SIST-TS CLC/TS 50590:2015

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CLC/TS 50590:2015
01-junij-2015
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Electricity metering data exchange - Lower layer PLC profile using adaptive multi-carrier
spread spectrum for CX1 networks
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CLC/TS 50590:2015
ICS:
35.240.50 Uporabniške rešitve IT v IT applications in industry
industriji
91.140.50 Sistemi za oskrbo z elektriko Electricity supply systems
SIST-TS CLC/TS 50590:2015 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 50590:2015

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SIST-TS CLC/TS 50590:2015


TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION CLC/TS 50590

SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE

TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
April 2015
ICS 35.240.60; 91.140.50

English Version
Electricity metering data exchange - Lower layer PLC profile
using Adaptive Multi Carrier Spread-Spectrum (AMC-SS)
modulation

This Technical Specification was approved by CENELEC on 2014-11-11.

CENELEC members are required to announce the existence of this TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the TS available promptly
at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force.

CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.



European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation Electrotechnique
Europäisches Komitee für Elektrotechnische Normung
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members.
 Ref. No. CLC/TS 50590:2015 E

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CONTENTS
Foreword . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms, definitions and acronyms . 6
3.1 Terms and definitions . 6
3.2 Acronyms . 8
4 General description . 9
5 PHY layer specification . 12
5.1 Overview . 12
5.2 PHY protocol data unit . 13
5.2.1 PPDU structure . 13
5.2.2 PHY header . 15
5.2.3 PHY data . 15
5.3 PHY frame transmission . 16
5.3.1 General . 16
5.3.2 Forward error correction encoding . 18
5.3.3 Interleaving . 19
5.3.4 PSK / DPSK mapping . 20
5.3.5 Carrier frequency mapping . 22
5.3.6 Modulation . 24
5.4 EMC requirements . 27
5.5 PHY layer services . 27
5.5.1 General . 27
5.5.2 P_data.request . 28
5.5.3 P_data.indication . 28
6 Data link layer specification . 30
6.1 Overview . 30
6.2 MAC protocol data unit . 30
6.2.1 MPDU structure . 30
6.2.2 Frame forwarding sector number . 32
6.2.3 MAC-channel identification number . 33
6.2.4 Network identification number. 33
6.2.5 Link address . 33
6.2.6 Data block length . 33
6.2.7 Total number of frame retransmissions . 33
6.2.8 Frame retransmission down counter . 34
6.2.9 Reference zero-crossing delay . 34
6.2.10 Logical link control field . 34
6.2.11 Frame header check sequence . 38
6.2.12 Data block and frame check sequence . 38
6.2.13 Scrambling . 38
6.3 MAC frame transmission . 38
6.4 The LLC protocol data unit . 41

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6.5 Message transmission in LLC layer . 41
6.5.1 General . 41
6.5.2 DL_data.request . 42
6.5.3 DL_data_identifier.confirm . 43
6.5.4 DL_data.indication . 45
6.5.5 DL_data.response . 46
6.5.6 DL_data.confirm . 47
6.5.7 DL_data_ack.response . 47
6.5.8 DL_data_ack.confirm . 48
6.5.9 DL_control.indication . 49
6.5.10 Transmission from slave node . 50
6.5.11 Transmission from master node . 53
6.5.12 Acknowledged unicast transmission . 55
6.6 Clock synchronisation . 61
6.7 Status enquiry . 62
6.8 PHY-link test . 62
6.9 PHY quality data enquiry . 63
7 Layer-2-network capability . 63
7.1 Overview . 63
7.2 Registration procedure . 64
7.2.1 General . 64
7.2.2 Registration of a new slave node . 65
7.2.3 Data link connection time-out . 68
7.2.4 Re-establishing of data link connection after power-down . 68
7.3 Coordination of master nodes . 69
7.4 Cell change by slave node . 69
Annex A (normative) . 72
A.1 Window functions . 72
Annex B (normative) Logical Link Control Functions . 101
B.1 Master node messages for data link control (PRM=1, DLS=0) . 101
B.2 Master node messages for higher layer servicing (PRM=1, DLS=1) . 111
B.3 Slave node messages for data link control functions (PRM=0, DLS=0) . 117
B.4 Slave node messages for higher layer servicing (PRM=0, DLS=1) . 125
Annex C (informative) Examples of network scenarios . 127
C.1 Example of a network . 127
C.1 General . 127
C.2 Examples of an s-MN becoming a master node . 127
Annex D (normative) Configuration and time parameters . 130

TABLE OF FIGURES
Figure 1 – Layers of AMC-SS profile. . 10
Figure 2 – Primitives . 11
Figure 3 – PHY layer processing steps during PPDU transmission . 12
Figure 4 – Bit-oriented PPDU structure without TS. 13
Figure 5 – Structure of transmit signal (PHY frame) consisting of overlapped
modulated symbols . 14

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Figure 6 –General structure of a convolutional encoder with constraint length 7,
used in this particular example (solid connections) for rate ½ encoder . 18
Figure 7 – Combining of overlapped modulated symbols . 26
Figure 8 – Combining of overlapped modulated symbols followed by IFI . 27
Figure 9 – Primitives between layer 2 and layer 1 . 28
Figure 10 – MPDU structure . 31
Figure 11 – Formats of logical link control field . 34
Figure 12 – Pseudo-noise sequence generator . 38
Figure 13 – Frame transmission procedure used by SEND/NO REPLY service. . 39
Figure 14 – Frame transmission procedure with simultaneous forwarding . 40
Figure 15 – Frame transmission procedures used by REQUEST/RESPOND
service. . 41
Figure 16 – Example of data collection by polling . 51
Figure 17 – Example of data collection using quick-check procedure . 53
Figure 18 – Example of acknowledged unicast transmission with retry . 56
Figure 19 – – Example of acknowledged multicast/broadcast transmission . 58
Figure 20 – – Example of two multicast/broadcast transmissions with an error . 59
Figure 21 – – Example of broadcast with message retransmission . 60
Figure 22 – Example of non-acknowledged multicast/broadcast transmission . 61
Figure 23 – Example of PHY link test. . 62
Figure 24 – Example of link quality enquiry . 63
Figure 25 – Example of slave node registration procedure . 66
Figure 26 – Example of new multicast address assignment . 67
Figure 27 – Example of cell change by slave node . 70
Figure C.1 – Example of NSC . 140
Figure C.2 – Example of an s-MN becoming a master node . 141
Figure C.3 – Example of cell splitting . 141
Figure C.4 – Example of switching off a p-MN . 142
Figure C.5 – Example of cell spreading in NSC . 142

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Foreword
This document (CLC/TS 50590:2015) has been prepared by CLC/TC 13 "Electrical energy
measurement and control".


The following date is fixed:

(doa) 2015-07-24
• latest date by which the existence of
this document has to be announced
at national level

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the
subject of patent rights. CENELEC [and/or CEN] shall not be held responsible for identifying any
or all such patent rights.

This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade Association.

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1 Scope
This Technical Specification specifies the physical layer, medium access control layer
and logical link control layer for communication on an electrical distribution network
between a master node and one or more slave nodes using a compatibly extendable
form (CX1) of Adaptive Multi-Carrier Spread Spectrum (AMC-SS) technique. The
adaptive cellular communication network technology provided in this specification may
be used for automated meter reading as well as for other distribution network
applications.
The[GK1] physical layer provides a modulation technique that efficiently utilizes the
allowed bandwidth within the CENELEC A band (3 kHz – 95 kHz), offering a very robust
communication in the presence of narrowband interference, impulsive noise, and
frequency selective attenuation. The physical layer of AMC-SS is defined in Clause 5 of
CLC/TS 50590:2015[GK2].
The data link (DL) layer consists of three parts, the ‘Medium Access Control’ (MAC)
sub-layer, the Logical Link Control (LLC) sub-layer and the ‘Convergence’ sub-layer.
The data link layer allows the transmission of data frames through the use of the power
line physical channel. It provides data services, frame integrity control, routing,
registration, multiple access, and cell change functionality. The MAC sub-layer and the
LLC sub-layer of AMC-SS are defined in Clause 6 of CLC/TS 50590:2015. The
Convergence sub-layer is defined in this document.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this
document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the
edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 50065-1, Signaling on low-voltage electrical installations in the frequency range
3 kHz to 148,5 kHz – Part 1: General requirements, frequency bands and electromagnetic
disturbances
DIN 43863–5:2012-04, Identification number for measuring devices applying for all
manufacturers
3 Terms, definitions and acronyms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1.1
device identifier
property that universally identifies a node
3.1.2
frame forwarding
procedure of PHY frame retransmission by a slave node or simultaneously by several
slave nodes

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3.1.3
higher layer entity
entity of the layer or sub-layer in OSI model, which is situated above the layer or sub-
layer of the entity offering the services. A possible convergence sub-layer between the
higher layer entity and the entity offering the services may be a null layer, which is as
simple as possible without a special convergence capability
3.1.4
MAC frame
MAC sub-layer Protocol Data Unit (MPDU)
3.1.5
master node
node which controls and manages the resources of a network cell
3.1.6
message
LLC sub-layer Protocol Data Unit (MPDU)
3.1.7
network
set of network nodes that can communicate by complying with this specification and are
identified by the same value of N_NIN
3.1.8
network cell
set of network nodes that can communicate by complying with this specification and
share a single master node, which is identified by the CIN
3.1.9
node
any one element of a network cell which is able to transmit to and receive from other
network elements
3.1.10
slave node
any node of a network cell which is not operating as a master node
3.1.11
PHY frame
a PHY Layer Protocol Data Unit (PPDU)
3.1.12
registration
procedure of master node assignment to a slave node
3.1.13
slave node registration
assignment of dynamic address information to a slave node
3.1.14
symbol
waveform used in the communication channel that persists for a fixed period of time

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3.2 Acronyms
AC  Alternating Current
ACK  Acknowledgement
AGC  Automatic Gain Control
AMC-SS Adaptive Multi-Carrier Spread-Spectrum
BNC  Backbone Network Connection
BTO  Beacon Time-Out Period
CCV  Code Connection Vector
CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
CFL  Carrier Frequency List
CIN  Channel Identification Number
CL  Convergence Sub-Layer
CONV Convolutional Code
COSEM Companion Specification for Energy Metering
CRC  Cyclic Redundancy Check
CRCINITVAL CRC Initialization Value
CWD  Contention Window Duration
CX1  Compatibly extendable form [JK3]of AMC-SS PLC
D_ACK  Data Acknowledgement
DB  Data Block
DBL  Data Block Length
DFC  Data Flow Control
D8PSK Differential Eight Phase Shift Keying
DBPSK Differential Binary Phase Shift Keying
DID  Device Identifier
DL  Data Link
DLL  Data Link Layer
DLMS Device Language Message Specification
DLS  Data Link Services
DP  Data Priority
DPSK Differential Phase Shift Keying
DQPSK Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
FCB  Frame Count Bit
FCS  Frame Check Sequence
FCV  Frame Count Bit Valid
FEC  Forward Error Correction
FH  Frequency Hopping
FHCS Frame Header Check Sequence
FMS  Frequency mapping schemes
FX  Frame Forwarding
FXDC Frame Forwarding Down-Counter
FXS  Frame Forwarding Sector Address
FXT  Total Number of Frame Retransmissions
HLE  Higher Layer Entity
HTB  Header Tail Bits
Hz  Hertz
IEC  International Electrotechnical Commission
IFI  Interframe Interval
ITD  Initial Transmission Delay
kHz  kilo Hertz
L_FC  Link Function Code
L_NIN Lower Byte of Network Identification Number
LA  Link Address
LCN  Link Channel Number
LLC  Logical Link Control
LLCF  Logical Link Control Field
LPDU LLC Sub-Layer Protocol Data Unit
LSB  Least Significant Byte
LTS  Length of Training Sequence

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N_NIN Node Network Identification Number
M_CIN Master Channel Identification Number
MAC  Medium Access Control
MA  Multicast Link-Address
MCN  Multicast Number
MN  Master Node
MPDU MAC Protocol Data Unit
MSB  Most Significant Byte
NIN  Network Identification Number
NLA  New Link Address
NMAx New Multicast Addresses
NSC  Network with Spreading/Shrinking Cells
p-MN  Primary Master Node
OSI  Open System Interconnection
PDDTH Power-Down Duration Threshold
PDS  PHY Data Symbol
PDU  Protocol Data Unit
PDZ  PHY Data Zero Symbol
PHS  PHY Header Symbol
PHY  Physical Layer
PHZ  PHY Header Zero Symbol
PPDU PHY Protocol Data Unit
PRM  Primary Bit
PRMB  Preamble
PSDU PHY Service Data Unit
PSK  Phase Shift Keying
RC  Repetition Code
RES  Reserved
RN  Relaying Node
RZCO Reference Zero-Crossing Offset
s-MN  Secondary Master Node
SCA  Scrambling Code Array
SCL  Scrambling Code Length
SN  Slave Node
SYNC  Synchronization Sequence
SYNCR  Synchronization Sequence Reference Symbols
SYNCS  Synchronization Sequence Symbols
S_CIN Slave Channel Identification Number
S_FXENA Slave Frame Forwarding Enable
S_FXS Slave Frame Forwarding Sector
S_MAx  Slave Multicast Addresses
S_LA  Slave Link-Address
TB  Tail Bits
TLA  Temporary Link Address
TM  Transmit Mode
TNCW Total Number of Contention Windows
TNS  Total Number of Symbols
TS  Training Sequence
TSS  Training Sequence Symbol
TSA  Training Sequence Array
TSL  Training Sequence Length

4 General description
Layers 1 and 2 transport the higher layer messages between the nodes of a low voltage
distribution network. Layer 1 (physical layer, PHY) generates a physical signal that is
sent over the medium. The data link layer (DLL, layer 2) is split up into three sub-layers:
medium access control sub-layer (MAC, sub-layer 2a), logical link control sub-layer

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(LLC, sub-layer 2b) and convergence sub-layer (CL, sub-layer 2c). The first two sub-
layers of the data link layer perform the formatting of the frames, handle channel access
and frame forwarding procedures, provide data integrity checks and are responsible for
addressing, segmentation and message retransmission. The convergence layer
provides adaptation to the specific higher layer protocol and may be transparent. The
convergence layer is not part of this document but is defined in the profile specification.
The convergence sub-layer provides a mapping between the primitives that are used by
the higher layer entity, and the primitives of the logical link control sub-layer. Layer 2
also provides functionality of multiplexing and prioritization between different higher
layer entities or applications (within a network node) and layer-2 networking.
Furthermore, multiplexing of different protocol elements with DLMS/COSEM elements is
specified herein. The structure of the lower layer PLC profile is shown in Figure 1.


Higher Layers 1 Higher Layers N
Higher Layers 2
●●●
(Layers 3 to 7) (Layers 3 to 7)
(Layers 3 to 7)

Convergence Sub-Layer
(Sub-Layer 2c)


CLC/TS 50590


Logical Link Control Sub-Layer
(Sub-Layer 2b)


Medium Access Control Sub-Layer
(Sub-Layer 2a)

Physical Layer
(PHY, Layer 1)


Figure 1 – Layers of AMC-SS profile
Information between layers is exchanged via primitives (see Figure 2). The following
primitives are used for the communication between the logical link control sub-layer and
the convergence sub-layer: DL_data.request, DL_data_identifier.confirm,
DL_data.indication, DL_data.response, DL_data.confirm, DL_data_ack.response,
DL_data_ack.confirm and DL_control.indication. For communication between the data
link layer (LLC + MAC) and the physical layer the primitives P_data.request and
P_data.indication are used.
.

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DL_control.indication DL_control.indication
DL_data.request
P_data.request
P_data.indication
DL_data_identifier.confirm DL_data.indication
Physical
DL_data.response
medium
DL_data_ACK.response
P_data.request
P_data.indication
DL_data.confirm
DL_data_ACK.confirm
CL LLC,MAC PHY PHY LLC,MAC CL

Figure 2 – Primitives

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5 PHY layer specification
5.1 Overview
To generate physical signals, the AMC-SS physical layer uses a multi-carrier spread
spectrum technique in combination with Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK) and
forward-error-correction (FEC) coding.
This technique provides the following advantages:
− Robustness against time–frequency-selective fading;
− Robustness against pulse and narrowband interference, pulsating non-gaussian
noise and combinations of them;
− Robustness against unwanted intermodulation effects;
− Lower linearity requirements for the analogue front end;
− High power efficiency as a result of low peak-to-average power ratio of the
transmitted signal;
− Good electromagnetic compatibility between neighbouring systems.
The Figure 3 shows the block diagram of different data processing steps performed by
the physical layer during the transmission of a PHY protocol data unit (PPDU).

FEC
PSK/
encoder
DPSK
Carrier
mapper
frequency Modulator
mapper
FEC Inter-
encoder leaver

Figure 3 – PHY layer processing steps during PPDU transmission
Neither FEC-encoding nor interleaving is performed on the training sequence (TS). The
bits of the synchronisation sequence (SYNC), the PHY header and PHY data are
encoded with a FEC code. Encoded bit-sequences of the PHY header and PHY data are
additionally interleaved. The training sequence and the encoded and interleaved bit
sequences are mapped to the carrier phase angels depending on a PSK or a DPSK
scheme and then to the carrier frequencies. The result of the PSK/DPSK and carrier
frequency mapping is a sequence of unmodulated symbols containing modulation
parameter. In the modulator these symbols are modulated and combined to a transmit
signal, which is coupled into the physical channel – power-line.
The PHY layer processing steps during the reception of the PPDU are implementation
specific and out of scope of this specification.
TS
SYNC
Transmit
signal
PHY Header,
PHY Data
PPDU
Preamble

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5.2 PHY protocol data unit
5.2.1 PPDU structure
5.2.1.1 General
The PPDU (i. e. PHY frame) consists of the preamble, the PHY header and the PHY
data field. The preamble contains a training sequence (TS) and the synchronisation
sequence SYNC. The PSK encoded elements of the TS are defined by the parameter
TSL and the parameter array TSA (see Annex D).
Figure 4 below shows the bit-oriented structure of the PPDU (except training sequence),
which is defined in Table 1 below.
SYNC TM HTB PSDU TB

Figure 4 – Bit-oriented PPDU struct
...