SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005
01-april-2005
Širokopasovno digitalno omrežje z integriranimi storitvami (B-ISDN) -
Komutacijske, centralne in prevezovalne funkcije in zmogljivostne zahteve
Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN); Switching, exchange and
cross-connect functions and performance requirements
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: ETR 118 Edition 1
ICS:
33.080 Digitalno omrežje z Integrated Services Digital
integriranimi storitvami Network (ISDN)
(ISDN)
SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005 en
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------

SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005

---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------

SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005
ETSI ETR 118
TECHNICAL December 1993
REPORT
Source: ETSI TC-SPS Reference: DTR/SPS-03009
ICS: 33.080
B-ISDN, switching, cross-connect, performance
Key words:
Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN);
Switching, exchange and cross-connect functions
and performance requirements
ETSI
European Telecommunications Standards Institute
ETSI Secretariat
F-06921 Sophia Antipolis CEDEX - FRANCE
Postal address:
650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE
Office address:
c=fr, a=atlas, p=etsi, s=secretariat - secretariat@etsi.fr
X.400: Internet:
Tel.: +33 92 94 42 00 - Fax: +33 93 65 47 16
Copyright Notification: No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the
foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media.
© European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1993. All rights reserved.
New presentation - see History box

---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------

SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005
Page 2
ETR 118: December 1993
Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this document, errors in content,
typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to
"ETSI Editing and Committee Support Dept." at the address shown on the title page.

---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------

SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005
Page 3
ETR 118: December 1993
Contents
Foreword .7
1 Scope .9
2 References.9
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations.10
3.1 Definitions .10
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations.10
4 Overview .11
4.1 Principles of B-ISDN .11
4.2 Field of application.11
5 General characteristics of B-ISDN network nodes.13
5.1 General .13
5.1.1 Cell structure and encoding of the header elements.13
6 Interfaces on B-ISDN network nodes.13
6.1 General .13
6.2 Interfaces towards other B-ISDN network nodes.14
6.2.1 Characteristics of interfaces towards other B-ISDN network nodes .14
6.2.1.1 General.14
6.2.1.2 Functional characteristics .14
6.2.1.3 Interface A .15
B1
6.2.1.3.1 General .15
6.2.1.3.2 Functional characteristics .15
6.2.1.3.3 Physical medium characteristics.16
6.2.1.3.4 Virtual channel and virtual path
allocation.16
6.2.1.3.5 Signalling .16
6.2.1.4 Interface A .16
B2
6.2.1.4.1 General .16
6.2.1.4.2 Functional characteristics .16
6.2.1.4.3 Physical medium characteristics.17
6.2.1.4.4 Virtual channel and virtual path
allocation.17
6.2.1.4.5 Signalling .17
6.2.1.5 Interface A .17
B3
6.3 Interfaces for B-ISDN customer access .17
6.3.1 Characteristics of interfaces for B-ISDN customer access .18
6.3.1.1 General.18
6.3.1.2 Functional characteristics .19
6.3.1.3 Interface V .20
B1
1
6.3.1.3.1 General .20
6.3.1.3.2 Functional characteristics .20
6.3.1.3.3 Physical medium characteristics.20
6.3.1.3.4 Virtual channel and virtual path
allocation.20
6.3.1.3.5 Signalling .20
6.3.1.4 Interface V .20
B1
2
6.3.1.4.1 General .20
6.3.1.4.2 Functional characteristics .21
6.3.1.4.3 Physical medium characteristics.21
6.3.1.4.4 Virtual channel and virtual path
allocation.21
6.3.1.4.5 Signalling .21

---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------

SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005
Page 4
ETR 118: December 1993
6.3.1.5 Interface V . 21
B1
3
6.3.1.5.1 General. 21
6.3.1.5.2 Functional characteristics. 22
6.3.1.5.3 Physical medium characteristics. 22
6.3.1.5.4 Virtual channel and virtual path
allocation . 22
6.3.1.5.5 Signalling. 22
6.3.1.6 Interface V . 22
B1
4
6.3.1.6.1 General. 22
6.3.1.6.2 Functional characteristics. 22
6.3.1.6.3 Physical medium characteristics. 23
6.3.1.6.4 Virtual channel and virtual path
allocation . 23
6.3.1.6.5 Signalling. 23
6.3.1.7 Interface V . 23
B2
6.3.1.7.1 General. 23
6.3.1.7.2 Functional characteristics. 23
6.3.1.7.3 Physical medium characteristics. 23
6.3.1.7.4 Virtual channel and virtual path
allocation . 24
6.3.1.7.5 Signalling. 24
6.3.1.8 Interface V . 24
B4
6.3.1.8.1 General. 24
6.3.1.8.2 Functional characteristics. 24
6.3.1.8.3 Physical medium characteristics. 24
6.3.1.8.4 Virtual channel and virtual path
allocation . 24
6.3.1.9 Interface V . 24
B6
6.3.1.9.1 General. 24
6.3.1.9.2 Functional characteristics. 24
6.3.1.9.3 Physical medium characteristics. 25
6.3.1.9.4 Virtual channel and virtual path
allocation . 25
6.4 Interfaces for provision of distribution services . 25
6.4.1 Interface D . 25
A
6.4.2 Interface D . 25
S
6.5 Interfaces for operations, administration and maintenance . 25
6.6 Support of existing interfaces. 25
7 Functions of B-ISDN network nodes . 26
7.1 General. 26
7.1.1 Functional model . 26
7.2 Connection functions. 27
7.3 Control functions . 27
7.3.1 Operations, administration and maintenance functions. 27
7.4 Utilization of functions for services. 27
7.5 Termination functions. 28
7.5.1 General . 28
7.5.2 Functions of the physical layer. 28
7.5.2.1 General description of physical layer functions. 28
7.5.2.2 Physical medium sublayer functions. 28
7.5.2.2.1 Physical medium . 28
7.5.2.2.2 Bit timing. 28
7.5.2.3 Transmission convergence sublayer functions. 28
7.5.2.3.1 Cell delineation. 28
7.5.2.3.2 Header error control
generation/verification . 29
7.5.2.3.3 Cell rate decoupling. 29
7.5.2.4 Maintenance. 29
7.5.3 Functions of the ATM layer. 29
7.5.3.1 General description of ATM layer functions . 29
7.5.3.2 Cell header extraction . 29
7.5.3.3 Cell header translation . 29

---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------

SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005
Page 5
ETR 118: December 1993
7.5.3.4 Usage parameter control/network parameter control.29
7.5.3.5 Cell multiplexing and demultiplexing.29
7.5.3.6 Cell header generation .29
7.5.3.7 Maintenance .29
7.5.4 Functions of the ATM adaptation layer.30
7.6 ATM cell switching functions.30
7.7 Signalling functions.30
7.7.1 User access signalling functions .30
7.7.2 Network signalling functions.30
7.8 Service processing functions .30
7.9 Interworking functions.30
7.9.1 Interworking functions between B-ISDN and 64 kbit/s based ISDN.30
7.10 Connection/resource handling functions.30
7.10.1 Resource management functions .30
7.10.2 Overload handling .30
7.10.2.1 Overload handling at connection level.31
7.10.2.2 Overload handling at cell level.32
7.11 Operations, administration and maintenance functions.32
7.11.1 General functions required for operation.32
7.11.2 Operations functions .32
7.11.3 Administration functions .32
7.11.4 Maintenance functions .32
8 Connection types.33
8.1 General .33
8.2 Explanatory information on the connection diagrams.33
8.3 Basic connection types .34
8.3.1 B-ISDN to B-ISDN connection types .34
8.3.1.1 Type A connection .34
1
8.3.1.2 Type A connection .35
2
8.3.1.3 Type B connection .36
1
8.3.1.4 Type B connection .37
2
8.3.2 B-ISDN to 64 kbit/s based ISDN connection types .38
8.3.2.1 Type C connection.38
9 Design objectives - general, operations and maintenance .39
9.1 Charging principles .39
9.2 Maintenance .39
9.3 Routeing.39
9.4 Flow control.39
9.5 Cell sequence integrity.39
9.6 B-ISDN availability performance objectives.39
9.6.1 Load control.39
9.6.2 Accessibility.39
10 Performance design objectives.39
10.1 Performance design objectives.40
10.1.1 Traffic model .40
10.1.1.1 Reference traffic load 1 .40
10.1.1.2 Reference traffic load 2 .40
10.1.2 Blocking.40
10.1.3 Cell transfer performance objectives.40
10.1.3.1 General.40
10.1.3.2 Cell error parameters.41
10.1.3.2.1 Cell error ratio .41
10.1.3.2.2 Severely errored cell block ratio.41
10.1.3.3 Cell loss ratio .41
10.1.3.4 Cell misinsertion rate .41
10.1.3.5 Cell transfer delay.41
10.1.3.5.1 Maximum cell transfer delay.41
10.1.3.5.2 Mean cell transfer delay.42
10.1.3.5.3 Cell delay variation.42
10.1.4 Connection processing performance objectives .42

---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------

SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005
Page 6
ETR 118: December 1993
10.1.4.1 Connection set up delay. 42
10.1.4.2 Connection release delay. 42
10.1.4.3 Connection processing error parameters . 42
10.1.4.3.1 Connection set-up error probability . 42
10.1.4.3.2 Connection set-up failure probability. 42
10.1.4.3.3 Premature release probability . 42
10.1.4.3.4 Release failure probability . 42
10.1.5 Exchange call processing performance objectives. 42
10.1.5.1 Exchange call establish delay . 42
10.1.5.2 Exchange call release delay . 42
10.2 B-ISDN network node performance during overload . 43
10.2.1 Overload condition at cell level . 43
Annex A: Traffic characterisation. 44
A.1 Introduction. 44
A.2 Reference single source traffic model . 44
A.2.1 Levels of resolution in time. 44
A.2.2 State model . 45
A.2.3 Parameter values . 45
A.3 Traffic mixes on an ATM link . 46
A.3.1 Definition of service classes. 46
A.3.2 Definition of traffic mixes. 46
A.3.3 Traffic mixes. 46
History. 48

---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------

SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005
Page 7
ETR 118: December 1993
Foreword
This ETSI Technical Report (ETR) has been produced by the Signalling Protocols and Switching (SPS)
Technical Committee of the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI).
ETRs are informative documents resulting from ETSI studies which are not appropriate for European
Telecommunication Standard (ETS) or Interim European Telecommunication Standard (I-ETS) status. An
ETR may be used to publish material which is either of an informative nature, relating to the use or the
application of ETSs or I-ETSs, or which is immature and not yet suitable for formal adoption as an ETS or
an I-ETS.

---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------

SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005
Page 8
ETR 118: December 1993
Blank page

---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------

SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005
Page 9
ETR 118: December 1993
1 Scope
This ETSI Technical Report (ETR) describes Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN)
switching, exchange and cross-connect functions and performance requirements and applies to public
network nodes of a B-ISDN.
This ETR is not intended to define any systems or equipment in, or connected to, B-ISDN network nodes.
Some text may only apply to a certain type (or types) of B-ISDN network node. Where this occurs, the
application is defined in the text. Not all the recommended functions will necessarily be provided in every
B-ISDN network node.
2 References
For the purposes of this ETR, the following references apply:
[1] DE/SPS-03007: "Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN);
Metasignalling protocol".
[2] DE/SPS-03019: "Broadband Integrated Services Digital Network (B-ISDN);
Information models and protocols for the management/control of the ATM
switching network element".
[3] CCITT Recommendation I.113: "Vocabulary of terms for broadband aspects of
ISDN".
[4] ITU-T Recommendation I.211: "General service aspects of B-ISDN".
[5] ITU-T Recommendation I.311: "B-ISDN general network aspects".
[6] ITU-T Recommendation I.356: "B-ISDN ATM layer cell transfer performance".
[7] ITU-T Recommendation I.361: "B-ISDN ATM layer specification".
[8] ITU-T Recommendation I.371: "Traffic control and congestion control in
B-ISDN".
[9] ITU-T Recommendation I.432: "B-ISDN user-network interface - Physical layer
specification".
[10] ITU-T Recommendation I.580: "General arrangements for interworking between
B-ISDN and 64 kbit/s based ISDN".
[11] ITU-T Recommendation I.610: "Organisation and maintenance principles of the
B-ISDN access".
[12] ITU-T Recommendation M.3010: "Principles for a telecommunications
management network".
[13] CCITT Recommendation Q.9: "Vocabulary of switching and signalling terms".
[14] CCITT Recommendation Q.511: "Exchange interfaces towards other
exchanges".
[15] CCITT Recommendation Q.512: "Exchange interfaces for subscriber access".

---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------

SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005
Page 10
ETR 118: December 1993
3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations
3.1 Definitions
For the purposes of this ETR, the following definitions apply:
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)
ATM is used in this ETR as addressing a specific packet oriented transfer mode using Asynchronous
Time Division (ATD) multiplexing technique: the multiplexed information flow is organised in fixed size
blocks, called cells. A cell consists of an user information field and a header field; the primary role of the
header is to identify cells belonging to the same virtual channel on the ATD multiplex. Cells are assigned
on demand, depending on the source activity and the resources available. Cell sequence integrity on a
virtual channel is guaranteed by the B-ISDN.
ATM is a connection-oriented technique: header values are assigned to each section of a connection at
call set-up and released at the end of the call. Signalling and user information are carried on separate
virtual channels.
ATM is designed to offer a flexible transfer capability common to all services.
ATM Cross-Connect (AXC)
The ATM cross-connect is directed by management plane functions only. According to the functionalities
provided by the user plane ATM cross-connects are classified into:
- ATM Multiplexers (MUX) (bandwidth management, Usage Parameter Control (UPC), header
translation functions can be limited);
- ATM cross-connect.
ATM switch
The ATM switch is directed by control plane functions. According to the functionalities provided by the
control plane ATM switches are classified into local exchanges, transit exchanges and concentrators.
B-ISDN network node
A B-ISDN network node is a cell handling node of the public ATM-based network including Virtual Path
(VP)/Virtual Channel (VC) cross-connect (ATM cross-connect) and VP/VC switches (ATM switch).
3.2 Symbols and abbreviations
For the purposes of this ETR, the following abbreviations apply:
AAL ATM Adaptation Layer
ATD Asynchronous Time Division
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
AXC ATM Cross-Connect
B-ISDN Broadband ISDN
CBR Constant Bit Rate
CON ATM Concentrator
CPN Customer Premises Network
ET Exchange Termination
GMDP Generalised Markovian Deterministic Process
HEC Header Error Control
HED Head-End for Distribution services
ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network
LEX Local EXchange
MUX ATM Multiplexer
NNI Network Node Interface
NPC Network Parameter Control

---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------

SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005
Page 11
ETR 118: December 1993
OAM Operations, Administration and Maintenance
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
STM Synchronous Transfer Mode
TEX Transit EXchange
TMN Telecommunications Management Network
UNI User-Network Interface
UPC Usage Parameter Control
VBR Variable Bit Rate
VC Virtual Channel
VCI Virtual Channel Identification
VP Virtual Path
VPI Virtual Path Identification
4 Overview
4.1 Principles of B-ISDN
The main feature of the B-ISDN concept is the support of a wide range of audio, video and data
applications in the same network. A key element of service integration for B-ISDN is the provision of a
range of services using a limited set of connection types and multi-purpose user-network interfaces. B-
ISDNs support both switched and non-switched connections.
A B-ISDN will contain intelligence for the purpose of providing service features, maintenance and network
management functions. This intelligence may not be sufficient for some new services and may have to be
supplemented by either additional intelligence within the network, or possibly compatible intelligence in the
user terminals.
A layered structure should be used for the specification of the access protocol to a B-ISDN.
4.2 Field of application
This ETR is intended to be applied to public ATM-based network nodes in a B-ISDN. The general
reference configuration of the B-ISDN is illustrated in figure 1.
*) May or may not exist.
NOTE: The relationship between B-ISDN and Telecommunications Management Network
(TMN) is for further study.
Figure 1: General reference configuration of public B-ISDN

---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------

SIST-TP ETSI/ETR 118 E1:2005
Page 12
ETR 118: December 1993
It is recognized that B-ISDN may be implemented in a variety of ways according to specific national
situations, e.g. this may be the use of the existing telecommunication infrastructure and technology. For
the selection of features, functions and interfaces to be provided in a B-ISDN, the different releases (i.e.
release 1, 2 and 3) as defined by ITU-T Study Group 13 (formerly CCITT Study Group XVIII) should be
taken into account.
In figure 2, the configuration for B-ISDN customer access is detailed. A number of ATM Concentrators
(CONs) and ATM Cross-Connects (AXCs) are shown.
In addition, a so-called "Head-End for Distribution services" (HED) is identified which may provide the
distribution channels towards the Customer Premises Network (CPN). The interfaces and possible
distribution services are for further study.
Two different solutions for provisioning of such distribution channels towards the customer are illustrated
which are either based on ATM techniques (interface at reference point D ) or other techniques but
A
integrated in the B-ISDN customer access on the transmission level (interface at reference point D ).
S
NOTE: The arrows indicate the direction of the distribution channels. Additional backward
channels may be required for signalling and Operations, Administration and
Maintenance (OAM) flows.
Figure 2: Possible configurations for subscriber access including distribution services
...