SIST EN 16883:2017
(Main)Conservation of cultural heritage - Guidelines for improving the energy performance of historic buildings
Conservation of cultural heritage - Guidelines for improving the energy performance of historic buildings
This European Standard provides guidelines for improving the energy performance of historic buildings, i.e. historically, architecturally or culturally valuable buildings, and reducing associated greenhouse gas emissions while respecting their heritage significance. The use of this standard is not limited to buildings with statutory heritage protection, but applies to historic buildings of all types and ages.
This European Standard presents a normative working procedure for selecting measures to improve energy performance, based on an investigation, analysis and documentation of the building and its heritage significance. The procedure assesses the impact of those measures in relation to preserving the character-defining elements of the building.
Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Leitlinien für die Verbesserung der energiebezogenen Leistung von historisch, architektonisch oder kulturell wertvollen Gebäuden
Diese Europäische Norm stellt Leitlinien für die Verbesserung der energiebezogenen Leistung historischer Gebäude, d. h. historisch, architektonisch oder kulturell wertvoller Gebäude, und für die Senkung der damit verbundenen Treibhausgasemissionen, unter Berücksichtigung ihrer Bedeutung für das kulturelle Erbe, bereit. Die Anwendung dieser Norm ist nicht auf Gebäude beschränkt, die unter gesetzlichem Denkmalschutz stehen, sondern gilt für historische Gebäude aller Arten und Alter.
Diese Europäische Norm stellt einen normativen Arbeitsablauf dar, für die Auswahl von Maßnahmen zur Verbesserung der energiebezogenen Leistung auf Grundlage einer Untersuchung, Analyse und Dokumentation des Gebäudes und seiner kulturgeschichtlichen Bedeutung. Das Verfahren bewertet die Auswirkung dieser Maßnahmen im Zusammenhang mit der Erhaltung der charakteristischen Merkmale des Gebäudes.
Conservation du patrimoine culturel - Principes directeurs pour l'amélioration de la performance énergétique des bâtiments d'intérêt patrimonial
La présente Norme européenne fournit des lignes directrices pour l'amélioration de la performance énergétique des bâtiments d’intérêt patrimonial, c'est-à-dire des bâtiments possédant une valeur historique, architecturale ou culturelle, et pour la réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre tout en respectant leur intérêt patrimonial. L'utilisation de la présente Norme ne se limite pas aux bâtiments officiellement protégés au titre des monuments historiques, mais s'applique aux bâtiments d’intérêt patrimonial de tous types et âges.
La présente Norme européenne présente une procédure de travail normative pour le choix des mesures permettant d'améliorer la performance énergétique, basée sur l'investigation, l'analyse et la documentation du bâtiment et de son intérêt patrimonial. La procédure évalue l'impact de ces mesures par rapport à la préservation des éléments caractéristiques du bâtiment.
Ohranjanje kulturne dediščine - Smernice za izboljšanje energetske učinkovitosti zgodovinskih stavb
Ta evropski standard določa smernice za izboljšanje energetske učinkovitosti zgodovinskih stavb, tj. zgodovinsko, arhitekturno ali kulturno pomembnih stavb, in zmanjšanje povezanih emisij toplogrednih plinov ob upoštevanju njihovega pomena dediščine. Uporaba tega standarda ni omejena na stavbe z zakonsko določenim varstvom dediščine, ampak se uporablja za zgodovinske stavbe vseh vrst in velikosti.
Ta evropski standard predstavlja normativni delovni postopek za izbiro ukrepov za izboljšanje energetske učinkovitosti na podlagi preiskave, analize in dokumentacije o stavbi in pomenu njene dediščine. Postopek ocenjuje vpliv tistih ukrepov, ki se nanašajo na ohranjanje karakternih elementov stavbe.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Leitlinien für die Verbesserung der energiebezogenen Leistung von historisch, architektonisch oder kulturell wertvollen GebäudenConservation du patrimoine culturel - Principes directeurs pour l'amélioration de la performance énergétique des bâtiments d'intérêt patrimonialConservation of
cultural heritage - Guidelines for improving the energy performance of historic buildings97.195GHGLãþLQDItems of art and handicrafts. Cultural property and heritage91.120.10Toplotna izolacija stavbThermal insulation of buildings27.015VSORãQREnergy efficiency. Energy conservation in generalICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16883:2017SIST EN 16883:2017en,fr,de01-julij-2017SIST EN 16883:2017SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
SIST EN 16883:2017
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16883
May
t r s y ICS
{ sä s t rä s râ
{ yä s { w English Version
Conservation of
cultural heritage æ Guidelines for improving the energy performance of historic buildings Conservation du patrimoine culturel æ Principes directeurs pour l 5amélioration de la performance énergétique des bâtiments d 5intérêt patrimonial
Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes æ Leitlinien für die Verbesserung der energiebezogenen Leistung historischer Gebäude This European Standard was approved by CEN on
t r February
t r s yä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels
9
t r s y CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s x z z uã t r s y ESIST EN 16883:2017
EN 16883:2017 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 4 Introduction . 5 1 Scope . 6 2 Normative references . 6 3 Terms and definitions . 6 3.1 Terms related to buildings . 6 3.2 Terms related to heritage . 8 3.3 Terms related to documentation. 11 3.4 Terms related to energy . 11 4 General considerations . 13 4.1 Introduction . 13 4.2 Principles of building conservation . 13 4.3 Qualification requirements . 14 4.4 Sustainable management of historic buildings . 15 4.5 Existing building envelope and technical systems . 15 4.6 User behaviour . 15 5 Overview of the procedure . 15 6 Initiating the planning process . 16 7 Building survey and assessment . 17 7.1 Introduction . 17 7.2 Building information . 17 7.3 Describing heritage significance and conservation opportunities and constraints . 17 7.4 Assessment of the use of the building . 18 7.5 Documenting the building`s structural type and its components, its condition and associated environmental influences . 18 7.6 Energy performance assessment . 18 7.7 Indoor environmental assessment . 19 8 Specifying the objectives . 20 9 Deciding if improvement of energy performance is needed . 20 10 Assessment and selection of measures for improving energy performance . 20 10.1 Introduction . 20 10.2 Assessment criteria and scale . 21 10.3 Compile a long list of measures . 22 10.4 Exclude inappropriate measures . 23 10.5 Assess remaining measures . 23 10.6 Select packages of measures . 23 10.7 Assess in relation to targets . 23 11 Implementation, documentation and evaluation of improvement measures . 23 11.1 Introduction . 23 11.2 Implementation . 23 11.3 Documentation . 24 11.4 Post-occupancy evaluation . 24 SIST EN 16883:2017
EN 16883:2017 (E) 3 Annex A (informative)
Example of template for building information . 25 A.1 Building information . 25 A.2 Legal information . 25 A.3 Building description . 25 A.4 Defining heritage significance and conservation opportunities and constraints . 26 A.5 Assessment of past and present use and intended future use . 26 A.6 Mapping building’s technical structure, condition and environmental influences . 26 A.7 Energy performance assessment . 27 A.8 Indoor environmental assessment . 27 A.9 Sources and management information. 27 Annex B (informative)
Example of assessment table . 28 Annex C (informative)
Alphabetical index of terms . 30 Bibliography . 31
SIST EN 16883:2017
EN 16883:2017 (E) 4 European foreword This document (EN 16883:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 346 “Conservation of Cultural Heritage”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. SIST EN 16883:2017
EN 16883:2017 (E) 5 Introduction The European building stock represents an important cultural and material resource. Some buildings are of heritage significance due to their historical, architectural or cultural values; this standard refers to them as historic buildings. Due to climate change and associated political goals, the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions (mainly CO2) associated with energy use in buildings is evident. A challenge is to reduce energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions without unacceptable effects on the heritage significance of the existing built environment. This aspect distinguishes working with historic buildings from working with the building stock in general. Appropriate procedures are needed to improve energy performance in historic buildings. This European Standard provides guidelines for such a procedure. It complements existing standards on energy performance for the building stock in general by focusing on aspects particular to historic buildings and showing how existing standards can be applied appropriately. Historic buildings are material manifestations of immovable tangible cultural heritage. They are of heritage significance to present and future generations. Heritage significance is a combination of all heritage values assigned to a building and its setting. Heritage values can be of an aesthetic, historic, scientific, cultural, social or spiritual nature, which can include architectural, artistic, economic, social, symbolic, technological and material aspects. Historic buildings in the sense of this standard do not necessarily have to be statutorily designated as cultural heritage. This European Standard is designed to be used by building owners, authorities and professionals involved in the conservation and refurbishment of historic buildings. The standard aims at facilitating the sustainable management of these buildings by integrating measures for energy performance improvements and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions with the adequate conservation of the buildings. Generally, the guidelines will be applicable to a wide range of buildings where special considerations are needed in order to find a sustainable balance between the use of the building, its energy performance and its conservation. This European Standard should assist users in applying existing standards in the field of energy efficiency to the special conditions of historic buildings. It presents a systematic approach, or procedure, to facilitate the best decision in each individual case. This standard does not presuppose that all historic buildings need energy performance improvements. SIST EN 16883:2017
EN 16883:2017 (E) 6 1 Scope This European Standard provides guidelines for sustainably improving the energy performance of historic buildings, e.g. historically, architecturally or culturally valuable buildings, while respecting their heritage significance. The use of this standard is not limited to buildings with statutory heritage designation, it applies to historic buildings of all types and ages. This European Standard presents a normative working procedure for selecting measures to improve energy performance, based on an investigation, analysis and documentation of the building including its heritage significance. The procedure assesses the impact of those measures in relation to preserving the character-defining elements of the building. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 15603, Energy performance of buildings - Overall energy use and definition of energy ratings EN 16096, Conservation of cultural property - Condition survey and report of built cultural heritage EN 16247-2, Energy audits - Part 2: Buildings 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 Terms related to buildings 3.1.1 alteration change in condition, beneficial or not, intentional or not [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.2.4] 3.1.2 building construction as a whole, including its building envelope and all technical building systems, for which energy is used to condition the indoor climate, to provide domestic hot water and illumination and other services related to the use of the building Note 1 to entry: The term can refer to the building as a whole or to parts thereof that have been designed or altered to be used separately. [SOURCE: CEN/TR 15615:2008] 3.1.3 building element major functional part of a building EXAMPLE Foundation, floor, roof, heating system. [SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2014, 5.5.4, modified – Deleted “services” and added “heating system” in example] SIST EN 16883:2017
EN 16883:2017 (E) 7 3.1.4 building envelope building elements that separate the interior of the building from the outdoor environment [SOURCE: Directive 2010/31/EU, 2(7), with modifications] 3.1.5 building fabric construction products that are fixed to the building in a permanent manner, so that the dismantling of the product changes the performance of the building and the dismantling or replacement of the product constitute construction operations [SOURCE: EN 15643-1:2010, 3.4] 3.1.6 condition physical state of a building at a particular time Note 1 to entry: Assessment of the state of a building depends on the context and thus on the reason why the assessment is being made. [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.2.1, modified - Replaced “object” with “building”] 3.1.7 condition survey inspection to assess condition [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.6.4] 3.1.8 environment natural, man-made or induced external or internal conditions that can influence performance and use of the whole or part of a building [SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2014, 10.3] 3.1.9 environmental control management of one or more factors of the environment Note 1 to entry: This applies to temperature, relative humidity, light, pollution, etc. [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.4.3] 3.1.10 historic building building of heritage significance Note 1 to entry: A historic building does not necessarily have to be statutorily designated as cultural heritage. Note 2 to entry: Historic buildings are a specific form of objects, as defined in EN 15898:2011, 3.1.3. SIST EN 16883:2017
EN 16883:2017 (E) 8 3.1.11 intervention action that results in a physical change of a building Note 1 to entry: Intervention constitutes an alteration. 3.1.12 refurbishment modification to an existing building in order to bring it to an improved, acceptable condition Note 1 to entry: Refurbishment does not necessarily respect the construction techniques, material or heritage significance of a building and is therefore not necessarily a conservation action. Note 2 to entry: Refurbishment is an alteration and an intervention. [SOURCE: EN 15643-1:2010, 3.55, modified – Deleted “and improvement” and added “improved” and note 1 and note 2 to entry] 3.1.13 repair actions applied to a building or part of it to recover its functionality and/or its appearance Note 1 to entry: Repair is a conservation action only if it respects heritage significance and is based on evidence. [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.5.10, modified – Replaced “object” with “building” and in note 1 to entry “restoration” with “conservation” and “significance” with “heritage significance” and deleted note 2 to entry] 3.1.14 sustainability ability of a system to be maintained for the present and future generations Note 1 to entry: In this context “system” comprises environmental, social, cultural and economic aspects. [SOURCE: EN 15643-1:2010, 3.67, modified – Added “cultural” to note 1 to entry] 3.1.15 technical building system technical equipment for heating, cooling, ventilation, humidity control, hot water, lighting or for a combination thereof [SOURCE: EN 15643-1:2010, 3.70, modified – Added “humidity control” and deleted note 1 to entry] 3.2 Terms related to heritage 3.2.1 authenticity extent to which the identity of a building matches the one ascribed to it Note 1 to entry: The concept of authenticity is not to be confused with the concept of originality. [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.1.7, - Replaced “object” with “building”] SIST EN 16883:2017
EN 16883:2017 (E) 9 3.2.2 character-defining elements materials, forms, location, spatial configurations, uses and cultural associations or meanings that contribute to the heritage significance of a historic building, which must be preserved in order to retain its heritage significance [SOURCE: Standards and Guidelines for the Conservation of Historic Places in Canada, p. 253, modified - Replaced “heritage value” with “heritage significance”, “historic place” with “historic building”, “retained” with “preserved” and “preserve” by “retain”] 3.2.3 compatibility extent to which one material can be used with another material without putting heritage significance or stability at risk [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.3.3, modified – Replaced “significance” with “heritage significance”] 3.2.4 conservation measures and actions aimed at safeguarding a historic building while respecting its heritage significance, including its accessibility to present and future generations [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.3.1, modified – Replaced “cultural heritage” with “historic building” and “significance” with “heritage significance”. Note 1, 2, 3 and 4 to entry are deleted] 3.2.5 conservation planning management tool for the development and coordination of conservation measures and actions Note 1 to entry: An outcome can be a “Conservation Plan”. [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.6.2] 3.2.6 cultural heritage entities of heritage significance to present and future generations [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.1.1 modified – Replaced “tangible and intangible entities” with “entities” and “significance” with “heritage significance”] 3.2.7 damage alteration that reduces heritage significance or stability Note 1 to entry: Stability can be physical, chemical, biological, etc. Note 2 to entry: Although damage has negative connotations, it can sometimes be viewed as broadening heritage significance. [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.2.7 modified – Replaced “reduces significance” with “reduced heritage significance” in the definition and in note 2 to entry “significance” with “heritage significance”] SIST EN 16883:2017
EN 16883:2017 (E) 10 3.2.8 deterioration gradual change in condition that reduces heritage significance or stability Note 1 to entry: This term can also refer to the process itself. Note 2 to entry: The term “decay” is sometimes used as a synonym. Note 3 to entry: For movable heritage, the French term “détérioration” is also used to describe a complete and sudden worsening of condition. [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.2.8, modified – Replaced “significance” with “heritage significance”] 3.2.9 heritage significance combination of all the heritage values assigned to a building and its setting [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.1.6, modified – Added heritage to the term, replaced “values” with “heritage values” and “object” with “building” and added “and its setting”] 3.2.10 heritage value aspect of importance that individuals or society assign(s) to a building Note 1 to entry: Heritage values can be of aesthetic, historic, scientific, cultural, social or spiritual nature. These types of heritage values include various aspects, for example: architectural, artistic, economic, symbolic, technological, use, etc. Note 2 to entry: The heritage assigned value can change according to circumstance, e.g. how the judgement is made, the context and the moment in time. Value should always be indicated by its qualifying type. [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.1.5, modified – Added heritage to the term, replaced "object” with “building” and changed note 1 to entry by replacing “values” with “heritage values” and note 2 to entry by replacing “the assigned value” with “heritage assigned value”] 3.2.11 integrity extent of physical or conceptual wholeness of a building [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.2.3, modified – Replaced “object” with “building”] 3.2.12 reversibility extent to which an intervention can be undone without damage to the building [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.3.2, modified – Replaced “treatment” with “intervention and “object” with “building”] SIST EN 16883:2017
EN 16883:2017 (E) 11 3.3 Terms related to documentation 3.3.1 condition report record of condition for a specific purpose, dated and authored Note 1 to entry: A condition report normally results from a condition survey. [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.6.5] 3.3.2 documentation recorded information created, collected, held and maintained for the purpose of present and future conservation and for reference EXAMPLES X-radiographs, drawings, photographs, written reports, computer files, photogrammetry, laser-scanning, etc. Note 1 to entry: This term also refers to the process itself. [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.6.8] 3.3.3 investigation gathering of all information necessary for a conservation decision making process Note 1 to entry: This should include both qualitative and quantitative information. Note 2 to entry: Investigation is frequently invasive, entailing opening up floors or roofs, the making of holes for fibre-optics, taking samples, etc., and may be locally destructive, as is archaeological excavation. Non-invasive methods include inspection, photogrammetry, remote sensing, the study of documentary and/or oral sources, etc. [SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.6.3] 3.3.4 statement of heritage significance document describing a historic building and identifying its heritage significance, heritage values and character-defining elements Note 1 to entry: The statement of heritage significance is a tool for conservation planning. 3.4 Terms related to energy 3.4.1 energy capacity of a system to produce external activity or to perform work Note 1 to entry: Commonly the term energy is used for electricity, fuel, steam, heat, compressed air and other like media. Note 2 to entry: Energy is commonly expressed as a scalar quantity. Note 3 to entry: Work as used in this definition means external supplied or extracted energy to a system. In mechanical systems, forces in or against direction of movement; in thermal systems, heat supply or heat removal. [SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.1.1] SIST EN 16883:2017
EN 16883:2017 (E) 12 3.4.2 energy carrier substance or phenomenon that can be used to produce mechanical work or heat or to operate chemical or physical processes Note 1 to entry: The energy content of fuels is given by their gross calorific value. [SOURCE: CEN/TR 15615:2008, 3.17] 3.4.3 energy consumption quantity of energy applied Note 1 to entry: This is not applied energy. [SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.1.13] 3.4.4 energy demand quantity of energy required by an energy using system at a given instant or over any designated interval of time [SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.3.13] 3.4.5 energy performance improvement measure action to achieve behavioural, design, economic or technical change leading to verifiable, measurable or estimable energy performance improvements 3.4.6 energy performance measurable results related to energy use and energy consumption Note 1 to entry: This definition is in line with the definition of energy performance in the Energy Performance of Buildings (EPB) standards, which describe it as the calculated or measured net delivered energy to meet the energy demand associated with the use of the building (including inter alia energy used for heating, cooling, ventilation, domestic hot water and lighting). [SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.3.1, modified – Deleted “energy efficiency” and added note 1 to entry] 3.4.7 energy rating evaluation of energy performance of a building based on the weighted sum of the calculated or measured use of energy carriers Note 1 to entry: EPB standards differentiate between measured energy rating and calculated energy rating, the latter being either a design energy rating (design building data, standard use and climate data), a standard energy rating (actual building data, standard use and climate data) or a tailored energy rating (actual building data, climate, use and indoor environment data adapted to the actual building and purpose of calculation). [SOURCE: CEN/TR 15615:2008, 3.24, Modified – Added note 1 to entry] SIST EN 16883:2017
EN 16883:2017 (E) 13 3.4.8 energy savings reduction of energy consumption following implementation of an energy performance improvement measure [SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.3.9, modified – Changed “performance action” to ”performance improvement measure”] 3.4.9 energy source material, natural resource or technical system from which energy can be extracted or recovered Note 1 to entry: A pressed spring, flywheel, or battery are examples of a technical system used as an energy source. [SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.1.4] 3.4.10 energy use manner or kind of application of energy EXAMPLE Heating, ventilation, cooling, lighting, transportation, processes, production lines. Note 1 to entry: Characteristics of energy use include, but are not limited to, the purpose of the use, source(s) choice and application. [SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.1.12] 3.4.11 non-renewable energy energy from a source which is depleted by extraction (e.g. fossil fuels) [SOURCE: CEN/TR 15615:2008, 3.20] 3.4.12 renewable energy energy from a source that is not depleted by extraction, such as solar energy (thermal and photovoltaic), wind, water power, renewed biomass [SOURCE: CEN/TR 15615:2008, 3.21, modified – Deleted note 1 to entry] 4 General considerations 4.1 Introduction This standard describes a procedure of selecting appropriate measures to improve the energy performance for a given historic building. This clause gives general considerations to be observed and followed before applying the procedure. 4.2 Principles of building
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SLOVENSKI STANDARD
oSIST prEN 16883:2015
01-september-2015
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Conservation of cultural heritage - Guidelines for improving the energy performance of
historic buildings
Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Leitlinien für die Verbesserung der energiebezogenen
Leistung von historisch, architektonisch oder kulturell wertvollen Gebäuden
Conservation du patrimoine culturel - Principes directeurs pour l'amélioration de la
performance énergétique des bâtiments d'intérêt patrimonial
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 16883
ICS:
91.120.10 Toplotna izolacija stavb Thermal insulation
97.195 Umetniški in obrtniški izdelki Items of art and handicrafts
oSIST prEN 16883:2015 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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oSIST prEN 16883:2015
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oSIST prEN 16883:2015
EUROPEAN STANDARD
DRAFT
prEN 16883
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
June 2015
ICS 91.120.10; 97.195
English Version
Conservation of cultural heritage - Guidelines for improving the
energy performance of historic buildings
Conservation du patrimoine culturel - Principes directeurs Erhaltung des kulturellen Erbes - Leitlinien für die
pour l'amélioration de la performance énergétique des Verbesserung der energiebezogenen Leistung von
bâtiments d'intérêt patrimonial historisch, architektonisch oder kulturell wertvollen
Gebäuden
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee CEN/TC 346.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language
made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United
Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to
provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without notice and
shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 16883:2015 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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oSIST prEN 16883:2015
prEN 16883:2015 (E)
Contents Page
Foreword .4
Introduction .5
1 Scope .6
2 Normative references .6
3 Terms and definitions .6
4 General considerations . 15
4.1 Introduction . 15
4.2 Qualification requirements . 15
4.3 Principles of building conservation . 16
4.4 Sustainable building management . 17
4.5 Existing building envelope and technical systems . 17
5 Overview of the procedure . 17
6 Initiating the energy refurbishment process . 18
7 Building survey and assessment . 19
7.1 Introduction . 19
7.2 Building information . 19
7.3 Describing heritage significance and conservation restrictions . 19
7.4 Assessment of the use of the building . 19
7.5 Documenting the building's construction, technical building systems, and environmental
influences . 20
7.6 Energy performance assessment . 20
7.7 Indoor environmental assessment . 21
8 Identifying the objectives for the refurbishment . 21
9 Deciding if an energy refurbishment is needed . 22
10 Assessment and selection of measures for energy refurbishment . 22
10.1 Introduction . 22
10.2 Assessment criteria and scale . 22
10.3 Exclude inappropriate measures . 24
10.4 Assessment of remaining measures . 24
10.5 Selection of packages of measures . 24
10.6 Assessment in relation to targets . 24
11 Implementation, documentation and post-occupancy evaluation . 25
11.1 Introduction . 25
11.2 Implementation . 25
11.3 Documentation . 25
11.4 Post-occupancy evaluation . 25
Annex A (informative) Example of template for building information . 27
A.1 Building information . 27
A.2 Legal information . 27
A.3 Building description . 27
A.4 Defining heritage significance and conservation obligations . 28
A.5 Assessment of past and present use and intended future use . 28
2
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oSIST prEN 16883:2015
prEN 16883:2015 (E)
A.6 Mapping building’s technical structure, condition and environmental influences . 28
A.7 Energy performance assessment . 28
A.8 Indoor environmental assessment . 28
A.9 Sources and management information . 29
Annex B (informative) Example of assessment table . 30
Bibliography . 32
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Foreword
This document (prEN 16883:2015) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 346 “Conservation of
cultural heritage”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
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Introduction
The European building stock represents an important cultural and material resource. Some buildings are of
heritage significance due to their historical, architectural or cultural values; this standard refers to them as
historic buildings. Due to climate change and associated political goals, the need to reduce greenhouse gas
emissions (mainly CO ) associated with energy use in buildings is growing. A challenge for the future is to
2
reduce energy demand and greenhouse gas emissions without unacceptable effects on the heritage
significance of the existing built environment. This aspect distinguishes working with such buildings from
working with the building stock in general. Appropriate procedures are needed to improve energy performance
in historic buildings. This European Standard provides guidelines for such a procedure.
Historic buildings are the material manifestations of immovable tangible cultural heritage. They are of heritage
significance to present and future generations. Heritage significance is a combination of all heritage values
assigned to a building. Heritage values can be of an aesthetic, historic, scientific, cultural, social or spiritual
nature, which can include architectural, artistic, economic, social, symbolic and technological aspects. Historic
buildings in the sense of this standard do not necessarily have to be statutorily designated as cultural heritage.
This European Standard is designed to be used by building owners, authorities and professionals involved in
the conservation and refurbishment of historic buildings aiming at facilitating the sustainable management of
these buildings by integrating measures for energy improvements and reduction of greenhouse gas emissions
with the adequate conservation of the buildings. Generally the guidelines will be applicable to a wide range of
buildings where special considerations are needed in order to find a sustainable balance between the use of
the building, its energy performance and its conservation.
This European Standard presents a systematic approach, or procedure, to facilitate the best decisions in each
individual case. It does not presuppose a need for energy improvements in all historic buildings.
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1 Scope
This European Standard provides guidelines for improving the energy performance of historic buildings, i.e.
historically, architecturally or culturally valuable buildings, and reducing associated greenhouse gas emissions
while respecting their heritage significance. The use of this standard is not limited to buildings with statutory
heritage protection, but applies to historic buildings of all types and ages.
This European Standard presents a normative working procedure for selecting measures to improve energy
performance, based on an investigation, analysis and documentation of the building and its heritage
significance. The procedure assesses the impact of those measures in relation to preserving the character-
defining elements of the building.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 15603, Energy performance of buildings - Overall energy use and definition of energy ratings
EN 16096, Conservation of cultural property - Condition survey and report of built cultural heritage
EN 16247-2:2014, Energy audits - Part 2: Buildings
EN ISO 13790, Energy performance of buildings - Calculation of energy use for space heating and cooling
(ISO 13790)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
alteration
change in condition, beneficial or not, intentional or not
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.2.4]
3.2
authenticity
extent to which the identity of a building matches the one ascribed to it
Note 1 to entry: The concept of authenticity is not to be confused with the concept of originality.
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.1.7, modified by replacing ‘an object’ with ‘a building’]
3.3
building
construction as a whole, including its envelope and all technical building systems, for which energy is used to
condition the indoor climate, to provide domestic hot water and illumination and other services related to the
use of the building
Note 1 to entry: The term can refer to the building as a whole or to parts thereof that have been designed or altered to
be used separately.
[SOURCE: CEN/TR 15615:2008]
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3.4
building element
major functional part of a building
EXAMPLE Foundation, floor, roof, services.
[SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2014, 5.5.4]
3.5
building envelope
boundary or barrier separating the internal volume subject to the test from the outside environment or another
part of the building
[SOURCE: EN 13829:2000, 3.3]
3.6
building fabric
construction products that are fixed to the building in a permanent manner, so that the dismantling of the
product changes the performance of the building and the dismantling or replacement of the product constitute
construction operations
[SOURCE: EN 15643-1:2010]
3.7
character-defining elements
materials, forms, location, spatial configurations, uses and cultural associations or meanings that contribute to
the heritage significance of an historic building, which must be retained in order to retain its heritage
significance
3.8
client
person or organization that requires a building to be provided, altered or extended and is responsible for
initiating and approving the brief
[SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2014, 8.3]
3.9
compatibility
extent to which one material can be used with another material without putting heritage significance or stability
at risk
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.3.3]
3.10
condition
physical state of a building at a particular time
Note 1 to entry: Assessment of the state of a building depends on the context and thus on the reason why the
assessment is being made.
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.2.1]
3.11
condition report
record of condition for a specific purpose, dated and authored
Note 1 to entry: A condition report normally results from a condition survey. In French, the term "constat d'état" is
used for moveable heritage, while "rapport dévaluation de l'état" is used for immovable heritage.
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.6.5]
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3.12
condition survey
inspection to assess condition
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.6.4]
3.13
conservation, conservation-restoration
measures and actions aimed at safeguarding cultural heritage while respecting its heritage significance,
including its accessibility to present and future generations
Note 1 to entry: Conservation includes preventive conservation, remedial conservation and restoration (see [27]).
Note 2 to entry: The term "conservation-restoration" is mainly used in the field of movable cultural heritage.
Note 3 to entry: The term "preservation" is also used, e.g. in libraries and archives.
Note 4 to entry: All conservation actions are based on documentary and/or material evidence (see [16]).
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.3.1, modified by replacing ‘significance’ with ‘heritage significance’]
3.14
conservation planning
management tool for the development and coordination of conservation measures and actions
Note 1 to entry: An outcome can be a 'Conservation Plan'.
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.6.2]
3.15
conservation proposal
recommendations resulting from diagnosis, for the purpose of conservation planning
Note 1 to entry: Conservation proposals can make use of or include statements of heritage significance and
conservation plans.
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.6.7,]
3.16
construction works
everything that is constructed or results from construction operations
[SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2014, 3.1.1]
3.17
consultant
person or organization providing specific advice or services on certain aspects of a project
[SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2014, 8.8]
3.18
context
past, present and future circumstances affecting heritage significance
Note 1 to entry: Context refers to the circumstances, tangible and intangible, in which a building is created, built, used,
worshipped, found, excavated, kept, presented, etc.
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.1.8]
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3.19
contractor
person or organization that undertakes construction works in accordance with a contract
[SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2014, 8.4]
3.20
cultural heritage
tangible and intangible entities of heritage significance to present and future generations
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.1.1]
3.21
damage
alteration that reduced heritage significance or stability
Note 1 to entry: Stability can be physical, chemical, biological, etc.
Note 2 to entry: Although damage has negative connotations, it can sometimes be viewed as broadening heritage
significance.
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.2.7]
3.22
diagnosis
process of identifying the present condition of a building and determining the nature and causes of any
change, as well as the conclusions drawn
Note 1 to entry: Diagnosis is based on observation, investigation, historical analysis, etc.
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.6.6]
3.23
designer
person or organization who designs buildings and structures and parts thereof
[SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2014, 8.9]
3.24
deterioration
gradual change in condition that reduces heritage significance or stability
Note 1 to entry: This term can also refer to the process itself.
Note 2 to entry: The term "decay" is sometimes used as a synonym.
Note 3 to entry: For movable heritage, the French term "détérioration" is also used to describe a complete and sudden
worsening of condition.
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.2.8]
3.25
documentation
recorded information created, collected, held and maintained for the purpose of present and future
conservation and for reference
EXAMPLES X-radiographs, drawings, photographs, written reports, computer files, photogrammetry, laser-scanning,
etc.
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Note 1 to entry: This term also refers to the process itself.
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.6.7]
3.26
durability
ability to resist the effects of wear and tear in performance situations
Note 1 to entry: Durability is not to be confused with "permanence" for which see EN ISO 9706.
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.1.1]
3.27
energy
capacity of a system to produce activity
Note 1 to entry: Generally, the term energy is used for electricity, fuel, steam, heat, compressed air and other similar
sources.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1, 3.1.1]
3.28
energy carrier
substance or phenomenon that can be used to produce mechanical work or heat or to operate chemical or
physical processes [ISO 13600:1997]
Note 1 to entry: The energy content of fuels is given by their gross calorific value.
[SOURCE: CEN/TR 15615:2008, 3.17]
3.29
energy consumption
quantity of energy applied
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1, 3.1.15]
3.30
energy demand
necessary supply capacity for the projected level of energy use
Note 1 to entry: When considering future trends, energy demand is often used in the sense of potential energy
consumption.
Note 2 to entry: Energy demand is often used in the context of supply-demand interaction where demand is not given
but dependent on external factors such as energy prices.
[SOURCE: CEN/CLC/TR 16103:2010, 4.2.3]
3.31
energy efficiency
E
f
ratio or other quantitative relationship between an output of performance, service, goods or energy, and an
input of energy
EXAMPLE Efficiency conversion energy; energy required/energy used; output/input; theoretical energy used to
operate/energy used to operate.
Note 1 to entry: Both input and output need to be clearly specified in quantity and quality, and be measureable.
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Note 2 to entry: A quotient of energy consumption per unit output is called specific energy consumption.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.8, modified; ISO/IEC 13273-1, 3.4.1]
3.32
energy improvement measure
action to achieve behavioural, design, economic or technical change leading to verifiable, measurable or
estimable energy performance improvements
3.33
energy measurement
process of obtaining one or more values that can be attributed to a quantity of energy
Note 1 to entry: Measurement implies counting and comparison of quantities.
[SOURCE: CEN/CLC/TR 16103:2010, 4.7.1]
3.34
energy monitoring
recording and checking of metered and other data over a period of time
Note 1 to entry: Other data includes the necessary reference data such as weather, occupancy, production, etc.
SOURCE: [ISO/IEC 13273-1, 3.3.5; CEN/CLC TR 16103:2010, 4.7.4, modified by replacing “monitoring” with
“energy monitoring”, by adding the note to clarify the term “other data”]
3.35
energy performance
measurable results related to energy efficiency, energy use and energy consumption
Note 1 to entry: This definition is in line with the definition of energy performance in the Energy Performance of
Buildings (EPB) standards, which describe it as the calculated or measured net delivered energy to meet the energy
demand associated with the use of the building (including inter alia energy used for heating, cooling, ventilation, domestic
hot water and lighting).
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1, 3.3.1, modified – Added note 1 to entry]
3.36
energy rating
evaluation of energy performance of a building based on the weighted sum of the calculated or measured use
of energy carriers
Note 1 to entry: EPB standards differentiate between measured energy rating and calculated energy rating, the latter
being either a design energy rating (design building data, standard use and climate data), a standard energy rating (actual
building data, standard use and climate data) or a tailored energy rating (actual building data, climate, use and indoor
environment data adapted to the actual building and purpose of calculation).
[SOURCE: CEN/TR 15615:2008, C.5.3, Modified – Added note 1 to entry]
3.37
energy savings
reduction of energy consumption following implementation of an end-use action intended to improve energy
performance
Note 1 to entry: The reduction is obtained by comparison against the baseline taking into account all adjustment
factors.
Note 2 to entry: If the implementation of an action results in an increase in energy consumption, then the savings will
be negative.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1, 3.3.11]
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3.38
energy source
material, natural resource or technical system from which energy can be extracted or recovered either directly
or by means of energy conversion
Note 1 to entry: A compressed spring, flywheel, or battery are examples of a technical system used as an energy
source.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1, 3.1.4]
3.39
energy use
manner or kind of application of energy
EXAMPLE Heating, ventilation, cooling, lighting.
Note 1 to entry: Characteristics of energy use include, but are not limited to, the purpose of the use, source(s) choice
and application.
[SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1, 3.1.14]
3.40
environment
natural, man-made or induced external or internal conditions that can influence performance and use of the
whole or part of a building
[SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2014, 10.3]
3.41
environmental control
management of one or more factors of the environment
Note 1 to entry: This applies to temperature, relative humidity, light, pollution, etc.
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.4.3]
3.42
heritage-designated building
historic building statutorily designated as cultural heritage
Note 1 to entry: Heritage designation can be in the form of ‘listing’ or ‘scheduling’ or by inclusion in conservation areas
or UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Depending on the form of designation, buildings can be referred to as ‘monuments’.
3.43
heritage significance
combination of all the heritage values assigned to a building
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.1.6]
3.44
heritage value
aspect of importance that individuals or society assign(s) to a building
Note 1 to entry: Heritage values can be of aesthetic, historic, scientific, cultural, social or spiritual nature. These types
of heritage values include various aspects, for example: architectural, artistic, economic, symbolic, technological, etc.
Note 2 to entry: The heritage assigned value can change according to circumstance, e.g. how the judgement is made,
the context and the moment in time. Value is always to be indicated by its qualifying type.
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.1.5]
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3.45
historic building
single manifestation of immovable tangible cultural heritage in the form of an existing building
Note 1 to entry: A historic building does not necessarily have to be a heritage-designated building.
Note 2 to entry: Historic buildings are a specific form of objects, as defined in EN 15898:2011.
3.46
integrity
extent of physical or conceptual wholeness of a building
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.2.3]
3.47
intervention
any action, other than demolition or destruction, that results in a physical change to an element of a historic
building
3.48
investigation
gathering of all information necessary for a conservation decision making process
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.6.3]
3.49
maintenance
combination of all technical aspects and associated administrative actions to retain a building or its parts in a
condition in which it can perform its required function and retain its heritage significance
Note 1 to entry: Maintenance of historic buildings includes periodic preventive conservation actions.
EXAMPLE Cleaning guttering, oiling working machinery, dusting furniture, etc.
[SOURCE: ISO 15686-1:2011, 3.13, EN15898]
3.50
manufacturer
person or organization making offsite materials, products, components and other items
[SOURCE: ISO 6707-1:2014, 8.5]
3.51
non-renewable energy
energy from a source which is depleted by extraction
[SOURCE: CEN/TR 15615:2008, C.4.7 ]
3.52
preventive conservation
measures and actions aimed at avoiding or minimizing future damage, deterioration and loss and,
consequently, any invasive intervention
Note 1 to entry: Preventive conservation is also referred to as preservation.
[SOURCE: EN 15898:2011, 3.3.5]
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