SIST EN 15551:2017
(Main)Railway applications - Railway rolling stock - Buffers
Railway applications - Railway rolling stock - Buffers
This European Standard defines the requirements for buffers with 105 mm, 110 mm and 150 mm stroke for vehicles or units which use buffers and screw coupling at the coupling interface with other interoperable rolling stock. It covers the functionality, interfaces and testing procedures, including pass fail criteria, for buffers.
NOTE Typically, buffers with a stroke of 105 mm are used on freight wagons and locomotives, buffers with a stroke of 110 mm are used on coaches and locomotives and buffers with a stroke of 150 mm are used on freight wagons.
It defines the different categories of buffers, the space envelope, static and dynamic characteristics and energy absorption.
It includes a calculation method to determine the minimum size of the buffer head to avoid override between buffers.
It defines the static and dynamic characteristics of the elastic systems.
It also defines the requirements for buffers with integrated crash elements (crashworthy buffers) for tank wagons only according to RID.
The requirements of this European Standard also apply to locomotives and passenger coaches which have to meet the crashworthiness requirements of EN 15227 for buffers in normal service only. The properties for the energy absorbing function are defined in EN 15227 and the requirements specified in Clause 7 for tank wagons according to RID are not applicable to locomotives and passenger coaches.
Diagonal buffers are excluded from this European Standard.
For vehicles which have to comply with crashworthiness requirements (locomotives, cab cars or passenger coaches according to EN 15227, tank wagons according to RID), typically crashworthy buffers (buffers with a deformable housing and/or the need for an opening in their mounting flange) or buffers which form part of a combined system consisting of a special buffer (e.g. middle flange buffer) and a deformation element are used. For these types of buffers, interoperability is possible, but interchangeability with freight wagon buffers is not required, and therefore the requirements of 5.2 (Fixing on vehicle and interchangeability), 5.3 (Buffer dimensions) do not apply, those of 5.4 (mechanical characteristics of buffers) and 5.6 (marking) apply with restrictions.
Bahnanwendungen - Schienenfahrzeuge - Puffer
Diese Europäische Norm definiert die Anforderungen an Puffer mit 105 mm, 110 mm und 150 mm Hub für Fahrzeuge und Einheiten, die Puffer und Schraubenkupplungen verwenden und an Kupplungsschnittstellen mit Schienenfahrzeugen im grenzüberschreitenden Verkehr zum Einsatz kommen. Sie umfasst die Funktions-merkmale, Schnittstellen und Prüfverfahren einschließlich der Abnahmekriterien für Puffer.
ANMERKUNG Üblicherweise werden Puffer mit einem Hub von 105 mm für Güterwagen und Lokomotiven, Puffer mit einem Hub von 110 mm für Reisezugwagen und Lokomotiven und Puffer mit einem Hub von 150 mm für Güterwagen genutzt.
Sie definiert die einzelnen Pufferkategorien, den erforderlichen Hüllraum, statische und dynamische Merkmale und die Energieaufnahme.
Sie beinhaltet weiterhin eine Berechnungsmethode zur Bestimmung der Mindestgröße des Puffertellers, um ein Überpuffern zu vermeiden.
Außerdem werden die statischen und dynamischen Merkmale der Federsysteme festgelegt.
Weiterhin legt diese Norm die Anforderungen an in Puffer integrierte Crashelemente (kollisionssichere Puffer) für Kesselwagen ausschließlich nach den Bestimmungen des RID fest.
Die Anforderungen dieser Europäischen Norm gelten auch für Lokomotiven und Reisezugwagen, die die Anforderungen zur Kollisionssicherheit der EN 15227 erfüllen müssen, und für Puffer im normalen Betrieb. Die Eigenschaften der Energieaufnahmefunktion sind in der EN 15227 festgelegt. Die Anforderungen, die in Abschnitt 7 für Kesselwagen nach RID festgelegt sind, gelten nicht für Lokomotiven und Reisezugwagen.
Diagonalpuffer sind von dieser Europäischen Norm ausgenommen.
Für Fahrzeuge, die den Anforderungen der Kollisionssicherheit unterliegen (Lokomotiven, Steuerwagen und Reisezugwagen nach der EN 15227, Kesselwagen nach RID), werden übliche kollisionssichere Puffer (Puffer mit einem verformbaren Gehäuse und/oder dem Bedarf einer Öffnung in ihrem Montage-Flansch) oder Puffer, die ein Bestandteil eines kombinierten Systems sind, das aus einem Spezialpuffer (z. B. Mittel-Flansch-Puffer) und einem Verformungselement besteht, genutzt. Für diese Arten von Puffern ist grenzüberschreitender Einsatz möglich, aber die Austauschbarkeit mit Güterwagenpuffern ist nicht erforderlich und deshalb gelten die Anforderungen in 5.2 (Montage am Fahrzeug und Austauschbarkeit), 5.3 (Pufferabmessungen) nicht, und die in 5.4 (mechanische Puffereigenschaften) und 5.6 (Kennzeichnung) nur eingeschränkt.
Applications ferroviaires - Matériel roulant ferroviaire - Tampons
La présente norme définit les exigences relatives aux tampons de 105 mm, 110 mm et 150 mm de course pour les véhicules ou les unités, qui utilisent des tampons et des attelages à vis pour être couplés avec d’autres matériels roulants interopérables. La présente norme couvre les fonctionnalités, les interfaces et les procédures d’essai, y compris les critères de réussite ou d’échec, des tampons.
NOTE Typiquement les tampons avec une course longue de 105 mm sont utilisés sur les wagons de marchandises et les locomotives, les tampons d’une course longue de 110 mm sont utilisés sur les véhicules voyageurs et les locomotives, les tampons d’une course longue de 150 mm sont utilisés sur les wagons de marchandises.
Elle définit les différentes catégories de tampons, l'encombrement, les caractéristiques statiques et dynamiques et l’absorption d’énergie.
Elle inclut une méthode de calcul permettant de déterminer la taille minimale du plateau de tampon afin d’éviter un chevauchement des tampons.
Elle définit également les caractéristiques statiques et dynamiques des systèmes élastiques.
Elle définit les exigences relatives aux éléments de choc intégrés dans les tampons pour les wagons citernes conformes à la réglementation RID.
Les exigences de la présente Norme européenne s’appliquent aussi aux locomotives et véhicules voyageurs, qui doivent remplir les exigences anti crash conformément à la norme EN 15227, seulement pour les tampons en utilisation de service normal. Les propriétés de la fonction « absorption d’énergie » sont définies dans la norme EN15227 et les exigences énoncées dans l’Article 7 pour les wagons citernes conformément à la réglementation RID ne sont pas applicables aux locomotives et aux véhicules voyageurs.
Les tampons diagonaux ne font pas partie du présent document.
Pour les véhicules qui doivent être en conformité avec les exigences anti crash (locomotives, cabines, véhicules voyageurs selon la norme EN 15227, wagons citernes selon la réglementation RID), des tampons anti crash spécifiques (tampon avec une enveloppe déformable et / ou tampon nécessitant un évidement de la traverse de tête pour leur montage) ou les tampons qui forment une partie d’un système consistant en un tampon spécial (par exemple, un tampon équipé d’une plaque support en son milieu) et un élément de déformation sont généralement utilisés.. Pour ces types de tampons, l’interopérabilité est possible, mais l’interchangeabilité avec des tampons de wagons de fret n’est pas exigée, et de plus, les exigences de l’article 5.2 (Fixation sur véhicules et interchangeabilité), de l’article 5.3 (Dimensions des tampons) ne s’appliquent pas, celles de l’article 5.4 (caractéristiques mécaniques des tampons) et 5.6 (Marquage) s’appliquent avec restrictions.
Železniške naprave - Železniška vozila - Odbojniki
Ta evropski standard določa zahteve za odbojnike s 105-mm, 110-mm in 150-mm hodom za vozila ali enote, ki uporabljajo odbojnike in vijačno spenjačo na spojnem vmesniku z drugim interoperabilnim vozilom. Zajema funkcionalnost, vmesnike in preskusne postopke za odbojnike, vključno z merili za uspešno/neuspešno opravljen preskus.
OPOMBA: Običajno se odbojniki s 105-mm hodom uporabljajo pri tovornih vagonih in lokomotivah, odbojniki s 110-mm hodom se uporabljajo pri potniških vagonih in lokomotivah, odbojniki s 150-mm hodom pa se uporabljajo pri tovornih vagonih.
Opredeljuje različne kategorije odbojnikov, prostorske okvire, statične in dinamične lastnosti ter absorpcijo energije.
Vključuje računsko metodo za določanje najmanjše velikosti glave odbojnika, da se prepreči prekrivanje odbojnikov.
Opredeljuje statične in dinamične lastnosti elastičnih sistemov.
Določa tudi zahteve za odbojnike z vgrajenimi elementi proti trčenju (odbojnike, odporne proti trku) za vagone s cisterno v skladu s predpisi RID.
Zahteve tega evropskega standarda se uporabljajo tudi za lokomotive in potniške vagone, ki morajo ustrezati zahtevam za zagotavljanje pasivne varnosti pri trčenju iz standarda EN 15227 samo za odbojnike pri običajnih pogojih uporabe. Lastnosti funkcije za absorpcijo energije so opredeljene v standardu EN 15227, pri čemer se zahteve, podane v točki 7 za vagone s cisterno v skladu s predpisi RID, ne uporabljajo za lokomotive in potniške vagone.
Ta evropski standard ne zajema diagonalnih odbojnikov.
Za vozila, ki morajo biti skladna z zahtevami za zagotavljanje pasivne varnosti pri trčenju (lokomotive, vagoni z vozniško kabino ali potniški vagoni v skladu s standardom EN 15227, vagoni s cisterno v skladu s predpisi RID) se običajno uporabljajo odbojniki, odporni proti trku (odbojniki z upogljivim ohišjem in/ali zahtevano odprtino v pritrdilni prirobnici), ali odbojniki, ki so del kombiniranega sistema, sestavljenega iz posebnega odbojnika (npr. odbojnika s srednjo prirobnico) in upogljivega elementa. Pri teh vrstah odbojnikov je interoperabilnost mogoča, vendar medsebojna zamenljivost z odbojniki za tovorne vagone ni zahtevana, zaradi česar se zahteve iz točk 5.2 (pritrditev na vozilo in medsebojna zamenljivost) in 5.3 (dimenzije odbojnikov) ne uporabljajo, zahteve iz točk 5.4 (mehanske lastnosti odbojnikov) in 5.6 (označevanje) pa se uporabljajo z omejitvami.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST EN 15551:2017
01-marec-2017
1DGRPHãþD
SIST EN 15551:2009+A1:2010
Železniške naprave - Železniška vozila - Odbojniki
Railway applications - Railway rolling stock - Buffers
Bahnanwendungen - Schienenfahrzeuge - Puffer
Applications ferroviaires - Matériel roulant ferroviaire - Tampons
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 15551:2017
ICS:
45.060.01 Železniška vozila na splošno Railway rolling stock in
general
SIST EN 15551:2017 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST EN 15551:2017
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SIST EN 15551:2017
EN 15551
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
January 2017
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 45.060.01 Supersedes EN 15551:2009+A1:2010
English Version
Railway applications - Railway rolling stock - Buffers
Applications ferroviaires - Matériel roulant ferroviaire Bahnanwendungen - Schienenfahrzeuge - Puffer
- Tampons
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 September 2016.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 15551:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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Contents Page
European foreword . 7
Introduction . 9
1 Scope . 10
2 Normative references . 10
3 Terms and definitions . 11
4 Classification and designation . 14
4.1 General . 14
4.2 Buffers with buffer stroke 105 mm (Categories A, B and C) . 14
4.3 Buffers with buffer stroke 110 mm . 14
4.4 Long stroke buffer 150 mm . 14
4.5 Crashworthy Buffers . 15
4.6 Interaction coupling/buffer . 15
5 Requirements . 15
5.1 General . 15
5.2 Fixing on vehicle and interchangeability . 17
5.3 Buffer dimensions . 18
5.4 Mechanical characteristics of buffers . 19
5.5 Elastic systems . 20
5.5.1 Types of elastic systems . 20
5.5.2 Static characteristics . 21
5.5.3 Dynamic characteristics . 22
5.5.4 Type testing . 22
5.6 Marking . 22
6 Housing . 24
6.1 Plunger and base . 24
6.2 Buffer head . 24
6.2.1 Materials . 24
6.2.2 Boundary dimensions . 24
6.2.3 Standard dimensions of buffer head . 25
6.3 Type and series tests . 26
7 Crashworthy buffers . 28
7.1 On wagons . 28
7.2 On other vehicles . 28
Annex A (normative) Maximum space envelope of buffer . 29
A.1 Requirements for space envelope of buffer . 29
A.1.1 Buffers for freight wagons . 29
A.1.2 Buffers for coaches . 32
A.2 Notes on the definition of envelopes for overall dimensions of Buffers for freight
wagons . 33
A.2.1 General . 33
A.2.2 Study relating to definition of the envelope . 34
Annex B (normative) Mechanical characteristics of buffers – Test methods . 36
B.1 General . 36
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B.2 Test methodology . 36
B.2.1 General . 36
B.2.2 Force F1 . 37
B.2.3 Force F2 . 37
B.2.4 Force F3 . 37
B.2.5 Force F4 . 37
B.2.6 Force F5 . 37
B.2.7 Force F6 . 38
B.3 Test documentation . 38
Annex C (normative) Requirements for elastic systems . 40
C.1 Rubber elastomer or other elastomer elastic systems . 40
C.1.1 General . 40
C.1.2 Metal inserts . 40
C.1.3 Constituents of rubber elastomer and/or other elastomer systems . 40
C.1.4 Static characteristics of the sets . 42
C.1.5 Dynamic characteristics of the sets. 42
C.1.6 Bonding . 42
C.1.7 Marking . 42
C.1.8 Inspection and tests . 42
C.2 Friction spring/ring spring . 44
C.2.1 Manufacturer's marks . 44
C.2.2 Flexibility test . 44
C.2.3 Endurance test . 45
C.2.4 Static characteristics for friction spring/ring spring . 45
C.2.5 Dynamic characteristics for friction spring/ring spring . 45
C.3 Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic systems . 45
C.3.1 General . 45
C.3.2 Absorbing energy medium . 46
C.3.3 Static tests of capsules . 46
C.4 Combined elastic systems . 46
Annex D (normative) Testing of static characteristics of buffers . 47
D.1 Test principle . 47
D.2 Test procedure . 47
D.3 Measurements . 47
Annex E (normative) Dynamic testing . 48
E.1 Dynamic testing of buffer . 48
E.1.1 General . 48
E.1.2 Temperature effects . 50
E.2 Dynamic characteristics of 105 mm stroke buffer . 50
E.2.1 Test programme . 50
E.2.2 Category A . 52
E.2.3 Category B . 52
E.2.4 Category C . 53
E.2.5 Comments on the test conditions . 53
E.3 Dynamic characteristics of 150 mm stroke buffer . 53
E.3.1 General . 53
E.3.2 Comments on test conditions . 54
E.4 Dynamic characteristics of 110 mm stroke buffer . 55
Annex F (normative) Endurance testing under service load for elastic system . 56
F.1 Aim of the test . 56
F.2 Test principle . 56
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F.3 Test results to be obtained . 56
F.4 Test procedure . 57
F.4.1 Endurance test assembly . 57
F.4.2 Preliminary static test . 57
F.4.3 Endurance test . 58
F.4.4 Final static test . 58
Annex G (normative) Endurance testing under buffing load for life-cycle simulation . 59
G.1 Endurance tests for elastic systems for wagons . 59
G.1.1 Aim of the test . 59
G.1.2 Test principle . 59
G.1.3 Test results to be obtained . 59
G.1.4 Test procedure . 59
G.1.5 Delivery of elastic systems . 61
G.2 Endurance tests for elastic systems for coaches . 62
G.2.1 General . 62
G.2.2 Tests under alternating loads . 62
G.2.3 Repeated buffing tests . 63
G.2.4 Conditions to be observed . 63
Annex H (informative) Guidelines for buffer head materials . 64
H.1 Example of test program requirements for verification of buffer head materials . 64
H.2 Buffer head materials . 65
Annex I (normative) Calculation of the width of buffer heads . 67
I.1 General . 67
I.1.1 Introduction . 67
I.1.2 Comments on the preparation of the formulae in this annex . 67
I.1.3 Track . 67
I.1.4 Vehicle . 67
I.2 Data used in the calculation . 68
I.3 Calculation . 68
Annex J (normative) Crashworthy buffers for tank wagons . 72
J.1 Requirements on crashworthy buffers . 72
J.1.1 Objectives . 72
J.1.2 Additional requirements . 72
J.2 Test procedure for crashworthy buffers . 72
Annex K (normative) Maximum space envelope of crashworthy buffers. 74
Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential
Requirements of EU Directive 2008/57/EC . 77
Bibliography . 80
Figures
Figure 1 — Force-stroke diagram for stored and absorbed energy . 13
Figure 2 — Mounting of buffers with non-metallic insert or head (top view for freight
wagons) . 17
Figure 3 — Fixing dimensions of 105 mm and 150 mm stroke buffers for interchangeability . 18
Figure 4 — Points of application of forces . 20
Figure 5 — Location of the mark . 22
Figure 6 — Marking . 23
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Figure 7 — Boundary dimensions and minimum surface of buffer heads. 25
Figure A.1 — Dimension of the maximum space envelope of buffer – Side view . 29
Figure A.2 — Cross section A – A. 30
Figure A.3 — Cross section B – B. 30
Figure A.4 — Cross section C – C . 30
Figure A.5 — Cross section D – D . 31
Figure A.6 — Cross section E – E . 31
Figure A.7 — Cross section F – F . 32
Figure A.8 — Dimension of the buffer: Cross sections G – G, H – H, K – K and L – L . 32
Figure A.9 — Dimension of the maximum space envelope of buffer for coaches – Side view . 33
Figure B.1 — Location of measurement . 36
Figure B.2 — Tool for application of force F3 . 37
Figure F.1 — Definition of heights . 56
Figure F.2 — Representation of the stored energy . 57
Figure F.3 — Endurance test under service load . 58
Figure G.1 — Determination of the buffer strokes for endurance test . 60
Figure I.1 — The position of the bogie vehicles in the track . 70
Figure I.2 — The position of the other vehicles (non bogie vehicles) in the track . 71
Figure K.1 — Dimension of the maximum space of the buffer . 74
Figure K.2 — Cross section A – A . 75
Figure K.3 — Cross section B – B . 75
Figure K.4 — Cross section C – C . 75
Figure K.5 — Cross section D – D . 76
Figure K.6 — Dimension of the buffer: Cross section E – E, F – F, G – G and H – H . 76
Tables
Table 1 — Buffer stroke 105 mm . 14
Table 2 — Testing on buffers or their components . 16
Table 3 — Buffer dimensional characteristics . 18
Table 4 — Proof loads for buffers . 19
Table 5 — Static characteristics . 21
Table 6 — Standard widths of buffer heads . 26
Table 7 — Type and series tests . 27
Table B.1 — Measurement protocol (example) . 39
Table C.1 — Characteristics of the constituents . 40
Table C.2 — Nature of inspections and tests . 43
Table C.3 — Number of flexibility tests per batch of springs . 45
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Table C.4 — Characteristics of absorbing energy medium . 46
Table E.1 — Standard high-sided open wagon .
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