee SC 2, Radiological protection.
iv © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved

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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018
ISO 29661:2012(E)
Introduction
[1].[12]
International Standards ISO 4037, ISO 6980, ISO 8529 and ISO 12789 , with focus on photon, beta and
neutron reference radiation fields, are each divided into several parts: one part gives the methods of production
and characterization of reference radiation fields, and others describe the dosimetry of the reference radiation
qualities and the procedures for calibrating and determining the response of dosemeters and doserate meters
in terms of the operational quantities of the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements
[25] [26] [27] [28] [31]
(ICRU) .
The subject of these four International Standards is the same; they differ only in the kind of radiation each
addresses. Their terms and definitions, and most of the descriptions of methods and procedures given are
basically the same — whatever the radiation. Nevertheless, they do differ, more or less, from one to the other
in detail. This International Standard brings together terms and definitions and fundamental concepts common
to all of them. Thus, it serves to harmonize International Standards on radiation protection.
Besides definitions relating to calibration primary quantities, the operational quantities for area and individual
monitoring are specified. For area monitoring, the operational quantities are ambient dose equivalent, H*(10),
 
directional dose equivalents,H'(0,07,Ω) and H'(3,)Ω , and the appropriate dose rates. For individual monitoring
using personal dosemeters, the dose equivalent quantities, H (10), H (0,07) and H (3), and the respective dose
p p p
rates are available.
The method used to represent these operational quantities is the following. First, a basic (primary) quantity, such
as air kerma free-in-air, fluence or absorbed dose to soft tissue, is measured. Then the appropriate operational
quantity is derived by the application of the conversion coefficient that relates the basic (primary) quantity to
the selected operational quantity. The procedure for the calibration and the determination of the response of
radiation protection dosemeters is described in general terms. Depending on the type of dosemeter under test,
the position of the reference point is specified differently and the irradiation is either carried out on a phantom
(for personal dosemeters) or free in air (for area dosemeters or area survey meters).
With the publication of this International Standard, it is intended that ISO 4037, ISO 6980, ISO 8529 and
ISO 12789 be revised successively for further harmonization since, among other aspects, certain of their
definitions differ from those published here and the symbols chosen for this International Standard are more
consistent with ICRU reports and other International Standards used for radiation protection purposes.
© ISO 2012 – All rights reserved v

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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018

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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 29661:2012(E)
Reference radiation fields for radiation protection — Definitions
and fundamental concepts
1 Scope
This International Standard defines terms and fundamental concepts for the calibration of dosemeters and
equipment used for the radiation protection dosimetry of external radiation — in particular, for beta, neutron
and photon radiation. It defines the measurement quantities for radiation protection dosemeters and doserate
meters and gives recommendations for establishing these quantities. For individual monitoring, it covers whole
body and extremity dosemeters (including those for the skin and the eye lens), and for area monitoring, portable
and installed dosemeters. Guidelines are given for the calibration of dosemeters and doserate meters used for
individual and area monitoring in reference radiation fields. Recommendations are made for the position of the
reference point and the phantom to be used for personal dosemeters.
This International Standard also deals with the determination of the response as a function of radiation quality
and angle of radiation incidence.
It is intended to be used by calibration laboratories and manufacturers.
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document
(including any amendments) applies.
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3:2008, Uncertainty of measurement — Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in
measurement (GUM:1995)
ISO/IEC 17025:2005, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories.
Corrected by ISO/IEC 17025:2005/Cor 1:2006
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
NOTE These terms and definitions are relevant for the calibration of dosemeters and for the quantities and conversion
coefficients that are general to ISO 4037, ISO 6980, ISO 8529 and ISO 12789. Special terms and definitions can be found
in those International Standards.
3.1 General
3.1.1
angle of radiation incidence
α
angle, in the coordinate system of the dosemeter, between the direction of radiation incidence and the reference
direction of the dosemeter in unidirectional fields
3.1.2
area dosemeter
area survey meter
meter designed to measure the ambient dose equivalent (rate) or the directional dose equivalent (rate)
[SOURCE: IEV 394-22-08, modified.]
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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018
ISO 29661:2012(E)
3.1.3
background indication
indication obtained from a phenomenon, body or substance similar to the one under investigation, but for which
a quantity of interest is supposed not to be present, or is not contributing to the indication
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 4.2.]
3.1.4
calibration
operation that, under specified conditions, in a first step, establishes a relation between the quantity values
with measurement uncertainties provided by measurement standards and the corresponding indications with
associated measurement uncertainties and, in a second step, uses this information to establish a relation for
obtaining a measurement result from an indication
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.39.]
Note 1 to entry: A calibration may be expressed by a statement, calibration function, calibration diagram, calibration
curve, or calibration table. In some cases, it may consist of an additive or multiplicative correction of the indication with
associated measurement uncertainty.
Note 2 to entry: The measurement standard can be a primary standard, a secondary standard or a working
measurement standard.
Note 3 to entry: Often the first step alone in the above definition is perceived as being calibration.
3.1.5
calibration coefficient
N(U,α)
quotient of the conventional quantity value to be measured and the corrected indication of the dosemeter
normalized to reference conditions
Note 1 to entry: The calibration coefficient N(U,α) for the reference radiation quality U and the angle of incidence α is
equivalent to the calibration factor multiplied by the instrument coefficient (see Annex B). It is given by
H
o
N(,UUαα)(==Cc,)⋅ (1)
fi
G
corr
where
H is the conventional quantity value;
o
G is the corrected indication;
corr
C (U,α) is the calibration factor for the radiation quality U and the angle of incidence α; and
f
c is the instrument constant.
i
Concerning the dimension of the calibration factor and the calibration coefficient, see the Notes to 3.1.7 and 3.1.17.
Note 2 to entry: The reciprocal of the calibration coefficient is the response under reference conditions. The value of the
calibration factor may vary with the magnitude of the quantity to be measured. In such cases a dosemeter is said to have
a non-constant response (or a nonlinear indication).
Note 3 to entry: To distinguish between the indication of the standard and the dosemeter, subscripts ‘s’ and ‘d’ are used
and the respective coefficients are named N(U,α) and N(U,α) .
s d
[SOURCE: ICRU Report 76 modified.]
3.1.6
calibration conditions
conditions within the range of standard test conditions actually prevailing during the calibration measurement
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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018
ISO 29661:2012(E)
3.1.7
calibration factor
C (U,α)
f
factor by which the product of the corrected indication, G , and the associated instrument constant, c , of the
corr i
dosemeter is multiplied to obtain the conventional quantity value to be measured under reference conditions
Note to entry: The calibration factor is dimensionless.
[SOURCE: ICRU Report 76, modified.]
3.1.8
conventional quantity value
H
o
quantity value attributed by agreement to a quantity for a given purpose
Note to entry: The conventional quantity value H is the best estimate of the quantity to be measured, determined by a
o
primary standard or a secondary or working measurement standard which are traceable to a primary standard.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.39.]
3.1.9
correction factor
k
numerical value by which the indication is multiplied to compensate for the deviation of measurement conditions
from reference conditions or for a systematic effect (e.g. ion recombination)
Note to entry: If the correction of the effect of an influence quantity requires a multiplicative factor, the influence quantity
is of type F, see Note to entry 1 for 3.1.16.
3.1.10
correction factor for non-constant response
k
n
numerical value by which the indication is multiplied to compensate for the non-constant response (or non-linear
indication) of the dosemeter, i.e. for the variation of the calibration factor or calibration coefficient with the
variation of the magnitude of the quantity to be measured
Note to entry: For a dosemeter with constant response with respect to the selected measuring quantity, k is equal to unity.
n
3.1.11
corrected indication
G
corr
indication of a dosemeter corrected for any differences of the values of the influence quantities from
reference conditions
Note 1 to entry: The corrected indication, G , can be calculated with the correction factor, k , for non-constant
corr n
response, the q correction factors, k , for the influence quantities of type F and the p correction summands, G , for the
f w
influence quantities of type S. It is given by
p q
Gk=⋅(GG−⋅) k (2)
corr n w f
∑ ∏
w=1 f=1
which is a model function of the measurement necessary for any determination of the uncertainty according to
ISO/IEC Guide 98-3.
Note 2 to entry: To distinguish between the indication of the standard and the dosemeter, Subscripts ‘s’ and ‘d’ are used
and the respective indications are named G and G .
s,corr d,corr
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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018
ISO 29661:2012(E)
3.1.12
correction summand
G
w
value added to the indication to compensate the deviation of measurement conditions from reference conditions
or for a systematic error (e.g. zero indication)
Note to entry: If the correction of the effect of an influence quantity requires a summand, the influence quantity is of
type S, see Note 1 to entry 3.1.16.
3.1.13
ICRU tissue
−3
material equivalent to the human soft tissue with a density of 1 g·cm and a mass composition of 76,2 %
oxygen, 11,1 % carbon, 10,1 % hydrogen and 2,6 % nitrogen
[SOURCE: ICRU Report 33.]
3.1.14
ICRU sphere
spherical phantom of 30 cm in diameter made of ICRU tissue
Note to entry: This phantom is only used for the calculation of conversion coefficients to ambient or directional dose
equivalent and not for dosemeter calibration.
[SOURCE: ICRU Report 33, modified.]
3.1.15
indication
G
quantity value provided by a measuring instrument or a measuring system
Note 1 to entry: A measuring instrument or a measuring system may consist of several parts, e.g. the ionisation chamber
plus the electrometer, or the complete instrument in one housing, but always without the phantom (if used). In this
International Standard it is always termed a dosemeter.
Note 2 to entry: The units of the indication of the dosemeter are not necessarily the same as that of the measurand. For
example, for measurements with ionisation chambers the instrument indication is, in general, the value of the current I or
of the charge Q. It is necessary to document whether the indication is normalized to the reference conditions to account for
influence quantities and is corrected for intrinsic background and other influences. The corrected indication is named G .
corr
Note 3 to entry: To distinguish between the indication of the standard and the dosemeter, subscripts ‘s’ and ‘d’ are used
and the respective indications are named G and G .
s d
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 4.1.]
3.1.16
influence quantity
quantity that, in a direct measurement, does not affect the quantity that is actually measured, but affects the
relation between the indication and the measurement result
Note 1 to entry: The correction of the effect of the influence quantity can require a correction factor (influence quantity
of type F) and/or a correction summand (influence quantity of type S) to be applied to the indication of the dosemeter, e.g.
energy for type F and microphony or electromagnetic disturbance for type S, see 3.1.9 and 3.1.12.
Note 2 to entry: The dose rate is an influence quantity when measuring the dose.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.52.]
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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018
ISO 29661:2012(E)
3.1.17
instrument constant
c
i
constant by which the indication of the dosemeter, G, or — if corrections or a normalization were applied — the
corrected indication, G , is multiplied to convert it to the same unit as the measurand
corr
Note to entry: If the instrument’s indication is already expressed in the same unit as the measurand, c is unnecessary.
i
[SOURCE: ICRU Report 76.]
3.1.18
measurand
quantity intended to be measured
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.3.]
3.1.19
measured quantity value
measured value
M
quantity value representing a measurement result
Note to entry: See 6.2.4.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.10.]
3.1.20
monitor device
device installed in an irradiation facility to monitor the fluence or dose (rate) of the irradiation field
3.1.21
personal dosemeter
meter designed to measure the personal dose equivalent (rate)
Note to entry: A personal dosemeter can be worn on the trunk (whole-body personal dosemeter), at the extremities
(extremity personal dosemeter) or close to the eye lens (eye lens dosemeter).
[SOURCE: IEV 394-22-08, modified.]
3.1.22
phantom
artefact constructed to simulate the scattering properties of the human body or parts of the human body such
as the extremities
Note to entry: A phantom can be used for the definition of a quantity and made of artificial material, e.g. ICRU tissue,
or for the calibration and then be made of physically existing material, see 6.6.2 for details.
3.1.23
point of test
point in the radiation field at which the conventional quantity value is known
[SOURCE: ICRU Report 76.]
3.1.24
primary measurement standard
primary standard
measurement standard established using a primary reference measurement procedure, or created as an
artefact, chosen by convention
EXAMPLE Free-air chambers as primary measurement standards of the measurand air kerma free-in-air.
Note 1 to entry: A primary standard has the highest metrological quality in a given field of metrology.
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SIST EN ISO 29661:2018
ISO 29661:2012(E)
Note 2 to entry: The quantity value of the primary standard is equated to the best estimate of the quantity to be measured,
i.e. the conventional quantity value.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 5.4.]
3.1.25
quantity
property of a phenomenon, body or substance, where the property has a magnitude that can be expressed as
a number and a reference
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 1.1.]
Note to entry: The quantities considered in the scope of this International Standard are the operational quantities for
radiation protection purposes (ambient dose equivalent, directional dose equivalent, personal dose equivalent and the
respective dose rates) and the basic quantities such as air kerma free-in-air, fluence and absorbed dose to soft tissue.
3.1.26
quantity value
number and reference together expressing magnitude of a quantity
−1
EXAMPLE 1,52 µGy h as the dose rate in a given radiation field.
Note to entry: A quantity value is a product of a number and a measurement unit (the unit one is generally not indicated
for quantities of dimension one).
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 1.19.]
3.1.27
radiation detector
apparatus or substance used to convert incident ionizing radiation energy into a signal suitable for indication
and/or measurement
[SOURCE: IEV 394-24-01.]
3.1.28
radiation quality
U
characteristic of ionizing radiation determined by the spectral distribution of radiation with respect to energy
Note to entry: The characteristic is expressed by parameters which are given together with their values in ISO 4037,
ISO 6980, ISO 8529 and ISO 12789. Examples of the parameters are effective energy, half-value layer, X-ray tube voltage
and filtration.
[SOURCE: IEV 881-02-22, modified.]
3.1.29
reference direction
direction, in the coordinate system of the dosemeter, with respect to which the angle of radiation incidence is
measured in reference fields
Note 1 to entry: At the angle of incidence of 0° the reference direction of the dosemeter is parallel to the direction of radiation
incidence. At the angle of 180° the reference direction of the dosemeter is anti-parallel to the direction of radiation incidence.
Note 2 to entry: The reference direction, in the coordinate system of the dosemeter, points into the dosemeter (see
Figure 1). For parts to be irradiated consisting of a personal dosemeter and a cylindrical phantom such as a pillar or rod
phantom the reference direction points into the phantom and is perpendicular to the centre line of the phantom.
3.1.30
reference operating condition
reference condition
operating condition prescribed for evaluating the performance of a measuring instrument or measuring system
or for comparison of measurement results
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 4.11.]
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